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Disear la zapata mostrada en la figura 1. La columna es de 45x45 cm. y est reforzada con varillas #8. L
carga de trabajo es 2.8 kg/cm2 Adems est sometido a la accin de una sobrecarga de 500 kg/m2 El c
=4200 kg/cm2
DATOS:
Zapata
f'c=
Otros
210 kg/cm
Columna
f'c=
b=
t=
500
180
130
S/C =
PD =
420 kg/cm
45 cm
45 cm
PL =
Acero
fy=
4200
qm qa ht chc-s/c
P
qm
(t1-t2)
T= Az
2
(t1-t2)
S Az
2
Azap
65.00 cm
58.89 cm
Ld =
58.89
(recubrimiento)
hc = Ld + r.e + b
ht = Df - hc
P
qm
(t1-t2)
T= Az
2
(t1-t2)
S Az
2
Azap
Wnu
Pu
Azap
Tt
2
Vdu=(WnuxB)(L v-d)
Lv
Vc=0.53 f'cbd
Vc Vdu
Por Punzonamiento:
Vu=Pu-Wnu x mn
Vu =
bo =
430,917.63
kg
bo = 2 x ( t + d ) + 2 x ( b + d ) =
cm
422.36
600,770.22
510,654.69
Vc > Vdu
c = lado mayor columna ( t )
kg
kg
OK!
Vc=
Vc=
c =
m = 105.59
n = 105.59
Vu = 1.1 x f'c x bo x d
Vu = vc OK !
Vu = 393,096.56
vc =
334,132.08
Mu =
(Wnu x
T)Lv
2
Mu
As =
Fy(d a
a
)
2
As.Fy
0.85f c * b
As mn = 0.0018 * B * d
As > As mn OK !!
Ab
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e - b
n -1
Direccin Menor:
As tranv = As * T
B
As mn = 0.0018 * B * d
As > As mn OK !!
Ab
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e - b
n -1
<
Lv1
3.54 * f 'c^.5 * C + Kr
b
Lv1 = Lv - r.e.e
=
=
=
=
14.05
OK !!
195 cm
* 0.85 * f 'c * A1 =
USAR :
As col > As min
cm. y est reforzada con varillas #8. La carga que transmite es: PD= 180tn.y PL=130tn. El peso especfico del suelo es 1800 kg/m3 y
e una sobrecarga de 500 kg/m2 El concreto de la columna es de f 'c= 420 kg/cm2 Para la zapata emplear f 'c =21 O kg/cm2
Suelo
kg/m
Tn
Tn
Df =
2 =
qa =
db =
Lv =
1.35 m
1800 kg/m
2.80 kg/cm
2.54 cm
150 cm
kg/cm
cm
Df
b ( 1") =
2.54 cm
Ld + r.e + b
qm =
2.47 kg/cm
t
t
T
Azap =
T =
B =
125,506.07
354.00
354.00
cm
cm
cm
Donde:
P = Carga de servicio
Lv = Volados iguales sin
excentricidad
3.77
Lv = 154.50
r.e =
7.50
b ( 3/4") =
1.91
d = 60.59
Vdu =
125,478.62
=
0.85
Vc =
Vc =
Vc > Vdu
164,736.46
140,025.99
OK!
Donde:
Pu = Carga Ultima
kg/cm2
cm
cm
cm
cm
kg
kg
kg
Vc=0.27 2+
f ' cbo d
Dmayor
,
Dmenor
Vu Vc; =0.85
2m +2n
(perimetro de los planos de falla)
334,132.08
Kg
Kg
t2
d/2
d/2
t1
m = t1+d
kg
n = t2+d
393,096.56
2 Vc=1.06 f 'c bo d
kg
kg
Lv =
Mu =
15,947,215.04
B=
d = 60.59
a=
3.89
As = 71.94
a=
4.78
As mn = 28.67
cm2
cm
As transv = 72.49
Asmin = 41.42
As transv
(Valor Asumido)
cm
cm
cm2
Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85
# Varilla ( n ) = 25
Espaciam =
14.05
25 3/4" @
14.05
cm2
Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85
# Varilla ( n ) = 10
Espaciam =
37.45
10 3/4" @
37.45
>
T=
354
B=
354
d = 60.59
a=
5.01
ree = 7.50
=
1.91
cm2
354.00
As = 72.49
As
cm
kg-cm b ( 3/4")
154.50
As mn
OK !!
b ( 3/4") =
cm2
cm
(Valor Asumido)
cm2
Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85
# Varilla ( n ) = 25
Espaciam =
14.05
25 3/4" @
14.05
cm2
Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85
# Varilla ( n ) = 15
Espaciam =
24.08
15 3/4" @
24.08
>
As mn
OK !!
1.91
cm
e de la siguiente manera:
1.00
0.80
1.00
1.00
b (3/4") = 1.91
r.e.e = 7.50
fy = 4200
f'c = 210
C = 8.50
ktr = 0
2.5 q = ( C+kt
q=
142.50 cm
cm
50.04
Lv1 =
Ld =
Ld < Lv1
TA ( = 0.70 )
cm2
kg
cm2
Pu = 473000
A1 = 2025
* 0.85 * f 'c * A1 = 506047.5
ol > As min
# Varilla ( n ) =
kg
r )/ b
OK !!
cm2
cm2
cm2
OK !!
Pu = 473000 kg
cm2
kg
A1 = 2025 cm2
A2 = 125316 cm2
506047.5
kg
OK !!
MD,ML
PD, PL
ht
Lv
hc
a de servicio
dos iguales sin
f ' cbo d
2 Vc=1.06 f 'c bo d
5
5
cm
5
5
cm
cm2
cm
cm2
5
5
cm
8
8
cm
10.41
A2/A1 =
problema 2
Disear la zapata mostrada en la figura 2.La columna es de 60x60 cm. y est reforzada con varillas #8. El peso especfic
de una sobrecarga de 400 kg/m2 Las fuerzas que son transmitidas a la zapata son: PD =90tn., PL=72 tn. , MDx=18
El concreto de la columna es de f 'c=420 kg/cm2 Para la zapata emplear f 'c=210kg/cm2 y fy =4200 kg/cm2
DATOS GENERALES:
SECCION DE COLUMNA
CARGA MUERTA:
CARGA VIVA:
CAPACIDAD PORTANTE DEL SUELO:
PROFUNDIDAD DE DESPLANTE:
PESO ESPECIFICO DEL TERRENO:
TENCIA DEL CONCRETO DE LA ZAPATA:
SOBRECARGA DEL PISO:
RESISTENCIA DEL ACERO:
RECUBRIMIENTO
DIAMETRO DE LAS VARILLAS DE REFUERZO:
ALTURA A NIVEL DE PISO TERMINADO
t1
t2
PD
PL
t
Df
t
f'c
s/c
Fy
R
v
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
0.60
0.60
90.00
72.00
1.90
1.40
2.00
210.00
400.00
4200.00
7.50
2.54
hf=
1.70
15.20
Tn/m2
10.66
m2
S' x T' =
3.270
T=
3.270
mts. UtilizarT =
3.300 mt
S=
3.270
mts. UtilizarS =
3.300 mt
USAR
SxT
Lv1 = Lv2 =
1.350
1.350
3.300
3.300
Wnu =
223.2
10.89
Tn
m2
20.50
Tn/m2
TAMBIEN:
Vc = 1.06(f'c)xboxd .( II )
I = II
Formando una ecuacion de segundo Grado
542.765086
a =
337.96
b=
-215.82
c=
Entonces d =
0.3919 mt
49.23 cm
h =
h =
usar
dprom
60.000 cm
0.500 m
VERIFICACION DE CORTANTE:
Lv =
Vdu =
Vn =
1.350
57.49
67.64
Vc =
126.73
mts.
Tn.
Tn.
Tn
> Vn CONFORME
SENTIDO LONGITUDINAL:
DISEO POR FLEXION:
Mu =
61.63
Tn-m
d=
F'c=
Fy =
b=
50.00
210.00
4200.00
330.00
cm2.
kg/cm2
kg/cm2
cm
ITERANDO:
d =
Asumiendo a
As
As
As
As
=
=
=
=
Usar As =
10
cm
36.23
33.48
33.41
33.41
cm2
cm2
cm2
cm2
a=
a=
a=
33.41
cm2
a=
2.584 cm
2.387 cm
2.382
2.382
Asmin = (temp).(b).(d)
Asmin =
29.70
cm2.
As =
33.41
cm2.
<
33.41
CALCULO DE VARILLAS:
A = AREA DE LA VARILLA A USAR EN cm2.
A =
n = As/A =
usar n =
cm2.
6.55
VARILLAS
VARILLAS
v =
Separacion = ( S -2r - v ) / (n - 1)
Separacion =
51.650
cm
Separacion =
USAR:
52
7
cm
VARILLAS
SENTIDO TRANSVERSAL:
Asl =
33.41
cm2
Ast =
33.41
A =
n = As/A =
6.55
VARILLAS
VARILLAS
usar n =
cm2
cm2.
v =
Separacion = ( S -2r - v ) /
Separacion =
51.650
mts.
Separacion =
USAR:
52
7
mts.
VARILLAS
127.50 cm
=
=
=
=
5.1 cm2
210.00 Kg/cm2
4200.00 Kg/cm2
2.548 cm
Ld1 =
Ld2 =
Ld3 =
88.69 cm
61.00 cm
30.00 cm
Ld =
88.687 cm
Usar Ld =
70.950 cm
<
Ldisp =
127.500 cm
210.00 Kg/cm2
223.2 Tn
343.38 Tn
Pnb =
Pn
642.6 Tn
<
conforme
Pnb
343.38
Xo =
A2 =
A1 =
3.3 mt
10.89 mt
0.36 mt
(A2/A1)^0,5
5.5
usar
Ao =
0.72
Pnb =
1285.2 Tn
<
Pn
Pnb
2.00
conforme
<
Pnb
usar Asmin =
a con varillas #8. El peso especfico del suelo es 2000 kg/m3, su carga de trabajo es 1.9 kg/cm2 y est sometido a la accin
: PD =90tn., PL=72 tn. , MDx=18tn-m. MLx=16.0 tn-m.
=210kg/cm2 y fy =4200 kg/cm2
mts.
mts.
Tn.
Tn.
kg/cm2.
mts.
Tn/m3.
kg/cm2.
kg/m2.
kg/cm2.
cmt
cm.
mts.
3.270
m2
0.85
0.90
OK !
cm2.
5.1
52
cm
5.1
52
conforme
cm
18.00 cm2
problema 3
disear la zapata conectada que soporta Ls columnas mostradas en la figura las cargas que provienen de las columnas son las siguientes la
columna c1= 40x40 cm y la columna c2=50 x 50 cm. El peso especifico del suelo es de 2100 kg/m3 su carga de trabajo es de 2 kg/cm2 y esta
sometido ala accion de una sobre carga de 500 kg/cm2 el concreto de l acolumna es 420kg/cm2 y de la zapata fc=210kg/cm2. fy=4200kg/cm2.
COL:
C1
C2
SECCION
X
40
40
X
50
50
S x T
PL
1
PD
20
38
tn
PL
12
18
tn
PL
2
S/C=500
kg/cm2
ht=
hc =
b2
b1
t1
t2
4.5
1.40
Df = 1.60
m = 2100
qa = 2.00
m
kg/m3
kg/cm2
Otros
S/C =
500
d(eje-eje)=
4.3
Columna
f'c=
420
kg/m
m
kg/cm
Fc =
fy=
ld = 0.08 * b * Fy
raiz(f 'c)
1.91
44
cm
cm
.004*b*fy =
32
cm
ld =
44
cm
r.e =
hc=
ht=
7.50
54.00
106.00
cm
cm
cm
qm =
#REF!
kg/cm
ld >= 0.004 * b * fy
Tomar
hc = ld + r.e + b
hm = Df - hc
OK
Mo = 0
20
32
Tn
20
30
Xo
0.00
Xo = ??
Lz / 2
e = Lz / 2 - Xo
Lz / 6
e < Lz/6
q1,2 = Rs * 1 6 * e
Lz
Lz
L = 2 x Xo
P1s =
P2s =
Rs =
Xo =
32 Tn
56 Tn
88 Tn
7.27 cm
Lz =
Lz / 2 =
e=
Lz / 6=
170.00 cm
85.00 cm
77.73 cm
28.3333333 cm
L=
B=
tomamos B =
B =(P1s +P2s)
15
cm
#REF!
cm
cm
85
qn x L
Como S/C = 500 kg/cm, Verificamos las presiones del suelo - ADICIONAL ( q 1,2 )
P1s =
20
26 Tn
20
30
Mo = 0
Xo
Xo = ??
0.00
P1s =
P2s =
R1s =
Xo1 =
e = Xo1 - Xo
q = Ps + Mc = Ps + Ps x e
Az I
26 Tn
56 Tn
82 Tn
6.34 cm
e=
q=
82000
-0.93
265
74531250
150
Un nuevo calculo
kg
cm
cm
cm
I = ( B x L^3 )/12
kg/cm2
P1s =
20
32 Tn
20
30
Mo = 0
Xo
470.00
Lz / 2
I=
cm4
OK !!
q = 20.60
P1s =
P2s =
R2s =
Xo =
e2 = Lz / 2 - Xo
Lz / 6
e2 < Lz/6
q1,2 = R2s * 1 6 * e2
Lz*B
Lz
B
32 Tn
47 Tn
79 Tn
287.72 cm
e=
q=
P1s =
0.2
qn = P1s + P2s
32 Tn
4.50
Az
qn =
Por unidad de Longitud
qm = qm1*B
221383.647798742
kg/m
( No amplificada )
+
-
-253937.1
kg
44276.73
qm =
+
0.1983
12276.73
kg
-309937.1
kg - m
5644.9
M
+
kg - m
4427.67
1.50 x Vu =
kg
F = ( 1.4 x D +
Vc = 0.53 x f ' c x b x d =
0.85 x Vc =
243932.3625
150 cm.
-632503.1515
216955.98
-948754.73
286979.25
OK !!
kg
d=
d=
kg
kg
h- ree
141 cm
F=
Vu < 0 x Vc
Vc = 0.53 x f ' c x b x d =
0.85 x Vc =
286979.25
243932.3625
kg
Vu < 0 x Vc
Vu < O x Vc
kg
CUMPLE !!
-616167.547169811
kg
kg
c =
bo = ( b + ,5*d ) + 2x( t + d ) =
Vc = 0.27 x 2 +
COLUMNA INTE
Vu = 1.50 x ( Pu
Vu =
El aporte del Con
412
cm
4 x f 'c x bo x d
c
Vc =
Vc =
1928661.39902345
1639362.18916993
kg
kg
Vc = 1.06 x f 'c x bo x d =
Vc =
Vc =
1261963.63145978
1261963.63
1072669.09
kg
kg
kg
CUMPLE !!
Vu < Vc
Mu =
qn x X^2
2
P1 x X
X x qn - P1 = 0
X=
P1
qn
X = 0.14 m
m
Mu=
4087.27 kg-m
Mu =
Calculo de As :
-4087.27
cm2
As = Mu / ( * fy * ( d - a/2 ))
a = As * fy / ( 0.85 * f 'c * B )
B=
265
cm2
d = 141
a=
2.77
As = -1.16
a = -0.1
As mn = 0.0018 * B * d
As > As mn OK !!
Ab
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e - b
n-1
r .e .e =
cm
(Valor Asumido)
Ab ( 3/4" ) =
# Varilla
(n)=
cm
Espaciam = -249
0 3/4" @
cm2
cm
cm2
As = -1.15
cm
Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85
# Varilla ( n ) = 24 cm
Espaciam = 11
As mn = 67.26
24
cm2
As
>
3/4" @
ASUMIR As mn !!
As mn
Mu =
qn x ( L )^2
2
Mu =
216955.97
L=
1.91
Calculo de As :
As = Mu / ( * fy * ( d - a/2 ))
a = As * fy / ( 0.85 * f 'c * B )
kg - m
m
1.4
Mu =
cm2
B=
265
cm2
d = 141
a=
0.18
216955.97
r .e .e =
cm2
cm2
cm
(Valor Asumido)
As = 61.10
a = 5.43
As mn = 0.0018 * B * d
As > As mn OK !!
Ab
# Varilla ( n ) = As
cm2
cm
Ab ( 3/4" ) =
# Varilla ( n ) =
cm
Espaciam = 12
22 3/4" @
cm2
As = 62.26
Ab
Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85
# Varilla ( n ) = 25 cm
Espaciam = 10
25
3/4" @
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e - b
n -1
As mn = 71.55
As
cm2
>
ASUMIR As mn
As mn
d/2
1.205
d/2
1.91
ZAPATA EXTERIOR
Pu
qn =
Az
Mu =
qn =
1.52
qnu x B x (L^2)
Mu =
B = 120.5
cm2
d = 141
a = 0.52
As = 2.18
a = 0.43
As = 2.18
cm2
r .e .e = 8
cm
cm2
cm
cm2
As mn = 32.54
kg/cm2
cm2
1159059.375
cm
db =
1.59
cm2
cm2
qn =
Mu =
qnu x B x (L^2)
2
Mu =
As = 3.44
cm
cm2
cm
cm
As mn = 51.57
c
m
2
r .e .e =
cm2
cm
cm2
cm
Pu
Az
B = 191
d = 141
a = 0.64
As = 3.45
a = 0.43
(Valor Asumido)
Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85
# Varilla ( n ) = 11
Espaciam = 10.00
11
3/4" @
qn =
cm2
# Var
Esp
18
kg
Pu = 48400
cm2
A1 = 1600
kg
* 0.85 * f 'c * A1 = 399840
# Varilla = As1
Ab
As col. > As mn OK !!
Pu = 83800
c
cm2
A1 = 2500
m
* 0.85 *2f 'c * A1 = 624750
kg
As mn =
# Varilla = As1
CUMPLE !!
Ab
As col. > As mn OK !!
d/2
d/2
24 3/4"@ 11cm
18 3/4"@ 10cm
11 3/4"@ 10cm
25 3/4"@ 10cm
11 3/4"@ 10cm
25 3/4"@ 10cm
65
cm
Asc = 2 * Astrv
( + 1 )
= Lado mayor Zapata
= 1.00
= 0.80
b (3/4") = 1.91
b (5/8") = 1.59
r.e.e = 7.50
= 1.00
fy = 4200
= 1.30
= 1.00
Longitud de desarrollo en traccin
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e.e - b
C = 6.50
ktr = 0
f'c = 210
n -1
Lv1 =
cm
10.00
10 cm
Ld =
132.50
65.05
Ld < Lv1
cm
106.00
54.00
Zapata
210 kg/cm
4200 kg/cm
P2s =
56
Tn
30
170.00
cm
Rs =
88
P2s =
30
Tn
56 Tn
170.00
cm
R1s =
82
Tn
-0.93
cm
62.47
kg/cm2
S EL ANCHO B"
3 )/12
1115370
cm4
P2s =
47 Tn
30
1.40
R2s =
79 Tn
-280.45
-2.42
P2s =
cm
kg/cm2
56 Tn
qm
140.00
221383.65
937.11
kg
937.11
kg
kg/m
kg - m
kg
x D + 1.7 x L )/( D + L )
Vc
1.5
Cumple !!
Vc
Cumple !!
LE !!
-680288.3
kg
A INTERIOR :
( Pu - qnu x m x n ) =
-680288.3 kg
el Concreto :
kg - m
db = 1.91
cm2
2.85
0
-249
cm2
cm
cm2
11
cm
14 5/8"@ 22cm
kg - m
db =
cm2
cm2
1.91
2.85
22
cm
12
cm
cm2
10
cm
As mn !!
d/2
cm2
ZAPATA INTERIOR
1.66 kg/cm2
1832012.31 tn-m
cm
8
8
cm2
db =
1.59
(Valor Asumido)
cm2
Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm
# Varilla ( n ) =
18
Espaciam =
10.00
cm
3/4" @
10
As mn = 8.00
OK !!
min
12.50
cm2
cm2
ximo
d/2
Ld1 =
2.5
q = ( C+kt r )/ b
q=
8.41
ONER 2.5 !!
rido
3/4"
/4"
m.
42
OK !!
cm