2/22/2015

LEDLightingTechnology
Development
BobMorrow
SCRIStakeholdersMeeting
02/20/2015

LEDs UsefulCharacteristics

ElectricallyEfficient
LongLifetime
Lowradiatedheat
Emitpurecolorswithoutfilters(moreefficient)
Intensitycanbevariedoveroperationalrange withlittle
spectralshift
Rapidon/offcapability
Smallsizeallowsunprecedentedflexibilityinapplication
Rugged
Solidstate
Notdamagedbyrepeatedon/offcycles
Nofragileglassenvelope
Nohazardousmaterials(e.g.mercury)

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CustomLED LightingDevelopment
For:
Uniquelightingapplicationsorsituations
Researchrelatedtomanipulationofplantcharacteristics
Investigatingimpactofcontrolsystemsandprotocolsonplant
lightingperformance
Investigatingimpactofphysicalconfigurationsonplantlighting
performance

LEDPlantLightinginSpace

Astroculture4
1994
FirstLEDplant
lightinginspace

Veggie01
2014

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LEDs Useful Characteristics

CanMatchSpectrumtoApplication

ImagecourtesyofA.J.Both,RutgersUniversity
Relativequantumefficiency(RQE)accordingtoMcCree,1972;Sageretal.,1988

LEDs Useful Characteristics

Lowradiantheatoutputallowsflexible
configuration&powersavings

Multiplesmallsourcesenable
increasedpositionalprecision

900

850

800

750

700

650

600

550

S3

500

S2
1
2
3

S1

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LEDs Useful Characteristics

HighlyflexibleAdvancedLightingControlSystems

HELIACadaptivelightingsystem

LEDLightingDesignProcess
ABriefOverview

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DetermineDesiredParameters
Parameter

DesiredValue

Typeoflightingsystemdesired

Supplemental ____ Solesource____ Photoperiodic____

Lightingconfigurationdesired

Planar(overhead) ____Intracanopy ____ Other

(describe)______________

LEDlightspectrum(wavebands)desired
and intensityatthevariousspectral
peaks(desiredmeasurementunits
micromol/m2/s)

UVA(400nm)____Blue(450nm)____ Green
(540nm)_____
Red(630nm) ____Farred(730nm)_____
White_____(colortemperature________)
Other(define)________________

DesiredACpowersource

120VAC _____220VAC________ Other(define)_______

Typeofcontrolinterfacedesired

Manual____ Computer_____ CustomerProvided

______
IfCustomerProvided,selectdesiredinterface:

Controlresolution

010V____05V_____ 420mA_____ Other(specify)

______
Numberofzones
Sizeofzonestobeilluminated:

LEDIntensityandUniformityModel

Single4ftbar

Eight4ftbarsabout5inchesapart
at8inchesfromsurface

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LEDSystemDesign

Standardsurfacemount(SMT)
Standard5mm

Highpoweremittertypes

Prepackagedhighpower
arrays

LEDSystemDesign
Optics
Commerciallyavailable
Custom/applicationspecific
RemotePhosphor

Diffusers
Lens
Collimators

http://www.futurelightingsolutions.com/en/technologies/P
ages/remote_phosphor.aspx

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LEDSystemDesign

350

Current (mA)

300

100%

250

PWM

200

CC

150
100
50
0
0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Tim e (m s)

400
350
300
Current (mA)

400

80%

250

PWM

200

CC

150
100
50
0
0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Tim e (m s)

400
350
300
Current (mA)

LEDsoperatebestwhendrivenin
currentcontrolmode
Controlsmayrangefromsimple
manualadjustmentstosophisticated
computercontrols
Simplevs.complex.Complexity
impactsreliability
RGBcontroltobalancecolor
Dimming canbelinearand/or
PWM
Opticaland/orthermalfeedback
Intelligentcontrols compensate
foraging,colorshift
Lightoutdetect shortedoropen
LEDs
Balancemultiplestringsoflights

40%

250

PWM

200

CC

150
100
50
0
0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Tim e (m s)

LEDCircuit/MountingBoards

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LEDSystemDesign
ThermalManagement

Heatmustbeeffectivelymanagedtoensurelonglifeandhigh
performance,especiallywithhighpowerLEDs(>=1W)
Coolingmechanisms
Directconductiontoamountingsurface
Naturalconvection
Forcedair(fans)
Liquidcooling

LEDSystemDesign
Passiveoractivecooling

http://www.ledtransformations.com/Lightfair_52808.pdf Accessed222012

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LEDMechanicalComponents&
Configuration
Powerandsignal
distribution
ArraysofLEDs
(activelyorpassively
cooled)

Opticsandprotection
mechanisms

Controlbox
(manyconfigurations
possible)

System Configuration;Vertical
InCanopy

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System Configuration;OverheadBars

LargeSoleSourceLightingArrays

10

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FactorsImpactingDesign
LEDshaveaverylonglife,but..
Lifeeffectedby;
Heat
Shock/vibration
Environment
Componentquality
Powerquality
Differentcolorsdegradedifferently,phosphorsdegrade
fasterthanLED

Lightrelatedinjuriesordisorders
IntumescenceDevelopment
LackofUV
Rpromotes/FRinhibits
Speciesandcultivardependent

FactorsImpactingDesign
Safety
Vision
NohighenergywavebandsunlessusingUVLEDs
ConsensusatthispointisthatLEDsposesamevisionhazardasotherlamps,andthe
sameprecautionsshouldbeusedasforanyintenselightingsource.

Electrical
GenerallylowvoltageDC,butAC/DCpowersuppliesaresourceofelectricalhazard

Greenissues
Disposal
MostpowerLEDsareRoHS(ReductionofHazardousSubstances)compliant
RoHS restrictstheuseof6hazardousmaterials:lead,mercury,cadmium,Hexavalent
chromium,Polybrominatedbiphenyls(PBB),andPolybrominateddiphenylether(PBDE).

Lightpollution
LEDsmayhavelessimpactthanHPS,but
itdependson;
color
location(height)

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LEDSystemCostDrivers
LEDdevicecost
waveband
quality/manufacturer
phosphors
typeofmounting
Largenumberofdevicesused
partscost
assemblylabor
Powersystems
useDCinsteadofACpower
Thermalcontrol
heatsinks
fans/activecooling

FutureToolsforLEDLightingDesign
ImprovementsinLEDchemistry
Morewavelengths
Higheroutputdevices(UV,Farred)
Moreelectricallyefficientdevices
ImprovementsinLEDmounting&packaging
Effectiveheatsinking
Reflectors
Lenses
Massproductiontechniques
IndividualLEDmounts
LEDarrays
Increasedunderstandingofusinglighttoachievespecifichorticulturalgoals
croptiming
yield
antioxidantcontent
organolepticandornamentalquality
postharvestshelflife
Physicalconfigurationsoptimizedforspecifichorticulturalapplications
Integrationwithothersystemssuchasgreenhouseheating&atmosphericcontrol

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