Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Electromagnetic waves are the waves in which electric and magnetic fields vary with time and
space with the same frequency. The variations of electric and magnetic fields are sinusoidal in
character and both of them vibrate perpendicular to each other and perpendicular to the direction
of propagation of the wave.
Conduction current is the electric current which exists in a conductor when the electrons flow in
the conductor at a uniform rate. So, it is the current in a conductor when the electric field remains
constant with respect to time.
Suppose E is changing w.r.t. time, then is also changing w.r.t. time. In this case the current in the
region is a displacement current (ID).
The current existing between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor is the displacement current.
Note that the conduction current is due to the flow of electrons, whereas the displacement
current is due to displacement of electrons in a time-varying electric field.
The importance of displacement current lies in maintaining a continuity to the path of current
flow through the capacitor.
Example 1.In a region in space, closed loops of are found. What is your conclusion regarding
flowing of actual charges across the area bounded by the loop.
Solution : Just because there are closed loops of present in a region in space, it does not
necessarily imply that actual charges flow across the area bounded by the loop. A displacement
current (such as that between the plates of a parallel-plate capacitor) can also produce loops of .
Maxwells observation : Conduction current I and the displacement current ID together possess
the property of continuity along any closed path. Hence