Department of Electrical Engineering

Electric Machines

Faculty Member:

Dr. Syed Abdul Rahman Kashif

Dated:

27 September 2016

Lab Engineer:

Engr. Yasir Manzoor

Semester:

Fall, 2016

Lab Engineer:

Engr. Nouman

Session:

BSEE-14

LAB-2 Magnetic Circuits Using MATLAB

Name

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Roll No.

Report Marks
/ 10

Viva Marks
/5

Total / 15

2.1 Introduction
MATLAB is widely used in electrical engineering like simulations of projects, modeling of electric
machines, graphical user interface designing, Implementation of algorithms etc. In this lab we will solve
magnetic circuits using MATLAB that we have studied in theory. Go through the example and solve the
lab tasks using MATLAB.

2.2 Example
Figure 2.1 shows a simplified rotor and stator for a dc motor. The mean path length of the stator
is 50 cm, and its cross-sectional area is 12 cm2. The mean path length of the rotor is 5 cm, and its crosssectional-area also may be assumed to be 12 cm2. Each air gap between the rotor and stator is 0.05 cm
wide, and the cross-sectional area of each air gap (including fringing) is 14 cm2. The iron of the core has a
relative permeability of 2000, and there are 200 turns of wire on the core. If the current in the wire is
adjusted to be 1A.
a. What will the resulting flux density in the air gaps be?
b. Plot area of air gap vs flux density, if area of air gap varies 1 cm2 to 28 cm2 on both side.

Figure 2-1 Schematic for example 2.1

2.2.1 Matlab Program

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Electric Machines %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% M- file: example 1_3.m (Electric Machinery Fundamentals Stephen J Chapman)
% Data for problem is given below
% What will be the flux density in the air gap
% Plot a graph between area of air (varies from 1 cm2 to 28 cm2) gap vs flux
density
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

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clc
lc = 50/100;
Ac = 12/(100*100);
lr = 5/100;
Ar = 12/(100*100);
lg1 = 0.05/100;
lg2 = 0.05/100;
Ag1
Ag1
Ag2
Ag2

=
=
=
=

%
%
%
%
%
%
%

Mean Path Length of stator

Cross sectional area of stator
Mean path length of rotor
Cross sectional area of rotor
Length of first air gap
Length of second air gap
Area of air gap

linspace(1,28,100);
Ag1/(100*100);
linspace(1,28,100);
Ag2/(100*100);

ur = 2000;
% Relative permeability of core
n = 200;
% Number of turns
i = 1;
% Current in the wire
u0 = 4*pi*10^(-7);
% reluctance of stator
rs = lc/(ur*u0*Ac);
disp('Reluctance of stator is (rs) = ')
disp(rs);
% reluctance of stator
rr = lr/(ur*u0*Ar);
disp('Reluctance of rotor is (rr) = ')
disp(rr);
% reluctance of air gap
rag = lg1./(1.*u0.*(Ag1));
disp('Reluctance of air gap is (rag) = ')
disp(rag);
% total reluctance
rt= rs+rr+2.*rag;
disp('Total Reluctance (rt) is = ')
disp(rt);
% magnetomotive force applied to core
f=n*i;
disp('Magnetomotive force (f) is = ')
disp(f);
% total flux
phi = f./rt;
disp('Total flux (phi) is = ')
disp(phi);
% flux density in air gap
fd = phi./Ag1;
disp('Flux density in air gap (fd) is = ')
disp(fd);
% area vs flux density in air gap
plot (Ag1,fd,'r');
xlabel('Area of air gap');
ylabel('flux density in air gap');
grid on

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2.2.1.1 Results

Figure 2-2 MATLAB results

Figure 2-3 Area vs flux density

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2.3 Lab Task 1

A ferromagnetic core is shown in Figure 2-4. The depth of the core is 5 cm. The other dimensions
of the core are as shown in the figure. Find the value of the current that will produce a flux of 0.005 Wb.
With this current. (Assume that the relative permeability of the core is 800)
a. What is the flux density at the top of the core?
b. What is the flux density at the right side of the core?

Figure 2-4 Schematic for lab task 1

2.4 Lab Task 2

A ferromagnetic core with a relative permeability of 1500 is shown in Figure 2-5. The dimensions
are as shown in the diagram, and the depth of the core is 5 cm. The air gaps on the left and right sides of
the core are 0.050 and 0.070 cm, respectively. Because of fringing effects, the effective area of the air
gaps is 5 percent larger than their physical size. If there are 300 turns in the coil wrapped around the
center leg of the core and if the current in the coil is 1.0 A, what is the flux in each of the left, center, and
right legs of the core? What is the flux density in each air gap?

Figure 2-5 Schematic for lab task 2

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2.5 Lab Task 3

A two-legged core is shown in Figure 2-6. The winding on the left leg of the core (N1) has 600 turns, and
the winding on the right (N2) has 200 turns. The coils are wound in the directions shown in the figure. If
the dimensions are as shown, then what flux would be produced by currents i1 = 0.5 A and i2 = 1.0 A?
Assume r = 1200 and constant.

Figure 2-6 Schematic for lab task 3

2.6 Lab Task 4

A core with three legs is shown in Figure P1-5. Its depth is 5 cm, and there are 100 turns on the leftmost
leg. The relative permeability of the core can be assumed to be 2000 and constant. What flux exists in
each of the three legs of the core? What is the flux density in each of the legs? Assume a 5% increase in
the effective area of the air gap due to fringing effects.

Figure 2-7 Schematic for lab task 4

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