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Howtodeterminethenumberofshellpasses

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HOW TO DETERMINE THE

NUMBER OF SHELL PASSES IN
SHELL AND TUBE HEAT
EXCHANGERS

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WeBBusterZ | March 6, 2015 | Heat Exchangers | No Comments

This short articles describes how to find how many shells needed in
series that would be sufficient to perform the duty required.
Contents [hide]
1 How to I know if I need more than one
shell?
2 How to determine the number of shell
passes?
2.1 References:

HOW TO I KNOW IF I NEED MORE THAN

ONE SHELL?
To answer this lets assume the following parameters;
Th,in Inlet Temperature of the Hot Fluid
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Howtodeterminethenumberofshellpasses

Th,out Outlet Temperature of the Hot Fluid

SpiralCrimped
FinnedTubes
FinCoils(Only
Fins)

tc,in Inlet Temperature of the Cold Fluid

tc,out Outlet Temperature of the Cold Fluid
First check if the limitations below are approached.
2 Th,out tc,in + tc,out (if the Hot fluid on the Shell side)

marathefintubes.com

2 tc,out Th,in + Th,out (if the Cold fluid on the Shell side)

LeadingManufacturers&Exporterso
FinnedTubesinMS,SS,GI,Copper

If the limits are approached then you will need to use multiple shells in
series

HeatExchanger,
ATS

HOW TO DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF

SHELL PASSES?
Plot the terminal temperatures of the Hot and Cold streams on a graph
paper. Your X-Axis should represent the Duty and your Y-Axis should

Biogas
Engineering

represent the Temperature. (see figure below), Assuming the red line is
linking the shell side hot terminal temperatures and the blue line is
linking the tube side terminal temperatures.

TTZGermany

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Overpressure
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Classification of heat
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Plot your terminal temperatures on the chart, then draw a horizontal

What is Shell and Tube Heat

Exchanger

lines as shown in the figure below

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Recommended Shell and Tube
side velocities

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How to use shell and tube heat

exchanger software effectively

TAGS
calculating the heat duty
centrifugal compressors
classification of heat
exchangers
co-current flow

compressors

condenser design
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heat duty

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Heat exchanger designation

Starting with the cold fluid outlet temperature, a horizontal line is laid
off until it interceptsthe hot fluid line. From that point, a vertical line is
drawn to the cold fluid temperature.
The number of shells in series is equal to the number of horizontal lines
that is clearly sufficient to perform the duty. The processis repeated
until a vertical line intercepts the cold fluid operating line at or below
the cold fluidinlet temperature.

Heat exchangers
heat transfer
leakage

indicates the number of Shells required in series.

Hope this short article is helpful in identifying this issue during design of
shell and tube heat exchangers.

REFERENCES:
Kuppan Thulukkanam, Heat Exchanger Design Handbook, Second
Edition, 2013, CRC Press
Keywords: number of shell passes, number of shells, shell passes

latent heat

LMTD

Log mean temperature

difference
number of shell passes

number of
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So the number of horizontal lines represented in the example above

heat load

shells Accept

overpressure

parallel flow

plate heat exchanger

pressure drop

pressure relief

Reciprocating compressors
sensible heat
shell and tube condenser
shell and tube heat exchanger
shell passes

SpiralCrimpedFinnedTubes

shell side pressure drop

LeadingManufacturers&ExportersofFinnedTubesinMS,SS,GI,Copper

shell side velocity

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ABOUT THE AUTHOR

WeBBusterZ
Khaled Aljundi Author and developer of all
webbusterz engineering software MSc. BEng
Chemical Engineering / Applications
Developer WeBBusterZ Engineering Software
http://www.webbusterz.com http://www.webbusterz.net

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GENERAL

COMPRESSORS
A GENERAL
GUIDELINE

COMMON
CAUSES OF

WHAT IS HEAT

HOW TO

TRANSFER

CALCULATE THE

OVERPRESSURE

LOG MEAN
TEMPERATURE
DIFFERENCE

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