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tffi {b~ [D tt rt CliQr.

®wL/ - ®wmu = ®L!l-6(f)!T1h iIlJ6Tr, (la-rf). u~fDJj®Lbrou. (f!l_.Q1J Q~. G)c9ifTWU (kompa).

@jWLf - «!juLI· ®uuw = 1. ~L._LLb. "®uuw!h~fJffiJ r!];QrorrolJ6lJrrLb" (®{bfDrr. ~6lJ. 8) GlftiJ a=61ff. 8). 2. @~UJ6iJ. 3. Q5"WULQJIT (r!!j'4-ma:~ {i;lt;lroYr, Q{DtU'P)blJ !J~#!iJ{b.J!)fllr. 6T-@ : {ljrry)(51@jUUW, LD~58i @juuw. 4. [fJrrL_@u4!D~ Ultbg)JTrt. ®uuci;a;rr@ = uL'4-J;a;rr@. 5. cfPIL~, 8irr@. (UJrfu.). uurn, ®wu (kumpa).

@jUUW (r!1n.L_t_w) - Q~. ®uu, &. ®i.JGu.

6

(U~WUfT~1J1- [bfTL@) W6mQ)~ Q1[JffLrT. "®wrf}a; (]a;rr@ffiJ Qa;rr@r6Jc!hLru QCJ)rrrorrGYT" (5/Q)u.l1 : 20). 6. dPlGlI6Tr QUUJrt Ga;rrmrL ~.f!)J. " 6lJ L (g 6lJ riv a; L ~ Q {h 6irr ® l1J rfl " ( Q ;?i tt 6iJ . U IT t6l.) 7. (r!!j LD rfl LD ~lfHiU rn UJ $6 Q ~ 6ifr Q m fiiiJ GlfHiU UJ fT 8J 6lj Lb ® LD rfllU tt tb rom!D Will L Q6lJ6lJrn6lJUJ tt c!h6lJ ffiJ Q 8irr GlRrTl_ U y>wu tt 6irir L.Sf- fJJrT ®, ®LDrflJia;mr i.ub.

®LDrfl (!!JL@ ((r!!JwrfJuJl(!9L(E))" ®wrflQJ fT 6m!J) ViT Qr U~ {i}GYT 6lOW6"6>lLJ ILfw,' (r!!jwrfJ (lGlJLLW, @jwrfJuGurrrT ViT6hTu6M (!JJ#jGlJ [ffi8iJjJ#UJ6mUJ lLJ tb; (!!!JwrfI U U6mL, ®wrfl LlJ~6lJ 6T r;;M U6lT ~ ~ UJ tr !KJ 6lfJ61JrnW(i5)UJ ILl W

•• •

lL Vi5riT tr {!j /!Jl L.D.

®LDrT, @jLD(Jrn, (r!jwrf/, 6T~WJc§ QCFrrWCJ)L®i> @f)tOWL {i}6'fTtOIDLD 6T~UC:;2i ~LSi-uumLuGurr®Gtr. ~. G[DfT : (!JJ®® = {i}W6mW, (!JJ(!!j® - (yJ®c$~ = {i}6m6lf (!96M, @wt;f6irrJ Ql6Tr GYf] LDrQID" fT6TT ~, ®{l5l <§m {ffl ruthQ ~tiJ6lJ Lb.

QJ LJ;) ill fT ~ UJ tr 61T rt, @jLD fJ ® us rfl UJ ~ fJ ~ rfI UJ $6 Q ~ tlJ 6lJ L1) IT 8i 6lf W , ~ QJ IT Q u UJ m '7 ~ rfl UJ # Q CF IT VJiJ 6U tr a; 6lf ffiJ 8i tt L L 6iJ a 6l.I ~ '-'1-, ® UJ f7 roir 6T ffi U 6"6) J2j a, ® u: rr (J 6T W jJ)J W (:'!j LD rfJ 6T ~ U m;:li 8i @jUJrrrf et 6ig .!J)J W Ff {iJ {D UJ SJJ u5I rt tE L lSI- ' LD a; 6ir LD 8) m 6T v;Fsr.!J)J (yJ 6"5) {D a UJ Q u tt (!!j6Yr @jpS/1h!!J, @jLDfTr;r 6T ~ um~,J; @j + LD(Tl7 6T till.f!)J 51 m~I>.f!JJ" '6T6YfJj)6U @/DUU ~' (veasily dying") 6Tm JD1 QUrT(!!JL BicrromtUJriu

•

8njJ)J QJ tr.

@jwcrw (:!!jwrfJ 6TW~~ G'l5fTtDa;L®iJ {hWl~V!O {i}6?flGYTf@m {i}~6YT6m~ 6T~C;!D UJ~p5J, LD8i~ LD8im ~mW1th QUfT®61fJ6iJmru, {i}6iJ6l1J® QCFn'{br!J)L®w @)W ~ffiuG{h e!:PfiUW 6T~ !J)Jw" ~rflUJ~ Q {hrr r;;A-r W8> a;~ {hu U l.SJ- (yJ(!!j<!htDtr §]6lJ~ r9>@j LDaJ~ tOT,m) ~ tb, sur 6Yfl ~ QJ Wi J; ® LD 8) GlT IT 8) IT GTr et 6M .f!)J ib, «t 61fJ if ro6l [D U U fP ®y; u U (!!j 6}) i3 $I ~ w !iJ YJ U U (!!j GlI {h $J ~ us ~ pSI UJ y> U u C!9 QJ j, j;t 6616iJ 67JHiV Q lLJ 6"trr jJ)J w, ~ {15J {hGU c: QJ~(£J W.

@~ ~d (Jj~LDfii?flUJiJ IJ)JT 8;r!J)C!:P4-tlJ tr {h tE ~® (c!!jLDr;T W Vir GifT.fl)J @(!9c9i8) eott WIT 6T fiifff JJ)J Q U~TI"sJ-fr G6/ 6M6lJ6lJm~tLfw, "G8JrT IJ1-cF Go: ~GlJJ;@ ~® G1 QJ 61r 6m <OfT " ® LD rfl u Q u mr romt tb ® ~ C!!J OJ 6Tr 6"G) W " et 6M W W u!pQLJ)rr~~UJUJLiJ, (]fljlTci;®a;. ®w - ®W6'5lLD - Q8JrrW6mLO = {i}61T ~ Ln. (i) eu tr.) .

in ~ ill IT a; IT {h @ m 6YT @ m fill lLJ W {i} (iID 6fT 6lJ) C§ m UJ UJ ib Q 5 6iJ GlJ Qr Qa:rOiJG"6I6T~.J!)J ~mLQr!f,rr@iJffJu QUUJrr ®p5]uu~" @LDfJt4tr (!!JLDrfI 6TmU()61 QJLQc!FfT6UQGlJ~~Lb ~pSJUJrTfitfHnG'5)UJ ~~UU~L_UJfT r!J)a; Q 9ifT rom L.{!Jl. G'I c!F 6VQJrON Q CF 6iJ6l1! 6T ffi.!!)J WVirJriT Wc1;!J)6m6YT J; ®{!5J uuC: {h uujt.m pjQ)fTQ), Master, Miss 6T6fiT~LiJ ~~La;6m61T @6'6f}a, ®LDfJ~ ®wrfJ ~m-G!D f!juSl~tjJ ®pSJa,8J.

6

(uyHhUfT~liI- {DrTL@) LD~6lJtf, Q;2jrrLrt. "®wrf)a; (;t!];rr@ffiJ (8)fT@r6Jr!J)L~ (8)rrfifr",," (5/fitJU. 71 : 20). 6. ~fiilIW G'JLJUJrT Q8ifT~L ~.f!)J. "QlLC:QJffi.t8)L~ Q{h6irr@jwrff' (G) ;?jfTQ)' u rruSl.) 7. ®wrf} to ~ Q) rn ILl ~ Q $h 6irr Q m 6iJ m fit) UJ rr a; 6lJ Lb ® LD rfl UJ tr tb rn!D QI L QQJ&vmOlJUJrT CfJ6lJtilJ QQ;rr~L uy;wurrrdrrLq- fDrr(£J, @jLDrflci;a;6fuLw.

®LDrfI(f§L@ (@jWrfJu5l®L(jj)), @jwrflQJrrmlJ) ~WU6ZfT (i/WGlOLD6tf)lLJ ILJw,· ®LDrfJ ~QJLLLi>, @jwrf/uC:urr!T 6T~um (!JJpj6lJ !EJ(JjlP#~6mUJ uub; ®LDrf/uumL, @jLDrflLD~6iJ 61arum ~ySJUJrr t6J6'lfJfil)mLD~UJlLJw

•• •

lLVim" fT {!j.§l LD.

@jwrr, ®W(JoN, @!jwIfl, 6T~WJc§ Qa:rrtDc!J)L®i> f;I(J~L (i/6'lTmw fiTQrruC:~ ~liI-uumLi.JG1urrC!!JGtr. ~. G{DfT : (yJ([!;® = (i/m6G)LD, C!:P®® ~ (!:fJ(f§c!JjQrr = (i/61f)61T ®~, @jLDt;T<Oir, Q/6lr 61f) LJ)Vim" fT6TT 6bT, ®t& ~§J {ffl fiU{iJQ rfDuJQJ w.

Q/ L Q LlJ tt ySJ UJ tr ett rt, ® UJ fJ @jLD rfJ UJ 61f)/1 ~ rfJ UJ jj Q ~ til 6lJ W tt 8i <01f W , ~QJrt GUUJm(J ~rflUJct QCFrT~filJrr9J6lfrfu r!JirrL._L~ aru~l1I-' @jW'7 Qrr et tDirr u ~ fh Ji ® LD tt if 6T 6ifr .!J)J W ® LD rfJ 6T mum {lJ 8; @jLDfTrf 6T m ..Jl)J W IT rb {D UJ ~ u5J rt tB L lJI-, LD t!h fOirr LD 8i m 67 6irr.f!)J c!p m fD a UJ QUfT@Qr ®pS!:iJ~, (r!!jLDfTfJ 6Tmum~8; @j + LDrTfJ 6T~.J!)J fiJfjlf)~/JfM' '6I<OtfJiJ6iJ @{DUU ~' ("easily dying") 61rn.!J).J QUrT(!!JL a;[J~UJffiJ

•

8nJ!)J QJ tr.

@jLD r;r ~ @wrfl 67 6ig ~ c§ Q IF IT [b OJ L® ~ {!J u5l ySJ fiv (i/ 61J) GlT ® ffi (i/~ 61T 6"lO<§ et roiT<J{D UJW pS!, LD8iW W8iQr et rm ~ th GJ U tr ®61fJ6b 610 6lJ. (i/6iJ6UJ® G)a:n"{ba;L@jW @)W ~mua{D eyJfit)UJ 6T~ !J)Jw, ~rfJUJ/J Q ~rT W wei, 8i6n1{lju U iii- (yJ([!jCh67ir 51QJWJ J>® Wal61rr 6T ~ ~ ill, 8jrr GYfI ~ QJ ~ J; ((!j LD a; 6YT tt a; rr rofr 67 rDifr .f!)J ib, et 61fJ i) rol [D U u:f!P ® YJ i.J u (f!j 6lJ ~ it iW w tiJ y; u U @QJ tt f) iJJl LDGifT pSI us Y; U U ® 6lJ ~ i) rohiU 61SHiV QUJ~jJ)Jw, ~p5JthfiiJ C:6lJ~@t.h.

@t6{lj# &~LDmUJ~ .fMT a;8)(!:pllJ-lUrT ~ {8 ~([!j (c!jLDI)' v;M ~6tr!!)J @®ci;a; eotr WfT et rffi.!J)J Q umr llJ-tT Q)J 'iirfT 6lj6lJm~ILfLh, "Gr$rr ll-8: Go: 61S>6lJ8J(:!!J ~C!!> QQJGYr6106TT, ®LDrfluQumr~[b® fP® UJm~w" fiT~~LiJ ufj)QLDrTySJmUJUjw, G[9rr8J(c!!)(J). ®w - @jWrnLD - Qe;rrWVJIDLO = @61TalLD. (iJfOlJrr.J.

LD (jjffi" LD tt 8i tt {h (i/ m 6Tf (§ 6"lfH)~ UJ t.b @ m 6fT ~ @ ~w)lLJ UJ tb G) CF 6U GlJ Qr Qa:6lJ6l1I ~6ir.!J)J ~mLQQ,rT@~f!Ju QUUJrr ®pJ!uu,gu, (:!!JWfJtDtr ®wrfl urmU6JT QJLQCFfTruQfilJQr~L.b ~{l5lUJfTmLD~UJ c!JILfl-Uu~LUJfTr$a; Q 8ifTfilfM L.{!JJ. Q Cf GbQJ~ G cr 6iJQ)] fiT~ j})J W<iirJOf W8;dJ)6'IDGYT 8; ®{l5J uuC: {h w(JufTpj6lJrrru, Master, Miss fiTrofu~LD ~~L_a;6tf)61T @~9; ({!jLDr;r6ir ®LDrfI 6T6!rG[lJ {ljuflySJ[b ®pS!ci;a;.

.

u rr QJ rr 6GUT rr

7

@jW - ®wuSl = 1. ~8i ®6"5J~'!JIJ1-/J{ljGlJ. 2. ~ffiJffiJWW ~'-9-~{hrT®W 6l1J rn W UJ rr L@. 3. dPI Gil 6l1J 6IDG1T U1 tr L._(£Ju u tr L_@.

to. ®wu5}, G~. QCJ)fTuiJ1 (gobbi.)

@jW - Qa;rrw - QaifTwmw. Gt!hfTW601LD GChrrL@fhw == mc9i fDLll1-

• •

UJ m y! {h{h su.

@jW - @jWLj - @jwi5J®. @jwUJ(j;);2jQJ = rna;®G5IiJ~ 6l1~a;8)<§ Ge:tU~GiJ. ux. ®wUJ@.

®wt5)@ - @jwLf@ = .. 6'ID<fh«!J661J;®w 611 tiWc9; a; t..h.

@jLDLj - r!TnJiJLj. cfnJ])L/fD6U == 1. (:!JG"5I{fJru. "Qc!FtUUJ BlWGlJ LD6UrT cmWU" (~!DL{lj. ~[i,iJafJfT. 2.). 2. ~@ffiJ@j{h6U. 3. ~J;r!Jir!iJ @j~lDPiru. "QJLQJtT fiillfTL8> @jL6lJrT an_t1Ju" (UL_LfI-~u. 276) .

•

ux. Cfn.Lf)Lj.

c!Tn.wLJ == 1. JJG:1WfTL(f;J. "{hrrrny>4 8n.Lbu661~th{lj G6lJrr~g" (8}f/j. §Jw. 49). 2. G{hrtQWfTL@ (i)QJrr.). 3. ChUU{b UfTtULD'lW. "cmwLJ (yJ{ljw(!jJpSlUJ Q)ffiJ@jtSJ~ UJro5I~~.~/' (LD~. 4 : 30).

us .. 9iLwLj, s: an_(]6lJ.

~ W LJ - em U 4· an_ U 4 {lJ 6U = ® v;6J /J {h rob. "8i tt ~ 6lJ tLf ill fT 6tfHiU ILf r!iJ Olfh9;,f&U tSJ 8> Birr GiJGJ {hfT @~fTiv" (fD6'5f) u u tt),

@jW - @j(y) ~ - (!!;C!:P{ljw = r!Jj~Q fJ rr G1f! u5J {b r!TnwL/QJ rfhrr c!h5 Q CF rr~6lJu u@t1J ~LbU6U. «!jWcPpj6U == an.@{hru. @j~{h6U.

®C!P~w - QJ. @j(!jJ{h.

fiill L Q LDfT ySJ UJ tt GYT IT ®CI:P {hw et ~W1 w Q c!F tt 6lJ6lf)6lJ 6lJ t.: G c!F tr GU6lJfT C/i9> 8i tt L/_ ru G QJ mrr lSI-, ~ rn {h Jj @j + (yJ {Ii et W jJ)J L.5J rfl ~ fbl, er 6N 6JT LD~y;Uj:~I!" 6TfDiTWtb lL~rt #U1 J!d,L(£IQJ{ljrT BiLl (exciting what joy!") Q u tt ® L8i fJ ~ UJ ffiJ r!1n_ J!)J 6lJ rT. c::!)J 6lJ fr G a= rr tb Q u tt (!9 6fT Q c!Ji rr Gfu L 6lJ 6rj) r!Jj QJ C!!JLD fT.!J)J :

t!Jn_ (~® GVl~rr#Qa=fT6iJ) - @j = 6T6lIrufT.f!)J (how), (!:P~ = w£iJ{p#!iJ Goy).

®(yJ{Dj,~m LD.f!)JQ UUJIJ fTIJI ~LbufiiJ 616irrWc§ G;)gfTGiJ ~/l.b, {!juS! y>u Q u tt ®L_a;IJ~UJfh6l5)~a UJ 6ll~'4jJ)J~.f!Jl W.

~wuroiJ = GUf7C!!>WL/. ~wu6iJ - ~WUQJ = r!JjiJQvrrtDYfJu5J{i> (]UfJeg,w4Gurr{iJ ®6UJlLJw WOVrT.

® w(!jJ ~6iJ = «!J fiBl {h GiJ, e!:P@{ljQJ, ~ ~ L j, {!jQ) , ~ 6l5l ~rm {D fh GiJ, ~ 6Yf}

• • •

@j6lf){D{Dfit). @jLD - 8iLD.

a;ul;)w6M ru = V16lnCF lLI LffiJ8itb ®{l51 u4· "s.n 6JT (!:prfil a;wG,) wViM [lJ~a lD" (~tb. 154).

8

<Tn. Lj,j} ~ 6Tr v;rr QJ fT r!F fiv U 6U a;~ CJj a> GTT Q UJ 6lJ6lJ tt t.b ~ ~ L/J ~ 6l1J LLJT6U, !LGiTGv;rr 8JLbQw~[l5J@8i®w (1L.fil1.).

8iWG)ww[l5J® = (JUr!FfT gp ~fW)wi'UJfTu5J@.

S;W(Ij){ljQJ = 1. ®v-ru @jGkT/!)J1h6lJ. "QwQ-r®O"vlJ a;wLDrrC:w" ((!!jLDf}". t5}IJ. (yJrJj~J;. 18) 2. ~GYf] ®Q)!D~6iJ.

c!liW - &t.DwQ, = 1. @jfJfit)~LU4' G)~fT~~L8;8)WLDGiJ. 2. t06Imw8:<!FdJ @j6lJ){DGl/. uuiJ rt aiWLDru(T tlJ u au rruJJ {b jf)J. 3. oV1rnQ)8; @j6a)!D6lJ. Ql/rn6V a;L.bLDfil)rru51®8i~!Dt!U. (W).

8iW - 8iwuSJ = ®m{Dril!. u /JffJle!§u fT a;t.bu51UJ rrt6J@J;fi)!Df!JJ. Q,wu)] - !'!__. 8)w.

e!P(£J~[b 8)@i>it~~9)J LJ)~{lJuLf' dPJL8;8iW_, w@ww ~!iJUJ 8i®~~ci>9iGtr a~fTViM J!)Jw.

. ... . . ." .

(fljw - ®c!::p - (!!j(!jJ8I® - Oi(YJCJj({!j - 8)(Jp8)a;LD = LD(!!;W QlL8">8)LD. e!:PL!l-8)

Q8irr~'-9-@j~:!DfT~ 8l(y>9,a;w_, ~{D!A1hrrGiJ QQJLLQQJ~." (uy>J

••• •••

8i(!:fJ8ir!J)8)8)(T fJ m = .dPI L_8)c!Jj(!jJ61T GTrQJaT .

~6lJa>fJ ~!61!JU U;fJ~9,® ~LDrt~iJ6?fTrn~# QCTuJiJfij ~fT6tfJGiJ QQJ61fI6lJ ®w6l/rn!J 8i(!p8; 8iwrr IiJ 6m QJ /JiJ ®[t,~fT IT a;Gi1".

@jW - ®wLJ = ®wuLb = @jfifiJIf,~ i)'7IiilfrrlSJ-®9;®LD 8;61.H.D. 2. @jWU <ilIL9-61Jrrw GWtDCliLUf-LW (dome). 3. @jWUW aurr~!D Ulrr~67iT LD~rnL_. 4. (~Lbu (]QJfT61f>fJ. 5. ®LhuLJ)fT~Lb (wrrg}). @jWUW - QI. @jWU (kumpha).

®wurTl5JG~aiLb grn~ Lb <OlJLQ<!FfT6U6'5>6lJc9; ®wu(y)@c!i;® OT~C:{D Q 5 rr @J6lJ61Jrrtb,. (f!JL(!JJ(!JJ9,@J 6T W JJ)J Q r!F fT 6U6lJ c: QJ mr lSJ-UJ i) Q,t05>6t).

••• •• oj. •

®LDUUJ - ®LDUfT = ~6IDfJ a; ®LDU QJLf/-6lJfT6?fT LDfTmYJUJorrM al6lJLD.

@jLDuJi @)/ 1 b = c: {lJrf/w C!:PliI-

<!TrL@ ~~gJ1w ~6ID6lTt61,m tfj!8){p8ifT6lJ QQJ#-!FW (Infinitive mood), ILLQr ~@ f}@ tITrn~tb ,g;®66J (3 ~w) (]rutD!IJlmLD 1Lf®41];Qr (Jurr~ ?LL_ffi1a;sPci~u Qurr®m ~@LiJ.

6T-@ : [DrTlLuJn.L (fbrr(;}UJfT@) fbWOJ 6lJ~::OfT6trr.

{l>{h61f>'li8n.L_ (~£hm~QUJrr@) LlJa;~w ufTl1J-6Mrrrokr.

@jW ~tOiT~Lb 6Ulmw sn.@ 6TriTU~6irr 9@G;]urr®L G)S:fT~ (synonym) 6lJfT{h6lJfToU, ®WLD 6Tm-~W tf)/c!JjY;Q;fT6U Wlm631QUJ8=5W CTn_L_ (with, together, together with) fiTwu§JjC:urr6lJ l:LL~a;lP#U1u Q u tt C!!Jrirr {hf! GiJ c: QJmu@Lb.

@jLbLl)~ (®6'8IUJru) - L. cumulus, a heap, pile, mass.

L. cumulo, to heap up.

•

urrQJrrQrrIT

9

~riu~ruw cumulus fiTw~Lb @~:i>~~ Q~fTQ,661~m.[l)J cumulate (@jwwroJ@) 6TWWw 66/vmOMtfF G'J§fT~~6lJ~ C:~rr{bjf)JQ)J8;®w. ~~615f1~.!J)J accumulate (ad+cumulate) 6Tw~Lh 6111altiilfT#QdFfT6U

•

~@LD.

cumulus ~~W~ Q~fT6iJ6"6J6irr ~llI-UJfT6M cum 6TWUf!P, @6lJ~~6lffJ6iJ ~LOOC1i~q5Ju G;)urr®6tr QjJfOirrGJbMrrLLrr8iU (pref.) QU(!!jriilly;>4 r!1i(nll riill YJ riit @j!i:l ~ {D f!P .

fiT-(£): cum bona venia = with your kind indulgence. cum grana salis = with a grain of salt.

cum muItis aliis = with many other things.

cum notis variorum = with notes of various. (critics). cum privilegio = with privilege.

cum 6"T~WJw @6VdJ~m (y)(ii~TQtiilfTrTL_®~ (y)~[b8J~ com 6"Tw.!J)J @rf1rf,iIJl t5Jdrmrr GlJ®<§G"J§fTru (yJ{ljQ6lJ@$~tba8i{bu con, col, cor er ~ jJ)J Lb c: 6)J!f)J u(f;J ~w {lJ f!P.

6T-@: combustum, commodus,

. .

commumco, compemum;

concretus, condemno, confero, conservus; collabor, collega; corrector, corruptus.

~ ffiJ $IGlJ ~ iJ ru J$T {iJ )})J a w6"lffJ {fJ rr cb u tt ~ Q r!F tt {b 8i 61r @ 6U ~ ~ rGlfT tt ~ 6lJrT 6i> I com, con, co 1, cor et 6irr~ t.b (!:pwQ rn L_(])Jei; r!J)~G'fT J; Q ClirT rdM L_ c;, (F tr {b8l6ir tifT if tt 6fT LDrTlU GlJ y;>ffil(!!j6lJ ~ ~Ji Birr ~ eotr tb.

fiT-@: combine, commence, compos, communicate; concord, condole, confuse, console; collect, college; correspond, corrode

c om et GisT gu W @ su ~ ~ ~ (!JJ rDMQ 6?iT rr L_ (£I, co er ~ .f!)J w (!!).!J).J ~ I @6lJ ~ ~ ~ tb ~ 6lJ @)p5l U t5J LL et (g) iJ f!JJ d; e; L'_® (yJ<Okr f@)l zh, ~ffiJ$)Q)iJ5) Q) 6T6UQ)fT 6T (!:Pj,§JJ&BiL@!J (yJ6"6r ~ Lb! cOl}!J)r6J ®w.

"co -, pref. L short form of com - (cum prep. with), used in - L. only before vowels, h, gr, and (in the correct classical form) D, but in E. as living pref before any letter." 6Ttikr!f)J The Concise Oxford Dictionary cfTn_!J)JtjjGU )

fiT-@ : @6lJ~~6!r.

coarguo, cognosco, cohabitare .

•

~~516\)lh

co-adjust, co-oeducation, co-operate, coheir, co-partner, co-religionist, co-tenant, co-worker.

10

1Q_L~c!hY>ciUJu QUfT®@!JfiWrT/J/[)JLn ®w (cum) ~WWJW @Q)$h~6M (!JJ ~ Q ~ tr L@ , $J G r;r 8J 8i rj) $I coiJ at ill (sum) er Gir J!)J j;I rfJ ~:!Jl Gff er §JJ. ~ m {h ~ ffi.t &:J 6lJ fr 8:1 w ( s ym) et W.!J)J i) rfI iJ f!JJ GlJ YJ ffiJ ~ QJ !h ~ ® 8; ~rill"[lJ~rT. ~:iij;lrflLJW, syn, syl v;rrm.!J)J 6lJ®<t9Ge:rrw CI:P{h~{ba9i[hu C:QJ.J!)JU@W.

fiT-@ : symbol (sumbolon), sympathy (sumpatheia), symphony (sumphonia), symposium (sumposion), symptom (sumptoma);

synagogue (sunagoge), syndic (sundikos), synonym (sunonumon), syn ... tax (suntaxis), synthesis (sunthesis);

syllable (sullabe), syllepsis (sullepsis), syllogism (sullogismos).

aT L.b (6rU~ tb) 6T ~ ~ t..b !i:J (] IJ 8i a; 9d._ L ~ Bi!p 8: fiI u QUIT (!!J Gir (YJ em Q~fTL@, !i:JG(T8J9l (DrTLLfJ-tb@cT, 8:Jy;;J;§iJ~ G{hfTm{l5lUJ fl6mYJ UJfTrfJUJ~iJ~ 6YlJW (sam) v;r<iN.!J)J ilrfltb~tii1rGTf.t!U.

@ riu ®Ji g rn y> I1J tt rfj tu W 6T rill flJ ~ , c: 6lJ Ih ~ rf) UJ rfI ~ (!jJ 6¥ a 6lT tt rT , @~jiJUJ rr6l1J rh® 6lI(!!J(YJrDM fOFlJ rr~J;@jtlJ Birr [6ffDrr if ~iJ tb®w @6IDLU u L_ L tbJ 6lJ U U ®~ u5J GiJ 6lI@J6i)®/h{haUfT.fM 6lJ!J) ffiJ ~ 6lI!f, 1E Q lIJ tt ySJ

•

UJrT@!jlIJ.

n.t.: GifT (r!Tn.L), 9d._Lffi 8n..llJ-Ul, ChQ) ~~, Bi6lJ~,gu, rffJ 66) {1JQJ tr Bi 6T W .!J)J Q U tt (!!J61r u@w 61lJW 6T r;;iu- Wi Lh (!jJwGlr;wr fT L6rJ) LU Q U PJ{!J (yJ~rfM rJlLD UJ tr 6N Q e: fT dJ s. Sn-, @6irr.f!)J ~ LD [b ~ ® ~ ~ $I 6iJ .J[)/T {iJ.!J)J 8i Ch ~ 8; r!J) tt 9i

•

fOlJrorrViff m.

6T -@ : 61VWJitU tr, 6llJwc!i;(J 8), 6JlJW8;1J rr !hi), 6llJ t.ba,®~, 6YUwa;, 6WWc!JjL_, 61VW8>j), 6llJW8>LD, oruwaJI}", oruw c!1)Q;U , 6TUW~~, 6'tlJw€lfrth~!D, 6TUt.bgl}"~, OfUWa:tT, 5lVwU1~, oruLD~6>ll~, 6YUWfljrTU, 6'TUw~rr!6, 6TU w c: flj tt fiil!J1, 6Jl) W ~ UJ tt 6YU , 6'f1J WU ~ , ,6)1) Lb U $ {h, om W U GlJ ,

• • • • • • •

6YVLDU tt (T, 6lVllJU rrQJ{lj, 6l1JLDU tt ~VinT, 6l1JLDU r;r {!j, 6YULDUr;r ~rr UJ,

ou W U r;r 1l> rr !6, ffi) W U a U tt 8Oi/J Vim" , sru W g tT rD6lfT r 6W W c: U tt r!J), 6YU W c: U tt ~~, 6llJ tbu: i), 6TULD c: toen ~, oru wlLf 1h{D, will] UJ fT 8i,

• •• • •

6YU LD r;r fFaftJ ~ I 6lV LJ) QJ ~ 6W fJ, 6YU LJ) QJ fT ~, 6YU LD Gl!J1 UJ-, 6'YlJ LD UJ,

• •• ••

6YU LD tt u u ~ , 6lV LD6YV {lJ, ~ LD tr 6lU, 6YU to tt a: r!F tt IJ, 6W (!:fJ IF IF UJ ,

6YU (lj) {h tr UJ , oro eyJ ~ , 6llJ a L.D :2i, 0I1J W 6iv ciJ ® {!j , 6TU W 6iu 8) fT 17 ,

• • • • ••• •

5YU LD e1C§ tr, Oft) LD 6YlJ{lj fT !D, 6YU toeu rr 8i, 6TU LD 6YU IT tr, 6W LD ~ fT fJ ,

6YUW~ rJljfT.

6llJt.D ~~~th (y>~Q~rrL_(f;J 01lJ~ 6Tm.f!)J tb i)rflUJW. ~.afbfT : 6YU~8iLD[V, 6llJa~fT {hr;r.

6WW ~~~L.b (yJwQ~fTL_@ '6Yl)' 6T~JJ)Jt.iJ @j.!J)J®W. 6T-@ : 6)lJai6l) (lFr!J)grrar) = iL®QJ~ ~®C:LD~.

•

•

UIT6lJITQNIT

I 1

~ ffiJ ffiJ 61fT W, ® Lb 6T ~ ~ W G'I ~ ~Q CF tt 6iJ, ~ rfJ UJ G) LD IT y5J c9i GYfJ 6iJ (yJrn!DGUJ, @jW - 8iW. 8)W - r!/j~ - (]a;rT. @jW - 6'1lJ-ot.b, 6YV-OW - 6JVW - 6lV

6T riiffr JJ)J i) rfI ~ ffJl firr G1T ffJ/.

~ffiJ.$J 6lJW @jW 6TW U ~~8; dhLb et ffi.f!)J ~6l5J iJ rfI rjif!)J W QJ rfJ (6T @~ ,fl).iJ 5)rfJdJr!JJ{f~, ~6M.f!)JW ~61f)6m"U4# Qa:rr&iJ61J{f 8j (conjuction) 6l.JfPffilti:J QJ ®.$J 6!r [lJ gJ.

ror-@ : pension-cum-provident fund.

agri cu I ture-cum - ind u stry.

6lVW 6Tru@llw (y)~G)61JTfTL._@ 9LD£b~®~i;~{b (JUfTtiiMa{D GI@j1fJ Q LD IT y5J u1J iW Lb Q U ® QJ y> #, Birr 8i G1J G1r G1T ffP . a LD ~H;U UJ rr rfl UJ c!:p W OJ V tt ~ ®~(y)ffiJ 8i61J {6~i!Jl (]QI {DQ LDfT y5J Q UJm- .f!)J W, G 6lJ r$JG LDfT y5J H.J L.b ~uSl @ffiI 8i6U 1>fhfbl CF w{bliJ (!!j {Jj Q LD~ .!f)J L.b, GQJ JJ)J U tr L{I5J (£1Gb a ru6liGr ® t.h. ~ 6iuilll ® Q us tt y5J UJ Lb §) C!9 8) rt §W Lb 6lJ y> riiJ ~ u5l fJ IT ~ ~ 6lJ 8> 8iJ UJ Q WrT y5J s/Jw.

6YUW 6T ~~ W (!jJ6frrQw tt L~L JE8;~6l1J LfJ-w, J!lIT tD.!J)J ck$mfr 48)fT6M (}j) ~ ~ ~H.D 8: Q s tt tb 8) Gtr 6lJ L. Q LD tr y5J uSJ 6l5J if IT. ~ ~ QJ tE r!iJ 8:J ffi , (] 6lJ fhG'1 WfT y5J tLf Lb IF LD {hUJ ®{!J Gh.nfT y5J lLJ W Q l.D tt y5J Q UJrn Wi!h ~®i) u5J Gill pSI, SiJ® Q u@><.§ Q ff tt thG UJ tr j;J c!Jj~ tr CJ)G 6lJ CYJ'4-tLJ w.

6lVw6ivBi®1hw 6TW~W QUUJaVI 6Jl)W 6TWW/W (yJ6frrGmrrL/_rr6iJ 6J {iJu LL G~. GfilJ ~l:;' uitr y5J 1Lf~ {JiWl @ffi1 r!J)6V~~ G r!F tllUJ U U L...LgJ 1iiTr;;fu~w c;,urr®6YfJ&iJ, ~w Qwrry5J ~uQuUJrt Qu{iJ!D~' 6lVW = lL L 6N I r!h su If, JtJ . 8; ® {b = Q r!F til UJ U u L_ L,ff)} . f!j uS} GID lP tLJ W & (!!j J.5J fJ IT &1 C!!J'7JWfT 8i9> Q a;fT <Otf5T@, dJ/6m {ljrj} ~CJ tt 65J is: U if tt 4®/J 6T ffi u fr 6lJ L Q l.J) tt y5J UJ tr ett rt . LJl7 tt = (!jJ {h w . C!:P Ii> iJ cF Q CF uJ UJ U u L_ L ffJl U! fJ tr iJ ® #i Lo ; (!:P ~ i1J> 8j su th gu GLg: til UJ U u L... L.fbl ,g: ill [iJ ~ ®;fE W . 5YU W J; ® #i or rn {D rr c: b1J c: u tt .:!JI Lb. UJ (b CJi rr fit] ii i) 6i> '6fu' 6T 6'&r ~ L.b roT@o$mr$J fi)6'5>L#G1,g: ®!iJ OfUt.boiu8J®~ 6T6iir{DGWrT.

c: LD 6U fi)) m t;J ff,;'D ®t.b 6T ~ ~ (!] Q c!F tr ui> 611 t;T 6lJ tt tb [l5l ~ ffi.!J).J Q ~ mGwrr ySJu5lw (~uSJ y5J<iiM) (JJJW6r>LDOlDUJlLfw QJLQwrr y5Ju1Jm- tSIW6mLD ~UJtLJ L.b Q ~{bQ [D6liT /J Q ~rfI [h,gp G a;rr GiT s:

(f)L.buSl dlQD61TUJrn.:.<B

t.seo aum~UJC!9w' QU.t!»wrnuUJC!!>w, QlLLLDrTaicF Cli!b{l5J6lJIh.gv urn.1/-8> rns;@roBJ~!IJl ~ liI-8;®W 8n.1>~ €!Jwu5J 6T6WUU@W. 6lJLrT fr 8i aifTL(j;J QlLLrTfJ ~~rTrt fi)~:!hci; (;)8ifTuOI 6TWUtT.

®w QP$Diu m8i@!jG5Jo${lJ ru ~ 6lJfil) !!)1 m 8i@jGJ1J #J ~'-9-~ ~ ~. 6'5) 8i ® ~ rji , ~Lfl-8;@jW ruJ ~fii'fTUJ tr LLIT ~fit)rr 6iJ I ~,gu ®Lbu5JQ UJIiiOT U U LLffJI.

®L1Ju5l UJfTL._L~iJ{b(8)ffi.g)J 1h6"6f)611maiu urrL:_@~@. ~ffP '®LbuS1 I

UJ liI- '- 6T m.f!)J Q 1h tt LffiJ ® QJ c: ~ rr (jjJ I ~ ii Q ~rT L 6'ID if c: UJ '8) Qj a 6lI tr tT r

:rL®roSI~w (a=fJ~~j;I~w) LD~LLDrro;GlJffiJ Qc!JJrr~l1I-®Ji®w.

12

bT-@ :

@wu5lUJ"I- Qu6lidrC:6l!6T @wuSllLJlfJ- - fbQ;Q) Q&ff66r61Jf!) l.1J6VtT ~~ ti (§wuSllJJkjJbW6f)l.1JlLJff~LiJ 1b6lfl JOffLUt$W JPWuflLW jb lilfir6llllFlUJ "16 6ir1J)/,t$ (§ Wu571L1kj-

c!ib L#JQWfflf/u.5Jr6i(]& c!ib f!iJciJ6VWfTliJ - fOT6MIJ)/W

c!ib cil615J"I- 6ir df}I5 C:&L ff ~W

wffL.#I uSJ(§t6~ufli> WffJl6V/i IDff~6TUh WIT 1b(TC:CF Q/{J& (fpWu5JIllIiJ-.

@8ie;fr6O)61), ~{iJ~!D~ ~rr GYT ~ $I tbrt!JW ~ LfI-~{lJrr 6YT .Ji~ tb®W fiJ !b(!!jW 616U6lJrT U u tr L(JiJJj~@!JW ®t.hLJSl Ji®w u rr LUU@UJ6irr{lJ6"5T. ~!brn!D = ersub. dPlllI- = ~@. (~{Drr.~.J

@LDU6br

C!!§WIJW - €'§LD"IJ (i).C:QJJ

®w - ®WWQ, = ®WU~, an.@~~. ®ww6l5J = UC!!JiJfbQJGtr.

®w - Q8ifTW - Qa;rrWmLD = 1. U®~LD (G'lu@ffi1. lLe9ma:Ji 40 : 210). 2. i)r;L._U/ (~LfT). 3. @GYTrnw (ilQl{T.).

®w - @jwfr = 1. i)'7G1WL @6m,,"m~, aiwraf}.

2. cfJjrW6?ff}mw. "<?!jwrfJ ®r!.i;®c9 s:§:'Ja urrru6lJrTGir" (®!bflJrT. fb~. ~(!!jLDqfTu5J. 47).

3. -dP/y5'IUJrrmw. "®LD(!!J{lJU t5l~~fb" (urrfJ{D. @~j)'7u. 32). WfiiWU u('!>QJ~~6lJ ~~w Qu~~w iJlfJfiirQJfl)J @UJ~4.

ffl.C:~rr : Q)J~L - ro6JLrnru = @()6)GlTcg~. 65/L6l5J = @mGlT6"4lC9. Q)lQj)L = @W ~mr ~fil)riv®, u{DmGlJu1Jw i/t;JtdlfTL @W6mLD. 6'6I()6)L/J~Q) = u®l>~ru.

@5WrT - (c!)WfJv;6r = @mw(9ar, (!jJ<!!J8iroW. ®LDrT - @jLDrfl = @~GlT()6)'8. 8iroW afl Ul tr 8ic9; 8iC'!J{DUG'J u!J)J Lb 8ifT6"ffI.

~rflUJrT 6lJ(!96lS>8i8;®U uGU6lJrruSi(J th ~ ~@o;L_® (!:pm-au, (!!!jwrf/8-, a;v;mLUJrr~UJ uy>wurrdM'-9- ~rTLllI-GiJ (:!!JwrfJ (c$fT~) UfT6tJ)GU{ffiru{h Q~tiJQJ(yHlJ G,)QJ!b{l5l/J QllJtUQtc!pLD ®® (~tb~LD) C:!DrrtiJ~ G) tpjtUQJ(yJwrr u5JC!!>~~rr6ir. ~ Q/Glr (0) U UJ(J rr Q) ~® wrn6U16 COl #iff L(!!Jt.D ~® Gur;rrT jJ)JuSI®{h;2Jw.

Q/ LQllt @jwt;J et W ~ tb eu Lfl-6lDQ} J; (:!!JLDfT r;r or 6ig.!J)J IE LUJ- ~ ~{b@j LDCliW6lSlWU QUfT(!!JGrr aqrti>~f!»LW, @j + LDrTt;T 6T~.!J)J Qa:rr{b UJm~i>fl)J, O1"fi1fI~rruSJf!JUUG1JW (easily dying) 6Tar.!J)J Qurr®~~rru G) u rr <!!JL OjfT '7 ~ (yJffiI 8ifT L_@QJrr[Jrru5lmfr.

·

urrQJfT~rr

13

~oo, ~mT tt iJ ~j,jJ 17 W a;w (6'6J ®LbUJ, Birr t5J) et ar U Q)#i e':PGlJWfT BiJ; CIj(fL_@W.

@jLDlJdr, ®LDrf/, ~drW1w ~fJrnr@w ,ffU(UJ Q{ljwQ~rr{bClj6'frfTtjjGl51~, WmrTWfT9ifT{h ~GlfH;JT~rn- QUUJTr8i@j(!pQrr @ljLDfJar (Master) 6T W .f!)J tb, WfiiW WfT CJjfT {h Q u rom- ~ 6irr Q U UJ n- 8;®C!JJriib-r @jLDrfI (M i 5S ) et W .!J)l (] us, ~ ~ L Q CJ) fT@iirJJGiJ c: QJ rmr @t.h. Q 8" 6l.Hill m-, Q a: 6iJ ro6J fiTWUW LD~LD8iCljr;;lr QUUJtT8i(]a; QUfT@~{hWfT6N~G1J.

LJ)~roirT, UJaJr;;lr or dr.f!)J ,(yJ6ro£DC: UJ Q U tt ®w tJ[J@w ®LDrr f7( ~ ), (:!!JUJfT rf et ro- W W 6lJ L9-GlJ SiC: CQ1T eut.: GeT tt !D8ir;;lr.

6T <OrfI {lj fT u5J !D U U gu ® ~ v;5J u U ® 6lJ j, iJ §W LiJ ~ y> U U (!!JGlJ fi, ~ ~ LD IT ~ ~ ~, 8i LUl-fiifT ffiJ a;rr fi4) etr U U ([!J6lJ iJ 61f) {h a-, ®tDJ J;@)~ Q a: tr tb@j ~ u Q U tt (!!j L_ c!J) IT '7 finT Lh Q u rt ([!)JA {h rr .tfJJ. .g; tr (y:> JJ)J 6lJ §P Lb 8i rr rn ett U u(!_9waw. ~u1Jw .. @jLD 6TW~L.b Qa:rr{b~t.iJ alW ~~W1@j G1c!ffTtDr:!!>w G'lfhrTLTrUJ6iJ6m6V. 9)W orwu:ffJJ 8ifTW ormu{h61u @)Jl)J8;c$W.

® + uirt tt 6T6ir~Lb {hQJ{bjJ)Ju J51rf1uLjcf QCfrr{b8)~W Q{hcOirr Qa-:rrtbtDJrfJGu. @j6lr - @j. LDLq- - wrf1 - w(!!j = LlJ(TI;T (eueu: 126 - 127.)

@LDrfl

{huSJ !p 6iir OJ flJ!h {ht!h(yJ W U y> W U fT mr iJ1-- !D fT@W Q ~6iu WIT QJ rr rfl u5l GlJ (yJ@li:!uGurrw QU®{ffIruLDfT~ @jwrf]J; 8i~L~iJtii&T Q~6iirGa;rrlJ1- UJ (£J $iJ.:f!Jl.. u 6M) us m 6\J (~LD UJ ill) c: u tt $.ll W ~ C!!> LD rrQ u ® LD 6lJ) ru ~ Q{hrTLTr ~®{i;th@· ~{hw QUUJrT @jLDrf}. ~;116ri1rrC:6lJC:UJ (!jJ@liJuGUfTfii5T @GlJ(!pw ®wrf}ci; Bi~LLiJ (QT6MUULL_~.

UO :1J)I6TfI UJfTtPlJ)JL 6ir u6irW61JQ) UJ(j)&t!btb~&

@wtflci C%CEn([)Lb Qlbff@r5J8jL6V Qt$ff6ff61T (61ruu, 11:19-20)

@9LD rf] er dr u,§)l a; tt 6YfJ u5ltOtr QUill It. aifT GYfl {lju)} y! IT Q fhtUQJ ffiJ 8j@!JGlr ~w J!)J . ~!DGlIfT ~6lJW- ~6iJ6lJ ~ f>T6lrr Jl)J W ~W6lJ)LDUJrru5J (!!jUUQJ61r 6T W ~ Lb 8i®?JiJ 6iJ, Oirnii1f/ t;;G)UJ 8; @!>wrfl 6T ~ tDOM IT.

®wC!:P{hGlJ jJ'7~ ~~. ®WLDGb - ®Lbw~ = u(!!j{h{hQJt01r ®Lb - @jLDGlJ ®LDfr = @'7LiJ, ~'7~L_ a;oirr~uQu~, e;Sr~mLf).

«!jLDtT - ®LDfJ" Gf;r = ~ f7 Viffl L_ ~rn 61T®~1, ~6tf)61Tr@ Iii5T tt W (!JJ(!!jr!hr;;(;r. (!!jLDrt - @wrfl = iJfJ6fflL ~rnwm<9 (a;~~).

LD~ U U (!!JQJ UJfT fii5T ~61T mw 611 (!!JwG u rr,g,J a.i.: GlJ iJ cr (~!!)'pj6U ~Illru LJ. Q U tt ro6llLf w U (!!J fi1J v;6J filJ rID @j 8) rn etr lLJ Lb (!J)I-:- (jlJ) L uJ1 ® W U (!!j QI U U [D 6ID 6lJ r!.h (Q~HiYT tLf l.b ro5J m L et m jJ)J c!fn_.f!)J fh fiiJ 8i rr tOliu e; . ~ m L ~ {!j VJiJ u(!!j~~ru.

~ 6TT m wa; ® u t5J 6irr e!:P U Lf Lb a: rr 8; t!J) tt @w a!D rt GlJ {!j rr 6iJ ~'ilT m LD ci; a; ®~ ~ ~ tOir (]!D ~!fJ tLJ tt G'Cf) W J; C1i ® ~ g» i> (] ~ tr 6M .J!)J W. 6T 6iJ eu (iff 6lJ

14

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®wrf/JJ 9i~ Lj,i) rm 6ll La Birr LSJ-uSJ ~, ®LIJrfJ or 6M f)C!!J c: U rfllU tt .JJ)J u5J (f!j{!J{h/bJ.

LD~QDI1

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u IT f(i-nTL~_llJ rt wi) 8> @jw;1i{!jrT fJIT Cfj~ 6!r, {lith ®6l.J (J::P;fJ~rr c9ia; 8i(!!J ~ UJ LDPJlt6l~ QUUJ'7fT~, 1l}w (!P{hGlJ tDalfiU!D8)rT8i® UJ@~r;r 6T6'MU Qu UJrflLL6lfT,rj-. c!)IffJ/ UJmffi fr wf!UrnCf or m ~iJ rfl d>~ff».

~'C:!DfT: ('!Ji)-@ji)6lf>fJ, 6T iJ!fr~8j-6T ~rn8)

@jLDrf1 LD rn 6lJ cYJ@«!J (!jJ ~ G u tr (!j)(!:P ~ UJ U/6ifr a u tt , ®LD rfJ {h rr LLfI~ ~ jJ)J QJ L r!i; c: s. Q r!T m- {D {lj ufJ Y1 rt eu y)/ u5J 6W c: tt , 8) mr ~ t5J fJ rr ~ QJrrtP~{!j LDiJ)JmCfVilJlUJUjW ~mLDii{hwtT. c!J)J~[iJ® ~UQUUJrf1L_L!!U, c!)/QJ rr ;'hW (ifJwG 61f1rrrt @L~m{h !EJ6'ln~6lJ afLtT ~tb Q istt ®LLrf@W. CJ)6iMmrJ.5J fJ rrw ~(f!; i/fJGU/L LD~~Gru.

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{huf! Y> iJ rfl Ii> /!p {ljuSJ if> rt ci>® 6l1lw riv Cf,fT a; $J 6lf) rOTfQ usn ySJ UJ IT iii LD tr t6J UJ au tt i!Jl, {!juS! yniJ 6"Tffi@Jw Q,g: rrru §Ww i)fJ G5JLW 6TQrr jJ)J ~ rfI ~fh~· ({ljuSfy; - {huSly;>w - ~fJL£lGTT - ~r:ruSJL - ~FJ6))JL - iJfJmJLW - i) fJ rr651 LW.) ~ ~6W rrGiJ, ~uSJ ySJtillI 6tr.f!)J i) rfI f/, {Ii c;, uitt ySJ ® fJ tr G1ll LW fiTfiMUULL4». ~~ QP~tbs;~ §>iirtDrru5l®~~ Ut~4 UftU6lJfTr!Ji$ e;J 67f)<OfT #5?3/!Jl. (y>rf!J6M C!:P~fit) tr 8i~ /iil rfI th:!h i) fJ Q1/ L_ Q LDfT ySJ Q $h§J)Jrita;rr {D WfToU ~~ QJL@ (QJL_[DfTL@ ~6iJfiU~ QJLc9;&j,~ QillfTySJ) ~mUUL_Lf§J . .dJI§J} t516Vmlr QJ®® 6Tfii6T~ i)rfI[t,~~. QJ@® orroiTu,{fP ~t.bW!f)J CO> u tb.!J)J Q/@8iW 6T fii6T6lJW QJ y;ffi1@jW. Q)L® 6TAT U /lJl @ar!f)J r!JjworrL_~iJ{b U L® et ~ J!)I ifrfl £6f!JlQrGTf 4U. !CruWOW6Ut6/Qj QJfT ~Lh 8)~mL~ ilrflG'JLJ)fT~UJrrGTrrt UL8irT OTWUU@~olJ &rrfiffi8).

~~ mLDuiJ {b OJ rfI t6:fJ Lf)mQ)UJ rr61T Li> tBffiJa;61Jrr q,~ iJ fJ Q1] L G WIT ySJ 8i Q~ 6lJ6lJrT Lb QJ LU fTC: 6lJ fill ~ffiJ®QJ §JJ tiJ, es Lciia a; Q<F6lJ6U8: Ga:6lJ6lJ:Ii ~Ff} !h~Lb ~fiI)1h{6~tb UJ JJ)J~/!JItiJ fi}~t6JIL/W @~8;8jmsr oDI61J8;~UJW ® 6ir t6J ILf Lh @ AT t6J ILl t.h c: u rr QJ 4» LiJ I @!hilUJrr6l1ltb® GJ QJ 6'ffI a ill QJ Y; rtu 8)fT OJ) LDlLJ LiJ, @ar!f)J ~ uS1@Lo f}t;T iT( 61/ iJ rfI fAfDl m 6fT 6f)W UJ th, (!!JLDrfJ fDrr L_@j, 1hW1G l:P @tbm!D~ {buS!@&®W 6T olJ6l)fT $Ii i) fJ 651 L Q wrrySJc$L.(t!9W ~rrQILJ6iJrum~i; G{hrfJ66Jcii®w.

QLDfTySJ8i6tfl6ir ~biJ6lJ~ Ga:rrtb8i6tflw @UJoU4W ~rfJ4w (J/DfT8;9jfTg,J, fi} {l5l ~ til Q u rfl !§I W QJt.q- Q Q/ tt U 4 6lf) LD G'1 ill rr 6isr m [D c: UJ c: ~ tr ci; 51 , ~uSJ tprflw ~bbfiU §P if f7 6'5J Lrfl6iJT (YJ6krG "'IT It QJ L c: LDmQ) [Drr LL1l~ 6ir.f!)J QJ ~iI ® a;a;ou rrG'J war J!)J I QJ '7 fit) fT tb fDrr U1 rf1 U.lfT WL® LDQrr t6J G'lLDrr ~ JD!TQ)p5'JC9®w LDUJrfiJUJ @Lrruu®51fiirr/DwrT. G18=fT[b8i61fJdr

60

G (O}j ®W GlIIJ (it) tt .!J)J W ~ [!fJ uSJ 6W c?)f rill ffi16M W ~ LrT U U Lrr rT. et (E/dJjJ;J cF, c!hrrLLrra;; ~@ Q~~r!iJ®J: Qc!Frr6V~6lJlLJW ~® UJfJrr®Q]'<!i Q~ rrW6m6lJUj W 6T(fjJiJfliI FF~@ 6W67T 8;®6lJ tr W.

Q{li~tiiJ~8: (;)aIrW : WrTLLrr@; WrrL_@)(f(JjJ. WIT.ff)J - wrrtDfDw = LDlTpSl#Q~rr6UiWLb Qa:rrG1J; Qa:rrGiJ. wrr[bfDw - Qf!j. WrTLL. WrrLL_ + ~@ = WrrLL_fT(EI. ~. (gfbrr : Q(FfT6Ururr@; g"L6'()fJUJrr@, Q{li. LDfTLL_~ (U6M6l)LD) + ~(f)J = WrrLL_6l)rr(£J. {lj~ c!hm (uwmWtD!)J) Q{li. en@!; - 8)~ - iJJl. a;61r~;tJru = 8)6V~~6U; 9n.@~ru. a>6Tr - a>6lTW = an_L_LW, d!)/ ~GlI. an. @ ~6lSH;ucil ®¢J ci>®w Q CF rr 6iJ I U 6U Q u tt (!!jL an_L_t_W tt $) UJ U GM Glf) uxsvu lLJ6lf5T rT ~ jJ;J ffiJ @jpSJ I1.J tt u5I {b.!J).J .

QfJJ· wrrL._(£1 - &. wrrj,,ff)/; LDrr~~W1' wrr#iiIU + ~® = LJ)rr$iJ~rr®, uur ~~~ + ~(j)J = WIT ~{b6Mrr(6J.

c$. LDfT ii~ - G&ff .. wrr$!bI, L.DrrJh~ = G)8'rr6lJ, QLDrrySl. s: = rfhWrillLW. aairr. = (gc!J)rr tE{EW (C:a;rr {l,:!ErT QWrTySlJ U1t;T"~di # QqfTQJ : urr ci; = rurrtU8lroYr.

~. 6lJrTtU - U)~ UfT. {lj. a>6ir - 01. 'cil'

<iilI LJI> tt L(£J i> iJ IJ 6l1J L_C!!J 6fT ~ C!!J c!F IT {)'fTa IJ; QJ L G L.D iJ $I tb GJ (F 6tT .!J)J 8i c; LDrf) U1 !DfT r!lirfl r!hi>rn 1£>1> (] ~rT [b jJ)J 66J iithw rt .

$I .(YJ. 20 ~t..b ~ {bfDrT ~ liI-~ ®{iJ ~ ~tSllJ a>rr uSJ rotr iJ§[J rt; [!;ill! IT er 6i5rG {D Q U I1J rT GJ u {iJ pSI ([!jJh{lj':!u. !1§11 IT er 6M u.t!Jl u tt tSJa su fT 6'5fl UJ Q LDfT y5J u5J 6iJ {fJ 8) IJ W 6T W Wi w Q u rr ® ett !fJJ. u tiitW rn L {h {h u5J ~ [b IT L ill- GiJ 9>611 rt 6T ~.f!)J Q U UJ rt Q u {iJ pSi ®{iJ {h~ L.D (!!)'~ @fit) LD8;Q)6Tr ®UJ- u5I ®ua u. {IJ8ifJ W G {ljrT m p51 UJ.t!» Lb LD([!j~tftfiUa LD.

~rt 6Tm-~W fD8if7W @(!!j$~ ~L~~ru a~fTrOlf5TlJI-QUJ@8;a>U ULL 1IL~flifJW, SJ.(!jJ. 3000 ~mr@ 8iL® QP{b.ULL GfffJ[DrrL_(£idJ C8{h8;(8)ro.!J)l Qa:fTroiJ(,1)uu(j)J8iJ~ fD ~. ~L5JfJ 8ifTW 6T wWlw Q uUJrf]w (!jJ{bu®i)UJrr~UJ ~u 6T~U,gu, d!JIUU~ 'i)T~~W ~u5}y># G'JCFrr6iJ iJrfJC3u.

~ t.iJ fJ 8) tt uS! r;;br au fJ" 6"5T tt QIT UJ rr 8; a 8) tt LJ tbfT ffiJ ~ a; 9j tt L ~ 8i ~ L_ ~Lt.b, Qu~C8{hru orru-UULL/!Jl. GJufhG{hGU 6Tmu/!ll C:~QJ~ 63@ 6Trn~ w Q urr C!!J6Tf .{!JJ.

{D. ~(fjI - s: u@ - L1L - 8>([. Qu~.

~. 6ToV = f;<OYf]; 8)@f}QJ~; Q$btUQJw. Qui> + rorG'i> = Quj,Qrfl}fiV. ~ffiJ fliI6lfT t.D an.L._@# Q a: tr GiJ (!JJ6m {DWrT pSJ UJrotf) LDGlI t!Jl c: c!F uSJ 1LI QJ if18J®. sur. = <fh(fwrr67ifJUJw.

~ OJ f7 9JfT t1J CJjfT fiU/>i) 6lJ dPI fJ UJ UJ W 61 L5JG fJ UJ(yJ W C::fDrT ~ {D6l1l rumru. ~roum GU#iJ6M:f!U ~9;aa;L!i-UJm.

.

urrQJrr~rr

61

~1hW ( ~;?Jrrw) 61GMWlW QUUJrT, Qa:ffiJ8iGYfl LD~~6iJ ~®Q/fT 8;8;U ULL6lJ~ 6TrnjJ)J Qurr®mulS/-6lrr ~~{bW bTW~W ~uS1!pcF Qa:rr6iJ GOVrT@W, LD8;8)GYfI~dJ ffJthm~ 6T~.f!)J Qurr®GirULq-rDM ~di;2J~ 6T m @I Lb {ljuSJ ~J: Q CF rT~C: 6lJ rr@t.b, ( (yJ~GiJ) WfT {h{h6?sr 6T 6ifr JDlQ u rr (!9Gtr u~~ ~~6kr (~mLDfT) ror6irrWlw f!ju5JJPcF GlCFfT6iJ(;GVfT(Eiw, Q~rrLttLJrQlf)LUJr$rru5J®ci;8)~rTt.b.

dPI1h;?JW = ~QJU4' ~~5) = ~QJ!A~ uYJL.Dcrw.

6J6l1rT (6]"rurTm) 6TW~W QUUJrT, LD8;8i61fl~~iJtb® 1Lt6I61f)fJ~ ;2J~~QJGlT et ~!J)J Q U tr ®m u '4-~ ~ GUl et wWl Lb {hu5J!pet Q c!F fT 6iJ c: ru rr ® w, us J; 8i 6Tf) fiWT i> {h tt tiJ 6T W J!)J Q u tt ® ~ u ill- 6kT ~ Qj 6"5) GlJ er 6fg W1 W #JuSl YJc!F Q CF rrGiJ(]6lJrr(SJ W Q ~rr LtT 4fiitf)LUJ {hrTu5J C!!JJi$fil)rr w.

all wrf} UJ fbrr a>rf} 9)~m<Jj 6lJGTT rt rjJ r!J LD8;cn6Yr Q.J if' u1JfiiliT ®rolr ~® r!F tttt tt tT 6T $I U ffJJ QJ if' UJ IT 8)6'1/ W w{bQ {DfT (!!j CF fT fJ tt rt &:I ~ rill ~ ~ UJ IT QJ if'UJ tt t!n 6ljw, !6mr ~6lJJ;c!JjLf4iJ 4®{6~ lBClcrrr UU fTtOmQ) UJ6mL£i>§i (]LDGmrotJ lL1 tr rfJ UJ fJ tt CJ) LDfT p5J u5l ®ciBJ ~!D~ rt.

kJ, mw tOT!i1 U:fIll {DfT LL!J-6V U Q) JJj/T !DIDfT mr@8i6YTrra; QJm rt 8;fJjU U L._@ GlJ£i>fDUJ~ &:J.UJ. 4~tiJ lDfT{b£DfT~'4-Gb !B(]r;rrruufT66Jtb®Ji Qc$fT~@ eam'u.n: I Q{!jroM.!J)JW, cf!)J~ {i](JfJ8;8i~j;l6lJ Ch~~ 6T~jJ)JLb ~rui>S~6iJ c$~~6iu 6T 6kr .J!)J w Q u UJ IT Q u tDfDQ $Oar .!J)J t.b, ~rfJ UJ {DfT Lt.q.-wffil OJGTr UJrfI~,fgI (lUrT(!!!J(yJw ~Q/tbtD1~L cf!)J{h{b®u Qurr.t!Jlu QUlLlrt ~GiJm6lJQUJroM .f!)Jw, (FLD{b~(!!Jf!j1hi)GiJ iorut a;fTr;r (Margara) Q)/LfT6lJ 6T~~L.b ~® QUUJrt c:!)/~tb®mrQL~ .!J)Jw, UJfTTr 8;(J)(Ji (y)coU6UrT 8n.p51 u5l ®a-,~ 6lfr {D rr rT .

Jd,6mffi Q{hrrw.!J)J GfhfTL@/J ~uSJ!p8i8; airrLlJ1-w ~UJdJma;UJfT a; QJ tt JP fi>1!» QJ ®§J 6ig (D ~. ~ th@ olSHWu5J GiJ c!)/ tDtD ® Q 6lJ ® ® et ~ J!)J QUUJrT. ~~ GlT LiJ1-{b U !j)9,CliU ULL tSJw, ~Lq-ciOJLq- (!JJ9>W ~8i6lJ

. ..

fOrr 6iJ (c$@6lJ QJ r$JfT 6U) g 6lf>9=Q UJ~ J!)J Li:J, OJ 6Yr 6"IDwClu tt 6U QJ61T rt J:; OJU

U LL6nLDUJ rrru t5Jr;;jr m6'fT G UJ~ .!J)J Lb, u a;{b(J)rrQ)~i1GlJ {ljrn {DrrtU 8i61fu Q~rflUJfT~H.DUJfT~ Qc$rrl>~ QUJm.!!)Jt..D, G)uUJrT QUtDfDf!V .

•

~8T - U'iilflc!F - gm6lfT - ~6ID~. Ln. /d/Fc'F.

t.5Jwmw - Q~. U/6i.J661. §>.C]/DfT : ~GtrmGYT - Q~. {D6U~.

Qa;fTiJm~ - ®C!!>@, ®®LW. Q8ifT~~{lj - &. Qairr"i). ~#Q~rrru ® LDrfl (DfT L__@ th ~uSJ if' §)JJ W QJ fP ffiJ ~ t6J ®:2;{DQ) a QJGlRsr@ th. m L(f)I u g 6ID GW t6I ffi (yJ U Q u UJ ® Lb Cl us m 0lJ UJ fT rfJ UJ GJ LD tt if' OJ 6'If1 {b u cr ro6I QJ y;>rfi1 ®~ m- {D6lfT.

gGID9= - E puss, pus, pusse, Du. poes, L.G. puus, Sw. pus, Norw. puse, puus, Lith. puz, puiz, Ir and Gael. pus.

62

E. pussy, pussie, pussey, Sc poussie, poosie "Gfill6lJQJfTtiJ QQJ®6Jmruu g~5 QUJ~fDS»W" (Q:;2JfT6V. LDfJ· 19). UlGiJ6l5J - L.feles. Q8)(T fi>® E. cat, GK. katta, kattos, L. catta, catus, It. gatto Sp., Pg, galo. Cat. gat, Pre cat, ONF. cal,F. chat, OE. cat, catt, ON kott-r; Sw. katt, Da, kat, OE.catte WGer. katta, MLG. katte, MOu. katte. kat, Du. kat, Sw. katta, OHG. chazza, (MHG. mod. G. katze), fern.

Olr. cat, Gael cat, Welsh and Cornish cath, Breton kaz, Vannes kac 'h, Slav. kot, OSlave kat 'ka, Bulg. kotka, Siovenish kot, Russ. kot. Pol kot, Boh. kot, Sorabian kotka, Lith. kate, Finnish katti.

Pussy 6TW!D G;}a:rr{b® GfiilJrr Q1hrfllLJ~ru615)Gl) QUJGM .!f)Jw, cat 6T~!D GL~ IT rb ® 6lJ rB rjJ QJ ySJ Q tD tfJ UJ 65J 6iJ 6~fHiVQ UJ Gil ff)J tb , t5J If] 1b 11> rt Grif) UJ ci> 9)~i~HilJ#,CJ)m c§!i1 UJ W <!Fn_.ff)J 8:J 6M {!J /!Jl.

@<ii5f], Jd., 6"ID W 6lf) UJ ,$ ® p5l8;@W @® eu L. GJ a: IT {b 8)@!Jw, Q ;1) GN Q c!F rrru6'6J ~w jJ)J OJ {D {b~G5)6))C: UJUJ IT Lb.

WrTfT 8irT fJ ~6U6V.1M WIT rt ~ IT su er ~ W1 Lb Q LJ UJ It C1i@VilJ((j)J!!U ~~ru f!JJ .tl» ru LU U /b1 6T ffi.ff)J G'I u tr C!!Jw U (£JG1l {lj IT iv, Jsl, 6ID<fFQ ILl Qr ~ ill Q IhW Qo:rrru661~ QwrrySJ QUUJrTLJC:UUJWp5J G6lJ!Dw.!J)J. @1. w®~ ~@GlJ,

• •

!J)J~L, §JjUL/fJ6lJfl8>@j.

@6lffl, 6£JL.fTrou 6TWW/W Q~rr6iJ~t.b 6'5JL[J6lJ~ 6Tru~W Qfh~ Q Cf rr~6l5J ~ iJ rfla uQUJ ~T u.&!)!, ~ til dJgp U n rt u LilfiiiT Gtt>6'1fJ6l1rT Ln.

g 6'5>rillu1J~ U (1)tD r!hmr {6(£J<Ol1J r;;U c: {hfT W mJ Lb @[Du 4 8; ~tb.f!)J fP® ~ Lrt au rt r;;6} (!!Ju U {ljfT 6b, kL rn rm di® co6J LfJGl1 6isJ 67 6M .!J)J W tffl(l!j G u UJ fr (ILl fT !p. dP/8).) 9L61iw(£" 6l1l LrT L5J G1T U LJ.

G6JLIJ6lJ<Oifr -- 6'5JLfJ <9i~ - QI. 6'6ILfT[J (Ji - G'5ILJTfi)J8) - ~LfT6lJ - t5JLrr~. kJmmciio;~ /ffi{D(!JJmm ~C'!J W~6)J6"IDa;8;®U gm6M8;9J~ (eat's eye) fiT6irru:J!Jl ~QJ~LDUJrr® QUUJfr. @48ilJrDnfJUJLD utbp5JaUJ GElLrTlJ tOT 6kr ~ t.b QJ L G'J!F tr ru6l5l6Ml6lfr.f!)J m 6lJ (§ r'r UJ I/iT W W1 w GJ U ll_lfT $J rf} tB .{!U v!rr GTT /!Jl. ~ LrT t;r.g; - ~ LJT fJ - 6ID GlJ@frUJ. WrT 8; CJ) r!Ji (lp 6i> su IT @If Q~IT {iJrf!j0; &.{6JILJGirm Qurr (!!JL8lt;T ~UJ(!:pLiJ @~C:6lJ.

Puss <OT~U~ ~rnlO$T8;® ~61fJuQuUJG'76irrg;J, 6T®~f_6.tJjJ~!D (Oxford) ~ ffiliilQ) dP/a;fJ (!JJr!i661 8n..!J)J UJ rn-!D.ftJ. Q £l)6U",blJ uitteu LL_/Ji}6iY @6!T9)JLb IsJ,m6'5TmUJu Jd,8i Jd,& 6TwfDroIDYJuuftjJ @1LJ6lJ4'

,fJ) tt L._@uJd,m6"5TJ;®r9; en rr m LJ G6J, U tt 8:, 8) ~, LD drr L v;6I 6T ar g)J W G'J UlL1(!!j~@.

(]LDJb an.{6JUJru[bfDfTGU, g rnm {hu51 y>Birj,i}rmJ ~ J!)J aUJ~rr@ Qa=ar!D Q {hfi&r u!!u Q QJ m- 6lf7 61f) L_ LD 6mru. u a> y> UJ fir ~ U $I UJ Q LD tt y5J u5J ru GQJ.!!)JiJ6lJ ~uSJy>§ Q~rrtb!J)~Lb 1LGlT.

.

UrTGtHT6lSGTIT

63

«!jLDrfI!DrrLCE>~ {ljuSJy>rt &(b!)Jr9;t$LCl6UrTllI-8iQTfTliJ (Circumnavigators) @®~101Dmrr6U/ aiLtD QUlUcg,t.D tfJQ) t$Q)U QUUJrT8i@!Jw <JWfJmGU UJ rr rf1 UJ Q LDfT ySJ c$~ tb Q lEW Jll1 QJ y;>ffiJ®~w flJ07iT.

6lJGYr - QJ tT - 6lJ rr rT. 611fT rt ~ru = 6lI61f><01T ~<ib I C!!!>y:>~GiJ. GlJ tt rt - QJ rr rfI = {.6Jt01J{h~1ha: @!>~thfh aiLGU.

QJITrT - 6lIfTIJrOm'W = aJLQ,. Q/rrfJ~w - 6lJrTf)mr~ = 8iLQ) Q~tij(ii1JW. <OlJrTfJ6War - 6lJ. 6lJ®~. 6lJrrrfi - L. mare. E marina (f.lt. and Sp.) = a promenade or esplanade by the sea.

UL@j : ULW = gcrnrou, iJ~fJ #f/61f>Gl), u[nu#€Fm6lJ. ULW - ULrolJ UL. UL6lf - UL<OlItT - u(JQ/rr. Q(FWULJoll - Qt!£WULQJrT.

E. bark barque, F. barque, Pr., Sp., It. barca, L. barca, Olr. barco Romaniea barca.

E. barge, OF. barge, Pr. barga. L. barga, baris, G.K. bares Coptic bari,

•

8»Q)LD :

E. galley, OF. galie, med. L. galea, galeie, GK. galaia, galia, Pr; galeya galee, galea, Sp. galea, Pg. gale, It. galea, galia.

8iUUQJ : E. Ship

Com. Teut : DE. Scip, OFris. skip, schip N. Fris skapp, skep, WFris skip, OS. skip~ M LG. schip, schep, LG. schipp, MDu. se(h)ip scthteep, Du. schip, WFlem. scheep, OHG. Self, skef MUG. schif schef, G schiff ON skip, Sw. skepp, Da. skib Goth skip,

E. skiff, F. esquiff Sp., Pg. esquife, It. schifo, ORG. self.

•

flJ" 6lJ tr ILl :

L. navis = ship, OF. naive = fleet, E. navy = a fleet.

[Df76lJrrtiJ (Qu®riiJq,~t.iJ) - QJ~ Q~fQfT = UL®.

• •

[6ffi1 9n.U LD :

E. anchor, OE. ancor, L. ancora, GK. ankura, OHG. anchar LG., MUG. anker, ON. akkeri, Sw. ankare, Da. anker; OF. an ere. It. an cora. L. anchora.

[DfT r!iJ crn_ruw = [Df7 ffiJ®@!J ({DfTffiJ CfrL{P), wr;;m-6'$)fiim i> gJ~61T U U ~ a u rr~ Jfl6lJj,~{h~ ~6U)fii1T.J:,!!;J g?_@w 8J6l.)urnu. Q{h. [DrrG8ifilJ. fill. 6lJfTffiJ8i6lJ, fDa [DfTr6J8n6UW - {6rrriil@jG1J - !1>fTc8U7ru = 8i61JUmu.

[DrrriilCfn_6l)W - £DfTffiJ8n_fJW - [Driuan_IJW - {Dr5J(§IJW = S;UU6'5)(it) @.Jl)Ji>~w J,6l) umu QJ l.!J-fiill frill @(!!jULf8; 8)(!!J6l1I. U" fJ. 6Uriu a; rT.

QJG6) 6lT rn QJ J; @jp5J ch®w ank 6T ~ ~ L.b Q)J G5) ~ C!P~ti6f) tQ1fHWu5/ ~ m- .!J)J anchor 67G1rrWlW GlCFfTGiJ iJrf}Jl,~w6TT~rr8i. d2jriuUJ6lJ ~q,IJC':fJ~66J8im 9n...f!)J Lb. dPlo~.t[)J ~ GmWUJ rruS/Girr, ~.I!U 6lJ tb :9JuSJ V;> QJ ySlG UJ.

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Q~rr<OtWmL = QtJirTt5rf) VirTtLJWGTT fJP· (Q1hrrGir + m~).

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u mr ~ ci; a a; tb!D u UJ- 6T W th # ar I) ;t fOri) ~ lLJ ffiJ (;!!j if 01J tt 8) Ji Q a; IT ~ @ 61J IT [i) ii~6ID f!j~ '@jt;J6U @jl}filJITUJf!J' ~ 'gu /J{hHu (!!jl) 6UrT UJ .f!jJ " 'rna>c!i;~ ~6Tf ®I} GlJfT UJ !tJ' (!:fJ~ 6l5l UJ Q 'JilT LrT a>6YT fT iJ)J lOW iT 8).

4. sm.d>JDJ

"®61fJ tDfJwUJ{iJ®u 'uLLmL' 4iTtD~ 9® QUUJ(!!jmr@~ "QJ~fii(WU ULL6mL UJfTJj;>GWGl> 6IDQJI>~rrrfiJ@j" (~r;rffiJc;a;tb.ff)J a;fT~~, 63) 6T 6irr U f> [b® d')J tq.u: tt rt <!ii@!D6V61JTT rt 8TLJ!)J W :Q_ fxi>l;T u5J m ~ c; !5fT a; ®CIi. '6T6V6l.){TU u~~tb@jLb ~UJ-LD6"(j)~UJfT~6l5I~' ®6YfJ ®u QUUJ/r Qutbf!J~· (~L~W' bTWWlr9 Ga:fT~~Lb 6J6ID~ ~.!J)l 8i6lJt;J(!J1w

,

UJfD~1h{iJ® @L_WfT~lLl,gu 6T6MWLh Qurr®6lfJ~6lfT~ fh®w,

LD.!J)J i.J LJ : t!F - LJ 6T 6ifr ~ t.b '8i- (J U t.51L.!J-ua u u ~ CIi@9<!iiQaiG1>Q)rrw ~ LfJ-u u ~ LUJ fT '/b 6l5J 6M r U ~r!f th (®v;ffJ) 'u LL 6mL' GI UJGM .ff)J W. , QJ 6lW rnrr U U L L_ 61$) L ' Q UJ r;;f;r .[{)J rill c!Fn_ flJ U U @ 6lJ ~ tt u5l tb J!)J . u ru UGMr~cf 5 8;t!ht;f rfiJ 9jG1r (F - U (yJ61fl{lJu516b ®UJ ffi1@j6lJ 6ID~ ~ UJ-UJrr rt cii@ [D&1J6lJfT (!!j6m fJ u5J ~ ill 8)([!)6llfT tt uSJ It {D (F fT ailJ />i) iJ)J ffiJ a;6i5T(J;JQ 8irT W 8).

/bff{J rj~L (]Lff 6ir!f)lLb /L61JI/i8L61J1J) Il../L C:LffWIf)/W @@riJ (§1}"6V@!j(TWI ~L <JLrr6irp5/#... (]IF@W [#)efJ. ..

or W fD ~ t.b ® ill (lJJfjlj){Du tb{lflG UJ.

®~, @~GiT ~ rflrnfiilJ ~ ~liJ (J a>rr LiJ umr L.!J-;1>6"5T rrrt LD9)(i5f fT It 6l.IfJ «!j(iiW" U tt ~ LfJ-UJ 6M tt rt 6T ~ iJ tLJ roir 61T ® 6'6) 0: ~1hu5J y> 65l G1T 8i c!J).jii) tb air;;m@ QfD~8). (Qa:.Q~. aiLc!J)W. 1943)

.

U IT GU IT 6mff IT

73

•

@U6lJQJT

@!;UQlW - C!!JIJQI~ (g) ®® - ®Glf>FJ = QU®~LlJ.

u(!96"())LDlLfW 8i~c!::pGLD G6lJ~i>iJ{b Q8ifTm6YrUULL QUrT(!9roYr8)6ir, 0l!D QQJ~GUfTW t5J{5~6WaQJ. (QJ,QJ: 728 - 129)

~

®<!!>1 ®~~ (dh) - [j. atru.

ZL®ihrf!j~ = QU(!!jc§§)6MffiJ G)c!f,fTGYr@JJrJjGiJ. lL(!!J - ®®. ®®,ji{hviv = fiJ 6"5f ~;?jru.

®C!!J = Q6lJUU8> Qc!J,rTuLJ<OTTw. ®®l - 8J@j (gh) = 6Trf/, 961f11r.

~® = ~6TfJ. "®®LD~~{hrrf06]" (QrfljfTQ). 303 :!L~r;r). @@62{r5J QlD(!JJ62{W j}flJ65flT@w(]L£) Gfl)fTQ).Q 6uJ. )

®C!!/ - ®® (g)

®® = 1. U(!!JLDW, 2. G)U@6mW. "«!)(!96tnW QUJuJiJUJ @!j6m'[ffiGIDGlJ" (€I6lJr!Ji. 2748). 3. a;~w

UBiLfJL @!Jl!9rLtt$fT6Tr C:Uff6V (Y!Dt.O. 32).

4. ;!htAm~, S. ~g;}rflUJdT, 6. ®f.JQJm, dPlt;TCF<OirT.

®®8;9;Gir = t.5J fJ IT LD~ f;T Q,GUfT rJD LDI}'~ ~ a 6lJ61T rr ~ a-, ®fJ 6lJ rt.

@<!!J = ®®!iJru = ~66lQ)6lJ6&T. "C:urrJtuSJ@) ®C!!Jfi}ru'~ (u5){iJJ!)Ju. 37: 36). ®C!!>~6iJ - @Jrfl5ru = tjj~6UQJW. (iJ®&>C!9' 276).

ct!j® - (!!JfJQJ6irr. @®C!Pff» @jt;JQIfT = Qutba[Drrfr. ~riu@jf7QJfr = ~J6m~f ~rTliJ, 1h66lLDUJrn, ~ti1rfJUJGtr~ ~fJ~w ~~C:UJrTft. (QJ.QJ: 128)

~

@j®® et W U /!ll [Drr mlJ (0) c!f,fT Ji® (!j)~u61 U.J t8 rt U u!D 6m6l1 U Q u rr .{fJJ U QUUJrT. Qs;rr6U6Uar 9L~rodi/tJlC!!>I>i1, Q8i/T a;®w {1jfTrn[TlLfw C:UfTWtD QJIlI-QJrrtiJ @®uu{hfT6l> ~;fJ",orrUJw ®®® 6TroVUffP QatiJlLJ6Yr fiJJYJ&@j.

'1JilI~Q)Q)t!i @(!!)ciJ6ir 1Lu5J';~~6l1Tfir' "'Q)u. 22 : 152) (QgITru. 13,)

6T ~!D tr rr @GTTriilC:a;rrGlJl1I-8i6Tr.

~Lb

@jC!!JIh~w - ®C!!JfiEl!h1D = LDfTfii1nff}8ia; Q/6lD8J.

®C!!J = fiI~,gp fJ Lb. ®(!!/;)QI JW wL/ = Q a= 6iJG Q/.f!)J wLf· ®® - ®®iJ = ~17 ~~Li:J, ~QJU4' Gs:6lJQJrTuJ.

74

@jC!!JiJa; 8)rr[h~rirr = Qa:rfiJ8irr~{lJ6Tr (gQJaJ. 1657).

®@ - ®Cl!JtE§JJ = LDfT~8>aJQJ~aJ. ®C!9!i>.t!» - ®@t6{hw. (QJ.6l1: 129)

.

~

@j(!!)'ilir - ®@j6U = LDu5J fr # 8i(!961r.

(~6Yr - ®n- - ®® - ®®61T. ®®~:2J6iJ = a;®@~6i>. @j®~L eatrtt (c!!j~<OlJ (i:J®ro6J6ma:. f;/(!!JQJrrG6/. 1 : 3).

®(!!J6Tr = LDuilfr <T8i(!!>6Tr, QU~Lfl-rt {h~Hi1Jl.Du5JrT. (QJ.QJ: 129) @QDIJ

@jmcr - @jrT = ~6l5J.

@jG"6lf} iJ~6iJ = &6l5Jfh>h6iJ. ~[T6lJrrrfliJfD<ill· (6lJ.6lJ: 729)

@6b1 (8in.L!D ffi®~~C86lJrT) ~Lq.M®~~ (BaL.6\»

®6iJ - @j61.nh = 1. an_L_LW. "jd,LD6mro5TQJrTUJ 6lJrry;,UJrmfD 4L(!!j6Urii18ifTGir" (D6TT. 37), "/_DrrmJtiW>8)8; ®GlJd>ffJJrn9j~.:~/' ({lj~6fi)8)uLJ· gurf/. 373). 2. Q/_JdJ(]flJrr®w U}W6l»6TTai@!JLD 8n.li/-UJ ®@WULD. 3. LDfJLftiiJJyS'Ic!i ®@wuw. "®6lJ~$DrrffiJ(c!!j· <!FfT ilCJ)mrrrfi6l~t1J"" ($ItiilJ. W(!!)6lJfTuJ. 3:7:9), "LD6'6>61JILJrn!D $l_rDlJ W (r!!j'ilJc!prfhGlJ QJ @~it'" (83 riH r 259). 4. gJ_UJ rt LDIJ '-I 6lJ yS'I a; (!!j(l)ILD u Lb. "@j61JiJi:'tb U! [D~thfT Ir 6lJ IT UJ J: c;, a: fT rol'" (®{D6Tr. 9..59),

5. lLfDGfilm/r Q~rr®iJ. "®6)J~6"(j){h$ Q<!Jj@8>@jriu G",rrLrflJ> ClirrwL/'.

6. {brrCf} GJLDrryS'l Q{!jrrtfJlru LD{hW UbpSlUl QJ(!!ju4 (Community) ~6iJ~/!Jl ®@wuw. 7. ~rf1UJrt 6lI(!!j/J{lj t.S!{Dml 6l1@jULf (a:rri). "@j6lJW @jutOmuu1JC:6lJ, urom-w u~@uSJC:ru". 8. urr6U (QJ(!!J(i)tf61w). "@j6lJW {bfT6ifT 81rr 8)U LJ@j:i>~ QJ~8iUJrrGlJ G{!jrflthfh c::~IfA{ljt;j'ffltT ~fJ t!Irr 6lJ~CJjrt c: QJ GYr tt 6TTG'1!7 m 8=' Q s: tt ru su U U Lt_ tr rf} ® 8; ® tb {D tt 6irr r!Jj tt til G QJ .!J)J UL_L Q~@ci;a;@!jLb" (~6lJu. 14 : 212, .dPIL!J-UJrnt 8i® [D6U6lJfT@mt;r). 9. fiJlOMW (Species). "f)m-a{D @jfiJJ(yJUJ ~®QJC:w C:{h6ll~Lb'" (j;J®LD~. 2104).10. G,l!JifTffiJ® (lQJwfTwrr @j6lJut5Jrf/6l/. ~[Jr;;M@j6lJw. 71. ®@wuw (r!!j '-9- t6J @Ji ®w 68 (j)J (t5J ffiJ .) . 12. ~ '7 5 ~ 6ll L fT 8iJ UJ ~ 17 ~ LD 6"6)<iilfT ( i) Q/ fT J. 13. fiJ GlJ)!D 6lJ 6irr ~ @ c: U tt Vi&T fD c: r!Jj tt u5J 6iJ. "G ~ 611 ® ru (!jJ til Q~Jb{l5JILJLh u6iT~UJw" (LD~. 26 : 72). @j6'UW - @jGlJrn-.

@jGlJLD - QJ. @j6l.J, Gael. clann, E. clan.

® Gil - @jmQ) = 1. <!Ii tt tiJ cJj i) fJ rotr . QJ tt 6tf) JP8; ® 6l>filJ. 2. Jd, rill Q 8)fT iJ ~ . "tC@®Gm~c9J rfJjrr!h{!J6U-" (Qu(!!Jwurrmr. 371)/ 3. FFfJ{b«!J6~HiU, "6'3t;rfr @j6~HiVa; rorr[bpSlL" (~rfJ~. 4 aQJL._L~. 48).

@j6lf>61) - W. @j'i'U, QffJ. Qa;(TfiU (ulq I UJ), &. Q8irrQru (uL11-L.{D). @jQ)-®ru-®QJGl/. (!!JfiUGlf1h6U = 1. cm.@~6U. 2. 9n.L!J- w~y!{Dru. "ufTrf7Lriu (f5wo5J# Q~6b6U" (8J!h1bL/. {ljfTfJ s: 18). 3. Q{D@ffiJ~ILJ£DQJfT(j)1;fhGiJ.

.

urrQJIT Ql1TIT

75

®fiV6lj - ®rurT6l/. ®6lJfT6lf~6iJ = 1. LDiiJy>~6iJ. "LDOID{DGUJfTrT ®blJrr~ GUJfhtfUrfiJ (;!yL.6lJrrro6lfJiJ" (C:flJfilJrT. 763 : 2). 2. Qq,fTmrLfT(j)J~GlJ (UJrfiJ.J. 3. !DLurr®~6iJ. 4. tEJrom6UGU.J!)J~6'iJ. "@jQ)fTUJ (;;JChrr6Trrnq;/Ja~" (gQl8J. 1007). Ln. (:!!j~fT6lJ.

@j<OlJ - a;ru - r$Q). 8)Q)~~'" - 8n.@;?jru. r!1n.L@{DGlJrT 1l)GU, Qurr®tA.:f!JJ~6iJ. &4-uG U 9i ~6iJ, 8n.L9-UJ p5J ~"'.

Biru - .{61. 8)6\), G;)~. r!l)6lJILf, &. &fiU8i; W. Q,ou(!!J8). CJ)6U - c!l)fil)U4 = an.@~8i, a;rua;m8>, {DLurrm8>, Q~., &. 8irQlJuy.

8;Q)ULJ - a;6lJUULW - G~. 8j~UULc!:p.

CJj6U rfiJa;rr 6llff] J: OJ - ai6U6lJ tt wGU @rnLQ)}L@ci; U,LliJ-UJ 6llrf] # &81 c!JjL_@. 8J6U - 9)6)J6lS)Q} = 1. u6i;(i,)urr®L c!hfil)uL/. 2. 65/6"lSl'7 (LDGm) £Err 8)6Utfi~ a: ~ flJ6M ci; ® YJlhLJ. '" {lj@661 UJ !K' 6lJQ 6lJ OM J; $Q)Ql Q," (8i WU lJ IT. $ LSJLDfiifflU. 51). 3. 8iw!b{hGl/mTGl/. "a;6VcrnQJ8i @!J~® q,yS1uufr" (/DrT6lJL!J-. 268). 4. W6WGU Ch~~{h c!1i6tW~fTwLJ.

8i6U - 8JQ)6lJ. r!Jj6lJ6lJ ~ro = 8)6lJ~~"". "c!J)oo u5J w p5J lJ@!JffiJa;ruro6l" (@;fiifT n . €I UJ. 230). airuGlJ - c9l,"->tOlJ6U = 8)6U8i6l5>8) (t51 ffi.J.). 8i6UGllW = 8J6lJU U IT 61fT /lJl. J>6lJ6l1 tiiJ f.l~ fJ = Cf,6l)6l)6l).4 ~~ fJ. 8i6lJroUJ m tt rt = tLtD {DfT ®!DGUJ 6Tf rT.

C6Q)dJ66Tfl-n- u#c$fTB,(§ C:W6I'J/D (~~Q")&uy. ~®~rrL.®. 142).

8J fit) 6lJ - 8i rov tt roll. 9) QJ IT Gl/ ~ 6b = 8) 6lJ ~ ~ 6U . " QJ rt 6M i> f[)J 6'3 or 6lJ 61fJ Cf,GlJrT6lJ66)6ifr" (®{l5l~fi)u. 48).

ai6l) - aJ6lJtDLf - 8j{hwLf - 8)~L.buw = 1. 8nLLW. 2. 8i6lJUYVimGl/. 3. LD6"m"UQUrTllJ--8; $Q)mQ}. 4. U~WGlJrT LDITrn6U. ~.C:{Drr : ~fil)riu6tf)(1) -

•

Cf {!j f!iJ 6"5) a;.

8£UtD4 - B)Q)wua;w = 1. ktci;8i61J~QJ. "aii1JWU8iW 4m6'M~~ 6lIGlJffiuJ)6lJ£i; Q~rr~LUJ6U" (i)ru. i)(!!Juu~~. 5). 2. u6iJQJ~dj# G'Jo:tiJlLJ@!Jw uj)Q~~ $hm6lJu4r6J S;fiI)!h~ u@JQJGVQ/6"4>8) (@'Uch.roBJ. 812.)

aJru - e,~y>. 8J~y>~6U = GUfT®th~~6b. "'a;rom- QPii~L.Drrrnfil) al§JJJtP!6{h61fT(]Q)" (i)®ci;(]a;rrrnw. 397).

8i §J)J y> - CJj ~ y> Gtr = G> Q/6W ~ {D c!p @ Q <!F !h tEl !D (!J> ffiJ 8) filJ rf, {Ii U !D~QJu51 tii6T Lb.

" J, §lJJ YJ ~ a LD Q) fiilJ If, §JJ c: 1h IT 6M {l5I6W tt 6irr " (8i W U fJ IT. $I (!!j QJ QJ. 13). t!h§W~~ - QJ. 8i@L (garuda).

®ru-®W-8i<o-Tr. 8iSrr@!J~fjiJ = 1. an.@~6'b/ QUfT®!h~~G1J, ~:iJ~6b. 'aJfJ1rGYT' ~rt ll._fiilJ~LD'4®LJ. "8ico1rGYr #, r$(fj)uu" (Q~fTQ). Qurr. l!LQJLD. 11).

8i~ - <!Jjww = 1. an.LLW. 2. an_@t.DJLW. 3. G'1!btbc!JiGYTw. "8jrTGlJ SJJy;>6lUT a;fOfTi>{lj8i~ff»U GurrGf}'pSJ" «(yJ/JQ~fT~. 65). 4. C:urrfr<i;a;GYTln. "FF61J>(JW

76

u j;J ~Tl.D(!!Jt.h Q u tt (f!j.:!!)! 8)G'fT.jJ Q {lJfT JjiJ u/' (4 {D(fJlT. 2 : 15). 5" ~r;;6)QJ. 6. ~LLb (i)QJrr.).

8)G'ff W - 8)GYr l.D rt = 7. LD(!9;:D JijJ 6lJ LJ) rr J; 8) 61r. '\1Ji ® r5J m!Jj G'6I v;~Hi~r (§ (!!jriil 8)WLD(!!>ffiJ ~n..l1J-" (~bVU. 10 : 125).2. egurrrr LD[DQJrt. "9iGfr61Trrfr 8iGlTLD rfJ®c9G;)CT@ LDUJ9Jc!J)(yJW" (LD~~IJ 8>. 393). 8i6TTLD~ - QJ. 8iGlJLD.

c$GTT Lb - sen LD W = (LD([!j~ rffJ 6lJiJ.§l) Q ~6iJ. 8)W LDW - QJ. 8iGlJ ill.

CliGYTW - r$<OTT~ = ~6*O)QJ. "a;lii1Tm~UJ" (®!Dm. 730).

a>G1TW - 9l6TTfr = an_LLW (<<!jLrT.).

a>6'(T rT - ai61T rfI = 1. ~ csieu. '\~I f7 ffiJeg 8i{iJ jJ)J ffiJ C1i6JT rfJ t6Jeg~" (~®a.rnc!J)). 2 . C:urrn- 8l8iGYTw. "Ut!FtD 8)6YrrfJIJ1K~Q)" (LJ.QQ/. 2 : 6. Qa;rr@!j. 9L~IJ). 3. ~ rr L8iW 8j 6i>~ LD 6i> c!:p f!i 6l5l UJ 'iirT u uJ/311 LiJ ~ fJ ffiJ ®. 4. 6lI y> 8l(c!; LD~£Dw «(]a>rru5JQbVrT@®. 64). 5. GfljfTJjiJ{iJa:rrrrnQ).

a>6Tr LiJ - 8iW ~ - r$ YJ <iXff) = 1. LD@'flJffiJfit)W (L5J ffiJ .) . 2. 6)} UJ 6iJ . "CIi &P ~ ILfIP@Jrt" (LJ[D~rr. 13 : 11) 3. ega: JIll.

C1J6TT - (aiGTT ®) = 8iGlT 8)W = 7. Q {D {iJa;iJ rT. "QJ6fu 8iViJT 8i tffif)l)Q6lJ p5J a;®w" (i'GiJ. QurfJl1J@. 6 : 9 : 10). 2. ar6irfr~fTw4# rfTfT!6/!Jl. "8i6YT8iU LJrflma:Ji a;6'6Itii5TfTtt ..... cnrrJjiJ" (afljQJfT. 112 : 3).

8)6'fTCliW - 8iG1TuLh = 7. aJ6l.)6lf)6}} (@ljLrrJ. 2. 8i~~cta:rrd>f!)I. " 1§J ~ 8i6YT U ~ Q #3 6lfl u tt us " (iJ C!!Jr9; G a; tt rom 6lJ. 75) . 3. 8i GlJ 6"(1)(011 LD r;;rror J: t!Frr{fJ!f;l. "4roJ6l1IfJrT GlUJp9!6@Lr!T, 8i61TUW (]urra;®GlIrTrt" (~'7@j. ~'7®6lJ{b. 26).

~'C:!DfT : LD~L8iW - LD~LUt.b, rurrtiiOO8iw - 6l.JfTtiiOOUW.

8i61T@j - ChYJ® = alYJaiw. 8i!!>@) - CliYJ8iLo = 1. (But;Tm6ll. "a;y;a;(lwCl!D6U {DwtJ''' (ilGiJ. i1®6lJfTtiJ. 6 : 2 : 6). 2. LJ6U6lJr;r~6lJ (~6lJfT.J. 3. o;fiiJro6I uuJ)§Ww ~LW. "8Jffi{hrnffi UJ~WUJQIfT C1i~~ Q{hrfl 8i!J)8iu/' (8iwufJrT. fDrTL(J)JU. 48). 4. UalL8;8iGUW w{bClurrrr (!J>{!jrolUJrDM uuiJ~w ~LLb. (i)GlJrr.J 5 . .$QJ{DrT(Jj)Lb ~LLb. "8ifjUJi/J/Mr9; c!hfT~HiU LJ@riM" (@tD61r· 937). us. 8)YJ9iw.

a; ~ a; Lb 6T W 'if)J ~ Q t!F tt GiJ, ~ UJ 6iJ u tt 8i ~ rt ~ fii1i) 6lI ~ IJJ ~~6lJ t!Jl ~ 6ID 6lJ J, Ch 6TT ~ trn ~ 9, @j{l5l J; ® c: u: UJ W pSl , a; 6lJ {D tr @ t.b ~ '7 ffiJ (i6) 8J J:, ®p5} ci; Birr.f!Jl. "aicom 'i!JlI ~{iJ G'J u ®ffiJ 8iLGlj ~ffiJ 8j YJC1J c: W tt c: WrT d> t!JI " (~(!!jro6Jm(JT. ilC!!J{!jfTL--. 56), {5fTLL.rrmrGIDLD8; 8iYJ9)W, (iirJ)CFQJg:];t~fTIi>~ Jljfl{b U i) U L/ ci; a;~8)w (yJ~~ IJJ GlJ IPci;(8)trn6Yr a [DfT a;®a;. i1 ®8>®{Dfii1fItiJ @ffJJ Vir 6iT Will c!PI ~ 8i tt (J iJ 5) G 61J (J IJJ , 8i Y; 8i W 6T 6ifT ~ w Q a:- tt '" (!!j;!!JrT LfJ ffi/65>8i8> ®# 8>8i(jl) rr u5J {b.!J)J. 8iGlJ - siett 8iGYT@j - a;y;>@j - 8>ljJu,W.

8iW - 8JLfiI = t. (]urrrr8i8itOfTw. "a;LU1tLJrIiJ 9>1J!h6ID{hU/W UrTtj;;UL" (U/61Ju. 72. t2_rn(Ju. 25). 2. '€}C!!J G8irT61r6ID8i u{bp51UJ c!Tn.LLW. 3. LD[T

·

UITGtHT6mIT

77

WLrT ti> {h CJjfT (£J. "8iQJ6lJ LD<§rn~ B;L_8:I u5J tb {D GTlfft WI W" (W{w) G1J u@. 235).

ChGTr - 8)~. c9im-r~{fj6U = Qu rr(f!j[h/!Jl{fj6U, H 4~L8i~mfJUJ G;)QJfT6'1f) fJTrySJuSlGV" (@!J@). UJfT&. 17).

aim, - c9i6'm, 8)tiW~~6iJ = cm@~Q). <!Jj6'm - 8i6mW = 1. anLLw "8iG'm"rfiJ G;)a;rT ~(£1 artD !D~{l1rr rt 8)6i)QQ)/Oir {D6lJ{!J" ({DfT ~llJ-. 25), "WfT 6trr 8i6ffl ill LDflJfiVfT" (S]QJu. 13 : 6). 2. UfilnLUU(f!ji). 8iIOmW - QJ. a;~ (gana).

8i~ QJ rT = an.L_L~~fT rT. "gfh 9j<iim GlJ IT" (8itbfl>Lj· iJ@c9;a;u5l. 8). ~ f@>ffiI 8i~ li<fhfTlr = !l>Uf1 (J fT LUI U1~QJ UJ tr rt.

8) r;;rn W - 8i ~ coM = Q (h tt @j $J . " 8i tim r05T L ffiJ r!J) 8i aJ {b {lJ tt ~ uS} 6iJ " (m.fl)Ju~. 31).

aJ~Lb - 8)~8)Lb = 27 a{hn-Oi~Lb 27 UJrr6ID~8)@9t.b 81 ®W~FJ8i@!Jw 135 CJ)fTQ)fTL8J~ffiJ Q9ifT~ L U6b1LU U1 rfJ6l/ (UJriu.) ,

s. rO?RfT ill - ai 'iim" ti> /!Jl Gir = 8n. L L ill tt 8i QJ tt @w u!D 6'm 6lJ t6J ~ Lb. "@®tiJC:{hfTL L@~57rn!D Q[D@ffiJ8ifTtD 8i<ijffl~./!;lro1r" (®.J!)J[f,. 350).

a;GiT - aiL(f;J. 8)L@{h~ = C:<!TrT1hthrru, QUfT(!!jj,.§)J{h6V, 46(fl~~ru, OJ <GOO Fh {!j GiJ , g L_ @ tl> GiJ r n. Q;J iJ ~ lOb I Q ~ rt (£1 ~ ~ 6iJ r dPI rOm W ~ f!j GiJ 1 iJf7m~ruJ Q[9mey:;L6IDL S;LUJ- ~fJfiJ6mfDfUfT8i# Qr!JiWi>~{h6iJ· {hrr r;;6J HLUJ- LD6m ~$l)GU, Q c!F GUQQJ rr@ eu (J GlJ G) UfT ®~,gu {h6lJ, '€}>iJ{hru J Q u rr UJUJ tr ChU 4 6to ~ {hGU, e!}J@<fhGlJ, {h@$ii{l)6V, ~LJ;®{!jroiJ.

to., Q{lI., ai., §jI. 8iL@.

a;L@ = 1. OJ mfJu Lj. "CJ)LL6'fiJY;{hrrrt QJfTLa:,66JUJGirr" (dPI@:pLU. JD!Ttil;}{DL. a;rT uLJ). 2. LD6lJLJl51<GOO uLJ. "ChLL.f!)J fij G ~6?})W UJfT~@" (iJ(!!J6)JfT s, 5 : 49). 3. fYJLcrnL. 4. a;LLLw (OJffiJ.). S. ~L®uurr(f;l. 6. CJ)LLG"6)GTT. "'8JL@rnL8J aJrT6lJfOl5ItiJ8lfTwrt 8i6l5r~GUJ" (f/6)J8i. 98). 7. a;rr 6lJ6lJ. "UJ !fJlGllm ~6tf)~8; 8iLLy5}.j,iJ LL/I)/" (8iWU r;r tt. ji;J (!!j6lJ llI-. 18). 8. dJ).j r;r tOffi. "BiLL 67J)GlJ e!:P~.!J)J Q LDrfJ ~rflJ OJ cr rt ffi" (G tf)6lJ tt. 386:7). 9. wi' t'it]. "81L(]LfT(E> Gurr6Wrr tb 8iGN fh(]:!hrr@ 6lJ1JQ)fTW" 10.

G) !66iJ~6Uci; 8iLlJI-8; 8ll.{D r!iJ ®{151. "8i L~·W riiI a;y;> ffiJ ~~ t1J" (Q~rr6'iJ. , Gu.srr. 115). 11. G;)UrTuJlL/tmfT. '(8)(!!jLDffiJ a;LL~6'fTQlU6trr!D~ r!J)LLG:!hrr" (8iLoUfJrr. 8i}L_. d!JIfJ §J. 16).

aiL(E) - a;L.L_w = 1. 8jQJ!DfTLLiJ$J{b® GlJrnCTlLJw ~6m!Da;GiT. (Qu(!!>ffiJ. LD$~. 14 : 56). 2. 8irr(f;J (j;J6lJrTJ. 3. (]wfT6lJfTuJc9i a;L6mL - (i5JIiiIJ. Q{Ij. 8>LLQP (gaddamu).

a;L_(f;I - 8iL_L_c!hW = 8)rr~~ci;a;GU. "fDruLDtD6] r!JjLL_8iLb" ((§rrwfT. 55:13).

r aiL@ - cnLLLW = siJ® a;L_®~Q). Qurr#i~9iffiJ 8)L@tb6iJ, QurrGiT

6"5T~u5]tb a;tbu®ii~GiJ. 8iLLLW = Q{h. r!1iLLLfYJ.

78

C1»L_(6J - a;LLrrnr;;rr = 1. Qa:riiJ8JG1J (yJ1fj~UJQJtbpSl6ir c!JI#ar. "8iLLmGYf G8ifTl1I-~ j;JrfJuSltDiJr" (~!DQ!DpSI. 56). 2. ZL(!9Q/riu8it01r QJrrrT8i®ffiJ Q,(!96U/. 3 . ~ r;;i)r .f!)J c: u rr GU ~ GO) LD /J {lj 1L ® QJ tb . " r!h fT LLq- 6m QJ ~ 1h a {h tt IT 8lLLmfM C:UrTQ)" (Qu(!!JriiJ. lL<§ms:a;. 33 : 113). 4. 9L6lJ~LD (UJrIiJ.). S. £L6l»Q"a;6iJ, "a=rrGiu5J{b@)8> CliLLm,," UJfTQ~67Jf1~" (®{D6Tr. 986). 6. 9@ffiJ@j. 7. a;L([}Iuurr(£!. 8. CFLDUJ Q/DpSlQPrrn{Dc'Ji6lf)6TT UJ~rTth~W JDlTGlJ, 9. (]BirT u516l5ltb fiJ {lJ U U tt a; V>rT ~!Dc9.G;uFt.iJ{h{b®# Q.g: uJUJ U u(J;J t1J ~fJ[burr@. 10. (G,)~. 8iL_LL, lI». 8JLLC3G1T) ~il9)rrrfluilm lJ_~{hfJ@j

• •

cf!)/ susu fflJ 6J QJ su

$L_@ - CliLL_fTlJI- = ®{l5'1G'1CFrTruG6lJrrffi.

a;L@ - 8iLLITUL/ = l. aQJ6'6lUJmL~1D tEl6UW. 2. {DLrnQ}.

CliL_@ - BiLLfTUJW = {huurrw[b QIFtUUJ C:QJ~llJ-UJ tKJGG)Ul)~LD. Q~. a;LLfTUJQjJ (kaddayamu), &. ai", fTUJ (kaddaya).

®GiT - (®tiJ) - ®u51ru. ®u5JiWfbGV = G'1a:pSI~", ($J6lJrr.).

@j~ - (@jrT) - @jry-olJ = 1. C:ffrt Ji~8i. "C<!!JVfiVmLD QUJrr(!!j 8ifTY;" (8i6l5l~. 54:7). 2. (8)fT j,~. "9iLDy>®r;r{b .!!)JtprrtiJ" (uj;ltb.f!)Ju. 31: 8). 3. 8ii)rt. "'())JfJ~~®tiiJ ®Q""Q)" (LDtfJJ66>fJ Bi. 272). 4. Glu~lJf-rT 8"n.{.6~6iJ. "£lj6UGUrTrT @jfJ61fT tt !D{!Ju:/' (a;G61ii. 88). 5. wQ,GYf} rt ®y>ru <!pliI-ci;®w QJ6lDaia;~~ fftfiM.!f)J. (4.G'JQJ. 9: 35. lLmfJ).

®rt - ®@ - (8)(!!J) - 8i(!!J6l.Yl = Q;fJrr®$J. "8)(!!jG5J G~fT®~" (Q~rTGiJ. Q~rr6iJ. fLrfJ. 56), It. gruppo, F .. groupe, E. group.

®rt - ®PS1 =. ~61)Q/. "@)p5Jan.LI.!/-" (alT fT!r}'QJ U)]. 55). G;) u ®ffiJ ®PS1 = D§l!rtuC:UfJ~)QI. (S.LI.. iii, 175 : 22).

®6b' - ®@ = 1. 8nJ.~LLh ($J6lIfT., UJdiJ.). 2. G>~rr@j$J. "@t61D01JTJi @j~mQJ" (rgrrarrr. 63 : 11). ®@ - ®@fL. Ln. @)@.

@@ - ®@6lf. ®(g>6lJ~6iJ = an.@~QJ. "LDGfr,,"rT ®y)@UJ G'8J~6'5I m rr~t.h" (@)!J)JtA. 31) I "@UJ[J® LDr6Jfi6)8iLDrr®ffiJ @j@6lJrurrru" (a;wufJrr. QJQJ)I}'a;. 28). @j@ - ®@QJoU = anL._LW.

®(gJ - ®@w4 = $Jl}'rotr. "a;6lfl{b.f!)J8i ®<y>wUlar" (wi!J161»fJ 8;. 24).

® ~ W 4 - @)@WLf = 1. s.n til 8i afJ 8;®Q) fit) (,j1 ffiJ.). 2. u rffiir 6'5> L ~ fJ 6"6>6lJ/J c: $brT ~iJ)J &® 6lJ (!!!j/>rf/i IJ§I! rr u u®i) (ward).

@)@W4 - ®@LbuLb = Qu{bC:[DfT@W U16Tr~6lT ai@.9w C':lFrtt6{h <Tn'. I Lb. "@j@wu~rn{lj& @j{b{D W61f>!DL·JUfT ~Lw4" (®!DGlr. 1029). ®®t.buw QJ. @jL(J;JLi:JU.

urrQJrr~rr

79

®@fiilJ - ®@QJJ. ®@(yJ{D6U = an.@~oiJ. '" WIT ~ Q'7dMmsf/rurrrr @j@u5J" (8irT@U}UL/. uIiiirWl®. 134). 2. aiQ)$b;:DbU. "Q8irr6M6U)!DILJ~ ~6YT6lJc!:pffiJ ®@w~ Q{!Jrr@~{h" (tflfiUU. 12, ~. U. LD6"4lL. 10).

®@cYJ - ®(l_JJLDroV = anL_LW (UJffiJ.)

®@C!fJ - ®@ww - ®fj)rrw = 1. <Fn.LLW. "LDu5J{b®ifJrr~ G)~fT@W (gLJrr®LD6MWLb" (!h[h{hLJ. iI®{D8if]u. 31), 2. c!)I~QJ. "'o:rrruG!DfTrT ®y>rr ~~!Mu GU61f)~4a;GiJ" (®!Dm. 840).

®@ - @jlj)wL/. @jY;WLJ;fJ6U = UfilJQJ61fUJiU QurrC!!>t;/(r an_@;ZJ6lJ. ®~(!j) - 8)@c!:p. 8)~(yJ~ru = 1. G~rt ~ru. "Qu~L9-_/t ...... Qe:{b~9i 8)@uSJ

• "( 1""'\ 7 28) 2 /""\ · ." . .n • " 1""'\

estrrtr. Lj.\DI6'lJ. : .. \.O/UfT(!!j[!jffJ'7>ViU. 8i@wIUJ 8JrT {DGlJ (Lj.v:uQ/.

10, (yJro))(05)6l)U. 5, Q8ifT<§!!J). 3. ill7@!J;fj~. "G'JwwL/6m8i c9iW@ G<!F8;Gl5)8)" (f/6lJCh. 1350). 4. 8)6lJ~~6U. "8l@u51tU C8fTL_L/' (Q{!jrrfiu. Q5fTGU. 351 tL~fJ.)

®@ - Q8J@. Q8i@~me; = [DLLJrf/6'lflLD. "~GiT6'IfIQJGlTQlQ6NfT@ Q8i(!JJ~mr!Jj GQJ~l1I-" (LD~. 25 : 14).

Q8i(!:jJ'!)mr!Jj~w = !f>L4 rfJ6lS>LD. "£DLUl {b ®.!J)J U 48; Q 8J<!:I'~rn8)~ LJ)" (®!DGYr. 802).

Qa;@ - Qe;y5J = {lJLLJ. "9(!!JQJroM G)8ly5JuS/W4rnW CJCliLLfTQ.'{DJ8i" ({Drr6kTw6nfJ. 63). s: (8)Q6TT.

Q8i@ - G)8i@6'l/.Gc$@QJ:lJ6l> = 1. QUfT®~./!)J~6iJ. uLDr6J6C18)ffiUJ8> Q8i@ 6l1Jm GUJITli16MIr" (G:f[>Qlrr. 951 : 5).2. JElmfDffhQ). "Q8i@roB!l1J 8Jrr~6lf)OtJ Q UJ6M Jf)J" (;15~ m8JLJL.-/. 8i6TT 6lJ. 530). 3. u {b!f)J 8iG) S,fT6Tr '&J'fh6U (~Lrr J.

Q 8j @ <iilJ - [6 L_ Lf . "C: a; Gtf1 rT LJ) 6?flfT 66J ar Q 8i @ ~ uS] ffJI c: 6lJ tt " (urfJurr. 8: 63).

Q 8J ~ rtilJ - Q 8j@ (yJ. Q 0;@(!jJ (D 6iJ = 1. [i) L@1l>fiiJ . "~ ~ 6JT rr ;?J tt 11- U6mL.LJ8i@uSJ" (4. G)6lJ. 3: 12/ QaifT@!J). 2. Qurr®{t~~~ "C:$bGl]"fT Ldi ~8)v/tr (;)8>@u5J" (uLL!J-rnu. 47). 3. JEl6ID!D~6b. "G8i@u51 QUJriu a; ~ LD rr til ci; ~ 6'fT Q r;r rr 6lf} tJ CF tim L UJ 6~Hi~T " (eu 61r ~ . ~ '" j UJ f8 fT W . ui)u1lUJ6lJ, 9).

@j 6iT - an. ro1r . 8n..~ ~'" = iI f}" @!J ~fIiJ. "8"n. GlhT L 6lfT a;rf/ a; GTr" (@fJ®. WL-iJ.42).

t!m.GTrW = uW6lJ~a;~ ~rr@!Jw 6lS)QJ8;C:e;rT§J»r6J 8)Q)~{h LDfTL@~6lf. an.rorruumL. = u6lJ6l16'r)a;u5JrnrT 8)6lJ${lJ an.L(6JUUalL, (rr-@. 6 : 6 : 1 dJI (!!j 9i) .

8n.m - an.roffJ = 1. 8n.LLW (UJrii1.). 2. @j@wuLb (UlffiJ.). an.fi1fJUJm = rfTrLLLfTGYfJ, JDwm-u6lJT (@}LrrJ

80

8i:LGlr = ffrl.(6J, 8'n_@;?j6l> = <fY~ jJ)J (]CTrr ;?J6lJ, @f)@!J~6iJ, Qurr(!!J!~.ffJJ~riv, {DL4J!)J{hru, u5]@j~6iJ,

W., QflJ., 0»., .!!Jl. - an.@.

CTn_L = ~Lrn. W., Q{!j., Oi., !fjJ. - !Tn.L.

r!k@ - 8'nJ.':_LW = an@~a;, @fJGrr, ~GID6lJ, @ffit5~rrrt, {DLt5JWir. ui., 8n.LLW Q{IJ., s-a': L(!JJ , Oi., /!jI. - BnLL,

CTn_LLLD - ®LLW = 1. @17m. "~y;>{iJ®LLW (]urrGiJ" (g6lJdh. 10: 79). 2. ~tiW)6l.J. "U()5)L8>9J6l)lD LSJUJ-~i!Jlr9i ®L._LiJ~J;®# G18"6lJruu QU[Drrrt" (T. A. S. i, 9.).

CTn_LGU = 1. an_@~ru. 2. QUfT®!i>.t!Jlmai. 3. ~ 9JLQQ)rr@ an_@U5JLW. "w6l5lGUJrr 1[J#J G;;tJjrrroJanL@J" (ULl1J-~U. 98). 8n./_~tt (Cuddalore). c!p J; CTrL L rolJ = e!P QJ rr )J)J a; ((/(r CJ"YL (])I u5] LL.b. 4 . ~ ~HilJ 6lJ Glf) (OM U OJ rfJ ~ fh ;1j6~){iVroSl c:!JI6l.J~ 6lJ ®riil @jpSJUJp5f UJ LDcOW 6l5J 6lJ Jil~ y>8i ®W 8n.L[bar ySI "tC L6lJ~ !!u~[Du5J tb r!Tn.L6l5J 6"6>y>iJ{hffJ/' (~(!!Jc$(]a;fT I06)QJ. 186). 5. 46UGlIfT 8)~8)w. 6. aiy>a;u5'I ®Ib;lJ LD ff» mv· " r!Tn_L_ Q w@ffiJQ&{fl1J- c;, UJ y;l]ru" (CIi'i6!ii. 31), 7 a~fTU4' " Q~UJ6"(f)Q)ci; 8n.LC:Q)" (@IJ@j. G~~6lJ~. 70).

an_L@ = $Jf}"ifr, @6MW, [5LLJ, :!L{D6lJ, ~~Hirf51, CJ)Q)uLj, <.9)Q)61»t@l, C:~fruLJ, fj!uLj, fTn_L(£Ij,Qrf!jrrySlGiJ, 8n_L@ci;a;tz5l. Ln. anL_@.

!Fn.l_:_LrT = a~rrYJtt, @6M;2J{hrrrr, to. 8rLLLfr.

9n_ L L fJ 6l.J = r!Tn. UJ- U U YJ@jrf!j6iJ. "(] u tt {h uS/8i 8) QJ rt ( <§rr 61fT 6lJ rr. (!:p(yJL2 5).

an_LLrT = C:'$Jrr!J)rt, @G5T;2J{hrrrr, us. on_LLrrGlTm.

. "

8n.LLIJ 6lJ

an_LLrrrotfJ = [b~u~, uffiJa;rrGtf}, ~fi;~QJm, In. ~Lrr6Yfl.

8rLL'_(f)J {DGlj = 8nJ4-lLf {D6lJ rr LblJ, 8n_/Jj-j, Q rfDrr ySlGiJ Q c!F tiJ~6iJ. an_L_(£1 fD6lJ$ 8Jy>8)W = (Co-operative Society).

8n_L_@J Gc!FfT6U = ~(!!j GCTfT!D{!JViifr6"5>LDUULL @6'ID~J: QCTrr6U (Compound word).

c!l"-nL_Q~§;J = 1. ~m!J6lJrr M, an I· '9 QUJ@f!)JffiJ ma;G)UJ(y;i,.t!Jl (running hand). 2. ur;;vQLDIiJ Jila>61RST~ GlJLG16lJ(y;i,/tU (Conjunct consonant).

@j6ir-Qt$fTGlr. Qa;fT6iT@!J~6iJ =GJ U fT (!!J!h~ ~6iJ. "(8)fTm-WfT ~ Q8irrwmfT ~GlJ®" ((E!J[Dm. 470).

Qe;rrGlr - Qa;rrtitr~"" = 1. an.LLW. "Qa;rr6ir6IDwt6ltb U(iiL)rT 8il{l)~tb" ( e;!h::04· 65J mr ®'4-. 14). 2. ufJ (;!!jiJ. "Qa;fT <OTr ~GlT LDrT LDtjicjj{h [DfT r;;UQ) tt tiJ8i @jr§!F!Jw" (UrT8iQJ. 1 : 15 : 14).

Q e; tt 6ft' 6TT = JEl !J tbt.s. :!L 6"W 6lJ Q 8i tt Qr GYT 8; 5J 6"(» L~ {D fl)J . Q 8i fT G1r - (]8)fT61r = @jGl>GU. "QCF@riHGs;rr6Yr <01IfTtQ1j)y;" (LJ!DfDfT. 168 : 13). "(gs;rrL QLffiJ5Jtb_®a»6lJQJrrfiIDY;>" (ULl1I-roMU. 16).

.

UfTGUITQOTrT

81

c: .srr 6fT - a s.n LIJI- = 1. OiLl1/-u1J ®8;61f)r!1). "p:,rn!J)J 6G)~ ro5J (JBifT LUi-u5J~ ~ ffiJ$1" (€/(O}Jai. 1035.) 2. 8n.LLW (UlffiJ.). 3. ~al(O}J. "C: ~rr LD.!J)J (gs;rrLL_q..JL/W" (LD~. 1 : 43).

C8)rTtiiIT - Ga;rr@ - GCJ)rrLdJjW = U6lJ Q;fJ®8J 8n{[;)u5h_LD (UlffiJ.). adhrr@ - G~~rri1l-' Ga;rrlJf-~~6iJ = C1iL@~Q). ~riilf)L.D~~GiJ. 4I.9iLll-LD~LU (yJ~ Ga;rrliJ-Uu" (a;rr~fi}u4' i)([!;LDfOW. 4.).

Mml6u"ffi ~m166ir 1. ']U461>LO

a;mm, a;(fjJ U U GT ro U6mGll G),jhrT 6Uc!hrT U Ul UJ ~i) tD ®t6J 8;a;uu L@Gir6TT m_(@j61nLDtLJ®4r!h6lr. c9iGmJT i>~6b = an_@~6iJ, Q/_Jrr®J6i!»{hru, ~~~6i>. @j[Jrfil® 8J6mJia; ~@~{Drrw 6T~TUtJ)1 Q!l>GUm~ 6lJL __ LrTcr g!Jii1J8i6l.l YJ a,®. r!ln.L@ = ~u 46mLD. "UJLffiJa;roV an.LLflJ Q<Ol1@~Q fljrf] Q6lJ@j61fJUJrrrDifr" (a;wu r:r IT. ~i)Q)rrUJ. 1). Q8J@6lI 6T6iT u.:f[)l ~rT ZLQJ~LDUJ®4 (Q~rrGiJ. Gu.ur. 286, 9L.~r:r) (c!j@ - (8)@ - G8iY> = ~u LJ. "C: a;(J y/QJ6IDl}lLJ u51GiJG6lJfTGM" (~®t!.i;a8)ITIOU)6lJ. 269). Qa;rrtOiT~~6b = §)~;?J6i> "QJ~L9-~W UJfT!p Qa;fT6lliL Qa;fT6lf>w" (urflurr. 11 : 125) "®~Lb @rni3C:;f1rTC:L, QQJG1r6TTrr® ~~C:6WrrC:L" 6T riFrr WI Lb (ylfii6) {lJ ~LD u {iJ{l5I8i 8n.(j)J{htD 8JC!5iii1 ru ~u ym Wd; 8i®~ f!Jl U OJ!D tb;fh.{!l1·

2. UQrr6IDlD

U m 6ID ill U 6U QUIT@L .!Tn L_ LLD tt {hw IT sb. 8n_ @ ~ 6lf) fit) 8; ®tDJ a; ® t.b In iff ~ {h W 6T 6ir ~ t.b ~ ~trHilff'§ Q CF rr 6iJ r;;6J ~ GirT!f)J '0; GYr' 6T 6M WJ W

• I • •

u~~LDUJ®Lf ~~l.D8)(J)UUL_L,gp.

bT-@ : W9,$tOfr (wa; + a;Gtr), LDlJffiJ8>vifT, 6'6J6UrliI@j8iW; UJrrffiJ8JGlr, {BffiJa;6iT,

• •

d')I6lJ fT c!h6TT .

3. jlA>!D~

u<Okr ~L1)UJ rrGb !fJGln!D6l/6?i6T LfT ®w. 8i@(yJ~6iJ = $l6lfl!D1hGlJ. G8i@Gl/ ~<OiJ = ti1~flJ{DGiJ.

4. L6l (!>$fil

~OfT~tb® uS1®~fi5T UtOkrQ)LDGUJ uS/®®. an.@;fj6U = u5J®~6lJ. r!T,@(yJ~6b = u51@j~6U.

~.C:J6rr : tfJ'.Jt.DU = !K1m{DUJ, u518i.

5. C5nfal

~@ tCrr u Q U tr (!!JL <fh6lJj,i)GiJ 8i~ rdu@ ~ l1I--u5J~ ~r!iJ $1# QCF t6J 6l1;fh 61fT IT iJ)J Lb I 8j fi1 Q U fT C!!J "" fT roM ® u m u u5I tb U 6lJ GlJ 6m 8j u GI u rt ® 6'1r tfhru U u;fJ tt SJJ W , G'1 c!F (l5J:!D 6iJ ~ 6lJ fit) /!)J 8)fil) ~1D{b 8i@ ~it ~ ar J!)J 0;fi1 Qurr(!!jL 8iC!!>/J~ii a~rr6iTt6J{b.f!)J. 8D..6TrW = i)uUl, w6fut..q- (dreg =

82

sediment) §1.GJDrT : W<06rr@ - L1J~l4-' LJ)6W([;J~GiJ = Qa:{l5J{b6iJ. CFn.W~ = U UJ <OM tb flJQ/ tiirT. "$2_~ ifJ a U6m tt c!ii cmm ~ ~~ (iJ (!!Ju Lf BiY;, 709) r!Tn_stf} = ®tbfDW (~LJT.) @jumu 8O_6YTW 6T~WLb 6lJy>8i6"roCh GfljrT 8>(f!j8l.

6. &6D1T8>®

an_ L L 6U 8j ySJ .jJ ~ 6iJ Q u ® 8; 8) 6lJ 6lI @jiJ fli 6iJ 6T G7iT Wi Lb f1j tt 6iJ QJ ~ 8) 8; c!h<Om 8l(r!!j6lr, c!:p~fii1)fT@1gu G{DrrGtr[!5lUJ.t!» an_L_L{iJ c!JjriilfM Jj(]a;.

an_@ - afLLL_6lJ. 8)~ .jJ~6iJ = CFn.@~6i>. 8i~ - a;6m" c$@j = ~L(j)J, 9nL@~QfhfT~Bi, QLDfTi>~ ~6lTGlJ, ~6lTGlJ, eutj tiu.], 8"n.LLcD CJi6m r9;(!!J/ ,!J)~ 8J@j. 8j~ a;® - a;61fM 8; a> m, aJ!iim' c!i; CJj U UJ 6iT 6"Q) 61T.

7. 46m1T 8:81

r!Ii rr fljQ)~ a; tt 1fjGl51 UJ rt Q Lf) til '4!D 8> &.L Q; LJ ~ rt r!i ~. "Q LJ rt7 fh tt tb [!5l U Q U LUch ,!J)~ ~#iIOiJ" (®{DroYr. 1276). "c$fil)6l1l UJ IT Gtr w5:J Y>Ii>~fT!ii1r c: u rr 6iJ " (51fiUu. 7: 24, 8iL@61fl(J). "8nL6l5l[iJ Q,rr~ULJ(£J/j/' (@jfD6U. 1327). " Birr L1JJ; 8n.LL__ifu Birr 'i!J)lrfiNJ)rr rn6lJ" (Q ~rr 6iJ. c;, u tt. CJj6lT. 1'), 8)@flST Qj~

= c9n(PC:6lI IT biT. a;@QJar = ~ r;;r/5,- ®fJ rfil @i.

8. QU"®~()I

an_Glfl = Q u rr6l5l 8ifT rnm. !l_jJ)J U LJ r!ii8i6TT c?)froUru /!J/ ~QJ tb{l5J ~ U ®W Q,GTr ~~G{DfTQLfTW!f)J cm_@GlI:ffJl G1urr®ii~rr@w. 8>rDUGlJ = iLL~~ ryJL@6lJrrtiJ. "a;6lJ6l/#,a;ySJ $(£1(!::p~L" (~a;fDrr. 3) .

.$w - dJiGYTW = .2..LGi> (!J)ldML~rnfli~ flj6~'H)vQUJrr@ Qurr®ii~w !Q_J!)JuurrIiJUJ 1. 8J@iJ!!Jl' 2. G~rr~rii6)L. "urr@r!Jlw w8i6lfJ®Lb" (~fii1)U, 6 : 157). aim - (8JGffi@) - r!JJGffiLW = 8>@$.tp/! Q;firr~<OIDL. "BinfJrT@jrfil a;61IN"L_6'lf)6'5(" (a~QJfT, 1071 : 1).

CE6YTW - QI. gala. L. collum. a;mrLW QI. 8imrL (kantha.)

a;~ - a>'i!J)l. a>L@ - a;LL_fT6mff} = ~~a;fi1fl~ CJ)66)LUlJ,LLJT6WfI. ® u5J 6iJ - a; t6J GiJ = Jd, ~ 8l m L.U Lf mr rt 6lf (iJ <iilJ tt). 8i uSJ 6iJ - 81 uSJ .!J)J = a;L_(J)iru ~. Ln. C1iUJ.f!)J.

9. Q!BlU61I

Q [D(£J8i5J tiialy;>UJ Lfiiirr ~ rn L5lf)UJ U G u fT C!!>~@ U t5J r;;irr tjJ)J'iilJ ~ Q [DUJ GlJ. ®u5J §JJJ {hQJ = 1. Q {l> tiJ ~Q). "~UiQ UJ rt (j)J ®u5J ~ flJ .f!;fT & Lb u L._(j)'1J1/' (Q~fTru. Qa:rniiJ. 74, lL5(f)fJ). 2. UJ~~rfh6iJ. ®u1JQj - ®uSJmrr = 6ri>~UJ{b CEfTlJIT (UJffiJ). (la;rrLfJ- - C8ifTL!l-8)W = ~mL. Gc!JifTL!J-Q)rt = ~mL Q[DtiJClQJfTrT (Qu(!!JffiJ. @rurrQJrr~. 8 : 67).

10. C::urrrr

•

LDfT .f!).J U LL @®GlJ rt ~filJ6lJ §JJ @® rfTrLLL_/JflifT tt c!Ji'ilJ ~G ~ c: U tt fr

Qc!FtUQJrr. mc9i8iOlJiJ~oiJ 6T~~Lb QJ!J)J:,mBi C3fDFT 8i®<f,. c9iQ) - 8)GlJ@j = a;Q)a;w. a;fil)~ "@Gb = a;Q)a;~ Q<F ,ufj6lJ I 8;Gl)e;W - a;6lJfT Lb. Qj6lJfT tiJ/J{htiItJ

.

U IT QJ rr msrIT

83

:; UJ rwr .ji~roiJ, LDf1'jJ)J u(f;1 {hru. r!J)6lJ rr 6lJ {htOlJ = !iJ~ rh{h6U r!1irurr61f - seott 6lJ Lb - 8)Q)rr u t1J = 8)Q)c!J)w I NJ{hrT 8)6lJfT U L.b. aJGlJrnj] fh1hfiiJ - 8lfiV$«!!JG c!F tiJ ~6iJ. 8)WrnS] - &6\JrrU16'5l6M - G,)~. 8i6UfTUrn. c!Ji1.LLW = GUfTrr (~QJrr).

11 . B;6\) ffiJ t$6\)

{6@w LDtOlW ~ ffiJ a;Q)~~6i> CJj6lJffiJ ct6b. aiW - ai6U® - 8)ruffij ® - 9)Q)t!u a;6iJ. 8)60 - C1i~~. 8i~~~'iiJ = c9)Q)tiiJ8i6U. r!J)~y> = !CrT ci;a;ruB>a;w. !J)~ifJI = 9) 61) ffiJ 8)~ IT. 8i §JJJ Y;; - a;r;;6J tfl = (T,Q)ffiJ a;r;;r/; rT. 8i ~ ifJI - aifi6/ ifJI· OJ!iJ2J ~ -

• •

8i~~LD - r!JjSJJLLD - QJ. a;~Lri-_.

12. 56\)55tD

~ (J!) 61J tfl G UJ rr ® L5l {D 6lJ ifJIa; 6lr 8;Q) Ii; ® t.b au fT .:!JI t..D I ~ QfHfl iJI UJ IT 6"5T LDWfhiltb ~tLlrt 8i6lJ#'®wC:UfT4PW, ~® QCFtiJ$I u{b{l51u U~ 8) ® ~ ~ 9.8i6Yr Q @we:u IT .fJJ J.b lJ)filfT ffiJ 8jQ} ffiJ @ill>. 8;Q) rfiJ ~ ~ .$ GO cii@j 8)Q)c$CIlt.D. Clirucii® (t5JfDG5J(i6)~) - LD. aJ6l)8;<?!), &. 8)~lJ8;®, Q~. 8)6lJi>a;. a;ro~®(QuUrT)-&.r!1i~~~,Q~.8j~J;®~.8l~$$w(Q~rrifJl~ QUUJrT) - w. <!h~&a;t.b, G/h. aiOUc9;CI).

a; ~ lP{ljGV = Wg{ fill 8i6lJffiJ®~6iJ. ai(il)Q1 rf} ~~fiiJ = 8iGUffiJ®fh6U. 8jQ)6ID pJ, 8jQJGlJ IJ W, $fiUQJ 56> fJ ()J" ~ U QT t$(il)B; 8iriil @jp51uu rn. 8iiUQJ fJ W - (;) fh w

• •• • •

8)6U6lI'7(!JJ, &. 8JQJQlW. 8i@(y){D6U = WUJffiJ®{hfilJ. ®Y>WLf~6lJ =

•• • • • ••

8iQ)I!iJ@j~6lJ. Ln. ®Jj)LD4· ®lPLDLj - ®Y;;U4 - ®tpUUUJ = {ljrr jJ)JLDrr.!!)J,

~mwiJuJJ6ir6'6)LD. C:a;rrynDuw = @jy;>uuLb.

13. ~IJL.fI

uQ)Q u rr (!!)GTr &Glr ~~ on a; 8: c:~ rfl6isT j;I fJ LiJfL/~ Lrr@jLDrr ~6UrT6iJ, 8n_®~[b 8i®~iJ6iJ iJfJL_5)a; a;®~~~ a1hrr~.!!Jlw. ®Gi1" - (!!JfiifTwy = r;;5JQ)ffiJ@j8)61f16lsT ilr;mrL 8irTiJ)J~rT. ®(!jJ - @j6mYJ = ~fJ~L a;rr~~. ®@ - <h@ - 8i@® = Qu@WUtDotDQJ. 8J@ (Y)1J'@j = uS1o;u Gurfl4lJ. @jQr - C:!!J6Rr@ - 8i~@ = 8iLLSJ-, JJfftb{l51fJ~GTT. 8imr@ - eJG9rLW = Qu rfJUJ t!Jlfii6r@. 8im6DT 8;8irr", = iJr;r6"hrL G8imr611L8;(J;rrQ). a;mGAT

= ~1J~L UJUJ-. 8i6tfUiWlSTUJW = iJf7QhrrL 6T®. @!D@ = ~6W6U),",. @j6iJr6mL (&rrm6YT), @jom-Lrrth~UJ-, ®6Wl '9 UJAr (~mr61661ffiJiJ), ®6rhrr@8i8;(g>A>$li 6'T Qr um G1f Lb iJfJ L._gJ U tb{l51 UJw(JQJ.

14 .. U(!)A>LO

i)IJL~UJrrtb u®rnLDfL/mrLrrw.

®® = u(f!j~UJ. "®e0IL8; o;61f/tbJl)J.$ @j.!J)JLb4mL1h~6l51dr" (4{D{hrr. 97). an.6Yf1 = (;)u®ffiJ8i@@j. an.6'If1uum61fr = $6rrGtfluUtiffHilr.

15. 56TUD

iJfJL1iJUJrr~w u@6U>wUJrriJUw e;m(lj)mrLrrw. ®® = &6UW. "U8iLDL ®~SL::t iJr:rw" (4!D!DfT. 32). (@j6iJJ - a;6V = 8iQff(!JJ6TrW~. & .. , tn .. , &..u. QfJj., Ail'" &1OlJ§j?J.

84

16. QU®AllD

u® - Qu('!J. u(!!juQurr(!!JL 8i@j~~rrrQ(ff QUC0~LD r!J)ffi~~rffiJ,mjJ)J, jpJrd5rQurr®L a;(!!ji>~IT~ QU@rDIDW a;~w a ;:hrTr;;ID- .!J)Jw. ®® ®® a;8lGh-, ®(f§B:7 ru - ®rf}@,ru, «!!jfJ QJ6isT, (c!!;(!!j UJ8>6ifr! aJ6?fT W QUIT C!!>d>@UJ, Ch ~ @j it ~ (ljJ #J 6l5I UJ Q r!F rr [iJ 8) rOfi) 6lT ILf W @JkPJ:,@j8i 6lf) 6fT UJ w G IV IT c4 ®8). 8)GV~67n{h = QU®~LD.

iI!t)J51Al6TT55®i>etMQr

QUfT(f1jj,{htb 8)(f!jfhiJ~6iT.!J)J, a;L@#jru, ~~LD~~~, Ljrnm{!jru, Q a: iW ~:f!jl tD roiJ, dP/61Hff/ {h 6iJ, LD 6"ffi ~ {h GiJ c!:p {h ro6J UJ u ru 8i C!!J ~ ff;J J:, a; Gil a {li rr ~ .!J)J w. ff;J fJ L~ cii CJi (!!jdJ $I ~ 6M JJ)J @mrfiilS) UJ, %L$)J iJ! i) flJ rn LD ~~UJ CJi®iJ~8;8)f!§!!JW GfbfTW.f!)JW.

5) QW Ql LD (c!!jY;> wLf = ~ ~ 61Hff/ UJ CF tr .f!)J. ®LliJ- - alLllI-. an_61f/ UJ rT =

•

U 6"5) LLD{D GlUT.

!!!_.f!)J5] r!liL@ = !!L.fJ)Ji). 8iLllJ- - Qa;LiJI- (8jLL_66)6Y[ = wuSJa;) i)!Dfi6lW (8)LliI- - Q8)L'-9-a-,Cf,fTfJ~. a;L_L_fT61Hff/ = i){DG6lJrrw. QIh· 8i LLrT 61Hff/.

@g5Ii1q : - ®W - @jWW"-' - @juSJUJQ; - @js51U16lJ, ®W - Q!!)WL/ - @jLDu6iJ, @jLDLJ - @jULf - @jUU6U, @jU6"5)U, «!>WLj - ®W6'lf)U c!p~Vi6lUJ Qa:rr{b816Tr ® 6'SJ {!j rjJ a; (!!; ~ c: {h tr (£J an_ L {b a; (I!J iJ 6G) {b lLJ ffiJ Q 8i rr 6fu L m a 6lJ Wl ill, ~rori>QJ lLW et ~WJ W eL.t6l rT (y){!j6U G QJ rt cF Q a: rrGiJ6l5] ~ 6iir,g)J ~ rf} [AfhW QJ tt {b6l5J 6irr, ~ffiJ (:!j8i r!Tn.{DU U LlJf- su (G eu .r!li.)

@Q) 1 ~rr6irrJDJi:> ffi<!!>i>~ (J6lJrT liG'ltfnEib)

c: {lifT rn- fDtb r!Jj(!!jdiiJ 00 ~ jJ)J, ~GlT esno. Q w6fir emo, §:J jJ)J r;mw I ®l!)J 6IDLlJ C!P{h6'6J UJ (J;(!!;i> t!P cJ;a;w ~6IDG1T 8>(:!!JW.

@j4iiJ - ® w - ® ~ ~ = ~ J!)l U/6tr 6ID Vi1T I g, {b g)J u5J rfJ, ~ jf)J Q u rr C!!JGYr , '~~m1'4rfu ®~6?Sf}ILJW' ~Qu U,ff)I urr6i5TLfJ- {DfT L_@ .2..G1Ja) QJ~ct®.

@jW - @jW - (:!!)fii1T (r!!j = 1. ~w {h~61fl y>. " 6lJ tt fJ rom- (!:pQr @jGTT8lC!9!f,f;J" (c$G'6lfiJ. 42). 2. 6l1JGlJffiJ@j~fT. "LDp5!(!!jG1T ®~L6irrar LD~mrr UJ8iI~c!F~" ( fD rr Q) lJf-. 17). "~rn fit).!DI aJ/r ~ 6Urfil (!!j 61W fTC: GlJ @jwG)eli6rfT v;6J UJ iou 6UfT(f!jU/'. (~L_fT. 6 : 32). 3. {l>fiCf)bPlLJ6mL. "@jGTr8j61f)t;T# ar{b{lfJUJ ®£DLDL[A61fl::JjUJfr" (8iIT~8161W. 44 : 16). 4. ~61J)Q)c$aip5J. (w).

@jGYT® - @j61T8iro!r = ~rnGlT(§dr.

@jGYT8iW 6ll{hf!)JySI (a;{h{h4· @jwrrlJ. 1.).

@j6YT - f!!JY;> = ~Vi1T6'IDLDUJ fTGW. "LDY;>6lJ ffiJ C:!JY>61J LD ~6TT~LDU G) u rr (!!J""" (Q~fTv;i). lLrfl. 14). ®!J> - fill. @jL (guda).

·

u rr QJ IT 6mIT IT

85

@jL_ 6T6¥ ~ W Q/ L_ G15 rr 6iJ v;& afJ cO&!.!J)J «!J J.P 6T ~ ~!h G) ~ ~Q 8" fT 6iJ j;J rfJ [h ffJJ GTr 6Tf :fJ fT 8i # Q a= fiiirT m ~ U U Q) 8i 6~HiV 8; 8i y> 8i {h fJ uSJ!p ~ 9l '7 (y)~fii61 ;fJ6mQ)!ly>rr 8j8; r!J)fT LlS/---UJG1r ett f9l.

@jYJ _ ®!PGlf = @6lT61JlLD.

®!i>GlJ - ®JPQ)) = 1. @6lTc@Cls:tiJ, m,g;J;€9lP~~{h· "Ffo6M{D ®y!6'6I C!-_j)8jdiJ <1i6'Chfr Lfl-lJffiJg}" (LD~. 11 : 114). 2. uureoe«, ~fiilJ, 6T(!!)61JlLD, a;L_~LD, LJ)6lJ)r;T, (!!jfJ ffiJ@j, (!:pOi, ~ 8)W (y){D6"6J UJ QJ) ",r!iJ UJ 6iu" @wmwu Q u UJ rt. (Q$fjrrGlJ. LDt;JUJUJGiJ, 19 - 23). 3. ~[Jp576lfu5!rflw @G1T61DLDU QUUJfr. "68yS1GiJ ~fTmy>8; @jy;>6>5J" (Q~fTru. Wf}L5IUJWJV, 24, 9}_J;;mr;r). 4. ~® ®!f)JmLDu QUfT(!!jw (YJ6krQmrrL@. "@J!j)66Jii j;lffiJOJw" (Q~rr6iJ. LDfJ· 24 lL~IJ).

~.a~rr: E, cule, F. cule, L. culus, cula, culum. - dim suf. E. cule cle, eel etc.

@jY' - ®1Pt6!Pl - @jy>~(iG)~ = 1. 6tf)8ii.JtJJ~mGTT, "®YJ[h~{hmUJ '4t8Jtt~~ W6lJL!l-c9;®" (8iWUr;rrr. 1L.(!!Jr9;e;rr. 65). 2. ~mL uy>®«t!> tRJ!)JUJ6iT61Om 3. @GTTWU(!96lJw. "@jy>~6lJ)$f> QQJ~UJiJ" (8iwuf}'rr. Z!illrt<J{lj@. 209),

~.a!Drr : OE. eild, E. child. c = k.

®Y'6lf - @)!j)® = 1. ®YJ!A~{D. "®y;>Qc!J)W GJ~@~i!li8i!6fDtDlfmLD" (~(!!JuL_J. 106). 2. @GTT61flLDc!F Q~~G5J. "Qa;rrwmLDc9i ®ifJ8Jrr@ffiJ (ls;fT6lJfi11mf)' LDrrrrurt" (gQJ8>. 2790). 3. ~!p(c!j. "G'Jc9irT6'VrrnflJ @5ll1-B; ®!J)t!hrTe; .... 6'6JmwUJfT(jj)Lb" (G{DGlJrr. 468 : 7).

~Y'@j - ®!p8)W = 1. @6'lnG1T@jGisT. "Jffi6M"W61m~ @j~8jar" (iJ@f06Im61f. ~@LDfiim. 44). 2. dJ/Y;>8iar. "Q,g;fTL8JU QUUJrtr4@ffil @jY>c!J)~" (~(!!JQJrr J. 3 : 12).3. QP®8iroir. (tSJrfiJ.). 4. t5!fDrT J;51fimrfu®uQJQ;r. "@jt;T6mQl (l8)rT i;{lj @jyuJj~firr" (i)6iJ. ~C!!JQlfTti.J. 3 : 6 : 3.).

@jY;>LDBim- = 1. @6YT W U @ QI ~ {lj 61SHiU QJ ~. "®~ LD8i6"~H)"6T at 8i6l51 QQJr;;Wurr8i Q8)fT~@ ..... 66Jwffi]q, ~mr;r~ ~fTffiJ®" (@6lJ8;. 6l1J. 858). 2. QU~liI-fr ®!J)Lf)r!J;",6lfTU L_J8i@W U~QJoU. (Q:fJfT~. 283). 3. LDIJU U tt rm 6lJ. "fL/J ~rfJ UJ U u L_ (iJf!» ®lP LD <Ii ~ {D QT ~ @j f6 roU 51" (u tr IJ {D.

IfJ6lDr;Jw. 136). .

@jy> - ®my> = {D61f1rt. "QufTfitJriu@j",y! Ujy5Jrmcg" (LffDw. 50). &. Q8irTJpq~.

@jy> - @jy>6m6U - @j$lJ(itJ)Q) = 1. UJJjJ6'lnQ)8= G)a=rr~. "{hw LD8;c$6Tr W!J)tG4lfiU# Gl~fT{b Gc!1iwrr ~GlJrt" (@j!Dw. 66). 2. @~UJ QLDfTySI. "@j~Q)Q)a: Qa:6iJ QlrTtiJcii ®jJ)J{hQ~fTl.S/- LD8itOtfJrt" (U'lfiUU. 30: 114). 3. ~¢l66JfiUrTro, (i}GlIfTJ.

~.G{1jrT : LDY' - LD!J)m6U - LD~mQ) = @jy>t66lf)~, W8;6V, LDf#J5r)Q) GWfTySI. @ill> _ @jy;>Jh~ - Q9irr~thgp = 1. @fi1TtA~GlfJrt. "fiJ{iJu m1rf@UJ @61J)Q)

In

--------------------------------------------------

lLjriiJ Q8ifT@{iJguw" (G)u®diJ. @6UfTriilIrrr;;m-. 2 : 143).2, @61f6mLDlUfT()M.gJ. "U/6"'(j)!DJ;Q8Jrr~!6~" (m[6Lfh· ~6irr . .{!JJf/[)J. 12). 3. Qw6iTrnLD. ;"rurrm~'4tb!D - C:a;fT$I~fT WLC:5U GLlfTQ}8; Q8JfT@ff>ffPfii'fT Qa:G51IU ~rr$J" (@L.JT. 12 : 150). 4. QwriMfiW)LDtLJrr~ l.D(!!j#,QC1JrTQftdJ,gu. hQChfT@[!J.ff)/ QJ6lJ6lJ[bj;J" (CT,[f,fhLf· ~Jh~CT6ifr a;uSI. 42.). S. LJrnL_u5}w (!jJ~ 61fT~. "(]r!FGilf)W'u1I6irr Qa:,rr @!ht!U(]ufnuJ; QCJ)rrl.!J-LD~w u5J€J~ruuS! Q~Gi.>~61) BnlJl-tbG{D" (8JLbu(Jrr. br@fi:ffJ. 24). 6. 8iQJrfJ~~. "Qo;rr~rh.t!»()7$)L_UJ t!FfTW61f)IJ" (a:;wur;Trr. G,g;fT6V®. 25).

Ln. Q~fT@[!JJ1jJ.

Q~rr@~§JJ - Q8ifT(gJIh1DrrrnL = a;®tbt5}~ ~gf):ii~rny!. ®fJJ - (!!yjfh c!Jj{lJ - 8i~G6l - <!nO: 6TfI = Q c9imr 61f)L_9; ®<98i.

@jGlJ - @5rT - ®®. ®®j,~6iJ = 1. a~rrv;M.!f)J~fiV. "~j;Jfi5fJ6fu.g)/ Qwrr® Lf@LtOirr (!!!j®~~rr~" (6UJ{fJrrUJc!1iLJ· 72 : 4). 2. (gQJrT 8;@j(0 gJ_mrL.JT ;2J6V.

® ® - <!!>® /J!fJl = 1. @"" ~ {hrrw, @61T!hC:fOrrmr!h, @6'lTGGlJrr(iiCfHiV. 2. 8j(!!jwL/JP1~. "®®r{h~!D c9i@LD4iJwfDtbG{!J" ({DfTG1J~. 211). 3. c9ifT ~& ®®i>.f/Jl. 4. @GYTrnw. S. (;)QlmrG"Glw. (UJrfiJ.) 6. UJfTm~ LD(!!JUL5JW !.LL U ® i). " ~ GYfJ £66trr W tt m .... (] QJ !J> iJ f!J Q 6lJ mr c: a;rr@ QJ tt rill lila-, ®<!!>~{h®!h~w" (~8iw. 381).

Ln. ®®~jf)J.

®®i>§J - @j®!6~ = (LiJrfv.). 1. ®YJ{Auri)~. 2. QQJ~®®/J~.

®®{hfDJ - 8i®{tJ~ = LlJr;r8;8i~jJ)J. (aL.QJ.). ®® - ®®@j. 1. U6'5fffiJ®®~/Pl. "®®@) u{l5JUJrT IBrotfJ®w urnwu)}m9" (urf/UfT. 2 : 43). 2. @GrfIii5>LD (@Lrr.). 3. Q)}6lJffiJ~w ®LLq-, "~rfilQjJ; ®®®" (~6iJ. ~®UUIT. 1, mJturrJ. 4. Q6lJoW611LIJ. (i)QJfT.).

G}Qj~mLD8; 9i®~ffJJ, UaTr6J(!!J(!!)j,iJ ~Qg jJ)J <JfhfTrn p5'J!b j!)J. lD.Q~., !!jJ. ®®.

®@«!>8;~ Ylrfil ~ = ~t;;fTffiJ 51 ~ffiJ®.

®® - (f!J(!§W61>U = 1. G1,:bGisT6m6M' U66>W s;61f}6kT ~,,"ffiJ8ifTuJ. "@@LD umwt6J~ ®@wtimu!B®Lb" (LJ{Dw. 24 : 2). 2. @w$rr. "@j~!f)JffiJ ®@wa>ulLJW G;)QJ!!)Jj,,:btf/roirr 6"6f1w(yJ6'6)QJ" (c$Q)Q) tr. 52 : 8)

In. ®@WU. 5. ®®t.bQu.

®® - (f!J®W - ®®rnGfT = 1. @j!J)!Am~. "~@L._ ®(f!JQJrrffiJ®C!!Jfilf>GTT" (g).~. ur;ru8i. ufTu1Il}'w. 4). 2. {DfTuJ, um-{l5J, L/fi6I, (yJUJriv, tDrfJ C!J>~~UJ

QJ {b{l5J'*' ®LlJI-.

Ibff(]UJ u6irp5J L{efJ(fPu.JQ; IDIT6ir(§W cfh lLfN &ff6IJQ) @(!!J6IJ6!T QlJ.Joiru

/lJtfllL{w dJ/,tbC:/p ,lDffkj..61Ttf Q6ff61fl<:66T (QIDfHfu. LDr}'t.5lUJQ), 8, 9J

•

Urr6UrrQUTrr

87

3. U fTwUJffi ~. "fiJ !J)JGJG)J6lr GrTf7mJ 6"5T6lJQJrfic9i ®®m6TT" (®J!)J f,. 119). ffl.G{l)rT : @jLilI- = ~.!J)JQumr, E. girl, female child.

M.E. gurle, girle, gerle, perh. cogn. with LG. gor. child. - C.O.D. ®(!!Jwrm - = ~C!!J stttt <ii6JblJffiJ8iJ~ @6TrmLDU GUUJIr.

. . " . .,. .

®®l.J)~ - ®®L.fJrr~. ®Llif-®(!!jLDfT~ (3T~utM ~Q)8i QJy>a;@j.

®® - CIi@ = 1. (§6lJ. "wrr6'5lffJa>y> W8iGTfJrt 8i®#~rn{lJ~ C:{hrrrTa;®w" (LffDw. 34).2. (!jJLmL. 3. (y)LmLJic!h(!!J. "Lf!D6lfJiQ;(!J> QJ~~ L/w;(gL/f)lJ QJ'7~m" (LJflJw, 34). 4. UJflJuLf· "a;®mGlJ:t §JI6tOLUU" (t.SI'7LJ~r!iJ· (8)rT a;~. 15). 5. iLLWLJ. "8i(!!J61Jw G11{b¢1®tAf!)/" (i16iJ. i:J(!!J6lJrrtiJ. 5: 10: B). 6: ®lP!h~~. "C:~rrfJl{{hffiJ 8i®~QJ1h ~ffiJ8im 8i<!!/;)QJOM::h (];?jrrGTfJ G6lJ{6i)" (UfT'7~. IffJ~fJ"· 116). 7. @LlJ1-. "8ifT ~fii(i){Dr$ CliC!!J6lJW" (976lJU. 25: 52). B. G5Jmw(yJ~{b CJi(J6'5lffJUlW (IfJuS1~{!j c!hrrf}"'"'"w) "r!1i([!jQJrr Uj6lJ9:J WJ8;@" (~®QJrr a. 10 : 14). 9. dPI r!F8r 8> & (!!J. "iJ ®6lf ®6'6I~G"lrr r!i; 8i®6U/~ tt {b Ch6liM@" (i'®6>1Jmw. @IJO:. 9.). 10. !D@' "~dr~rt 8i 8i®Q~il"ilJfT (yJLfii>" (c!f,wu(JrT. $ir6Jt!h'7tT. 44). 11. fL_LG;)urr®m. 12. ~l.!I-UU~L. "a;(j!)(]QJrT 1Sf-Gl11JliJ- ..... 9,rTrnrrrmLDu5J~" (@t;rf!!!>. {DBiIJU. 20). 13. !IJlmr 4XW~. "8)(!!jGl1WrT QJrrw"'/fJI" (urfiUfT. 2 : 5). 14. 8i(!!JuQUfT@6Yr. "Q$!JuJ6lJc!::p~rraQJ ...... a;®QQlaT QwrrySJu" (Q;'hrrfiiJ . .dJ)/a;~. 18).

to. c!h(!!;. s: C1i(!9.

r!li(!!J = !fJ@. <f?Gf6rT: ME, E. core.

QIF6M6m6MU uGi>~6lO~a; 8JfPa:,~ ~uSJ,;p ~8JfJ (y);?jf06l, Oi(l!) 6TGb7~L.b fljITUJ Q~~Qs:rr~6lOtOlJJ; a;®uuw (garbha) 6T6iT~W QJLQ~rrroiJ~ 6"5fl G1rr.!f)J i) rfI ~.:!P W etr f!)J. QI L G ~ fT 6iJ c: Ol) Q??i G6T Q r!T tt GU ~ 00 6tr .[J)J C:~rr~¢1t6J®~Pi'" <JQJrur@Lh.

@)Glr - ®L@ - ®LL_W = ®fJ ffiJ (~!!y$®L._UI-. "{DffiJ®LLffiJ Bim 6Tr .... wfi,i)8i6Yr 8itiilfMQl6T1lr~§JIt1J" (~Qj. Qurf/UJrry,. 3 : 5 : 7),

&., LDCTrr~., ®LL (gudda).

®LLW - ®LL6M = 1. g}jJ)Jt5J6tra>v;rr. "6T~ iJJ!)J8;@)LLW" (ilfiiJ :

QurfJUJrrfP' 1 : 4 : 9). 2. @6lTLD8iWo "®uSJG6tJ6lfTU C:ua;QwriiJ ®LLQbU~ ®!b{lJf!U" (iJ®8i(lc!hrr. 224). 3. df£L@8i(!!!J" '9 . (i'QJrrJ

to .. ®LLar, di. «!iI' I (gudda).

(!!>L(j)I - ®LliI- = 1. [Drrtll, U~¢11 4661, (yJUJw, ~rfJ ~5JUJQJtbp5JtOirr @)LLq-. (QllJrrGb. LDIJ. 10). 2. ~L_@&®L._L1I-' 3. §J.!J)Ju5J. (~.QJ.). 4. 8i6tSlL U'Ju UJ6iT~fQfTu5J~ Qurr~u QUUJrt. a;rnL&@jLliI- (9L.QJJ.

LD. rg,LLq-. &. @jLiJI- (guddii.

ME. kide, E. kid, kiddy.

88

5. 8i@ c::ff)/Q,Q),g,J fi}6lDfirT.

~-(£J : ~L.'-9-u@~Q) = ~mmuu@;fJ.u.

t§Pr;T pSI G'JIu5J rt u Q u UJ Ffl Qu j)GfTmwuG) u rr C!!J"" (!JJWGlmrr L(fj). 6T -@ : ®LIJI-U t5I LGlJ t.b, j @jLLq-G6lWfT (Li}Gir A>W 6ll1"" tt iJi/). 6. 51 tDflJ U U w;fir 8=Jtb!D6irm~UJn- QUUJrT (!jJ~Q6"5TrTL®. 6T-(j)J : ®L_l.!I-UJuu~,

• ••

®LllI-UlIT ~~IT6'ff.

@;w - @jtU - @jli.lcg& - ®c9ar = 1. utDmQJu5}6fir j)mmwu QUUJrT. or-@ : C8irryS/Oi@je98i, L/{!JrT&®c9&' "8Jrr8im8)8:;@jw ~ar®~8i c;,urrw ®c9&" (uy;GWfTyS/). 2. WW, 6Ti6I, ~~GiJ c!:p{hw6JlLl6lJtbpSl~ j),","6'GlLDU Q U UJ rt. 3. ®y;~ mfh c::ff)/ QJQ) §JJ ~.f!)J GlIm- ~ ~ ®pSI. 4. UJ pSI UJ ftJ.

Ln. ®<8fJJl· cIi. ~& (@j!J>rA~{D)·

®<9r!Tr - @j<9<!Trrw = ®~tAm~ ~6bQ)!DJ ~!)JQJ6iT ~Qlv@jpSl.

®<9& - ®~8:'J = 1. UfD6"6>6lJu5IGtT j)wmUJuQuUJrt. u'ClirflUJ ®~U1t6Jw /DrrCli LlJrrrtuiJ" (iJ.~. utr, wrTUJrTQJrriJwJ!)J. 1.). 2. ~tb{!Juum~{b{lJrnmwUJrt QUUJn- (yJwGmrrL_([;1. or-@ : ®~8:)UJuuro, ®c§ff1UJrr/Jm~, ®<9U1UJrr#q), ®c9~UJrrtlJ (UJrrJPu.) 3. ®lPthm~ ~6bQ) ffJJ 8!J J!)JQJroM c::fj mr ®pSI. 4. g, {!5JUJ!!Jl.

®c9& - ®cF& - Qa;rr Q:8T = g,pSlUJf!)J.

G'J r!li1T ct r!liU m u UJw = U/!f)J QlGirr. Ln. (;) srt 0: s;. Q Sirr q t!Ji - Qs;rr # s:w = !iJ .f!)IQJGkr.

®tiJ - ®UJw = j)6TffitJ>LD. (~ilJrr.).

®UJw - rfJjUlW = 1. j)GTTa>w. (ilQ.Jrr.). 2. (;)LDVikrrnw (t5JriuJ. &wQ6lJ6ir til61T6JfJ QLJ)6irQ)LJ)IJ..j~ Q6tiJlLjW (Q~fTru. 1Lrf). 24)

8iUJ~;2jrn6U = 1. <E!JYI£hm{hl6J6isT GlLDQ;Q)J1lJ ~61DQ).

QjJd;ClifT y> a;UJ £f;~Q)6lJ/J tpjrr y> (r:!Jj6'6J /J. 86 : 2)

2. UJfT6"(f)tm&~J!)J.

''pIifIJ.J~ li &lJ.Jffi~mQ) &QJt!i&lUJ 6/6ir66f 6lI>t:rU

i.SJtq..JY,L Iq..U til6irtlJl6llirt!!J)J15l &61f1Q/D61ITQj (!!U;"IT ~1b61lTC:(T " (s;b6ltb. 11)

!iJ.!J)J U1Qral6Tf 8ifiimGT( 8; (J;oir J1)J suu {i;~6lJ)Q) G'lUJikrU,gu urrritrr '4- {bfT L_@

•

6lJlP8i~·

g} J!)J~w9; 8i@l5iblLh @.!J)Jrnw8; r!h(!!J/Jf[JJ tb: ®r9&Ji 8;L8iW = ~pSlUJ fj)6J)QJUQULUJ-.

®<9&# UluU! = g}pSlUJ (YJ/J~~ Uli.JOJ. ®c9s;.u QUL~ = ~pSlUJ GJUL'-9-' (UJfTfPu.),

.

u rr Q.J rr Eim IT

89

®®s:w = 1. ®!D'"' (j;J6lJfT.J. 2. ®tDmGlT. J ilfiil1rr.J. 40 (c!jU@?' ~r;;1g~t..b QJ L Q a:- tt 6lJGmou @ ~tiJ @j fYJfiU LDfT 8JcT Q CT em 6m61JT U U 6U9JQtf)6lJt9l a;Y_;;8J

{!juSl {p ~ BiIJ QPfhb6lu5J [h ®{!5J ~@(!!JU u f!JJ ~GlJ 9)J. QJG6>GlT fbc%.fP et rn ua {h QjLG)a:rrtD Qurr®6lr. 3. (:!!jw{l51w~. (fj;J6lJfT.J.

@j<§~6iT = ®!D6TT~T (tSlriiJ.).

®<f9UJ = @j<iiM!Ifll_D~, ®~i1u G)[,JLt.q- = UlJ!)JQuL-lJ1-. ®c§~8; c!Tn_mL = fi'lJJ)J80.~L (W.). C!!>~8"r - G,)8jrTc§& - G8if1f9c!FW = tiJp5]~. "Q8irT®J[h1h® ~6VLI!h ~!B./!Jl" (i)®UL/. 609).

LD. Q8ifT@<!TW, G,)~. Qairr<9Qa:(!JJ! &. Q8ifT~cr! !fjl. Q8ifT{6~'7. G)a;rr«t!>r!F~ = 46U6lJ6t1 (~[bu~). "'fiitlr,§<!Jv;ir Ga;fT~~m" (ilC!!Ju4· 609). G srt # aT = ~ {l51 :ff;l, !iJ {l51 UJ.

Q s.tt CIT = u5J c!he ~ tDJ,UJ fT6lIrtm s: Q8)fT a; - (;}8)fT a; ®. "GL!hIT Of f), .... 6TtiJi)LW" (8lrrm8imr. 40 : 17).

Qs,1T c!Tr® .. (8){T .fbJ®. "G;}<!h1T ffJl8l{D1T eli Cf,~~ aG5TrrcofiTl5)a;6lr~' (C:~QJrr. 381: 9).

LD. Qc!J,fT .ffV®.

@j6Tr - ®m, .. @)~ 6lJ = 1. (r!!jff)J Ji,{hLq_. "8J(!!JW4 ®mfJ 60 IT usn riiI a;rii6f] lLJ $J IT J,®w " (8J ffiJ@jJ!)J. 87). 2. u m {lJ UJ llI-8;® ffiJ (~yj: en. "®mfJ 6iJ u tt tiJ (yJf]§iJra;1'7ffiJ® w@ro6I" (LJ[!Jw. 143).

®tjjfi6l- 8i{lib6J = UlJ!)J8>fTtU 6l.lrrmljJ. QWfT{6;1>W Q1rrmtp9>@j fiTi)lJfTfiiM t!». "Q !bL_Lq_.r;ilf)~U 6l)U riiJ 8){lj6'6l" (j) ®&aifT 61T~. 4. ~rr (!!j<T>fT. 15).

@j(!!jQ)} = 1. ~.!J)J upJfii6)QJ QJGlf)8i. "®®66J C:S'rTQJ6'4)f}" (flQJ8i. 2237). 2. @jm-[61wmfJ. (W6lS>6lJ.).

®®GUJ &<fJjGT6r = 1. §:} jJ)J 8iYilfrr. 2. U1 J!)J §Jrnw. (!!J(!!)Q)/ ii:9J67f)fi() = UJ.1!)l ~f$lf)~. ~®65JdJ a{fJffiJ8irrtil = ~J!)J arfJrID81rrtiJ.

@jQr - ®61rWW = 1. ®L6IDL. 2. ®!D6fr.

•• ••• ••

@jfiifTGTr6lJ = ®"" GYT UJ. @jti'lT6mtOfT = @jG1TtJTLD.

®lOinotT~ = 1. ®LmLUJ~. 2. ®{lJwrOir.

LD _ @j6TnOlT ~. ®6i"r lOfT - QJ. @joUQ) (kh) - @jib6lJ8i, @56'i>6V - 0inJI-u6i>6U

•

8af/1-O GlJ6V8i.

® Gir m IQYT - r!Tn_ my> = 1. ®L6l> L, (!!JL a, L. UJ tt fOlfT.:!Jl. " !fJ tr iii an_ m!p GlIfTGlJrrtD ®~Y;>8;5JGirr!D~ C:UfTfiO" (iJlOiJ. iJ®QIfTiU. 9 : 4 : 3). 2. LDi)c4 ®61fl!DGlJ . "8JL6t»y;> WIT t6{Dfr ~® QdT6lJr9ii)" (C::![JQJ IT. 462 : 9). 3. 8nJ;;5) YJdJ G,)~rr61>L. "FFp5J~ an_my/' (a;rrrftm8i. IL!f).IU. 19). 4. ®w,,"u UfTwLJ.

Qflj. sce«, &. an_Qy>, uutn' j" tfkGTT (kh).

~6lJ. urr. 5 - 4

90

@)6ir - @jGlT('!5 - @jL@) - (!!!J&«!!,. ®8;@j~6U = ~L_W6?f)Ua; «!JjJ)lcT,u;) GlD6lI~~GU. 9.G!9fT : G;)6lJG1r@j - QQJL(tJ, BrGir - ar~@j - &L(f!J ~&®. @5&@j - @jc$ a; Q> = g} jJ)J {f> (nil QJ m.$. "®t!i; 8i ~'H,U U t.5J liI-i> 4U [!j n 6'51 ciJ an_m, l1I-~ 6lJrnLiJ.:!J 6ff)QJiitlP" (6'5!. 51 WJ·

Q{h. ®JJ8J, QI. ®8;8lt;J.

, @jJ)8)6U - ®8Jq;~ = ~.!J)l{I>fTtiJ QJ6lf)<Ji (WQJrr.).

@j8;Q;rT = flj(niJ<::ufT fi6/y5Jwa~rTrt. "®L1J-~wu5J{b a;mLrnLDU ULL @j,9;a;rf16iJ" (iJGiJ. i) (!!JWfT 6lJl6lJ. 39).

®Lt_W = 1. ®J!)J6lflLD. 2. G,)~liJlLJGlTl!f-c!i; @.f!)J~LlJ. "®LLQJJW C:!D'7~8i GlaJfT iJ{D~ GQJWU" (G'/{DfT'IiJ. G<!FUJ. 114).

@jL__Lrr~ = 1. !FIjJ)J ULULJ. 2. U/!DJUJ ~6lf)Q)uQUL._llJ-. @jLLrr6irr 8)L_@~6iJ = U {lJ6ID6lJ Q 8lrT i>~rr ~u LSJ-lLfw d)J~ru ChUJ-Ul tt f!i U L!1-JLJ W c!hrr til a;6lfl W W /!J/ e!:PU/- a;L@{D6lJ.

@jLLrrW - Qa;rr LL_rrtiiM = !iJ J!)J [!jfT IT u Q U LIJI- ~ruQ).:!J ~6"f)ru U G>ULIJI-.

Q Ch(f LLfT W + 8)fT tiJ + UlbiJ = Q Cf,fT LLfT ffiJ a;(T ILUF!iJ, Q <J)rT LLrr rit CIlJ:!iJ. Q8)rrL_Lrr~ QULiJI- aurr~{D a~riuChrrtiJ rgyL_@~ fbJ6Wr@.

®LliI- = !iJ{1fIUJ/flI. ®LU/-8;8)Q)8)W, ®L4-8;~~r!iJ@, ®Ll1f-8: CFrTfh1hw, ®L 111-5 ar 6lJ rt, ® LU/-iJ i) (!!)6lJ tr Cf Qj tb, @jLl4-iJ Q 10fT 6iJ CIi IT LlL51 f1J W" ®LI1I-U U ru, ®LLSJ-LD~ uno, ®LliI-UJ tt 6liM LQ1 ~, @jLLq-66J'7ru, ®L_I1J-~ G) {DtU6lJ Lb (!F rr t..6J) et 6isT uw UJ .!J)JmLD ®{l51 rj}{Dfii5T.

@jL@ - @L6?f)L = 1. @jJJ)1~UJ !L(!!jQJw. 2. ®L__(JL.!J)J (til{lflUJ 8ifTrnw). "@jLaL{iJmtva; c: a;rr QJ rt ~$VW6'ID6lT c$ a;~ is: a t;T" (i) roil. !D(Tlll #. 14 : 2).3. U/!f)J ~~. bT-@ : ~rnruci;®L._6mL, 6'IDClia,®LrnL. Q~. ®LL (gudda). 4. iJ.f!)J(!!J6lTw. S. @jLmL LDCTW (G'J1fjfT@w(JwJ. 6. ®.Jl)J~. (Q$VfTGU. Gl~rTQ). 400 ILmfJ).

®L6"r)L - 8)L6'IDL = 1. lLlU(TJi @jfi"6>fDGl/. 6T-@ : ~G1r r!J)LmL, 8iL_(ii~LLD6lfM. 2. dJ.I8ifjlJ8; @j6'ID[D@j. 6T -@ : ~ Cf,0lJe#, aiL_~L_. 3. IE 61T r!i; @jfi"6>{DGlJ· 6T-(j;) : Cf,L~L65I'76iJ, a;L~LiJ !tU67JlLUUW, /tUrnLuur!ii ,g)L~L. 4. wi)U48; ®6m{DGl/. bT-(j;) : r;;6}m6lJ&8jLrnL, r!1iLrnLU Qurrm. WrT{b.[f)JB; a;L_mL. S. ,&6"6)58; (;!j~{!J6lJ. 61-@ .. a;LmL8> @j(JeiiiJ (~rTrffJt.h). 6. ~®6lJrna; ~~CFJ; @}{bfDLD.

l666fJu@ t$L. 6JJL QUJLlq.. 6ir w@JluSlJb p}/t$(!JJw Qunww/T

611J6lIfJ6IJUJu5JbiJ &fT ~6TJIO<!i lbG6WrLffffiJ &J@t6Ib6JJff 6lf)lli~~1T tfl6iJ6TJQ) (~®6lJfJQ). 57 : 26)

7. i)[OJ",®m{D6lj. 61-@ : BiLmLw$J (Lf~i1).

~ ~ m eYHilJ /J rn {lJ dPI J6l UJ IT f!J I LfJ fJ J; r$ L.__ rn L I 6'51 to@j 8> a; L_ 6ID L, Q!F U Lf e;C1i L._mL (!/J$V6l51 UJQJ {bp5J6irr ~l..fJ-uu ~(ilf)~a-, @jpSJJ;®w t$LmL.

.

U IT f@JIT6OnTfT

91

Q UJ Gin WI ill Q r!F tt 6iJ G G1J tr @ ~ ~romrr ;'h gu GlT 61T j!)I , Q 5 6M 61J) 6W U U 6lJ8j6m 6Vcii 8i!J)Cf) ~ uS) tPc!)I!hr;J (yJrjjm .

®® - ®JJ)J = 1. ~.!J)J. 2. ®.!J)J8iJUJ. LD. ®.f!)J.

@j.!J)J - @!b{l5l = @ ~ @j98T. ®tbtDl - ®# m - ®# 8i. ®.!J)J + ~6i> = ®{b{l5J6iJ - ®#&'J6iJ. ~.G{Drr:

(yJ{Dw + ~biJ = (YJ{bp5J~ - QP<!F~6U.

@jet iiJbiJ - ®# 8i. ®# c!Jj.r;;{j (£J = 51 J!)J 8n.6mt;r v;3 (J;I.

®.[f)J - rt!JtD ff)J - ®tbpJw = 0!j~!D6lJ 1 ~QJ jJ)J. @j.fl)J - @jGrnfD - ®~ {DG'lJ, ®6lf> {lJcF a: 6iJ.

®.f!)J (9)W - ®.!J)J LDrT ~ = fiJ.!J)J 6l1Qr. ®.!J)J c§!iJ rfI U LJ - @Jc§&:1rfJu4· ®.f!)l - @j{D61r. 1. ®.!J)J6rilw. ''(~rom-mLJ; ({9!DL k::LfhW" (G{h6llfT. 944: 1).

2. @j{lJL__g~tiJ. (UlffiJ). 3. f.Fl}"l1I- lLUJr;T(!jJ6lrW @)<Olrww. "C:{hrn'7 [DLLl u ~a u rr {iJ ®!D ~ " (fl QJ !h. 631). 4. fj) .!J)l {i6) LD. "QJ if UJ fiifiT «!J{!J 6TT Q)] !p ct Qa:rrroirr{l5J" (Qu®wurr~. 193). 5. ~®urt G8ifTmrL @j{DGfTl1I-. 6. Fr-f7li1- Q8)fTrom-L ®flJG1rQQJ6WUfT. 7. ®fD6Tr G:16lJmrufTQJfTGlJrTm iJ(!!j8; @j{D61r. ":?Lroua;ffiJ Qa;rr6lT6YT Gh.Drry5J~{hfTrt ®fD6iT" (iJ®6lJm~GlJ. 33) .

•

Ln. @JfD6YT.

@j!Dro1r - ®flJ 6lf} = 1. ®{lfI UJcOlIGlr. "f}(!!j Q >lifT y5J 6iJ Q r!F tUlLJ ffiJ ®[DGYfJ QJ d>j~/' (~QJt$. 1653, ~6tf)IJ)· 2. ~[l5J1LI @j!DGtf!u (]UtU. "(O)JrruSJr;;6JI4-Q,@j~ ®flJ GTfJUJwGw" (®{bfDrT. ®!D. 71). 3. ®{DGYfJ (]QJUJ-8Jfi)Cf)8i. 4. a:,[buy5J{A{hQJ6Yr (~Lrr.).

®!DGTr - ®!Df06)GTr = 1. @jWfiiffW. (w). 2. ~.f!)JQc!FfT~J C:8ifTL.G1c!FfTGlJ. "Q U fT tiJGUl (:!!j{lJ rnG'fT a;@c§Qa:rrGlJ U UJ6lff)6iJ QCT rrruGGU61fT" (wromJ. 30: 68). 3. QJ J!)J eeu». "®{D~6TT tLfGYr {ljLU ar 6lJ c: ~fT ~ .!l)J tl/' (j;J rfJ a;(j)L 37.). 4. uy5JctQtfFrr6b.

Ln. ®{DGYT.

®!J)J - @jtDJru = ~{iJ.!J)Ju5JQI;J@~~.

®!!)J romJ = U {lj8i~~ ill ®rn fDth rffi c!p8)iJ~fiUWJfT 6lJ.

®!f)Jw4 = t. U7gp ~~8;®. 6T-@ : Lfm8iu5JGmQ)8; ®.f!)JWL/. 2. §:J.f!)J LDOUlGU. 3. 51.f!)J LDmru UJ I;J 6'thfT. "®J!)J WU6U ®.!!)J wt5} tD!D ~ wu mQJ ~" (4pJw. 177). 4. LD~QJUJIJ~~GirGYT ®J!)J£El6lJ LD~wfr. ''cE9.!J)JwumLth~ QJ(J~" (4!DW. 97). 5. <]Q1Jh~®a,®u um8iQlf7fTfiM @jjJ)JWUr;rtfFrT. "C:QJ t6~~fiUc9;®W Qa;fTGlJ ®.!J)J wLjw ~6iJOV.ffJJ [Drr@" (i) (!99>®!DGlT. 7 3S). 6. @j.[!)J WU IJ !F rfI W 6lJ6l5Imw I G)Jr06/6m us. '\~I t;J6lf Ji ®Jl)J thQ u p51 {6~ fiJ J!)J c!liL_~rtm6lJ" 7. (!!jJ!)J WU (J t!F tt au trtr. 8. ®.f!)J WUIJ a: rfJ ~ ®.!J)J wLf {iJ {ljm" Lb, g,UJ Q)J tQlf) W UJ rr L@. 9. rt!JJ!)J WU IJ CT tt ~ ~ L U tt rom GlJ !EJ 6l) th /!JlTrT. 10. UfT~6l) tEJGU LDrr{h{ljrt. 11. @.f!)JWUrT 6rm-~w QJ(!!juurrrr. 6T-@ : 8)fTL@di (;!)JJ)Jt.D4' tDfTL(J1c9i ®.!J)Jw·LJ·

92

•• •

®jJ)1 - (t!j.!f)J «[;. ({!j.!f)J (:!j~6lJ - @jLJii"(i)LUJrr{lj6V.

Ln. ®.!J)J@j, Qfh· ®®8:!F.

(!!J.!J)J® - «!JjJ)J8J0!j = 1. ®.J!)Jrnw. "JEw;fuL_ Q!D@GIDLDlLILb ~8iG1Ja-, (!!JJJ)JJi@jtfu ChfTLL_(T" ({!JrrtLf· ~#iWU17· 73).2. tBrDIT{hi)!iJ® bTiJ!!Jrr~ ~ a; 6l.JLfl . 3 . ®.!J)J 8; a; ett fiil/ . " Q {Jj @ <rn wILl ffiJ @j.!J)l 9> «!!j .IWT Ii> Q!D L._ LriiJ «!j6UW" (a;rr 51 Ch~. !iJ GlJ. -::!)I 8). 17). 4. (yJ ffJ ~fiiM @J.!!)J8;09· ®J!)J 8i (!!ju UI ~ di §;J Ji Q Ch tr ~ L /!U " JffJ uSJ fJ (!j> Ui- UJ GUI GiJ m su (!fL.6lJ .). 5. !f!&1! ® I @~L. rnrr6irr C:U&t.haurr /!U ®J!)Jdi(]a; fYw J!)J Lb Q CF rr6iJrurrG{lj. ( ~.QJ.). 6. LDfT.!J)J, 6T$JrrUL[ dPlQJ~ ~{h{iJ®r!iJ @jjJ)JOiairra;u (gU8iQJfTW (tL.QJ.). ®.!J)JQ;® - @J.!J)J8;8)W = 1. ®J!)J~LD. "81 ~61T a; @!>jJ)J8;c!liW" (JDViM. 99). 2. 4 (yJ{h6lJ 7 Qc!FliJ (~8;a;Tr) Qlfiim(T Q6)JQjaQJp51L~@GiJ QQJ6iJa~J!)J

6lJ~8iUJ tr C1) fill fPffil ®w tfJ6U dPJGlT 6lJ .

(!!JJJ)J6ID6lJ - ®!J)JUJUJ a;fT6lJiii)6iJ G11l~G1T'4w Q~6iJ. (!!JJJ)J wru = Q U tt lJI- (t5J ffiJ.J.

• • •

@j6U - @j6lST - @6lJT!f)J.

®~ jJ)J~6iJ = 1. @j6"lJ)JD~6V. 2. &([9ffi1@j{lj6lJ. 3. {hWtT ~6iJ. 4. tffi~6l)Qa;@{h6i>.

(§ 6irtfJ aT 61J65flUff@ffu (§ 66r[f)J6lJtT (@)!DQr. 965).

@)~.!J)J = ~.!f)J LD67fl6lJ. @jGir.f!)J - @tii&TfDw = Q U (!!JffiJ @j~.!J)J. us. @)~W1 ®6kTrnw. GfIj., 8i .. G)a;rrmrL. ®~tDJ = filpSlUl @j~p5)w~. "®~.!J)JQJ @j6irr{l5J UJ6'(f)WUJ Q!Fu1Jw" (@j{D6lr. 965). LD. @)r;;ir~.

• • • • • • • • •

@j1OlJT - ®tWWJ. ®w~tliru = @jc9i@jtliGU, i!LLl.D4 CJT([!jffiJ®~ru.

@jro - ®WWrT. ®~QTrr fhthvitJ = ~L_wLJ ®6TfI(Jrr6iJ ~@ffiJ®{hv;U. "®WffifT cia; Q6lJ~urr(!!J (!jJwrt" (Q{D@{h6iJ. 9, ~mfJ).

®~ - ®riilsT 00 = UJ pSI UJ ~, !PI~ r;;ffi}UJ §JJ. ((lGlJ .t!1i.)

@6b2 (6lJ6lD6fJp>,ID l6@9;(f)I C86lJrT) ~tq.M®$i;faI (QJA)6TT ~Q»)

QJ~<iifT tjj{b 8) ([9~ ~, @UJiDiT(!pmfDu5J 6V eu see« Glf, or (!!JLUJ, QJ L._ LW" QJ~rDffUJLb, ~®~6mL_, /L(!5mrofT (y){h661UJ U~48; 8)®/>,gpa;a;6mr;;rr ILl tb; G) <!F UJ 60T (yJ61S> {lJu5I ~ QJ 6m 6fT ~GiJ" <IF C!56lr ~ Q), ~ rf) {lj sb, @Jy;tjjru, 8r {iJ.!J)J {hGU, aT y;> ~ rpj6lJ , .2...(f5@!JpjGU (yJ{h66J UJ 6'516m roM' 8; 8)®~!!JI r9;a;m 6YT UJ W {h@6'lJLb.

6lJ m '"" Glf 6T ~ W1 W u <OiM UJ m Q u UJ ® Lb, 6'lJ 6lOW ;2i 6'iJ 6T ~ W W 65J6lJ)ffiu1Jroirr Q uUJ(f!jw, dPI uu~~u'4Lb ro6JmcmfiIDUJUjffiJ Q8)rrd5rL G)urr(!!j6Tr8imw ~®QUUJ'JIT(Jjq, @pSl8i@jW.

~6il (6lJ6O)61T~(j) •.. )

.

UITGlHT Qm"rr

93

a s: tt ~ 6iJ , <iF tr tiJ ~ru 67 6M u m- QJ ~ GTT {!J 66J ~ C!:P fA iJ UJ t1fJ m 6l) <9>6lT fT ~ 6'6J 6M, dPI G6lGlJILf th .st {hf@lrirT .dJI LffiJ@jW.

®6iJ - @jG1J6lj. ®6U6lJ fhGb = 1. QJ6IDGlT {!j6U. "@j6U6lJcf5Jm6"5TU Jd,8> Q r!hrr til /!Jl" (LJ {D [!jrr. 11 : 4). 2. g}_6U rr 6lJ {h6lJ. "et LD{hGM ~ wrn UJ tEl ~')(iitfT ;!h a {!J ®fiVro6I67fTa~rr" (UlQJI}5>. 611Js:rnUJ.14). L. Curvus, E. Curve.

(:!J6Vrr6lJfh~ = @J(QIDw{hru. "®6l)rrQJ~diJ@j ~6lJ" (uim'i. G£l. 22).

@j6V - ®~{h{hw = QJ<rn6TTtB{h CfjrrUJG1r~ Qairrw. QI, ®~~tjj (guluttha). @j~ci;m8i = ~®mr® $~L ®i)rt. ®~J;mc!J) - (:!!j~umu.

@jGlJ - @jG1r - ® G1T Lb = 7. QJ 6lf)GlT {.6 {lj G) ~ {b p5J. "iJ @4 ® 6TT (yJ ~i~)(i;rr ~ rflJ CfjL_L_rrLD~I7" (aiGU6lJfT. 37 : 9). 2. QQJGlJ6lJfilJ®6iM6lf)L. «(!!!jL_fTJ. QI. @j'-lJ (U(JLUJ). @j6YTW .. ('!5GYTaiW = QQJ6lJ6U6l/C!!Jmr61OL.

®~UJLb = 1. ~C!!>m-r~L. (dPlaJ.J61.J. 2. (uut ~jjJml}) LD(!!J[iJ/P (t5JffiJ.J.

@j~6"6>a; = LDrr~i)(ij())fJ UJ®rom-6"6>L. QI. ®61flaifT (gulika).

@j6lf}UJw - @jySJUJw = 7. @)61>GlT ~liI-. 2. LD6"m6lf®~mL.

(g]6l)u. 14 : 177. ~®w.J. iJfJLUJ. (i1filJrr.J

L. globus, glomus. E. globe.

@jY'§J)J{hQ) = c!Ji®~{h6iJ. "8i~L®!:'pr;;M!D c!liC!9riu®y;>4JJ8irirT'" (g6lJ8i. 764). @jy>6iJ = wuilfr r9>®!:.P{b@. "@jy>~mL_cF 8?JCfjySl6lf)8i~' (€IQJr!J). 1092). LD.

®y>6iJ.

®m - (@jtll) - @jUJw = 6lJ61f)GTT ~{h dPI rf/Q) tt 6fT. "(;1 aJfT@6lJfTtiuii(r!!jUJii.:!J/' (!iJ61JLJ. 10 : 30).

®6i> - (@jrT) - @j(JffiJ(!!j. @jfJ riiJ ®~fiu = 6)J 6"IDGTT {hfiu. "@6:tOruuG)ufTySJv;b ®(JffiJ~m" (fJ6lJ~. 657). ®fJ riiJ@j = QJS!f)GT{ 6lJ. "®fJ ffilc!J)61f)LDUJ@iJ{h LD(J wut6l GlJ(j)JJ:,9,~:~/' (gjruLJ. 10 : 157). 2. Q81fT r!i;~. OE. crane, crinc,E. crank.

®fJrn6lJ = (i))JLLLDfT 9, rff/w.!J)l UrrlJJ-lurr(£1ffiJ r!Tn._~t!P.

Gk. koros (orig. a dance in a ring). L. chorus, E. chorus, choir, quirs.

®@@9{h6U = 8i®~~GU. "®(!!j~L 6lJrrtT®!J>6lJ" (W®Q)J67f)S:· iJ(!!jQJrr6l5!. 1: 3). ®(l!J6lT = 1. LDu5Ifr #&(!!J6lr. 2. Qumrrt.q-.rr ~OIDQ)LDu5lfr (is} rill.). fill. @)@6lJ.

LG. Do. O. Fris. krul, G. krol, crol, crul, E. curi.

@j(I!J® = 1. 6lJ 61» 6lT UJ ru. " 6m 8)® ruJ LiJ liI- ~:ffJJ c$ ® ® 8) ~ Q a: {!51 ~ ~ " (a>6UQ)fT. 44 : 22). 2. GlJ~61T[t,ffJ o;(!:P~!!Jr;JrrrQfT ,JErruupJ6llfiilJuG)UfT./!)J. 3. [DfT6t5lfJ· "6lJrrWurnflJ8; ®C!!J5J~ Q!b@QlrflQurr{bu" (u@tiJJ!)Ju. 83:2). 4. ~iJLDW (~~ViMLiJ). "t8QfJrrySJUJu UfTiJ)./riihT ®®iJ{b Q{Drf)tht~/' ( {DfT G1JLq-. 135).

®r;r aJw = cClr~fTY> utDa>6lJU QUff ftJ· AF., OF., grue (crane) OHG", OS. krano, OE. cran, E.crane.

94

®fJr5J(c!j - ®{DriiJ@j = GJ8irT J>6:l. ®!Driv(!!j - 8i[lJffil@j. ${Drfua;6U = 1. t@j6lf)61T ~lJ:I(~a;. tffi.J. 2. aTy>{b&7 (i5!rfu.). Bif!JffiJ(t!J{!J6U = 7. ®!p{!J6U. ·'91flJtiv$lC!!J6Yr wfT~61Jc9;®Lh" (i)®filJ6Tr. 34). 2. ary!~{lj6iJ. "t.uout) iJi!ll· .... 8ifDffilg,UJ UL!#-UJ" a;fi,{lJ4' ~®(98)!Ju. 28). LD. C1i{!Jr5JffiJ·

8l{Drfu@j = a;rr{iJ{DfTli/-. "a;rr~(!jJ8iaLDdJ[D··,,· r!h{lJrAl@jW" (a;G1J6VrT. en tOW U ~l) . 8i (lJ ffi.t a C1i tt tim 6lJ = fP 6l5> ru 8i s: IT tb fDI[ L.SJ- . "c9i!D ffiJ cg 8) tt 6ID GlJ Qa;fTG7rrotfl 6l/LLW" (i)(!!JLD{6. 2373).

ON. hringr; OUG., OS., OE. hring, E. ring.

@irT - ®.!J)J - «!){!J6Tr - @j{D6i5T@. ®flJ~@~ru = 1. QJ~fiifT ;9J6V. 2. <11(!!Jmr(f;J (8)rrGtr~~~. ®!D~LfliJ = an.61J16lJ.

®!D@ = 6lI6m61T [h{!J U {b jJ)J ci; 8iC!!Jml, ®fD@(] u rr {iJ u rb.fIJJ W f[j ~@. (;) {h. Q a;rTl7 (f)i.

@j{lJ{prjJGv = ®~{lJGiJ. "~tiilJ65Trrriilaa; UfTfJrT cii ®flJYJrr" (a;6151-$. 6S : 10). (9)J - Eil!)J - ~.f!)Ja;® = {li6m~q8idJJJ)JJ (]8ifTLll/- (611Uj,WUJW) 8iJjJ)J8>8iW = UJiJthfOiT. G,){h. 8iJ®8i®.

8iJ .!J)J ~ g)J iJ {liGU = aT tb.!J)J fljroV. ~1Q7$)6lJ# 9i !Dfl)W WUJ 9J8)wrr ~6V. Q {D. &:t (J iiJ fJ (giragira). fiI.!J)lliJ.!J)JQJrr~W = .g;fT{iJflJfTllJ- GUfT{b ar[iJ.f!)Jw QUfT{!5J

•

QJ fT 'iim'" W.

G k. guros, E. gyrate.

@jGU - @)6M - ®~. ®~{!j6iJ = 1. 6}J6ID61T~ru. "®G?J]@JWrT 816IDrov" (g@)8i. 486). 2. ~LwLf 6)J6mGlT ~GiJ. 3. 6lJ6Wr5J®tDfoiJ (@Lrr.).

@j~~~GiJ = 6lJrn6Tf~;fJQJ. ''(~v:xsf}~$h 4®tOlJ(yJW" (a;2jCOlJfT. 11 : 4). LD. ®61Jf}. &. 8jrnJ.

@}WJ®#Jw = ~rfJ8;®wGurr ~ (!P!!Jl«!5 QJ615l6'IT#)6lJ. QfD~ ®ffiJ®.

@jGlr - @j~@ = 2L(!!j~t5lf)l_, f!L(!!;vdrTmLUJ rrrn- w6mffl, 2L®~~L ILJrr<05T Q6lJLg-a;®roSJ (shot, bul1et).

G;}fli. ®mrL, &., uut tr, (WfTrrLul·J ®rom-L (gunda), «!>coW(g§J. (c!!j<iilf6T(£uta: tocut I @6lflg@ w6i>6&ma; ~fiiirr U6lJ{b[l5lru ®mr@ GTbMW1§ Q a: rrru lL®L!iJ u [bpSt UJ.:fPI. :!L(!!J L._iil J; C!f{!!J::b~ ill @f7 L8:i5, aJ®~~ {fJ#J G1hfT{bWroE'l8iQ!!jWfTflJrurrbV, @~@, ®~L6irrJ ®6i5rmL, ®~Lrr{iJ ~ U/-J @j ~ LliI- UJ ~ I ® ~ (J;J 8; a; @6mfh et ~ U 6lJ tb m!D QJ ([W) tiiff 61j c!i, 8i®/J~ aQJ '7l11-u t..5l {lJ~~67JT 6lJ IT r!n6l/ W Q 81fT W 6Tf [iJ L(!.p6m{jiL

••• • • •• •

®6m Lrrrn = ZL(!!J~Lfiilll1J-6lJITm seou: ®GCRfT L_rr~ c!.TLllJ- 6T~ U/!Jl

QJy;>Ji@j. ®mrLfTW - ®romLJT. WIJ"T~ ®~LfT (g).

~C!!JQJ~ &(!!jmr@ !i) L8i@) L.iJ @~)(iV ®dru L8>8i l.D~ L8;enW fOTGifT !f)J W, ~®QJ fiiff>65T ~ rJlj~fiVlLJ ffiJ(Jj tt ~ c9 GCF IT ~/lU # 8T(!!JLL9-8J alL@Lb QJ6m8> [f!jmr(j)J ®L(j)J#' a;L(EJ 6T W $)I ib, Qa:rr6iJ6lJuu@Lb.

.

u rr6tHTGmIT

95

@jrom-@ - ®~L_GlJW == 7. GllLLW. 2. 8i6Mm-Lb. 3. 6)JLL_WrTgr BirTUJLb (~8>rrUJLb). 4. GlI~6TT{5~ 8irr:fh~' QJ. ®~L_61J.

®~·Liii6I = 1. ry.>GlJ £61rnGlJ8ia>61T (~{hrrfJ) ruL...LW. (rtflwrn6lJ. ®flJrOtr rf;J 6ID <aT U L/.ff)l. 2) . 2. fbJT ILl 6lJ Q) rn 8i dJ a ~ rr [b .!J)J ro5J 8; ® Lb e!P fit) LD rr rn UJ (gj/flurr.(J. 2 : 2, uJ-,. 733).

@j~Lr06J (IbfTUJLDfT~UJ) - QI. ®GWrL~~.

®~Lq- == 1. 1L®~@ iJf7~.L LJLL_W. 2. ~~l1J- (]UrT6M{D ~liI-uua;8iw. Ln. ®~Tl4-' 8i. ®~G1L, Q~. @jLQL_.

@6W@ - $~® = .!$T{bu~f!JI. a;6fu@ - 8>61WL_$W = GllLL_LDrr~

• •

LlJ (J Ch Ch rr 6lJ .

a; ~ ® - (F, 6iM lJI- = QJ L_ L_ LJ) tr aT tfft ® 8) 6l) L.b ,f 'fft ® (YJ a; i3 {lj ~GTf GlJ / ~@!&J6?))flJ· to. 8)~lSI-,f Q~., §JJ. c!l)mrl1l- (kh), uutrr. 8)~l1I-ru (kh).

a;r;;Hflll- - a;tiilWLlI-JiirJ)dJi = 1. a{hrrL8iL_8)W (@!JLrr.). 2. ~® GlJfffi8iU U6"l)){D ( OJ ffiJ .).

aim,- lSJ-firi)c$ - 8i'4-6?)) 8j = 1. {fJrr ySl~t:9i QJ Ll1I-6U. 2. fbrr ySlfiirJlCJi (2 4 f;I~LDILJ c: fhlJ Lb) (ifJ QJ tt.). 3. a {Df7 Lb. 4. 9 LffiJ (!!y!J)L® wffiJ 81ru (] {fJ(J riil ®P5J U Ufill G1rr . "r!JidMGm~ rTGIJ rr@ r!hl1J-6"l))8iUJ W QJ®Qa>(ffi" (€lQJt!J). 2362). 5. C:{hrTLa;LBiw. "BiUf-ma>6lJfT(QfffT/T u5J~ffi" (fl6lJ8i. 2808). 8il4-~a; QI. 8iLl11-!hrT (ghattika).

~Qj rDl1L G'Ja=fT{b® [6rrySl6ln8iu G1UfTC!9atDfTUJ~t6J8; 8iL8)U QUfT@ GYf} 6iJ rnGU.

• • •

8il4-m8i + ~fJ l.D == 8)'-9- m 8iUJ fT IJ UJ - 8)L~.J:!hrr IJ LD.

t§>.(]{9fT : GllL_@ -- 6l)LL_fTr;rW, Q8ifTL@ - Q8irTLLfTr;rW.

•• •••

®6YTLD - @j~LD - @)6m"@j. @j6m"@j~~ == 6lJfQrJ)W~uv. @j6lflJT<9,;@j -

(jJ)J £~)(o...". 6lJ . '[!j tt tiJ 6lI IT 6"rj) fiU 8; ® I4nT cT, G;) ai@cT,CJi6l) tr LD fT ? ' 6T GifT u ~ ~ GU CJi

• •• • •

6lI fP8i@j. ®~ 8)(r!!jfh6lJ = GlJb6)GYr 1D~6lJ.

@jmT61Jlru = flirr <Om" ~{ljfT6iJ ~LQ> 6lIfQrJ)6f( ~8). "r!Tn.# CF (!PLDfTtiJct 9 {bG £D ®tii5rJ1~6lJUJLDrTlU" (uGm651@ 310).

• ••• ••

@j~@j - ®~®. @)~(~~GlJ = QJ6IDm ~6lJ. ®~a;®fh61J = QJfffiGlT {!jf!j6lJ.

® ~ 8;@j = ~ W LJ) a; rotf] rt 8) IT iJ Vjl) ~ UJ W 8) fiiM ~ {lj Ff UJ ~ 6iJ 6l) .f!J Ul i>'fh m 6lT COll~61T UJ W.

®~W - ®LLb = l. 1IL(!!jfiiWL 6lIl11-6lIfT6aT £EfT 8;c$Vjl)W (OJffiJ.). 2. @jL_8; CFn._~/[lI. "@~6l) W61T[6a;!lirr ~rTl.!J-UJ ®L(!pW" (§]6l)u. 6 : 55). 3. ®L~ BTL(£;! 6T~~W ~6lJ ((:!!jLfT.). 4. @jLbuG6lJfT~r;r (uwaf!®UfT. 163). 5. m....(f!j6lRrr@ i)fJ~L_ 6lJ61hrnJ"j-cT, ®LW (hule). 6. @jLtJjrrut- ~6ir~Lb /PfT~JI)JuLf. 7. iJfJL!il

96

• • •• •

@j/iim"ffi/® - @jLffil@j. @jLffil«!jtjlJQJ = Gl)(i{f)61T fh6V.

®LffiJ® - @jLr5J8irT = 1. ®LW. "®LffilChfr Qt!f,rT(ifflrt[i>~LfT" (CJ){h~4. (]~6lI~rfJ. 24). 2. «!>Lq_Jo'alCF. "(E!jLffiJai([!jL'_UfTw(]urr(JjJ L~mfD~ ~tbJJ)./' (®{DGYr. 890). 3. @jwu(]QJfT6"6>(J (~l_rr.).

®L!I- ~Cf «r GisTW L.b Q u tt (!5ro'l6lJ, @jLffil8>rT et ~ W1r8 G) Cf tt rum~J; ®L..Lr!iUJj9j (kutangaka) et rn jf)J $I rfI u u rt 611 LGJWfT !fJJUJfTGTT IT. ~L_@8; ® ~ 6iJ c: u tt GisT !D ~ ~ fJ I1J (!!j 67irr 6"6> L 611 L!J- QI tt m ® L!J- m Cf a; G1f} ro @j@6l1@W uw pSJUlfT LlJ-cn@!Jw C:urrro-{D ~[DfT 8irf7a; tort !Bthrt ~6M jf)J Lb 6lI j;J {h.{!U 6lJ@j~6U Birr ~ CIi.

®LW - ®L = 6lJ~6'fT!hff!j (iJ (!!)CYJ ([9. 229 :lLmr;).

• •

@jL - @L6lJ = Q/'ilJ)6'fT 6lJ. ®'--6lf ~fiO = 6lJ6"ID6lT QJfT thfiO.

®L<06Ju5J@~6iJ = 6lI6"ID6lT~.tbl cMa;uu@~,gp{!j6iJ. "®L_~u51(J» LDrflalQJ uur Cli61r" (f;J (!!ju '-/. 514).

@)mTc9i@ - ®LciI@j - @jL8;a;LiJ = (Q}J6rJ)GTT6lJ. (:!JLci;«!j - @!jLci;!iJ = QJ6~')(;;rrGlJ tt m ffJI.

@6b1JT@j - @jL® - @jLCliW - 8)L_a;w = 1. fOllLLW 05JriilJ 2. 6lJLLLDrrW (]8iLaJW (@QJrT.). 3. (gfhrrGtrQl~H;". "aJLt!J)~ Q<!Fp51~~ mai61f>UJ" (LD~. 6 : 114). 4. Qu®6llJI)~W aTL(EJro6IlJiWW Gl}6'5)(QfTIhffJ} Ql6tf)6lTUJW au tt Q> ~arC: {DrrGJ i..n w.!J)J tJ_5J It 8ifiiJQI, LD{iJJO e!jJrn.ff)J ro6J IJ v;iJ8i@!JLD $Ju5Jfr~~ JElIb®w ~mtOmUJrr6llJmfiitf5T J;~8i. (5}Vj))u. 3 : 18, [L(jilf)fJ). S. um6MU1e;~UJfT6iJ (!p61f>LUJUULL QjLLLDrrm Qu®w QULL9-. (4!D!lJrr. 33, t1_~(7). @#Qa:rrru ~6lrT.f!)lW Q£ljG'iJ6ID6V 6lJLLrr[T j,i){b QU(!!JQJy>8J8ifTr!htOlfWGYT.tflJ. 6. ~® !lJ8i(i(f)fJ J: (§~{!;iJ®J;@!jW LD$}6iJ (UlffiJ.). 7. LDf)GiJ @!JYJIhiJ(!!J~{lj ~rfle:fT i> {h6ro6U(DCh[TLD (Cuttack).

8iLa;W ((g{!jrrroYrQJ6m<iifT) - QJ. BiLLai.

®LW - @)L~~Lb _ 1. ®LW (UlffiJ.). 2. QLDIiJQJ~tDfT~f!Jb~ GdFuJUJW Q.1!fJJurr@. "®L!A::oW UL_(E)ci; Qo;rr@LDQ)fr g)~p51" (iJ®C!P(!!J. 229).3. ~rniiJ6l1J1J6lJ (yJLciI~ U Q u ®roJlJru if .!J)Ji;i) Q!D®&'J~L m6lJ8;a>ai. (iJ®(!jJ([!jl U9;. 47, ~L!J-a;®p51u4)·

J9IT6i;615J{Ttir (!PL&&JU Qu@615J(J 6lIfi1J)l/i#

"IDr8#J61JL 6IJ6lJuu§JJ (§Lffil§ LlJtr(!pw.

®L{!;~W U®~6lJ = Qjfilf4Triu~ QJy5Ju(£J'ib6b. "®Lth~W uLQL$Jrr t61Qrp51@Lb". (r$rr~~uLJ· 8i@Q.Jrrlil. 96).

~Lthmtf> = QJ6W6TTQj. "@jL{!m~U1r8 Qa:6UlUJ G&(TL_QL661" (4{D{Drr. 321).

·

u rTiou rr 6imT IT

97

®LU)(oC»U = 1. (!jJL~L (OJ ffiJ.). "'(~LL.b61f)U {li~~Q{hnJp1lUu LJLU {D[f, fD{iJClflJ" (®[D6Tr. 338). 2. LJ@Jir!Tn.(fjJ· "QJffllL/Lru @~J; ®Lwmu jpfTG1J Q;'lJtb{!5J" (CJj6U6UfT. 8)~ui) !!JliJ. 26). 3. UfD06>6l)8; an_@. "®Lwmu (!pLrnLUjffi1 an_@LDfT@!jW." (UJriil. 10 : 352.)

®LWVilJ)U - @j~Lo~U = 1. 8)rr ~ # c: elF tt rQIDfiiW i> ~fOID6'fTmUJ 6'51 rfIQ1 rr a,® QJ fh tb ® @@Lb f? m 6lJ<T &@Gtr c:!JI GUQJ §» g G'(f) Q) # dJi ® 6Tr. "g rn GU 8i @j~W6lf)U QUJfTC!!JCJjfT §Jj" (i)ViiJ. Qurf/UJrrJ). 3 : 3 : 1). 2. fY6"5JGU5 a;.®w Gurrm-fD Qurr{iJ a;fTfh~' "i;J®r$(!!j~W6mU QUJrr~J!)J G'1urr6irr @®r9)YJ~Gr!f ~L_(JJ LDC§a=rrlfl-" (SJ.L ii, 143).

(:!;Lwmu - ®lJwG"mu = 1. UJD6IDQJ8; t!Tn_(j}J. 2. 5J.Q)J@ljlJl-GiJ. "@6mQJ(]QJuJ ®(JLb~u" (LDffJl~r;rJi~ 110).3. Qf6tDr!Tn.@ (Lam). "(;)f6tD®rn6lJ ®r;rwrnuu5J ~lJuLf 6l1lj,r$J6lT/r" (8)rA~LJ. ~fTL(j)IU. 26). 4. c!hL@ C:urrm[D !d_LWLJ· "Qurr®/Ji)UJ ®'7wmu !flj~~~u QUfT®QGTTmJ:i o;®rfJ C'36lJ<iiffiLfT" ((]{lj6lJrT. 488 : 1). Ln. ®'7W4.

@jL6lJ)W = ZL@d5r@ tC,,",L ga;r!Tn._mL,

@jL - (:!J L tt = 1. QJ ~ 6TT 6lJ . " 6T ~ ~ ~ ® L_ tt QJ i.JI- #, ® ® (iiCfHi"'fT " (WUlf>6lJU@. 501), "®LfT6lJ/4- '4G1fJUJ(!JJw" (!iJfiVU. 2S : SO). 2. 6lJrn~ @jLrr o:::!J)fGUQ'J /!II Q}J rfI@jLfT fiHiirrTW/ Lb QJ6GHi1T alL6U. 3. eyJ06l 6lJ.

@jLrr - @jLfTULJ = c: d.rr!fl, ~L.._(fj)a;®L._ilI- U 6M p5J <!::p~Q)) UJ6lJ {iJ6m [D ~mL8;(!!jw ~mt;TI1J®~mL 6lJUJ-6lIfTfiiM an.@.

rt!JLfT - ®LfTrfJ = 6'lJm6TT~{h UJrT61J)rotfTrji C:{h[TLt.q.- (LiJffiJ.).

®L - @jlSJ- = 1. QJ~61fthfh LJC!!JQJW (t5JffiJ.). 2. ®Lwmu GUfTroV[D ®L9- ~ a= ~ 6iJ fiU gp QI LLLD rr ~ <OIl (f;I. "fF) !f)J ®L11- 8i fiUJ,[i}" (CJj [i, ~ LJ . ~(iJ!)J. 12). ®l1I-8;8n..6l51 = G'3L_@ QJrrLmCJj~· (YJr{h{b 9irrQ)~iJru 6TGUGlJfT {DfTL.@ 6'8@c!h@!Jw QlLLQJl!/-GlIfT8i(]QJ @®tA{h~. 3. ~® ®Q)i>1Drrrt Q '!J@ ~Q,fiU §JJ Q! L_@~Q ~fT C!!Ji). er -([;I : Q CFr9;8i tt '7 8;@jUJ- ~6b~ fbi QJIT~UJc9;®liI-' 4 . .2§1IIT. ~-@ : 9ifT~(Jj,®L9-. ®U/-Jio;rrQ/QJ = ~n-j, CfJrrruru. S. 6'3LLq-jJJJGYrGYT LD6'5)~GUJ. ~-(f;I : ~Q/~8i® @®®L9-. 6. ®(j;lLhu L.b (03 LlJ1-jJJJg., 6fT a;~Qlm L1)~6lIT6'5I W8;8J6lr). "~®®l1I-u J5JfD[t.~ uQ)C:6lJrr(!!),,"~w" (LJ!D{Drr. 183). 7. 91J6lJLq_... ~-@ : GO:8;~Y'nlr ®l1l-. 8. ®a>LD (UJffiJ.). 9. ®llJ-8iw. "aalrr(JmrrJ;8iJ QJfT@£!I®L1I-" (@jIDroir. 542).10. @Lq-t6J®u(Jurrrr. 11. QliJ~6iJ ~GiJ6lJf!P ~ffi1@'j~6U. "~rn ~:f,1D WlrnCF ®4-Qe;rrfiWL J)/uJ!filJrTfiM Q~ifjQlaLD" (~fT'4LDfT. (]rfhGtfFfTUJ UJ rr m ff;~LiJ). ®iJ1-UJ tt 6"MQlW = !EJ6?f)fil)UJ rr 8i f}rfi L_~i:J~ 6lJ~tLf w IL~QJW ~6iJ~ ~ C:{))J6TT rr,"~. ®liI-u5l®~~6iJ = <ii3 L._UJ-fi61®~~6U, tfJm6lJUJ fT 8) QJ j;f fh 6lJ , @)L9-Lf ® ~ 6iJ, ®'4- GlJ ® 10 oiJ, ® L!i- c: u tt ~6U , ® i1I- c: UJ .f!)J fh 6b , ®L<J- Q a;rr roir @!J~'" (yJ{!j~ UJ §JfT UJ ~u51 J) Q/ !J)8;@8i6lf>QT a [Drr c!i;®8i.

®iJ1- (@jl1l-~O:, f03(j)J) - LD. (§~, QI. 0!JLUJ- (kutti).