Spectrophotometric Determination of the Acid Dissociation

Constant of Methyl Red

J.P. Loja
Institute of Chemistry, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City
September 3, 2013
September 11, 2013
I.
XIII. S
XIV. Volume
II.
Methodology
a
0.010
III.
m
M HCl
IV.
The materials used in the
p
(mL)
experiment were volumetric flasks,
l
beakers, pH meter and UV-Vis
e
Spectrophotometer.
V.
The first part of the experiment
was the preparation of solutions. In
S
a 50 mL volumetric flask, methyl
o
red stock solution was prepared by
l
dissolving 0.05 g methyl red in 35

mL 95% ethanol and was diluted to

n
mark.
VI.
Methyl red standard solution
N
was made in a 50 mL volumetric
flask using 2.50 mL of stock mixed
u
with 25 mL 95 % ethanol.
m
VII.
Corresponding masses were
b
weighed to make the reagents
e
namely: 100 mL 0.040 M NaOAc
r
through NaOAc3H2O crystals, 50
XVI.
1
XVII. 5.0 mL
mL 0.010 M NaOAc from 0.040 M
NaOAc solution, 50 mL 1.0 M HOAc,
50 mL 0.020 M HOAc from 1.0 M
HOAc , 50 mL 0.10 M HCl, and 50
XIX. 2
XX.
10.0 mL
mL 0.010 M HCl from 0.10 M HCl.
These
were
dissolved
in
a
volumetric flask and diluted to
XXII. 3
XXIII. 15.0 mL
mark.
VIII.
The acidic methyl red (HMR)
was prepared in a 50 mL
XXV.
XXVI. Volume
volumetric flask by adding 5.00 mL
0.010
methyl red standard solution in
5.00 mL 0.100 M HCl solution. The
M NaOc
solution was dissolved to mark and
(mL)
the pH measured if it was 2.
IX.
The alkaline methyl red (MR-)
was made in a 50 mL volumetric
XXVIII.4
XXIX. 5.0 mL
flask by adding 5.00 mL methyl red
standard solution in 12.40 mL
0.040 M NaOAc solution. This was
XXXI. 5
XXXII. 10.0 mL
then diluted to mark and the pH
measured should be 8.
X.
The solutions were prepared as
indicated in Table I.
XXXIV.6
XXXV. 15.0 mL
XI.
XII.
Table I. Sample Solution
XXXVII.
Preparation
XXXVIII.

XV.

Vo
l.
H
M
R
So
ln
(m
L)

XVIII. 15
.0
mL
XXI. 10
.0
mL
XXIV. 5.
0
mL
XXVII.
Vol. MRSo
ln
(m
L)
XXX. 15
.0
mL
XXXIII.10
.0
mL
XXXVI.
5.0 mL

XXXIX. XL.

Vol
um
e of
Sta
nda
rd
Met
hyl
Red
(mL
)

XLI.
Volu

XLII. V
o
l
u
m
e
o
f
0
.
0
4
0
M
N
a
O
A
c

XLIII. XLIV. 6.00

7

XLV.
1.20

XLVII. XLVIII. 6.00

8

XLIX.
2.40

LI.
9

LII.

6.00

LIII.
4.80

LV.
1

LVI.

6.00

LVII.
7.20

(
m
L
)
XLVI. 1
2
.
8
0
L.
1
1
.
6
0
LIV.
9
.
2
0
LVIII. 6
.
8
0

LIX.
LX.
A 50 mL or 100 mL
volumetric flask was used in solutions

1-6 and 100 mL or 150 mL volumetric

flask for 1-7. The sample were
prepared but was not diluted to mark.
LXI. The spectra of HMR and
MR- solution was obtain between 350
and 600 nm using distilled water for a
reference cell. A matched cell was
used
for
all
the
absorbance
measurement.
LXII. Maximum
absorption
(max) of wavelengths was determined
from the obtained spectra of acidic,
HMR, and basic, MR-, forms of methyl
red.
LXIII.
The absorbance of sample 1-6
both acidic, HMR, and basic, MR-,
using distilled water as reference
cell was determined.
LXIV.
LXV. Results and Discussion
LXVI.
LXVII. One of the methods
known to determine the absorption of
light was spectrophotometry.
LXVIII. A complimentary color of
the solution was commonly used since
different compounds absorb different
amount of light.
LXIX. Spectrophotometer is a
machine that can determine the
absorbance of a solution. It would pass
a series of monochromatic light on the
substance and a part of it would be
absorbed and the rest transmitted.
LXX. The amount of light
absorbed by a solution can be used to
compute an unknown concentration of
an analyte by getting the absorbance
through Beer-Lamberts Law.
LXXI.
The Beer-Lamberts law
shows the linear relationship of
absorbance and concentration as
shown in Equation. 1.[2]
LXXII. A = kbc
LXXIII. Equation 1. Beer-Lamberts Law
LXXIV.
LXXV. A = absorbance
LXXVI.k = proportionality constant
LXXVII. b = path length
LXXVIII. c = concentration of absorbing
species
LXXIX.
LXXX. In the experiment, the
unknown concentration of a solution
was determined by taking readings on

I.

V.

S
a
m
p
l
e
s
1

IX.

XIII.

XVII.

XXI.

XXV.

II.

III.

VII.

XXXVII.
9
XLI.

XLII.

XLIII. 0
.
5
8
3

XXXIII.8

1
0

p
H

0
.
5
5
4
X.
0
.
2
7
8
XIV. 0
.
1
8
5
XVIII. 0
.
0
2
6
XXII. 0
.
0
2
1
XXVI. 0
.
0
1
1
XXX. 0
.
2
3
5
XXXIV.0
.
3
9
4
XXXVIII.
0.775

XXIX. 7

IV.

VI.

1
.
1
0
7

0
.
0
4
4
XI.
0
.
0
2
3
XV.
0
.
0
1
7
XIX. 0
.
2
2
1
XXIII. 0
.
1
4
9
XXVII. 0
.
0
7
3
XXXI. 0
.
8
5
7
XXXV. 0
.
8
0
2
XXXIX.
0.699

VIII.

XII.

XVI.

XX.

XXIV. -

XXVIII.-

XXXII. 6
.
5

XXXVI.
6.3

XL.

5
.
9
XLIV. 5
.
6

each twice in different wavelengths as

shown in Table II.
LXXXI.
LXXXII. Table II. Measured pH and
Absorbance for HMR and MRLXXXIII.
LXXXIV.
These wavelengths
were made to calibration curves where
the absorbance was graphed against
concentration to take the linear
regression.
LXXXV.
In the mixture of
HMR and MR-, the absorbance at a
particular
LXXXVI.
LXXXVII.
LXXXVIII.
Conclusion
LXXXIX. References
XC.
Appendices