The Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology: Chapter 1 Practice Tes...

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A group of cells of the same type form

a(n):

tissue.

organ.
organism.
atom.
tissue.
organ system.
Which system complements the
circulatory system and involves the
spleen?
The urinary system.
The lymphatic system.
The digestive system.
The endocrine system.
The reproductive system.

The lymphatic system.

The lymphatic system complements the
circulatory system by returning blood
back to the blood vessels, and consists of
lymph nodes, lymph vessels, and
lymphoid organs such as the spleen and
tonsils.

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A group of tissues working together for a

specific function form a(n):

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organ.

organ.
organism.
positive feedback system.
organ system.
organelle.
Which of the following statements
regarding responsiveness, or irritability,
is FALSE?
Responsiveness, or irritability, is a
necessary life function.
All body cells are irritable to some
extent.
Because nerve cells are slightly irritable
and communicate rapidly with each
other via hormones, the nervous system
bears the major responsibility for
responsiveness.
You do not need to think about
responsiveness, such as involuntarily
pulling your hand away from a painful
stimulus.
None of the statements is false.
The ability of the body to maintain a
relatively stable internal environment is
referred to as:
equilibrium.
homeostasis.
metabolism.
negative feedback.
positive feedback.

Because nerve cells are slightly irritable

and communicate rapidly with each
other via hormones, the nervous system
bears the major responsibility for
responsiveness.

homeostasis.
This refers to maintaining a relatively
stable internal environment even though
the outside world is continuously
changing.

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The anatomical term meaning away

from the midline is

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lateral.

distal.
inferior.
lateral.
medial.
proximal.
The anatomical term meaning close to
the point of attachment of a limb to the
body trunk is:

proximal.

distal.
inferior.
lateral.
medial.
proximal.
The anatomical term meaning farther
from the point of attachment of a limb to
the body trunk is:

distal.

distal.
inferior.
lateral.
medial.
anterior.
The anatomical term meaning toward
the lower part of a structure is
distal.
inferior.
lateral.
medial.
anterior.

inferior.
This means toward the lower part of the
body or structure.

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The anatomical term meaning toward

the midline of the body is

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medial.

distal.
inferior.
lateral.
medial.
anterior.
Growth, reproduction, and food use at
the cellular level are partially controlled
by hormones released by organs from
which of the following systems that also
act(s) relatively slowly?

The endocrine system.

The digestive system.

The reproductive system.
The endocrine system.
The nervous system.
A and B.
The scientific discipline that investigates
the body's structure and shape is called:

anatomy.

anatomy.
embryology.
endocrinology.
histology.
physiology.
The anatomical position is characterized
by all of the following EXCEPT:
Body erect.
Palms turned posteriorly.
Arms at sides.
Thumbs pointed laterally.
Feet parallel.

Palms turned posteriorly.

This DOES NOT characterize the
anatomical position: palms should be
facing forward.

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Which body system is most closely

associated with information assessment?

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Nervous.

Endocrine.
Integumentary.
Lymphatic.
Nervous.
Reproductive.
Which body system is most closely
associated with the support and
protection of the body organs?

Skeletal.

Endocrine.
Integumentary.
Lymphatic.
Nervous.
Skeletal.
Which of the following statements
regarding homeostatic control
mechanisms is/are true?
The effector is usually a type of sensor
that monitors and responds to changes
in the environment.
Information in homeostatic control
mechanisms flows from the receptor to
the control center via the efferent
pathway.
The control center determines the set
point at which a variable is to be
maintained, analyzes the information it
receives, and then determines the
appropriate response or course of
action.
Information flows from the control
center to the effector along the afferent
pathway.
A and B.

The control center determines the set

point at which a variable is to be
maintained, analyzes the information it
receives, and then determines the
appropriate response or course of
action.

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Which body system is most closely

associated with transport and delivery?

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Cardiovascular.

Cardiovascular.
Integumentary.
Nervous.
Reproductive.
Respiratory.
Which body system is most closely
associated with the production of
offspring?

Reproductive.

Endocrine.
Integumentary.
Lymphatic.
Nervous.
Reproductive.
Which body system is most closely
associated with the slow (long term)
control of bodily activities?

Endocrine.

Endocrine.
Integumentary.
Lymphatic.
Nervous.
Reproductive.
Which of the following best illustrates
the increasing levels of complexity?
(1) Cells; (2) Organs; (3) Organelles; (4)
Organism; (5) Tissues; (6) Organ
systems

3, 1, 5, 2, 6, 4.

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
2, 4, 3, 5, 1, 6.
4, 3, 5, 6, 1, 2.
3, 1, 5, 2, 6, 4.
1, 5, 3, 2, 6, 4.

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A transverse plane divides the body into

_______ segments.

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superior and inferior

equal right and left

right and left
anterior and posterior
superior and inferior
both right and left and anterior and
posterior segments
Anatomical position is:
a term used by artists referring to facing
front and posing.
unimportant as a term of reference.
the position in which the body is erect,
facing front with feet parallel and arms
hanging at the sides with the palms
facing forward.
the position in which the body is lying
prone (face down) with feet parallel and
arms by the sides.
the position in which the body is erect,
facing forward with feet parallel and
arms hanging at the sides with palms
facing backward.
The cheeks are ____ to the tongue.

the position in which the body is erect,

facing front with feet parallel and arms
hanging at the sides with the palms
facing forward.

lateral

proximal
lateral
medial
inferior
dorsal

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Which of the following statements

regarding feedback mechanisms is/are
FALSE?

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Blood clotting is an example of a typical

negative feedback mechanism.

Positive feedback mechanisms tend to

increase the original stimulus and to
push the variable farther from its
original value.
In negative feedback mechanisms, the
net effect of the responses to the
stimulus is to shut off the original
stimulus or reduce its intensity.
Positive feedback mechanisms control
infrequent events that occur
"explosively."
Blood clotting is an example of a typical
negative feedback mechanism.
When the body is subject to physical
trauma, such as in an automobile
accident, which organs are the most
vulnerable to injury (homeostatic
imbalance)?

Abdominal organs in the abdominal

cavity.

Abdominal organs in the abdominal

cavity.
Pelvic organs in the abdominopelvic
cavity.
Heart and lungs in the thoracic cavity.
The brain in the cranial cavity.
The spinal cord within the spinal cavity.
The axillary region is in the:

armpit.

back of the knee.

mouth.
armpit.
shoulder.
knee.

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Metabolism is:
a broad term that refers to all the
chemical reactions that occur in the
body.
a term that refers to the chemical
reactions where larger structures are
made from smaller ones (synthesis).
the term that refers only to the process
of breaking down ingested food into
simple molecules that can then be
absorbed into the blood for delivery to
all body cells.
a term that refers to the chemical
reactions where large molecules are
broken down into smaller ones.
the ability to sense changes (stimuli) in
the environment and then to react to
them.
Which of the following is NOT an
anterior body landmark?

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a broad term that refers to all the

chemical reactions that occur in the
body.

Olecranal.

Coxal.
Crural.
Buccal.
Olecranal.
Acromial.
The _______ is the body's slow-acting
control system and acts by means of
_______.

endocrine system; hormones

endocrine system; hormones

muscular system; contraction
nervous system; hormones
lymphatic system; lymphocytes and
macrophages
nervous system; electrical and chemical
signals

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If you wish to make a drawing of a

section through the human body that
showed the heart and both of the lungs,
your section could be in which of the
following planes?
(1) Frontal (coronal); (2) Transverse; (3)
Sagittal

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1 and 2.

1 only.
2 only.
3 only.
1 and 2.
2 and 3.
The right and left _______ regions
flank the epigastric region and contain
the lower ribs.

hypochondriac
They are just above the lumbar regions.

epigastric
hypochondriac
iliac
lumbar
hypogastric
Place the following in correct sequence
from simplest to most complex:
(1) Molecules; (2) Atoms; (3) Tissues;
(4) Cells; (5) Organ

2-1-4-3-5.
This places the structures in the correct
sequence from simplest to most
complex.

1-2-3-4-5.
2-1-4-3-5.
2-1-3-4-5.
1-2-4-3-5.
5-4-3-2-1.

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The term medial is

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a direction toward or at the midline of

the body.

a direction toward or at the midline of

the body.
a term referring to a direction away
from the midline of the body.
refers to a direction farther from the
origin of a body part or the point of
attachment of a limb to the body part.
a term referring to the front of the body.
a term referring to the superior (cranial
or cephalad) direction.
The thoracic body cavity:

is the superior cavity in the ventral

cavity.

is made up of the cranial and spinal

cavities.
is made up of two subcavities.
is the superior cavity in the ventral
cavity.
is the dorsal cavity.
is posterior to the dorsal body cavity.
Which of the following is NOT a
necessary life function?

Thinking.

Maintaining boundaries.
Movement.
Thinking.
Responsiveness.
Reproduction.
Which of these is found in the dorsal
body cavity?
Liver.
Brain.
Kidneys.
Heart.
Lungs.

Brain.
The brain and spinal column are both
found in the dorsal cavity.

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Which of the following statements is

FALSE?

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The digestive system, reproductive

system, and endocrine system are
examples of organs.

Tissues consist of groups of similar cells

that have a common function.
Atoms are the building blocks of matter,
and combine to form molecules.
The digestive system, reproductive
system, and endocrine system are
examples of organs.
An organ is made up of two or more
tissue types.
Organ systems make up the living body
or the organism.
Which of the following is NOT true of a
sagittal plane?

A sagittal section divides the body into

anterior and posterior parts.

A sagittal section is a cut made along the

lengthwise, or longitudinal, plane of the
body dividing the body into right and
left parts.
A sagittal section divides the body into
anterior and posterior parts.
A midsagittal plane divides the body into
equal right and left parts.
A median plane is another name for a
midsagittal plane.
Both the sagittal and coronal planes
represent a cut made along a lengthwise
plane.

A coronal plane divides the body into

anterior and posterior parts.

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Which of the following is NOT true of

the skeletal system?

Bones are not necessary for efficient

movement.

The skeletal system consists of bones,

cartilages, ligaments, and joints.
Bones are not necessary for efficient
movement.
The skeletal system has a protective
function.
Hematopoiesis (formation of blood
cells) occurs within the cavities of the
skeleton.
The hard substance of bones acts as a
storehouse for minerals.

The skeletal system supports the body

and provides a framework that the
skeletal muscles can use to cause
movement.

Which term is defined as being close to

the origin of the body part or the point
of attachment of a limb to the body
trunk?

Proximal.

Superior, cranial, or cephalad.

Intermediate.
Distal.
Proximal.
Superficial.

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