NOTES

Legend

11. For pumps operating above 316 degree C should be separately

considered - refer to Fire Code or relevant Documents.
12. High flash product tanks may be closer to facilities and equipment.
Crude oil stored in cone roof tanks require special consideration.
Refer to NFPA 30 for Tank Manual.

SS = Refer to Singapore Standard on tank separation & spacing.

MS = Minimum spacing of 61 metres or other consideration (see Note 5).
- = Meaning not relevant or not related directly.

ACC = Minimum access for personnel & maintenance are 0.8 metres & 1.2 metres respectively.
BC = Refer to Singapore Building Code & relevant documents.

11

Table 3.1: Separation and Spacing Table (distance in metre)

15
15
91
41

15
42

30
30
43

30
44

LPG = Refer to API Standards for LPG spacing to property line & NFPA 58.
FC = Fire Code & relevant documents.

Vapour recovery units

152
30
30
91
40

Other entrances

30
30
30
30
30
39

Motor highways

30
15
38

Entrance of the Main

Plant

8
91
30
15
37

Vehicle parking lots

15
30
91
30
30
15
36

Construction
site/area and material
Fire fighting training
area
Company residence
area

15
30
152
61
15
35

Fire house/brigade

LPG
34

Non-chemical/petroleum
warehouses

LPG spheres & drums

3
8
2
3
3
ACC
ACC ACC ACC ACC
3
3
ACC ACC 2
3
3
ACC ACC ACC 3
3
3
ACC ACC ACC ACC 3
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
27
28
29
30
31
32
33

Auxiliary - building,
shops, etc

Process reactors

Process drums

5
12
12
12
8
8
8
8
61
26

Process columns
(Towers)

MS
30 ACC
MS 15 ACC
MS 8
15
8
MS 15
15
15
MS 15
15
15
MS 8
15
15
MS 8
15
8
MS 8
15
8
MS 8
15
8
MS 8
15
15
MS 8
15
23
MS LPG 15
15
MS 15
30
91
61
46
91
61
30
MS 15
8
15
MS 8
15
91
91
91
91
91
61 ACC 46
MS 15
8
15
MS 15
3
15
MS 8
3
15
MS 15
15
8
22
23
24
25

Air-fan coolers

MS
8
8
15
15
15
8
8
15
15
15
15
21

Process heat
exchangers

15
MS
30
15
15
30
15
ACC
30
ACC
30
30
30
30
61
30
61
30
30
91
61
30
15
15
8
20

Process pumps

ACC
30
15
MS
30
15
15
30
30
8
30
15
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
91
61
30
30
15
19

Gas compressors

ACC
15
30
ACC
MS
30
ACC
23
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
61
30
30
30
15
91
15
8
15
15
15
18

14. For spacing of control building, refer to other Building Control

Code or relevant documents.

Furnaces

BC
15
30
30
ACC
91
61
ACC
46
61
30
30
61
61
61
61
61
61
BC
FC
BC
BC
152
BC
BC
BC
8
30
17

8. Tank trucks traffic to tank truck loading bays should not interfere
with process plant traffic.

16. For vehicle motor control centre, refer to electrical area classification
API document.

Process flares

BC
61
30
30
30
ACC
MS
30
ACC
15
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
61
15
BC
91
61
8
8
8
30
16

13. For the consideration of spacing from property lines that can be
built on:
- Residential commercial = as given.
- Industrial zoned properties = 1/2 distance given.

Flareline knock-out
drums
Motor vehicle control
centers
Plot limit manifolds
(piperack)

FC
3
30
30
ACC
MS
61
8
46
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
LPG
BC
FC
BC
BC
91
BC
BC
BC
BC
15
15

7. For wharves and piers, distance from hydrocarbon pumps,

manifolds, loading arms to process control rooms is greater.

15. For incineration-type vapour recovery units, the spacing requirement

should meet the furnace spacing requirement.

Wharves & piers

30
BC
8
3
30
BC BC
8
30
BC 8
23
15
3
8
30
8
8
15
8
8 ACC ACC
MS MS 30
8
15
8
15 ACC ACC
15
15
8
15
30
8
15
15
8
3
15
8
15
15
8
15
8
15
15
8
15
15
8
15
15
8
15
15
15
15
30
30
15
15
15
30
91 152
30
BC 8
15
15
30
15
15
30
15
15
3
12
13
14

Power & instrument

cables / Pole lines

ACC
15
15
8
61
15
30
ACC
30
30
8
MS
8
ACC
15
15
15
3
15
15
23
23
23
23
15
30
30
15
15
91
30
15
8
15
15
11

Process control room

ACC
8
15
15
8
61
30
61
ACC
30
30
MS
15
ACC
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
15
30
61
15
15
91
61
46
15
8
15
10

10. Tank pumps should be outside tankfield (tankfarm) dikes and

impounding basin. Pumps for tanks without dikes should be a
minimum of 15 metres horizontally from the tank.

4. For plot limit valves, they should be accessible from grade or from a
raised platform. Platform should be accessible by stairway and not
located over pipeway (piperack) drainage channel.

6. For main pipeways (piperack), triple spacing for pipe trenched.

Unrestricted plant
roads
Property lines of
others can be built on
Chemical
Warehouses
Office buildings for
process personnel
Primary fire water
pumps
Tank truck loading
bays

SS
15
8
15
8
8
8
61
30
15
15 ACC
61
30
15
8
61
30
15
8
3
15
8
15
30
15
15
8
15
8
5
3
15
3
61
15
15
61
30
30
8
15
61
30
61
15
15
61
61
23
8 ACC
30
15
30
8
30
61
15
30
8
30
8
8
23
2
MS 30
MS
MS
15
2
15
2
15
15 ACC 15
8 ACC
15
8 ACC 15
30
30
30
8
23
8
8
15
8
15
3
3
15
3
15
30
30
15
8
15
15
15
8
15
15
15
23
8
15
30
30
23
8
15
30
30
23
8
15
15
3
23
8
15
30
15
15
8
15
61
30
61
15
30
61
61
15
8
15
30
8
23
8
15
30
8
23
8
15
91
91
91
30
91
61
30
61
15
15
61
8
8
30
30
30
8
8
15
15
30
5
8
3
3
15
8
15
5
6
7
8
9

9. Spacing of office building for process personnel is based on the

potential explosions that can shatter glass, wood and other
construction materials susceptible to explosion and fire damage.
Single offices for field supervisors can be located in shops or control
buildings.

5. In fire water distribution, primary fire water pumps and their spares
should be 61 metres from process equipment when spaced together.
Individual pumps 61 metres apart may be within 30 metres of the
process units.

Oily water separator

Main electrical substation

Utility boilers & power
generators
Plant instrument air
compressor & dryer

Process cooling towers

SS
15
2
61
8
30
30
30
15
23
30
61
61
30
30
8
MS
8
15
15
46
8
3
30
15
15
30
30
LPG
23
61
61
30
30
91
61
30
15
15
4

Main piperack

SS
SS
15
2
61
8
30
30
30
15
23
SS
30
61
61
30
30
8
MS
8
15
15
46
8
3
30
15
15
30
30
LPG
23
61
61
30
30
91
61
30
15
15
3

3. For spacing of flares, the minimum distance from flares is

determined by calculations for tolerable radiant heat at the point
closest to the flame where frequent occupancy by personnel is
required. However, the minimum distance to equipment of handling
flammable fluids should not be less than 61 metres (except equipment
directly related to the system and normally located near base of the
stack).

2. Need to provide a 6 metres minimum vertical space between

overhead air coolers and the top of pumps handling flammable or
combustible liquids.

Tank field dikes

30
30
61
61
30
15
8
30
61
23
15
15
8
46
30
91
61
30
30
23
61
ACC
15
8
ACC
61
15
91
30
15
30
91
91
46
30
15
15
2

Product storage tanks

23
30
30
61
61
30
15
8
23
46
23
15
15
8
30
30
91
61
30
30
15
61
ACC
15
8
ACC
61
15
91
30
15
23
91
91
46
30
15
15
1

1. For the spacing between the near edge of a road to a high- or lowhazard plants ( the road bordering a main pipeway (piperack) and highor low-hazard plants) may be reduced to 1.5 metres. All roads closer
than 8 metres to high- or low- hazard plants are considered restricted
roads.

Floating roof/crude oil

storage tanks
Remote impounding
basin

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45

Process unit equipment set

backline (Lo hazard <34 bar)
Process unit equipment set
backline (Hi hazard >34 bar)

Equipment set back lines are used to establish plant spacing. They should clearly defined on all plot plans. The plot limit lines, which delineate the near edge of adjacent roads are not used to establish plant spacing.

45