Final Assignment 2 Revised - Group 4 Herbal Anti-Nausea

UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA
HERBAL ANTI-NAUSEA
TITLE PAGE
Report Assignment 2
GROUP 4
GROUP PERSONNEL:
ALIFAH ISMAWATI
(1206212382)
DENIA RAHMAN
(1206212344)
JASON JONATHAN
(1206238904)
MUHAMMAD FAHMI Z. (1206212520)
NINDYA SULISTYANI
(1206212501)
OSVALDO SAHAT
(1206247796)
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

ENGINEERING FACULTY
UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA
DEPOK 2015
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Motion sickness is a symptom when people feel very sick while travelling
in the airplane, boat, train, or car. The symptom of motion sickness will start to
improve as human body adapts to the conditions causing the problem. These
unexpected signals translate into confused message by the brain, leading to
secretion kind of neurotransmitter to Chemoreceptor Trigger Zone (CTZ) and
vomit center (medulla oblongata) that can trigger nausea also vomit reflex.
From the response, we found that existing anti-nausea medication causes
drowsiness and some respondent that take the anti-nausea tablet said it is less
effective to reduce nausea also give a bad taste to consumer. That condition
motivates us to create herbal based anti-nausea medication as an existing antinausea medicine substitute.
Before starting to generate the concept, we split the problem become
smaller parts specifically, to help brainstorming and generating concept more
easily. We make them in a kind of structural way that satisfy the consumer needs
directly from the problem. We conclude the concept of those products into a mind
map. We divide the concept in general into two parts such as, the formulation type
of the drug and the mechanism of drug release in the body. Selecting product
concept is done after generating product concepts is finished, and product
manufacturer/ designer already finished identifying customer needs and
establishing target specifications. After careful screening of many needs, the
manufacturer/ designer will have a clear statement of a focused problem worth
solving.
After making the joining concept, the next step is to choose the best
concept of the overall concepts that have been developed, so then can generate a
concept idea which is considered to be the best. The first step to be done is
preparing the selection matrix. This step is needed to determine % weighting for
each selection criteria and is an optimized version of the concept screening matrix.
Each selection criteria is made to be more detailed in comparison to the criteria on
the previous stage, in order to produce a product with the best concept. For the
scoring rating, writers create four parameters for each criteria, such as mobility,
Universitas Indonesia
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practically to us, manufacturability, effectiveness to reduce motion sickness and
side effect. Determining the total score was done by multiplying the weighting
factor for each rating selection criteria on each concept ideas. It needs to be
reviewed from all the results of the selecting concept ideas process until this stage
of concept screening as well as concepts that have been eliminated.
After defining the concept of the product that want to be made, from the
aspect of form and the mechanism, writers interviews some lead users to find out
whether the concept is already pretty good and acceptable in the society. Some
determinations we use to interview the customer are determining the purpose from
concept testing, survey population, format, product concept, and customer
responds.
Based on the results of those lead user interviews, they responded with
great enthusiasm to the concept of this product. It is proven that from 75
correspondents, there are fourteen people or 97% of total survey population will
buy anti-nausea herbal candy designed by our concept idea. And then, there are
only two persons (3% of total survey population) who are definitely not buying
our product if it is available at market.
From concept testing, we get some positive responses with great
enthusiasm to the selected concept of this product and also some responded
perception. We try to display that perception visually with perceptual mapping
technique, to show the reason why the respondents have a great enthusiasm in our
selected concept. Each concept will be scored based on parameter of criteria in
concept scoring. The greater performance concept in each criteria will be placed
outer than other. We can see that the selected concept in each criteria of the new
concept of herbal anti-nausea product is better or same with the reference concept,
nothing worse than reference concept. The new selected concept is better than
reference concept in some criteria, practical to use, manufacturability and
effectiveness in reduce motion sickness. In mobility and side effect criteria, our
new elected concept and reference concept has the same position. In mobility
criteria, existing anti-nausea tablet (Antimo) has an ergonomics size and
packaging and also our new selected concept in candy form. But, in side effect
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criteria we assume that our herbal anti-nausea medicine concept has same
mechanism with based chemical active compound medicine so it have same side
effect.
5
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS.......................................................................................v
TABLE OF FIGURES..........................................................................................vi
LIST OF TABLES................................................................................................vii
CHAPTER 1: CREATING CONCEPT...............................................................1
1.1 Introduction....................................................................................................1
1.2 Splitting Problem...........................................................................................2
1.3 Brainstorming.................................................................................................3
1.3.1 Existing Ideas.......................................................................................4
1.3.2 New Ideas.............................................................................................6
CHAPTER 2: CONCEPT SELECTION.............................................................8
2.1 Concept Generation........................................................................................9
2.2 Concept Screening and Joining....................................................................21
2.3 Concept Scoring and Selection....................................................................26
2.3.1 Description of Selected Concepts.......................................................33
2.4 Concept Testing............................................................................................33
2.4.1 Determining the purpose from concept testing..................................33
2.4.2 Determining the survey population....................................................34
2.4.3 Determining the survey format...........................................................34
2.4.4 Communicating our product concept.................................................34
2.4.5 Calculating the customer responds.....................................................34
2.4.6 Result Interpretation...........................................................................35
2.5 Perceptual Mapping.....................................................................................36
CHAPTER 3: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION......................................................38
CHAPTER 4: CONCLUSION............................................................................40
REFERENCES.....................................................................................................42
TABLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1.1. A splitting problem of herbal anti-nausea... 2
Figure 1.2 Existing herbal anti-nausea mind map concept... 5
Figure 1.3. New herbal anti-nausea concept mind map concept...7
Figure 2.1. Product development process. 8
Figure 2.2. Concept development process.... 8
Figure 2.3. Concept development funnel.. 9
Figure 2.4. Existing herbal anti-nausea mind map concept. 11
Figure 2.5. New herbal anti-nausea medicine mind map concept... 12
Figure 2.6. Age of interviewee.35
Figure 2.7. Customer responds for the new perfume concept. 35
Figure 2.8. The perceptual mapping of selected and reference concept..36
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1. List of concept idea. 13
Table 2.2. List of concept idea (cont1)... 14
Table 2.3. List of concept idea (cont2)... 15
Table 2.4. Table of generated concept description.. 16
Table 2.5. Table of generated concept description (cont1) 17
Table 2.9. Matrix of concept screening... 22
Table 2.10. Matrix of concept screening (cont1)... 23
Table 2.11. Concepts relative performance rating (first four concepts
concept 1-4).. 24
Table 2.12. Concepts relative performance rating (second four concepts
concept 5-8).. 25
Table 2.13. Concepts Relative Performance Rating 26
Table 2.14. Concept scoring 30
Table 2.15. Concept scoring (cont1).. 31
Table 2.16. Concept scoring (cont2).. 32
Table 2.17. Each concept scoring.... 36
Table 3.1. Final Specification.... 39
Table 3.2. Final Specification (cont1).. 40
1
CHAPTER 1
CREATING CONCEPT
1.1 Introduction
Motion sickness is a symptom when people feel very sick while travelling
in the airplane, boat, train, or car. The symptom of motion sickness will start to
improve as human body adapts to the conditions causing the problem. The
problems are like queasy, nausea, vomit and headache. Nausea is subjective,
unpleasant sensation associated with flushing tachycardia, and be urge vomit.
Nausea and vomit are our major problem concern in this product design.
When we are in transportation which moves continuously with relatively
slow and prolonged motion, the organ of balance in human ear (vestibular
apparatus) may be affected, causing motion sickness. In motion sickness, a
discrepancy exists between the motion that is expected to occur and the actual
motion sensed by the organ of balance in the inner ear (vestibular apparatus).
These unexpected signals translate into confused message by the brain, leading to
secretion kind of neurotransmitter to Chemoreceptor Trigger Zone (CTZ) and
vomit center (medulla oblongata) that can trigger nausea also vomit reflex. The
important roles of motion sickness are muscarinic and histamine
neurotransmitters.
Many kind of anti-nausea medication we found in the market. It is
available in tablet, nasal spray, patch and liquid/syrup form. But it contain
chemical active compound which work as neurotransmitter antagonist and also
give serious side effect, constipation or confusion, dry mouth, and sedation or
stasis of urine, headache, drowsiness and many more (based on chemical active
compound contained). So, we have to think about innovation in anti-nausea
medication which less side effect but effective in nausea treatment.
In the previous chapters, we have found and identify the needs of the
market by questioning 61 respondents. From the response, we found that existing
anti-nausea medication causes drowsiness and some respondent that take the anti-
2
nausea tablet said it is less effective to reduce nausea also give a bad taste to
consumer. That condition motivates us to create herbal based anti-nausea
medication as an existing anti-nausea medicine substitute. Our respondent believe
that herbal based medicine more effective and less side effect than chemical
based anti-nausea medicine, also we plan to create herbal anti-nausea product that
has similar works to chemical based medicine but less harm effect.
In this chapter, the new concept for herbal based anti-nausea product will
be generated, then it will be eliminated due to feasibility. The concept ideas
which are not eliminated will be screened with 4 criteria, there are easy to use,
easy to manufacture, side effect and effectiveness in reduce motion sickness. The
remaining concept will be improved by combining the positive aspect of each
concept to provide new best concepts. Then those concept will be scored and the
best concept will be taken as the concept that we will use for our product.
After defining the best concept, we will take concept testing to observe products
performance.
1.2 Splitting Problem
Before starting to generate the concept, we split the problem become
smaller parts specifically, to help brainstorming and generating concept more
easily. So, from the topic Anti-Nausea Herbal as Motion Sickness Medication,
we breakdown the word by word, it becomes more effective to spread them down
into questions and related into those topic.
Figure 1.1. A splitting problem of herbal anti-nausea
Anti Nausea
Herbal
As Motion
Sickness
Medication C
(Source: private source)
A : Product which contains an effective nausea treatment

B : Product which contains herbal active compound
C : Product used as nausea treatment causes by motion sickness
We make them in a kind of structural way that satisfy the consumer needs
directly from the problem. So now, this is the list of some questions born from the
problem breakdown.
1) How does the product specifications
2) of existing Anti-Nausea Herbal Based Medicine market needs today?
3) How to design Anti-Nausea causes by Motion Sickness Herbal based
Medicine that have effectiveness even better than existing Anti-Nausea
nowadays?
4) What kind of innovation replacement of Anti-Nausea Herbal based
Medicine will be accepted by consumers?
5) Could we use herbal active compound rather than chemical to make AntiNausea Medicine?
6) How to design Anti-Nausea Herbal based Medicine that has less harm side
effect than existing Anti-Nausea nowadays?
7) How to design Anti-Nausea Herbal based Medicine that practice and easy
to use than existing Anti-Nausea nowadays?
8) How to design Anti-Nausea Herbal based Medicine that give good smell
and taste to its user than existing Anti-Nausea nowadays?
9) What is main problem in Anti-Nausea Herbal Based Medicine
manufacture?
1.3 Brainstorming
Brainstorming is one of the techniques which is used to find a conclusion
by gathering some list of the ideas. In this chapter, we make a brainstorming form
using mind map. We evaluate all the existing products. Some brands of herbal or
non-herbal anti-nausea medicine, which are distributed commonly in the drugstore
or market, are Antimo, Tolak Angin, Gerdilium, and Dometic Syrup. Then, we
4
conclude the concept of those products into a mind map. We divide the concept in
general into two parts such as, the formulation type of the drug and the
mechanism of drug release in the body.
1.3.1 Existing Ideas

At this time, the form of existing herbal and non-herbal anti-nausea
medicines are divided into four types of formulation based on the way to consume
it. The formulation types are oral, sub-cutant, nasal, and sublingual. Antimo has
two forms of drugs such as syrup in a sachet and tablet. Syrup in table is
categorized as the oral formulation type because it should be consumed through
the mouth. Tolak Angin has two forms, like syrup and hard candy. We can find in
the pharmacy and market, ginger candy is mostly used for people before going
somewhere to prevent nausea because of motion sickness. Respectively, gerdilium
and dometic syrup are caplet-tablet and syrup. Every form has the advantages and
disadvantages. Tablet is a drug form which contains dried powder active drug.
Mostly, people like this form because it is so easy to swallow. According to its
molecular weight of the particle, tablet has a longer release time in the body rather
than liquid.
The benchmarking herbal and non-herbal anti-nausea are correlated with
the neurotransmitter which blocks of receptor that triggers nausea. We know that
nausea is caused by the signal transferred to chemoreceptor trigger zone or vomit
center in directly. Then, the mechanism is divided based on these 3
neurotransmitters which depend on the cause of nausea as motion sickness, such
as serotonin, muscarinic and histamine. Serotonin is the chemical messenger in
charge for transmitting vomiting signals by binding to receptors situated on nerves
in the stomach and the brain. Muscarinic is mostly blocked by the anti-muscarinic
before it attempts to the receptor in cerebellum. Histamine binds to a specific
receptor named H1 receptor, which cause nausea. In a conclusion, every antinausea drug contents of either anti-serotonin, anti-muscarinic, or anti-histamine.
They will block their each receptor to prevent nausea.
Figure 1.2. Existing herbal anti-nausea mind map concept

(Source: reproduce from group ideas)
1.3.2 New Ideas

There are a lot of forms and drugs mechanism that can be explore to get
the best quality from herbal anti-nausea. Therefore, Fig.1.2 below is a mind map
of ideas for herbal anti-nausea which are made from group brainstorming. We
divided into three branches such as formulation types, drug release mechanism
and the neurotransmitters.
Our creative idea is making a spray, which is herbal anti-nausea with
liquid material modification that is effective to prevent nausea. Spray is really
easy to use anytime and anywhere. Another creation is effervescent. Effervescent
is easy to use though we need at least a bottle of water to consume it. Effervescent
tablet are tablet that are designed to react with the water after dropped it. The
advantage of effervescent is the concentration of active compound is kept safely
without any change. Hard candy is a good choice too. Our market is from 10-50
ages. They will like this innovation. Mostly, in the market, we can see ginger
candy but this product will contents some of the herbs which added by a fruit
essence to meet the people needs, especially children. The essences will not
imbalance the quality of the product so it should be effective to prevent nausea.
Next idea is aromatherapy. The combination of herbs can influence the signal of
nausea in vomiting center. So, it inhibits the signal to attempt chemoreceptor
trigger zone or vomiting center.
Drug release of the herbal anti-nausea is the main point of this product.
Drug should attempt the vomit center on time. So we need to handle the reaching
time before the drug dissolved. Control drug release can be done if we know the
reaching time and diffusivity of the molecule. Diffusivity will influence the
absorption of the drug to the mucus in the stomach or gastrointestinal tract. The
absorption is divided into three, such as active transport and passive transport.
Figure 1.3. New herbal anti-nausea concept mind map concept

CHAPTER 2
CONCEPT SELECTION
In general, the process of product development can be seen from the figure
below, where concept development is one of the main processes in developing or
manufacturing a product.
Figure 2.1. Product development process

(Source: Matthew Kressy, et all, 2006)
Selecting product concept(s) is done after generating product concepts is

finished, and product manufacturer or designer already finished by identifying
customer needs and establishing target specifications. So in other words, it can be
explained that concept selection is the third phase in designing a product, as can
be seen in figure 2.1.
Figure 2.2. Concept development process

After careful screening of many needs, the manufacturer or designer will

have a clear statement of a focused problem worth solving. Brainstorming has
generated hundreds of ideas, many whimsical or outlandish. At this point, it is
time to commit. There is a frequent tendency to perseverate, to delay because of
uncertainty. However, perfect certainty doesnt exist and its impossible to
consider a dozen concepts simultaneously. It is far better to move expeditiously
with the best information available at the moment and to react flexibly as the
situation changes. Concept selection requires an understanding of the rules of the

road for products designing (Biodesign, 2014).
In concept development process, there are mainly four phases in general,
which include concept generation, concept screening and joining, concept scoring
and selection, and concept testing, as can be seen in figure 2.3.
Figure 2.3. Concept development funnel

The processes will be given in details below.

2.1 Concept Generation
Concept generation, which is when a product development team comes up
with the ideas, is the most critical step in the engineering design process without
it, there is no design. A concept can be defined as both an approximate
description of the technology, working principles, and form of the product as
well as a concise description of how the product will satisfy customer needs
(Ulrich & Eppinger, 2012). Concept generation is a procedure that begins with a
set of customer needs and target specifications and results in an array of product
concept design alternatives from which a final design will be selected. This step
requires a more abstract style of thinking than perhaps most engineers are used to.
From the results of the selection, a lot of ideas are selected or eliminated. Selected
ideas or eliminated ideas are being resulted due to a number of considerations in
10
order to support the effectiveness of anti-nausea herbal products performance to

suit the needs of the consumers and also still affordable in both sides of the
economy/cost and the technology that exists.
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Figure 2.4. Existing herbal anti-nausea mind map concept

12
Figure 2.5. New herbal anti-nausea medicine mind map concept

13
To facilitate the elaboration of the development concept that was selected in

Figure 6.2 above, a table is made by categorizing each idea concept. The idea of the
concept is based on the type of shape and also the refreshing mechanism. Both of the
concepts are also compared on the needs of consumers as well. Table 2.1 until Table
2.3 shows the development of the concept of herbal anti-nausea products.
Table 2.1. List of concept idea
Ideas
Number
Antimo
1st idea
2nd idea
3rd idea
4th idea
5th idea
6th idea
7th idea
8th idea
9th idea
Concept
Anti-nausea drug with chemical active compound and with the
mechanism of impeding histamine in the form of tablet which is
absorbed actively in the body.
Anti-nausea drug with herb active compound and with the
mechanism of impeding serotonin in the form of spray which is
mechanism of impeding muscarinic in the form of spray which is
mechanism of impeding histamine in the form of spray which is
mechanism of impeding serotonin in the form of spray which is
absorbed passively in the body.
mechanism of impeding muscarinic in the form of spray which is
mechanism of impeding histamine in the form of spray which is
mechanism of impeding serotonin in the form of drinkable syrup
which is absorbed actively in the body.
mechanism of impeding muscarinic in the form of drinkable syrup
mechanism of impeding histamine in the form of drinkable syrup
14
Table 2.2. List of concept idea (cont1)
Ideas
Number
th
10 idea
11th idea
12th idea
13th idea
14th idea
15th idea
16th idea
17th idea
18th idea
19th idea
20th idea
21st idea
22nd idea
Concept
mechanism of impeding serotonin in the form of drinkable syrup
which is absorbed passively in the body.
mechanism of impeding muscarinic in the form of drinkable syrup
mechanism of impeding histamine in the form of drinkable syrup
mechanism of impeding serotonin in the form of capsule which is
mechanism of impeding muscarinic in the form of capsule which
is absorbed actively in the body.
mechanism of impeding histamine in the form of capsule which is
mechanism of impeding serotonin in the form of capsule which is
mechanism of impeding muscarinic in the form of capsule which
is absorbed passively in the body.
mechanism of impeding histamine in the form of capsule which is
mechanism of impeding serotonin in the form of aromatherapy
mechanism of impeding muscarinic in the form of aromatherapy
mechanism of impeding histamine in the form of aromatherapy
mechanism of impeding serotonin in the form of aromatherapy
15
Table 2.3. List of concept idea (cont2)
Ideas
Number
rd
23 idea
24th idea
25th idea
29th idea
30th idea
31st idea
32nd idea
33rd idea
34th idea
35th idea
36th idea
Concept
mechanism of impeding muscarinic in the form of aromatherapy
mechanism of impeding histamine in the form of aromatherapy
mechanism of impeding serotonin in the form of hard candy
mechanism of impeding muscarinic in the form of hard candy
mechanism of impeding histamine in the form of hard candy
mechanism of impeding serotonin in the form of effervescent
mechanism of impeding muscarinic in the form of effervescent
mechanism of impeding histamine in the form of effervescent
mechanism of impeding serotonin in the form of effervescent
mechanism of impeding muscarinic in the form of effervescent
mechanism of impeding histamine in the form of effervescent
(Source : reproduces from the literature and group discussion)
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Table 2.4. Table of generated concept description
Ideas
Numbe
r
Easy to Use
Easy to carry, good to

Antimo be consumed anytime
but less practical
1 idea

be consumed anytime
2nd idea

be consumed anytime
3rd idea

be consumed anytime
4th idea

be consumed anytime
5th idea

be consumed anytime
6th idea

be consumed anytime
7th idea
Less practical to carry,

good to be consumed
anytime
st
Easy to Manufacture
Easy manufacture process, complicated
drug composition manufacture process
Complicated drug form manufacture
process, complicated drug composition
manufacture process
manufacture process
manufacture process
process, easy drug composition manufacture
process
process
process
Product Effectiveness
to Reduce Motion
Sickness
Effective
Less Effective
Effective
Effective
Less Effective
Less Effective
Side
Effects
Drowsiness
, Blurry
Vision
Drowsiness
, Blurry
Vision
Drowsiness
, Blurry
Vision
Drowsiness
Drowsiness
, Blurry
Vision
Drowsiness
, Blurry
Vision
Less Effective
Drowsiness
Less Effective
Drowsiness
, Blurry
Vision
17
Table 2.5. Table of generated concept description (cont1)
Ideas
Numbe
r
Easy to Use

good to be consumed
anytime
th
9 idea good to be consumed
anytime
10th
good to be consumed
idea
anytime
11th
good to be consumed
idea
anytime
12th
good to be consumed
idea
anytime
Easy to carry, good to be
13th
consumed anytime but
idea
less practical
14th
idea
less practical
15th idea consumed anytime but
less practical
8th idea
to Reduce Motion
Sickness
Side Effects

Effective
Drowsiness,
Blurry
Vision

Effective
Drowsiness
Easy to Manufacture
Easy manufacture process, easy drug

composition manufacture process
Less Effective

Less Effective

Less Effective
Complicated manufacture process,

complicated drug composition
manufacture process
manufacture process
manufacture process
Less Effective
Effective
Effective
Drowsiness,
Blurry
Vision
Drowsiness,
Blurry
Vision
Drowsiness
Drowsiness,
Blurry
Vision
Drowsiness,
Blurry
Vision
Drowsiness
18
Ideas
Numbe
r
Easy to Use

less practical
th
17 idea consumed anytime but
less practical
less practical
19 idea
consumed anytime
th
Easy to Manufacture
to Reduce Motion
Sickness
Complicated manufacture process, easy

Less Effective

Less Effective

Less Effective

manufacture process
manufacture process
manufacture process
Less Effective
20th idea

consumed anytime
21st idea

consumed anytime
22nd
idea

consumed anytime

Less Effective
23rd
idea

consumed anytime

Less Effective
Effective
Effective
Side Effects
Drowsiness,
Blurry
Vision
Drowsiness,
Blurry
Vision
Drowsiness
Drowsiness,
Blurry
Vision
Drowsiness,
Blurry
Vision
Drowsiness
Drowsiness,
Blurry
Vision
Drowsiness,
Blurry
Vision
19
Ideas
Numbe
Easy to Use
r
24th
idea
consumed anytime
to Reduce Motion
Sickness
Side Effects

Less Effective
Drowsiness
Easy to Manufacture
25th
idea

consumed anytime

Less Effective
26th
idea

consumed anytime

Effective
27th
idea

consumed anytime

Effective
28th
idea

consumed anytime

Less Effective
29th
idea

consumed anytime

Less Effective
30th
idea

consumed anytime
less practical
less practical
less practical

manufacture process
manufacture process
manufacture process
31st
idea
32nd
idea
33rd
idea
Less Effective
Less Effective
Effective
Effective
Drowsiness,
Blurry
Vision
Drowsiness,
Blurry
Vision
Drowsiness
Drowsiness,
Blurry
Vision
Drowsiness,
Blurry
Vision
Drowsiness
Drowsiness,
Blurry
Vision
Drowsiness,
Blurry
Vision
Drowsiness
20
Ideas
Numbe
r
34th
idea
35th
idea
36th
idea
Easy to Use
less practical
less practical
less practical
Easy to Manufacture
easy drug composition manufacture
process
process
process
to Reduce Motion
Sickness
Less Effective
Less
Less Effective
Side Effects
Drowsiness,
Blurry
Vision
Drowsiness,
Blurry
Vision
Drowsiness
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2.2 Concept Screening and Joining

This phase main objective is to reduce the many product concept ideas
generated to a relative few that will get additional refinement and analysis. It is
needed for the manufacturer/ designer to bring the right ideas to the marketplace and
select commercially viable concepts. The steps in concept screening are:
a. Prepare the selection/screening matrix.
Selection criteria must relate to key customer needs. Selection criteria
selection is done on the basis of things that distinguish each concept ideas.
b. Rate the concepts.
Rating on the idea of the concept is given based on the following provisions,
+ is given for better than reference concept, is given for concepts that are worse
than reference concept, and 0 is given for concepts that are equal than reference
concept.
c. Rank the concepts
Ranking the concepts is needed to be done as objectively as possible using the
concept rating. Concept rating of any ideas for each selection criteria then is added to
the total score.
d. Combine and improve the concepts
It is needed to find if there are any generally good concepts that are
downgraded by one feature and to find if it possible for two concepts to be combined
to preserve the better than features while simultaneously removing any worse
than features.
e. Select one or more concepts for further refinement and analysis
Ideas with the total score is below than 1 are decided not to be realized, while
the concept with value above than 1 are being continued by doing the merger of
certain concepts to improve the rating of that concept.
f. Reflect on the results and process
All team members need to reflect on current results to find if it is comfortable
enough with the decisions that have been made. If its not comfortable, the
manufacturer/ designer team members should find what needs to be resolved.
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Table 2.9. Matrix of concept screening
Easy
Easy to
Product
to
Manufactu
Effectivenes
Antim
Use
0
re
0
s
0
o
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
-1
-1
-1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
-1
-1
-1
0
0
0
-1
-1
-1
0
0
24
25
1
1
0
0
No
Idea
Side
Score
Result
Reference
-1
0
0
-1
-1
-1
-1
0
0
-1
-1
-1
-1
0
0
-1
-1
-1
-1
0
0
-1
-1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
-1
0
1
0
0
1
-1
0
1
0
0
1
-2
-1
0
-1
-1
0
-1
0
1
0
0
Not go
Not go
Go, join
Not go
Not go
Go, join
Not go
Not go
Go, join
Not go
Not go
Go, join
Not go
Not go
Not go
Not go
Not go
Not go
Not go
Not go
Go, join
Not go
Not go
-1
-1
1
0
1
0
Go, join
Not go
Effects
23
Table 2.10. Matrix of concept screening (cont1)
No
Idea
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
Eas
Easy to
Product
y to
Manufactur
Effectivene
Use
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
e
0
0
1
1
1
-1
-1
-1
0
0
0
ss
0
0
-1
-1
-1
-1
0
0
-1
-1
-1
Side
Effects
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
Score
Result
1
2
1
1
2
-2
-1
0
-1
-1
0
Go, join
Go, join
Go, join
Go, join
Go, join
Not go
Not go
Not go
Not go
Not go
Not go
24
Table 2.11. Concepts relative performance rating (first four concepts concept 1-4)
Criteria
Easy to Use
Easy to
Manufacture
Anti-nausea drug with
Anti-nausea drug
Anti-nausea drug
herb active compound
herb active compound
with herb active
with herb active
and with the mechanism
and with the
compound and with
compound and with
of impeding muscarinic
mechanism of impeding
the mechanism of
the mechanism of
in the form of spray
histamine in the form of impeding muscarinic
impeding histamine
which is absorbed
spray which is
in the form of hard
in the form of hard
actively in the body.
absorbed actively in the
candy which is
candy which is
body.
absorbed actively in
absorbed actively in
the body.
the body.
consumed anytime
consumed anytime
be consumed anytime
be consumed anytime
Complicated drug form
Complicated drug form
manufacture process,
manufacture process,
Easy manufacture
Easy manufacture
complicated drug
complicated drug
process, complicated
composition manufacture
drug composition
drug composition
process
process
manufacture process
manufacture process
Effective
Effective
Effective
Effective
Product
Effectiveness
to Reduce
Motion
Sickness
25
Side Effects
Drowsiness, Blurry Vision
Drowsiness
Drowsiness, Blurry
Vision
Drowsiness
26
Table 2.12. Concepts relative performance rating (second four concepts concept 5-8)
Criteria
Easy to Use
Easy to
Manufactur
e
Anti-nausea
Anti-nausea
Anti-nausea
Anti-nausea
drug with herb
drug with herb
drug with herb
drug with herb
active
active
active
active
compound and
compound and
compound and
compound and
with the
with the
with the
with the
mechanism of
mechanism of
mechanism of
mechanism of
impeding
impeding
impeding
impeding
Muscarinic in
histamine in
Muscarinic in
histamine in the
the form of
the form of
the form of
form of
syrup which is
syrup which is
aromatherapy
aromatherapy
absorbed
absorbed
which is
which is
actively in the
actively in the
absorbed
absorbed
body.
body.
actively in the
actively in the
body.
body.
consumed anytime
consumed anytime
good to be consumed
good to be consumed
anytime
anytime
Easy manufacture
Easy manufacture
Complicated manufacture
Complicated manufacture
process, complicated drug
process, complicated drug
drug composition
drug composition
manufacture process
manufacture process
process
process
27
Product
Effectivene
ss to
Reduce
Effective
Effective
Effective
Effective
Motion
Sickness
Side Effects
Drowsiness, Blurry
Vision
Drowsiness
Drowsiness, Blurry
Vision
Drowsiness
28
2.3 Concept Scoring and Selection

After making the joining concept, the next step is to choose the best concept
of the overall concepts that have been developed, so then can generate a concept idea
which is considered to be the best. The first step to be done is preparing the selection
matrix. This step is needed to determine % weighting for each selection criteria and is
an optimized version of the concept screening matrix. Next, it is needed to rate the
concepts. The rating given can be seen from the table below.
Table 2.13. Concepts relative performance rating
Relative Performance
Much worse than the reference
Worse than the reference
Same as the reference
Better than the reference
Much Better than the reference
Rating
1
2
3
4
5
(Source: reproduces from group discussion and literature)
Once the ratings are entered for each concept, weighted scores are calculated
by multiplying the raw scores by the criteria weights. The total score for each concept
is the sum of the weighted scores:
n
S j = r ij wi
i=1
Where
r ij
= raw rating of concept j for the ith criterion
wi
= weighting for the ith criterion
= number of criteria
Sj
= total score for concept j
After each concept is given a rank corresponding to its total score, the fourth step is
combining and improving the concepts, before finally selecting one or more concepts
for further refinement and analysis. The analysis needed is sensitivity analysis and
build and test prototypes. For anti-nausea herbal, the idea of the concept is rated at
this stage include:
29
1. Anti-nausea drug with herb active compound and with the mechanism of
impeding muscarinic in the form of spray which is absorbed actively in the body.
impeding histamine in the form of spray which is absorbed actively in the body.
impeding Muscarinic in the form of hard candy which is absorbed actively in the
body.
impeding histamine in the form of hard candy which is absorbed actively in the
body.
impeding Muscarinic in the form of syrup which is absorbed actively in the body.
impeding histamine in the form of syrup which is absorbed actively in the body.
impeding Muscarinic in the form of aromatherapy which is absorbed actively in
the body.
impeding histamine in the form of aromatherapy which is absorbed actively in the
body.
At this stage, each selection criteria is made to be more detailed in comparison
to the criteria on the previous stage, in order to produce a product with the best
concept. Each criterion is given a weighted score according to importance of each
criterion.
The idea of the concept selection matrix consists of column selection criteria,
concepts, ideas, and weight factor rating. The determination of weighting factor is
based on team ranking on such needs. For the making of the matrix concept product,
this herbal anti-nausea scoring used weight factor (weights) in the form of a
percentage value.
For the scoring rating, writers create four parameters for each criteria, such as:
Mobility
1: Big size and heavy product packaging, not practice to be taken anywhere.
30
2: Suitable size of product packaging but still heavy.

3: Weight and size of the product packaging are already suitable, but still not
ergonomics.
4: Ergonomics form, size, and weight, all already suitable.
5: Ergonomics form, size, and weight, all already suitable, and can be taken
anywhere.
Practically to use
1: Product cant be consumed anytime, need certain instruments to help the drugs to
be consumed (e.g. Spoons) or extra materials (e.g. water).
2: Product can be consumed in certain times, doesnt need extra materials to be
consumed, but still need certain instruments to help the drugs to be consumed.
3: Product can be consumed anytime.
4: Product can be consumed anytime and doesnt need any instruments to help the
drugs to be consumed.
5: Product can be consumed anytime and doesnt need any instruments or extra
materials to help the drugs to be consumed.
Manufacturability
1: Need a long duration process of manufacture (more than one day) and need
expensive technology that still cant be applied in Indonesia, carrier material is hard
to get.
2: Manufacture technology can be applied in Indonesia, but still need a long duration
(more than one day), carrier material is available in markets but still need to be
engineered so it can carry active agents.
3: Manufacture technology can be applied in Indonesia with one day maximal
duration, but the product output still not efficient, carrier material is available in
market, ready to use but the price is expensive.
4: High efficiency and high effectiveness of manufacture technology and product
output, carrier material is available in market.
5: High efficiency and high effectiveness of manufacture technology and product
output, carrier material is available in market, cheap price, and ready
to use. Indonesia
Universitas
31
Effectiveness to reduce motion sickness
1: Carrier blocks active agent to spread in oral cavity.

2: Active agent can go out from the carrier but has burst effect so active agent isnt
long lasting.
3: Active agent can go out the carrier, doesnt have burst effect, but not effective nor
efficient.
4: Active agent can go out from the carrier optimally, effective, but not efficient.
5: Active agent can go out from the carrier optimally, effective, and efficient.
Side effect
1: Product has harmful side effect

2: Product doesnt have harmful side effect, but complicated sickness
3: Product has little side effect
4: Product nearly not causing harmful side effect
5: Product has no harmful side effect at all.
Determining the total score was done by multiplying the weighting factor for
each rating selection criteria on each concept ideas. This stage is the final/the end of
the idea of the concept selection stage. The chosen concept will be developed, made
the prototype, and tested to get feedback.
Each team member must agree on the election results of the concept idea.
Therefore, it needs to be reviewed from all the results of the selecting concept ideas
process until this stage of concept screening as well as concepts that have been
eliminated. Based on the phases above, a table is created as in the concept selection
matrix in table 2.14.
32
Table 2.14. Concept Scoring
Mobility
Practicality to Use
Manufacturability
Effectiveness to
reduce Motion
Sickness
15%
Weighted
Rating
Score
20%
Weighte
Rating d Score
15%
Weighte
Rating d Score
30%
Weighted
Rating
Score
SubCriteria
Criteria
Weights
Results

herb active compound and
with the mechanism of
impeding muscarinic in
the form of spray which is
body.
impeding histamine in the
form of spray which is
body.
the form of hard candy
which is absorbed actively
in the body.
Side Effect
20%
Weighte
Rating d Score
Score
0.45
0.8
0.3
1.2
0.2
2.95
0.45
0.8
0.3
0.9
0.2
2.65
0.6
0.8
0.45
1.2
0.2
3.25
33
Table 2.15. Concept Scoring (Cont1)
Sub-Criteria
Criteria
Mobility
Weights
Results

form of hard candy which
is absorbed actively in the
body.
the form of syrup which is
body.
form of syrup which is
body.
15%
Weighted
Rating
Score
Practicality to Use
Manufacturability
20%
15%
Weighted
Weighted
Rating
Score
Rating
Score
Effectiveness to
reduce Motion
Sickness
Side Effect
30%
Weighted
Rating
Score
20%
Weighted
Rating
Score
Score
0.6
0.8
0.45
0.9
0.2
2.95
0.3
0.6
0.6
1.2
0.2
2.9
0.3
0.6
0.6
0.9
0.2
2.6
34
Table 2.16. Concept Scoring (Cont2)
Mobility
Practicality to Use
Manufacturability
Effectiveness to
reduce Motion
Sickness
15%
Weighted
Rating
Score
20%
Weighted
Rating
Score
15%
Ratin Weighted
g
Score
30%
Weighted
Rating
Score
Sub-Criteria
Criteria
Weights
Results

the form of aromatherapy
in the body.
form of aromatherapy
in the body.
Side Effect
20%
Weighted
Rating
Score
Score
0.45
0.6
0.15
1.2
0.2
2.6
0.45
0.6
0.15
0.9
0.2
2.3
35
2.3.1
Description of Selected Concepts

In the product description, writer will explain in detail and specific about the
products made from herbal anti-nausea that has been designed by writer. After
deciding that the idea of the concept of anti-nausea herbal products made from herbs
are worthy to be developed, writer will give an idea of the concept implementation
description in anti-nausea herbal products in order to meet the wishes of the
consumer.
2.4 Concept Testing
After defining the concept of the product that want to be made, from the
aspect of form and the mechanism, writers interviews some lead users to find out
whether the concept is already pretty good and acceptable in the society. The author
explains the concept in a simple explanation of the product concept to the lead user,
starting with the shape of the product, the materials used, the benefits of each
material, until anti-nausea mechanism made from herbs.
Based on the results of those lead user interviews, they responded with great
enthusiasm to the concept of this product. Criticism and suggestions obtained based
on the interview results are related below:
Adding variants of flavors to the anti-nausea herbal candy, so it will be more
attractive to consumers.
Choose different forms of candies, to make it more attractive.
Need more information about the dosage.
2.4.1
Determining the purpose from concept testing

The goal of concept testing is to know what the customer acknowledges are
towards our concept so it is applicable with the customer needs. In concept testing,
we should give the specific question for the interviewee about our concept. This
specific question should cover the acceptance of the customer to our products in
every aspect, such as composition, performance, packaging, and price.
36
2.4.2
Determining the survey population

Survey is done to seventy five interviewees from university students. This
survey population is selected only for people who usually use perfume in many
activities. From this survey population, we hope that they can become our potential
customer and can give a good answer and suggestion for our concept before we
develop it.
2.4.3
Determining the survey format

This survey is done via online questionnaire. We made the questionnaire with
Google Docs and ask to our potential customer with some questions we prepared
before. By this interview, we hope that we can explore the customer needs and
suggestion deeply.
2.4.4
Communicating our product concept

The product concept is offered by verbal description. We give the information
about our concept to the interviewee orally. By this oral explanation, we hope that the
interviewee as potential customers fully understand what the concept is and why we
create it.
2.4.5
Calculating the customer responds

First, we need to see the distribution of the potential customers to calculate the
customer needs. The result can be seen below.
Age of Interviewee
8% 1% 3%
11%
20%
15
18
19
20
21
22
23
23%
35%
Figure 2.6. Age of interviewee

(Source: reproduce from questionnaire)
37
Then, the result of survey from twenty five potential customers to our ideas
which is spray type, alcohol-based, and packaged in a glass:
2.4.6
Definitely buy it
Maybe buy it
Doubtful
Maybe not buy it
Definitely not buy it
: 73 people
: 0 people
: 0 people
: 0 person
: 2 person
Result Interpretation
From the customer responds calculation, it is shown that our concept idea get
a good respond from our potential customer. For further details, we can look into
Figure 2.7.
Customer responds towards concept ideas

Definitely Buy It
Maybe buy it
Doubtful
Maybe not buy it
Definitely not buy

it
Figure 2.7. Customer responds for the new perfume concept

(Source: reproduce from questionnaire)
It is proven that from 75 correspondents, there are fourteen people or 97% of

total survey population will buy anti-nausea herbal candy designed by our concept
idea. And then, there are only two persons (3% of total survey population) who are
definitely not buy our product if it is available at market. By this interpretation, we
can conclude that anti-nausea herbal candy can compete with another existing antinausea herbal candy product which has been available at market. Then, the concept
which has been selected through the concept scoring is feasible to develop.
2.5 Perceptual Mapping
From concept testing, we get some positive responses with great enthusiasm
to the selected concept of this product and also some responded perception. We try to
38
display that perception visually with perceptual mapping technique, to show the
reason why the respondent have a great enthusiasm in our selected concept. In this
perceptual mapping we have reference product (concept), which is Antimo
(commercial anti-nausea tablet). Each concept will be scored based on parameter of
criteria in concept scoring. The greater performance concept in each criteria will be
placed outer than other. Table of score and perceptual mapping between new
(selected) concept and reference concept is showed in figure below.
Table 2.17. Each Concept Scoring
Criteria
Mobility
Practically to Use
Manufacturability
Effectiveness in Reduce
Score of Each Concept

Reference Concept
New Selected Concept
4
4
2
4
3
3
3
4
Motion Sickness
Side Effect
(Source: Personal data)
Perceptual maping of selected concept

Mobility
4
Side Effect
New Selected Concept

Practical to Use
Reference Concept (Antimo)
Effectiveness in Reduce Motion Sickness
Manufacturability
Figure 2.8. The perceptual mapping of selected and reference concept

(Source: Personal data)
Notes:
39
New Selected Concept: Anti-nausea medicine with herb active compound

and with the mechanism of impeding Muscarinic in the form of hard candy
Reference Concept (Antimo) : Anti-nausea medicine with chemical active

compound and with the mechanism of impeding Histamine in the form of
tablet which is absorbed actively in the body.
From Figure 2.8, we can see that the selected concept in each criteria is better
or same with the reference concept nothing worse than reference concept. The new
selected concept better than reference concept in some criteria, practical to use,
manufacturability and effectiveness in reduce motion sickness.
Anti-nausea medicine with herb active compound in the form of hard candy,
no water needed when its consumed (can be consume anywhere and
anytime).
Anti-nausea medicine with herb active compound in the form of hard candy,
can be easily to manufacture from caramelize sugar and mixed with herb
essential oil.
Anti-nausea medicine with herb active compound with the mechanism of

impeding Muscarinic which is the main neurotransmitter that causes nausea
symptom rather than Histamine impending (reference concept) and absorbed
actively in the body. This make new selected concept has more effectiveness
in reduce motion sickness.
In mobility and side effect criteria, our new elected concept and reference concept has
the same position. In mobility criteria, existing anti-nausea tablet (Antimo) has an
ergonomics size and packaging and also our new selected concept in candy form. But,
in side effect criteria we assume that our herbal anti-nausea medicine concept has
same mechanism with based chemical active compound medicine so it have same
side effect. We will find more valid literature to make sure how does herbal
mechanism in reduce nausea causes by motion sickness.
CHAPTER 3
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
The selected concept of our anti-nausea herbal medicine is in hard candy
form, which is impending Muscarinic and absorbed actively in the body. For more
description about this selected product concept, we explained based on our
specification in our first assignment, which are:
Based on ingredients, we will design anti-nausea product contained herbal
active compound as the main substance in reduce nausea causes by motion sickness
and also other supporting herbs and ingredients. We use other supporting herbs in
purpose to increase effectiveness of this anti-nausea medicine.
Based on herbs active compound, we have considering kind of herb in use to
create anti-nausea medicine. Those potential herbs are:
Ginger
Clove
Nutmeg
Peppermint
We will consider the source of active compound by its contained active compound
(more effective in reduce nausea), availability, synergism work also side effect.
Based on the performance, the medicine designed have the ability to reduce
nausea causes by motion sickness effectively replaced existing anti-nausea
medication contained chemical active compound. The effectiveness of this medicine
depends on product diffusivity related to carrier used. Also, this product designed
less harm side effect and with no drowsiness effect, which is the main side effect
causes by existing anti-nausea medicine. For that reason weve plan to combining
some herbs to increase effectiveness of medicine and avoid drowsiness effect in
nausea treatment. Although, its a herbal medicine, we designed this product have
38
long expired time (between 7- 12 month) with using natural preservative, like sugar
or peppermint. For the last, to repressing displeased taste from used herbs, weve
38
42
plan to added natural sweetener like sugar and mint to give refreshing effect evenly
in the mouth.
Based on the regulation, the medicine designed no alcohol contained which
another causes drowsiness effect in anti-nausea medicine used.
Based on product perception, the medicine designed has a good flavor and
practically in use (no additional instrument).
Based on the retail, the medicine which is in hard candy form will package in
sachet for one time consume, thus make this medicine is more easy to distribute and
easy to carry by consumer.
From that explanation above we summarize the final specifications of our
anti-nausea herbal medicine are:
Table 3.1. Final Specification
No.
Metric
Metric Unit
Ideal Value
Own
Patents
Ingredient
1
Herbal
16.67
16.67
US8137709 B1
11
concentration
Natural sugar
0.0001-1.5
1.2
WO 2002045714
content
A1
Product Performances
Herb Active
mg
7.69-10.31
Compound
5
concentration
Long lasting effect
A1
mg
7.69-10.31
(herb active
6
9
compound)
Expire time
Natural
US 20070048367
US 20070048367
A1
Time (month)
%
24
0.01 -2.5%
10
1.2
Survey
EP2209392 A1
Preservative
Concentration
16
(sugar)
Diffusivity
m/s
(*)
(*)
18
Mint
mg
2-5
US 5762963 A
EP 2124897 A1
Concentration
Packaging
13
Temperature
30
30
14
22
tolerant
Humidity tolerant
Weight
Rh
gram
30-90
15-35
70
30
EP 2124897
A1
Universitas
Indonesia
Survey
43
-_
Table 3.2. Final Specification (Cont1)
No.
Metric
8
15
20
Price
Distribution
Aesthetic Value
18
23
24
Flavor
product practical
Herbs Active
Metric Unit
Ideal Value
Retailing
Rupiahs
1,100-31,460
Unit/year
Subjective
Subjective
Product Perception
Subjective
Subjective
Subjective
Subjective
mg
7.69-10.31
Own
Patents
5,000-10,000
Subjective
Survey
Subjective
Subjective
Subjective
9
Subjective
Subjective
US 20070048367
Compound
A1
Concentration
4
Alcohol
concentration
harmful
mg
License
Regulation
0
MUI 2011
0.03
0.03 - 14.85
US 3662059
Yes
Yes
Survey
substances
concentration
(SLS, Flouride,
cellulose, dye,
12
titanium, silicate)
Recognition
(Source: Personal Data)
CHAPTER 4
CONCLUSION
Based on the report that the writers made, there are some conclusions that could be
taken:
1. The concepts weve chose are selected based on some criteria, which are mobility,
practically to use, manufacturability, effectiveness to reduce motion sickness, and
side effect(s)
2. From the scoring, the final concept that we chose is anti-nausea drug with herb
active compound and with the mechanism of impeding Muscarinic in the form of
hard candy which is absorbed actively in the body.
3. Criticism and suggestions obtained from the concept testing are related below:
Adding variants of flavors to the anti-nausea herbal candy, so it will be more

attractive to consumers.
Choose different forms of candies, to make it more attractive.
Need more information about the dosage.
4. From the concept testing, it is known that from 75 interviewees who are 100% a
university student ranging from age 18 to 23, there are 97% of the population who
is definitely wants to buy our product while only 3% of the population who is
definitely doesnt want to buy our product. So it can be concluded that our
product is accepted by the consumers.
5. The final specification of our product consist of the potential use of herbs such as
ginger and peppermint, adding natural sweetener to the product, no alcohol, good
flavors, and in form of hard candy.
44
REFERENCES
Aizam, Khairu. 2006. Extraction of Essential Oils from Ginger Rhizome Using Steam
Distillation Method. Thesis of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering,
University College of Engineering & Technology Malaysia: Volume 1: 34
Alankar, Shrivastava. 2009. A Review on Peppermint Oil. Asian Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research : Volume 2: Issue 2: 76
Ali, Badrekin., Blunden, Gerald., Tanira, Musbah. 2007. Some Phytochemical,
Pharmacological and Toxicological Properties of Ginger (Zingiber officinale
Roscoe): AReview of Recent Research. Journal of Food and Chemical
Toxicology: 46 : 409-420.
Andrykowski MA, Gregg ME.1992. The role of psychological variables in postchemotherapy nausea: anxiety and expectation. Psychosom Med 54 (1): 4858
Biodesign, 2014. Concept Selection. http://web.stanford.edu/group/biodesign/cgibin/ebiodesign/index.php/concept-selection, accessed online on March 7th,
2015, 1.09 PM.
Danilovic, Mike and Tyson R. Browning, 2007. Managing Complex Product
Development Projects with Design Structure Matrices and Domain Mapping
Matrices. International Journal of Project Management 25 (2007) 300
314Nobel, Mica, 2012. Product Concept Generation.
http://sites.tufts.edu/eeseniordesignhandbook/2013/product-conceptgeneration/, accessed online on March 12th, 2015, 1.07 PM.
Kressy, Matthew, et all., 2006. Product Design and Development.
http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/sloan-school-of-management/15-783j-product-
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design-and-development-spring-2006/lecture-notes/cls9_cncpt_sel_6.pdf,
accessed online on March 8th, 2015, 1.08 PM.
MSLAB, 2006. Product Design & Development.
www.mslab.boun.edu.tr/docs/ETM551Lecture06.pdf, accessed online on
March 12th 2015, 10.11 AM.
46
47
Wiley, John, 2013. Product Design and Process Selection.

http://www.wiley.com/college/reid/0471320110/pdf/i_ch03.pdf, accessed
online on March 12th 2015, 10.04 AM.
Ulrich and Eppinger, 2012. Product Design and Development. Minnesota: University
of Minessota.

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UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

(Source: private source)

A : Product which contains an effective nausea treatment

1.3.1 Existing Ideas

Figure 1.2. Existing herbal anti-nausea mind map concept

1.3.2 New Ideas

Figure 1.3. New herbal anti-nausea concept mind map concept

Figure 2.1. Product development process

Selecting product concept(s) is done after generating product concepts is

Figure 2.2. Concept development process

After careful screening of many needs, the manufacturer or designer will

situation changes. Concept selection requires an understanding of the rules of the

Figure 2.3. Concept development funnel

The processes will be given in details below.

order to support the effectiveness of anti-nausea herbal products performance to

Figure 2.4. Existing herbal anti-nausea mind map concept

Figure 2.5. New herbal anti-nausea medicine mind map concept

To facilitate the elaboration of the development concept that was selected in

Table 2.2. List of concept idea (cont1)

Table 2.3. List of concept idea (cont2)

(Source : reproduces from the literature and group discussion)

Table 2.4. Table of generated concept description

Easy to carry, good to

Easy to carry, good to

Easy to carry, good to

Easy to carry, good to

Easy to carry, good to

Easy to carry, good to

Easy to carry, good to

Less practical to carry,

Table 2.5. Table of generated concept description (cont1)

Less practical to carry,

Easy manufacture process, complicated

Easy manufacture process, complicated

Easy manufacture process, easy drug

Easy manufacture process, easy drug

Easy manufacture process, easy drug

Complicated manufacture process,

Table 2.6. Table of generated concept description (cont2)

Easy to carry, good to be

Complicated manufacture process, easy

Complicated manufacture process, easy

Complicated manufacture process, easy

Complicated manufacture process,

Easy to carry, good to be

Easy to carry, good to be

Easy to carry, good to be

Complicated manufacture process, easy

Easy to carry, good to be

Complicated manufacture process, easy

Table 2.7. Table of generated concept description (cont3)

Complicated manufacture process, easy

Easy to carry, good to be

Easy manufacture process, complicated

Easy to carry, good to be

Easy manufacture process, complicated

Easy to carry, good to be

Easy manufacture process, complicated

Easy to carry, good to be

Easy manufacture process, easy drug

Easy to carry, good to be

Easy manufacture process, easy drug