9/23/2016

ComparisonbetweenImpulseTurbineandReactionTurbine

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ComparisonbetweenImpulseTurbineand
ReactionTurbine
Lastupdated:Apr5,2016

inHydraulicMachines

byMEMechanicalTeam

Impulseandreactionturbinearecomparedbelowpresentedinpictureandtabularform.

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Schematicdiagramsummarisingthedifferencesbetweenimpulseturbineandreactionturbine,
wheretherotoristherotatingpartandthestatoristhestationarypartofthemachine.
Imagesource:Emoscopes(WikimediaCommons)

Animation
Car
Engine

DifferencesbetweenImpulseandReactionTurbines:

Heat

S.No

ImpulseTurbine

ReactionTurbine

Inimpulseturbineallhydraulicenergyisconverted
intokineticenergybyanozzleanditisisthejetso
producedwhichstrikestherunnerblades.

Inreactionturbineonlysomeamountoftheavailableenergy
isconvertedintokineticenergybeforethefluidentersthe
runner.

Thevelocityofjetwhichchanges,thepressure
throughoutremainingatmosphere.

Bothpressureandvelocitychangesasfluidpassesthrough
arunner.Pressureatinletismuchhigherthanatoutlet.

ModernMachini

Thermodynamic
Turbine

Watertightcasingisnotnecessary.Casinghasno
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9/23/2016

ComparisonbetweenImpulseTurbineandReactionTurbine

hydraulicfunctiontoperform.Itonlyservestoprevent Therunnermustbeenclosedwithinawatertightcasing.
splashingandguidewatertothetailrace.

Waterisadmittedonlyintheformofjets.Theremay
beoneormorejetsstrikingequalnumberofbuckets
simultaneously.

Waterisadmittedovertheentirecircumferenceofthe
runner.

Theturbinedoesntrunfullandairhasafreeaccess
tothebucket.

Watercompletelyfillsatthepassagesbetweentheblades
andwhileflowingbetweeninletandoutletsectionsdoes
workontheblades.

Reactionturbinearegenerallyconnectedtothetailrace
Theturbineisalwaysinstalledabovethetailraceand
throughadrafttubewhichisagraduallyexpanding
thereisnodrafttubeused.
passage.Itmaybeinstalledbeloworabovethetailrace.

Flowregulationisdonebymeansofaneedlevalve
fittedintothenozzle.

Theflowregulationinreactionturbineiscarriedoutby
meansofaguidevaneassembly.Othercomponentparts
arescrollcasing,stayringrunnerandthedrafttub.

ExampleofimpulseturbineisPeltonwheel.

ExamplesofreactionturbineareFrancisturbine,Kaplanand
PropellerTurbine,DeriazTurbine,TubulerTurbine,etc.

Impulseturbinehavemorehydraulicefficiency.

Reactionturbinehaverelativelylessefficiency.

10

Impulseturbineoperatesathighwaterheads.

Reactionturbineoperateatlowandmediumheads.

11

Waterflowistangentialdirectiontotheturbinewheel.

Waterflowsinradialandaxialdirectiontoturbinewheel.

12

Needslowdischargeofwater.

Needsmediumandhighdischargeofwater.

13

Degreeofreactioniszero.

Degreeofreactionismorethanzeroandlessthanorequal
toone.

14

Impulseturbineinvolveslessmaintenancework.

Reactionturbineinvolvesmoremaintenancework.

Turbine
R E L AT E D A R T I C L E S & C O M M E N T S

thanksforthiscomparisonthiswasuseful

LAKSHITH

Dec5,20151:02pm Reply

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Thisisextremelyusefultabulation&clearillustration.

MayIusethisinapresentationwithsource&citationofME
mechanicalengineering.com?

BHUSHAN

Dec15,201512:00pm Reply

Youarefreetousecontentprovidedus.
Lastupdated2monthsago

Pleasedosupportusbygivingcitationsandreferencesinyour

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presentation.

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Veryeasypoint

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wowthankyouveymuchtogetsuchkindofinformation

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veryniceitishelpfulmaterial

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ComparisonbetweenImpulseTurbineandReactionTurbine
UMESHBHANAGE Jun29,20161:59pm Reply

Lastupdated10monthsago

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NowIhaveunderstoodthedifferencebetweenthetwoclassifications.Thanksa
lot.

ONONOGBOCHIBUIKE Jul20,20169:14am Reply

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