OU Open University SM358 2010 Exam Solutions

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SM358: Revision
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Exam 2010 Q14

1D potential energy step, V0 for positive x, zero otherwise, the particles have E=V0/2 and are incident
from the left.
The particles have less energy than the step and classically cannot penetrate into the step, but
quantum mechanically they penetrate into the step.
(a)
TISE for system
Inserting the given wave function and can only be true for all x if:
(
( )
Therefore
So
(b)
C = 0 since otherwise the wave function cannot be normalised or we dont like wave functions that
shoot off to infinity as x tends to infinity.
(c)
At x=0 (x) is continuous, this implies since the exponent of zero is 1:
(1)
Also the first derivative of (x) wrt x needs to be continuous at x = 0:

(
(2)
Solving for B and D in terms of A:

Eliminating B from (1) and (2), ik (1) + (2)
(
(
)
)
Eliminating D from (1) and (2), (1)+(2)

(
(
(
)
)
(
(
)
)
(
(
)
)
Since k = . divide through by k above.

(d)
The reflection coefficient R is given by:
| |
| |
| |
The modulus of a complex number divided by its conjugate is 1

Nothing is transmitted through this infinitely deep step potential.
(e)
The total number (N) of particles between 0 and infinity is just the integral of the linear number
density between 0 and infinity:
| ( )|
| |
[| |
| |
|
|
| |
|
| |
| |
I checked (a) to (d) against Book 3 7.3.2.TODO I could check the dimensions of N are dimensionless.
Exam 2010 Q15

(a)
Show that given spinors are eigenvectors of given Hamiltonian with given eigenvalues
[ ]
[ ]
Therefore Eu is an eigenvalue of with associated eigenvector
Therefore Ed is an eigenvalue of with associated eigenvector
(b)
Given state is A0 at t = 0, express in terms of eigenvector from a) and then at t=/:
[ ]
Because the two eigenvectors form a complete set any spinor can be expressed as a superposition of
them and we can write:
To evaluate , we form the inner-product with the 2 eigenvectors and use their orthonormal
properties to simplify:
] [ ]
] [ ]
[(
[(
)
(
Therefore
At t = / the complex exponentials are i and i respectively.
[(
[(
)[ ]
(
)[
]]
( )]
[(
(c)
]
| |
| |
] [
] [
] [ ]
] [
][ ]
][
(d)
The generalised Ehrenfest theorem is (from the Equation Booklet):

[ ]
Where is the Hamiltonian of the system. Applying this to <Sx> and showing that the differential
wrt time is zero. We have from a):
commutes with itself and therefor with . So <Sx> is independent of time.
Exam 2010 Q17

(a)
From Equation Booklet, in spherical coordinates
Given in question
(
( )
( )
Therefore Y1,0 is an eigenfunction of Lz with eigenvalue m=0.
(
(
[
) (
(
(
)
)] (
)[
)
](
(
(
( )
)]
( )
)
(
(
) (
)
Therefore Y1,0 is an eigenfunction of L2 with eigenvalue 1(1+1)2 i.e. l=1
)[
)]
(b)
Let P2,1(r) be the probability of finding an electron-proton separation between r and r + r.
( )
The most probable separation is given by differentiating P2,1(r) wrt to r and equating to zero to find
the maximum:
[
[ (
)]
This is satisfied when r=0 and r=4a0. The r=0 solution can be ignored since P2,1 is zero at this
separation. So r=4a0 is the separation with maximum probability.
(c)
From Equation Booklet, in reality this is the sandwich integral of r in spherical coordinates, the Yl,m
evaluate to 1 because they are normalised, R2,1 is real:

| |
| |
Using given definite integral

(d)
Suppose there is a small perturbation in the state 2,1,0 given by:
What is the first-order perturbation to the energy in this state?

The H only depends on r so the Y1,0 integrate to 1 and all we have left is the integral for r, as in (c):
( )
| |
(e)
If the atom absorbs a photon and makes a transition between 2,1,0 and a state with n=3 What is the
energy of the absorbed photon?
Using the Equation Booklet:
))
What are the possible values of l and m quantum numbers after the transition?
Looking at the Equation Booklet I would suggest the followingThe possible value of l,m in the final transition state are:
l=0, m=0
l=2, m=0, 1
From the Equation Booklet it says:
lfinal = linitial 1 and mfinal = minitial or minitial 1
linitial = 1 and minitial = 0
Ive excluded the 1 for m in the first case since 1 would not be valid when l=0.

OU Open University SM358 2010 Exam Solutions

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Exam 2010 Q14

Also the first derivative of (x) wrt x needs to be continuous at x = 0:

Solving for B and D in terms of A:

Eliminating D from (1) and (2), (1)+(2)

Since k = . divide through by k above.

The modulus of a complex number divided by its conjugate is 1

Exam 2010 Q15

Therefore Eu is an eigenvalue of with associated eigenvector

Therefore Ed is an eigenvalue of with associated eigenvector

At t = / the complex exponentials are i and i respectively.

Exam 2010 Q17

Therefore Y1,0 is an eigenfunction of Lz with eigenvalue m=0.

Therefore Y1,0 is an eigenfunction of L2 with eigenvalue 1(1+1)2 i.e. l=1

Using given definite integral

What is the first-order perturbation to the energy in this state?

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