Structural Design (SD)

2.5M WALL MOUNT_LAMP POST

G4623
TAGUIG-W @ 5TH BLDG

Proposed Structure
Zone II, Exposure C
SD Rev. No. 00
Report Version No. MSDC-SD-BP-2-2015

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. TOWER INFORMATION
3.

DESIGN PARAMETERS AND SPECIFICATIONS

3.1
Basic Wind Speed:
3.2
Design Level Conditions/Load Combinations
a. Strength Limit State:
a.1 Load Combination under Strength Limit States:
b. Serviceability Limit State:
b.1 Load Combination under Serviceability Limit States:
3.3 Structure Classification/Importance Factor
3.4 Structure Category/Wind Direction Probability Factor
3.5. Local Code Requirement: Structure Occupancy
3.6. Topographic Category
3.7. Wind Velocity Pressure/Direction Factor
3.8 Material Properties/Selection of Materials

3. DESIGN ANALYSIS
4.1 Method/Model of Analysis
4.2 TOWER GEOMETRY/ KEY ANALYSIS
4.3 DESIGN CONSIDERATION
4.4 DESIGN LOADS
a. Dead Load
b. Wind Load
c. Summary of Wind Load at Appurtenances
d. Application of Forces [for dead loads, wind loads & the load effect of load
factors/combinations]
4.5 DESIGN ALLOWABLE
a. Allowable Shear Capacity
b. Steel Requirement for Flexural Stresses/shrinkage & Temperature
4.6 DESIGN COMPUTATION
a. Microsoft Excel based customized Loading Calculation
b. Microsoft Excel based customized Connections Design
4.7 DESIGN / INVESTIGATION REPORT
a. Computer Software Generated Output
b. Results and Findings
c. Conclusions and Recommendations
5. SPECIAL DESIGN REQUIREMENT
6. REFERENCES

Prepared By: Engr. Henjie T. Mirasol

PRC No. 101261

Page 1 of 14

Structural Design (SD)

2.5M WALL MOUNT_LAMP POST
G4623
TAGUIG-W @ 5TH BLDG

Proposed Structure
Zone II, Exposure C
SD Rev. No. 00
Report Version No. MSDC-SD-BP-2-2015

1. INTRODUCTION
This structural design analysis was conducted for SMART Project: 3G RO PHASE 4A - BGC
ENHANCEMENT and the design parameters, specification and loadings of the given type of structure is in
compliance to the provision of TIA/ANSI-222-G. However the Importance Factor of the site corresponds to
its vicinity, the checking on the local structural code, NSCP C101-10 (6th Edition) where the structure is going
to built deemed necessary.
The design criteria of the given structure were followed the specified minimum shape and tower type of
TIA/ANSI-222-G, Sec 4.0 (based on AISC_LRFD_99). Otherwise, the minimum of the latest AISC Code is
used to stress check the capacity of members from any combination of loads under strength level condition.
And the serviceability requirement of SMART Specifications of the entire system against radial deformation
(twist) and lateral movement (side sway) in the given wind directions under service load.

2. TOWER INFORMATION
Type

Single Pole (ZONE II, EXPOSURE C)

Description

All Main-Structural components of the pole structure will have the configuration of
Pipe.
Height of Pole is 2.5M
Base spread width of main diagonal braces are both N.A.
With Reinforced Concrete Wall for joining the Roofdeck existing structural members.
This Rooftop Pole is a Post-Install Rod Drilling for connections on Existing
Concrete Deck; Cast-In-Place Anchor Bolts are used to extend the tension stress to
the Proposed Concrete Platform (Frame).

3. DESIGN PARAMETERS AND SPECIFICATIONS

3.1

Basic Wind Speed:

The basic wind speed, V, corresponds to a 3-second gust speed at 10 m above the ground in exposure
category C for a 50 year-mean recurrence interval.
V- Basic Wind Speed @ 200 kph (Zone II)
a. Wind General Definition:
Wind shall be considered to come from any horizontal direction per TIA/ANSI-222-G.

3.2

Design Level Conditions/Load Combinations

a. Strength Limit State:

Prepared By: Engr. Henjie T. Mirasol

PRC No. 101261

Page 2 of 14

Structural Design (SD)

2.5M WALL MOUNT_LAMP POST
G4623
TAGUIG-W @ 5TH BLDG

Proposed Structure
Zone II, Exposure C
SD Rev. No. 00
Report Version No. MSDC-SD-BP-2-2015

This structure designed to this standard shall have sufficient strength and stability such that the design
strength, Rn, equals or exceeds the required strength, iQi, expresed as:
Rn iQi
a.1 Load Combination under Strength Limit States:
The Structure and its foundation shall be designed so that their design strength equals or exceeds the
load effects of the factored loads in each of the following load combinations (TIA/ANSI-222-G,
Section 2.3.2).
Perhaps the exception from the code is applied, where the clients engineering and the structural
engineer (Mirasol Structural Design & Consultancy) both agreed; as long the thorough check from
the code selected load combinations were established; as the towers stability and public safety is the
primary concern. Therefore, the load combinations are as follows:
1.) 1.2DL + 1.6WL
2.) 0.9DL + 1.6WL
3.) 1.4DL
b. Serviceability Limit State:
This structure designed to this Standard (TIA/ANSI-222-G) shall have sufficient rigidity such that the
limit state deformations defined in section 2.8.2 are not exceeded under the service loads defined in
section 2.8.3.
Limit State Deformation: The deformations under service loads at any point on a structure, unless
otherwise required, shall not exceed the given degrees and slope of the code. However clients
requirement for degree and slope shall not exceed the following:
1. A rotation of 0.5-degree about the vertical axis (twist).
2. A horizontal displacement of 0.5-degree of the height of the structure.
3. Considering the existing tower/structure, the same shall not be exceed to 1-degree.
b.1 Load Combination under Serviceability Limit States:
The service loads shall be defined by the following loading combination with Dead Load and the
Operational Wind Speed of 70% of Survival Wind Speed were denoted here as Wo, expressed as:
1.) 1.0D + 1.0Wo
Note: Survival Wind Speed shall be the Basic Wind Speed of the code.
The horizontal wind forces for determining service loads shall be based on an importance factor, Iw,
of 1.0, and a directionality factor, Kd, of 0.85 for all structures. The velocity pressure coefficient, Kz,
the gust effect factor, Gh, and the topographic factor, Kzt, shall be equal to the values for the strength
limit state condition.

Prepared By: Engr. Henjie T. Mirasol

PRC No. 101261

Page 3 of 14

Structural Design (SD)

2.5M WALL MOUNT_LAMP POST
G4623
TAGUIG-W @ 5TH BLDG

Proposed Structure
Zone II, Exposure C
SD Rev. No. 00
Report Version No. MSDC-SD-BP-2-2015

3.3 Structure Classification/Importance Factor

Structure Classification:
Structure shall be classified according to Table 2-1 of TIA/ANSI-222-G, for the purpose of
determining nominal wind, ice and earthquake loads.
Classification: II (Substantial Hazard)
Importance Factor:
For strength level of the design, importance factor shall be 1.15
3.4 Structure Category/Wind Direction Probability Factor
Structure Category

: Pole

Wind Direction Probability Factor

: For Pole structure, Kd shall be 0.95; where, for

appurtenance shall be 0.95 of the same (see also sect. 3.2).

3.5. Local Code Requirement: Structure Occupancy

Occupancy:

Essential/Special Occupancy

3.6. Topographic Category

Category 1:

No abrupt changes in general topography, e.g. flat or rolling terrain no wind speed-up
consideration shall be required.

Topographic Factor, Kzt:

The tower is located at flat and scattered obstruction of house and trees, a topographic factor under
Category 1. Therefore,
Kzt is equal to 1.0
Exposure Category:
For this design, considering it a urban and suburban areas, wooded areas, or other terrain with
numerous closely spaced obstructions having the size of single-family dwellings or larger, under
exposure Category C.
3.7. Wind Velocity Pressure/Direction Factor
The wind velocity pressure, qz, evaluated at height z, are expressed as:
qz = 0.613 Kz Kzt Kd V^2 Iw
V=
[ m/sec ]

[ N/m^2 ]

Velocity Pressure Coefficient, Kz:

Based on the exposure category being determined, a velocity pressure coefficient (Kz) shall be
determined as follows:

Prepared By: Engr. Henjie T. Mirasol

PRC No. 101261

Page 4 of 14

Structural Design (SD)

2.5M WALL MOUNT_LAMP POST
G4623
TAGUIG-W @ 5TH BLDG

Proposed Structure
Zone II, Exposure C
SD Rev. No. 00
Report Version No. MSDC-SD-BP-2-2015

Kz = 2.01 (Z/Zg)^ (2/)

Kz min Kz 2.01
Wind Direction Factors:
Shape
Normal
Pipe (Dr)
1.0
Angle (Df)
1.0

Square
45 deg
1 + 0.75 (1.2 max)
1 + 0.75 (1.2 max)

Normal
1.0
1.0

Triangular
60
0.80
1.0

90
0.85
1.0

3.8 Material Properties/Selection of Materials

Tower Member Specification shall conform with the minimum material requirement of ASTM specs.
Structural Steel Pipes*
Standard
Tensile Strength:
Yield Strength

:
A53 Gr.B OR EQUIVALENT
Fu = 414 Mpa
:
Fy = 241 Mpa

Structural Plates*
Standard Mild Steel
Tensile Strength:
Yield Strength

:
A36 OR EQUIVALENT
Fu = 400 Mpa
:
Fy = 248 Mpa

Structural Bolts**
Standard High Tensile :
A325-09a Type 1 (Galvanized) OR EQUIVALENT
Tensile Strength:
Fu = 800 Mpa
Yield Strength
:
Fy = 640 Mpa
Concrete Reinforcement
Standard High Tensile :
A615, Gr. 60/ PNS 415 [ 16mm RSB ]
Tensile Strength:
Fu = 610Mpa
Yield Strength
:
Fy = 415 Mpa
Standard Intermediate :
A615, Gr. 40/ PNS 275 [ > 16mm RSB ]
Tensile Strength:
Fu = 420 Mpa
Yield Strength
:
Fy = 275 Mpa
Concrete Materials***
Standard Normal Concrete
Compressive Strength

:
:

Type-3 Portland Cement ASTM C150

21 Mpa @ 28Days in Standard Cylinder Test, ASTM
C39/C39M

Note:

Prepared By: Engr. Henjie T. Mirasol

PRC No. 101261

Page 5 of 14

Structural Design (SD)

2.5M WALL MOUNT_LAMP POST
G4623
TAGUIG-W @ 5TH BLDG

Proposed Structure
Zone II, Exposure C
SD Rev. No. 00
Report Version No. MSDC-SD-BP-2-2015

*All structural members shall be Hot-Dip Galvanized (HDG) and conform to ASTM
A123-09.
**Nuts & washers shall be the standard for A325 (Type 1) Bolt and conform to A563
and F436, respectively. Galvanizing conform to ASTM F2329-05.
***Specified for Early Strength for Rooftop Construction.
Connections:
Shall be designed in accordance with designer's design stresses: for members in the joint and to the
support reactions. The fabricator(s) shall submit fabrication drawing, catalogue or brochure showing
the product's mechanical properties [strength] for designer's approval of the connection's details and
style.
However, the designers have the minimum criteria for the connections and restrictions on joining
and/or splicing location, due to maintain its performance for strength and service.
4. DESIGN ANALYSIS
4.1 Method/Model of Analysis
Method of Analysis:
Load effects on individual structural members shall be determined by methods of structural analysis
that take into account equilibrium, general stability, geometric compatibility and material properties.
Model of Analysis:
An elastic three-dimensional beam-column model made up of straight members producing moment,
shear forces.
Application of Wind Forces:
For Latticed Structures, the horizontal design wind force on the structure, FST, shall be equally
distributed to each leg joint of the cross-section at the panel points for three-dimensional truss or
frame-truss models.
The horizontal design wind force, FA, for appurtenances shall be distributed to each leg joint
according to the location of the appurtenance (i.e. lateral load and torsion considered).
Local bending shall be considered for structural components supporting appurtenances that are
supported in the middle half of the component. For main bracing members, under this condition, local
bending shall be considered for the condition of wind normal to the plane of the bracing members
with no axial member load considered.
Note:

Weight and earthquake forces shall be distributed and considered in a similar

manner.
4.2 TOWER GEOMETRY/ KEY ANALYSIS

Prepared By: Engr. Henjie T. Mirasol

PRC No. 101261

Page 6 of 14

Structural Design (SD)

2.5M WALL MOUNT_LAMP POST
G4623
TAGUIG-W @ 5TH BLDG

Proposed Structure
Zone II, Exposure C
SD Rev. No. 00
Report Version No. MSDC-SD-BP-2-2015

Fig.01 2.3M BIPOD ISOMETRIC VIEW

1NOS RF PANEL
ANTENNAS

89MM MAIN
POST
SCH 40

Fig. 02 2.2M BIPOD 3D ISOMETRIC

4.3 DESIGN CONSIDERATION
Stresses are calculated herein with the Wind directions at Normal to face of Panel Antennas .
The POLE is designed to develop a maximum stresses under mounting supports of Antennas in
Frame configuration (see also Notes on Wind load forces in the Summary of Wind load for
Appurtenances).

Prepared By: Engr. Henjie T. Mirasol

PRC No. 101261

Page 7 of 14

Structural Design (SD)

2.5M WALL MOUNT_LAMP POST
G4623
TAGUIG-W @ 5TH BLDG

Proposed Structure
Zone II, Exposure C
SD Rev. No. 00
Report Version No. MSDC-SD-BP-2-2015

DESIGN LOADS
a. Dead Load [Gravity Load]
The self-weight of the tower is increased in magnitude with the factor of 1.25 and the appurtenances
to the total weight. This is due to the essential weights assumed to cover connection ancillary. Cable
and Ladder where not assumed in the dead load for the tower since of direct load distribution into its
separate supports.
Note: For foundation design dead load shall be the weight of soil and substructure.
RF Antenna Dead Load: 15kgs
b. Wind Load [Lateral Load]
Most of the considerations in the design, equations and formulas (used to compute wind loads),
tables, graphs and appendices for the reference of this analysis are based in the T1A/ANSI-222-G
standard Code. Hence,
Effective Projected Area, EPAs = Cf Ap
Design Wind Force, FST = qz Gh EPAs [Tower]
Design Wind Force, FA = qz Gh EPAs [Appurtenance]
Gust Effect Factor shall be based on the type of structure as to be selected in the TIA Section 2.6.7
were followed:
0.85 for Lattice Structures
0.85 for Microwave Antenna(e)
1.0 for Discrete Appurtenances
1.1 for Monopole or Bipod
The Total Design Wind Load (or the Equivalent Static Force) is
FW = FST + FA
c. Summary of Wind Load for Appurtenances
Note:

See "Summary of Wind Load for Appurtenances", for other factors that being
considered in the designed dead loads and wind loads for the appurtenance.

d. Application of Forces

Prepared By: Engr. Henjie T. Mirasol

PRC No. 101261

Page 8 of 14

Structural Design (SD)

2.5M WALL MOUNT_LAMP POST
G4623
TAGUIG-W @ 5TH BLDG

Proposed Structure
Zone II, Exposure C
SD Rev. No. 00
Report Version No. MSDC-SD-BP-2-2015

4.5 DESIGN ALLOWABLE

a. Allowable Shear Capacity
Shearing Stress Capacity shall be based on the NSCP 6th Edition provision for shearing strength,
expressed as:
Vn Vu
Where Vu is factored shear force at section considered and Vn is nominal shear strength, computed
by:
Vn = Vc + Vs
Where Vc is nominal shear strength provided by concrete in accordance with section 411.4 or
section 411.5, and Vs is nominal shear strength provided by shear reinforcement in accordance
with section 411.6.6.
- Slab-to-Beam & Wall Considering the shear strength capacity is provided only by concrete, Vn shall be equal to Vc and Vc
is equal to 0.17**fc' for slab-to-beam and 5/6**fc' for wall. To simplify Vc for all structural
elements having this combinations, shear strength capacity will be:
Vc = 0.17**fc'
Let is equal to 1.0 [for Normal Weight Concrete] and equal to 0.75 as the strength reduction
factor. Therefore, allowable shearing stress capacity for the structural elements is:
0.17*1*sqrt (21)*0.75, or 0.779*0.75 = 0.584N/mm^2 (3000psi)
[0.17*1*sqrt (27.8)*0.75, or 0.896*0.75 = 0.672N/mm^2 (4000psi)]
- Plate/Flat Slab/Mat Foundation For Slabs (or plate/ flat slab/mat foundation with uniform thickness) supported by columns
having ratio of long to short sides not greater than 2, considering the shear strength capacity is
provided only by concrete, Vn shall be equal to Vc and Vc is equal to 0.33**fc'. But Vc
shall be equal to 0.17**fc' where the ratio of long to short sides of the columns becomes very
large. Except that no reinforcement is used for shear:
Vc = 0.33**fc'

Prepared By: Engr. Henjie T. Mirasol

PRC No. 101261

Page 9 of 14

Structural Design (SD)

2.5M WALL MOUNT_LAMP POST
G4623
TAGUIG-W @ 5TH BLDG

Proposed Structure
Zone II, Exposure C
SD Rev. No. 00
Report Version No. MSDC-SD-BP-2-2015

Let is equal to 1.0, for [Normal Weight Concrete] and equal to 0.75 as the strength reduction
factor. Therefore, allowable shearing stress capacity for the structural elements is
0.33*1*sqrt(21)*0.75, or 1.512*0.75 = 1.134N/mm^2 (3000psi)
[0.33*1*sqrt(27.8)*0.75, or 1.740*0.75 = 1.305N/mm^2 (4000psi)]
b. Steel Requirement for Flexural Stresses/shrinkage & Temperature
- Plate/Flat Slab/Mat Foundation The design for plate involves determination of the reinforcement for moments Mx and My at the
centroid of the element. The reinforcement calculated to resist Mx is called longitudinal
reinforcement, and is denoted in the STAAD output by the expression "LONG. REINF." The
reinforcement calculated to resist My is called transverse reinforcement, and is denoted in the STAAD
output by the expression "TRANS. REINF".
Sign Convention:

The rules applicable for design of a beam for flexure are used in calculating the steel areas. The width
used in this calculation is a unit width of the element. For here, a 1-meter strip is considered. For
determination of effective depth, the steel for longitudinal moment (Mx) is assumed to be the outer l
ayer, and the steel for transverse moment (My) is the inner layer. Moments shall be determine from
all the active load cases and to find the maxima between these moments:
Maximum Negative Mx
Maximum Positive Mx
Maximum Negative My
Maximum Positive My

Prepared By: Engr. Henjie T. Mirasol

PRC No. 101261

Page 10 of 14

Structural Design (SD)

2.5M WALL MOUNT_LAMP POST
G4623
TAGUIG-W @ 5TH BLDG

Proposed Structure
Zone II, Exposure C
SD Rev. No. 00
Report Version No. MSDC-SD-BP-2-2015

If the reinforcement required to resist the maximum moment (Mx & Mx, negative and
positive) is
less than the capacity of the element with minimum reinforcement, only minimum reinforcement is
provided. NSCP 6th ed., sect. 407.13.2.1, provision of minimum reinforcement for shrinkage and
temperature shall be used:
ASMIN = 0.0018*Ag (for Grade 415 deformed bar)
ASMIN = 0.0020*Ag (for Grade 275 deformed bar)

4.6 DESIGN COMPUTATION

a. Microsoft Excel based customized Loading Calculation
- Summary of Wind load for Appurtenances - wind @ Normal Face
4.7 DESIGN / INVESTIGATION REPORT
a. STAAD Output
(SEE STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS IN THE NEXT PAGES)
b. Results and Findings
RESULTS:

This analysis assumes that the structure's members and associated structural
components are in good, undamaged, and un-corroded condition. The structure was
analyzed for wind loads discussed above and subjected distinctively to the effect of
each of the antenna listed in the configuration table.
A three-dimensional non-linear analysis using computer program design software was
used to perform this analysis. The structure was modelled as a space frame with an
assemblage of variable shape steel sections, joined together as a three-dimensional
structures. In order to calculate the maximum stress in each member, the tower was
checked for a full compass loading; and was analyzed for eight (8) different wind
directions.

FINDINGS:
360-10

The structural elements of the PROPOSED 2.5M WALL MOUNT PASS the AISC(LRFD) stress criteria for strength design under the given load combination shall have
the design schedule on the location provided.
As to serviceability requirement, the angular twist and sway of the top & centre (for
all loading combinations), are near equal to 0.5 [where can be assumed
satisfactorily in over-all tower stiffness].
Utilization Ratio:

Prepared By: Engr. Henjie T. Mirasol

PRC No. 101261

Page 11 of 14

Structural Design (SD)

2.5M WALL MOUNT_LAMP POST
G4623
TAGUIG-W @ 5TH BLDG

Proposed Structure
Zone II, Exposure C
SD Rev. No. 00
Report Version No. MSDC-SD-BP-2-2015

Note: Red/Blue Highlighted are failed members

c. Conclusions and Recommendations

CONCLUSIONS: Whenever in this design of Pole structure, it include the structure defined load
factor of 1.60*WL (from Bell Tel/Ericsson) as agreed. Likewise, instead of
applicable load factor to considered for WL as 1.3*WL (as per NSCP 409.3.1),
shall not be used for wind since a reduced from wind directionality factor has
been considered elsewhere for wind forces on the tower.
Permissible ratio of actual load to section capacity under deadload plus windload
combinations is equal to 1.0 or 1.05 [may be considered].
The Structural System of the proposed PROPOSED 2.5M WALL MOUNTED,
LAMP POST, is ADEQUATE to support the proposed antennas and
appurtenances and mounting frame and its components.
However, the Concrete Frame-Beam & Columns that support PASS the ACI318-08 stress criteria for strength design under the given load combination shall
have the design schedule on the location provided.

RECOMMENDATION:

Prepared By: Engr. Henjie T. Mirasol

PRC No. 101261

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Structural Design (SD)

2.5M WALL MOUNT_LAMP POST
G4623
TAGUIG-W @ 5TH BLDG

Proposed Structure
Zone II, Exposure C
SD Rev. No. 00
Report Version No. MSDC-SD-BP-2-2015

1.

Provide additional Connector Plate on Main Pole Pipe, see ANNEX for detail and
arrangement.
2. ANCHOR BOLT SYSTEM: Anchor Bolt or Tower anchorage system shall be the
contractor design anchorage system or the tower designer or the anchoring expert to
determine pad adequacy against:
2.1 concrete breakout strength of anchor in tension/shear;
2.2 pull-out strength of anchor against tension;
2.3 concrete side-face blowout strength of anchor against tension;
2.4 concrete pry-out strength of anchor against in shear;
3. CONSTRUCTION OF CONCRETE STRUCTURE: Where design herein shall be
fresh concrete hardened with 3000psi compressive strength @7days.
4. INSTALLATION OF ANCHOR BOLTS: Installation of anchor bolts shall
commence
before concrete is set; cast-in-place anchor bolts shall be used for this type
of
construction except a detailed calculation from third-party installer, expert,
specialist is
made and approved from the authority ( Ericsson/Smart ) whenever the Extension Support
of Tower is Omitted.
5. CONCRETE CURING: Curing shall be made and maintained above 10'C and in a
moist condition for at least the first 7-days after placement. And for High-earlystrength concrete, maintained above 10'C and in a moist condition for at least the first
3-days after placement, for slab and columns per section 405.12.1 and section
405.12.2 ( NSCP 6th Ed ).
6. FAILURE: In the event of failure whether cracks, deflections, settlement and the
like,
of structural components near or far the deck slabs/beams/columns where the
tower
is
resting and defined here as structural component where the design was made.
The office
of Mirasol Structural Design & Consultancy will have the participation to
analyze the
said deformations or failures (with the code on the time the design is
made). Otherwise,
the designer will relieve him/her in full responsibilities and
liabilities for the future use
of structural components set here.

6. REFERENCES

NSCP C101-10
National Structural Code of the Philippines Vol.1, 6th ed., 2010
ACI 318-08
American Concrete Institute
ANSI/TIA-222-G
Telecommunication Industry Association
AISC 2010
American Institute for Steel Construction
Specification for Structural Joints Using High-Strength Bolts
American Institute for Steel Construction

Prepared By: Engr. Henjie T. Mirasol

PRC No. 101261

Page 13 of 14

Structural Design (SD)

2.5M WALL MOUNT_LAMP POST
G4623
TAGUIG-W @ 5TH BLDG

Prepared By: Engr. Henjie T. Mirasol

PRC No. 101261

Proposed Structure
Zone II, Exposure C
SD Rev. No. 00
Report Version No. MSDC-SD-BP-2-2015

Page 14 of 14