Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

CONTENTS
ABSTRACT
TECHNOLOGY
BLOCK DIAGRAM
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
CONCLUSION

ABSTRACT:
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Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

The PELTIER effect is a temperature difference created by applying a

voltage between two electrodes connected to a sample of semiconductor
material.
The PELTIER effect can also be reversed and used to generate power in
conditions where there are differences in temperature. Additionally the
amount of power produced is proportional to the difference in the
temperatures.
All of these established scientific facts can be used to produce power
from any thing where there are two different sources of temperatures. In this
project we propose the construction of one such device particularly useful to
the Indian defense forces that are mostly operating in conditions where there
are low temperatures, and generally it is also difficult to take conventional
electricity to these places as well. Humans are warm blooded and as long as
they are alive the body remains hot. Hence by using the human body heat as
one source of temperature and the surrounding climate as another source of
temperature, we can generate power using the PELTIER effect.
The power thus produced can be used for various applications ranging
from charging portable communication devices like radios and phones to
even lighting up a dark place and many other applications. In this project a
versatile power source will be developed using which many applications will
be possible, including telemetry of soldiers in a battle field, monitoring their
vital parameters using the power produced by the heat from their body.

Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

TECHNOLOGY:
The Embedded Technology is now in its prime and the wealth of
knowledge available is mind-blowing. Embedded technology plays a major
role in integrating the various functions associated with it. This needs to tie
up the various sources of the department in a closed loop system.
This proposal greatly reduces the manpower, saves time and operates
efficiently without human interference. This project puts forth the first step in
achieving the desired target. With the advent in technology, the existing
systems are developed to have in built intelligence. The computer systems
also plays major role in our daily life. There are several applications that can
be developed by using the computers, like software development, industrial
purposes, medical field, education, bank management, etc

Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

HUMAN
BODY
(HOT
SOURCE)

Semiconduct
or
PELTIER

OUTSIDE
TEMPERATURE
(COLD SOURCE)

Module

STORAGE
BATTERY

DC AC
INVERTER

Direction of Heat
Flow

ANALOG
TO DIGITAL

POWE
R
SUPPL
Y

ELECTRIC
AL
APPLIANC
ES

MICRO
CONTROLL
ER

LCD
DISPLA
Y

Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:
Microcontroller Unit
Power Supply Unit
Peltier Sensor
Battery Storage Device
DC to AC Inverter
Relay Switching Circuit
Transistor Driver
ADC Unit
LCD Display

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:
Embedded C Programming
KEIL Cross Compiler.

Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

COMPONENT DETAILS
PELTIER SENSOR:
This demonstration device consists of a special cell mounted
to a heat sink to demonstrate an unusual principle of absorbing
heat and liberating heat on the one device. This is called the
Peltier Effect. There are no specific experiments associated with
this instrument, although other instruments are available where
quantitative experiments can be performed using similar cells and
by measuring rises and falls in temperature of vessels containing
water.
A Thermocouple is a simple device consisting of two wires of
different metals intimately bonded together at one end. When the
bond is heated, a small current flows between the nonheated
ends of the wires. The Thermocouple is used as a temperature
measuring sensor in various instruments, especially where high
temperatures of thousands of degrees are to be measured in
furnaces and kilns.
This Peltier Effect cell is the reverse of a Thermocouple. It
consists of many

thermocouple joints all bonded to two flat

plates. When electricity is passed through these joints, one side of

the cell becomes hot and the other side becomes cold. It is
important that the cold and the hot sides cannot conduct heat to
each other. These cells are used in electronic circuits to keep
electronic devices cool. They are used also in food and drink mini
coolers for cars and they run from the 12 volt car battery.
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Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

The term Energy Harvesting is very popular recently in an

area of low power wireless intelligent sensors. Reason is obvious.
Direct power supply from main grid is possible mostly in industry
zone. In user applications such as temperature sensors in home
environment the battery usage is demand. Supplying sensors
from electrochemical power sources is efficient only in case, when
we get good access to the sensor eventually when we want to
read data only for short period of time (range of days or weeks).
Special events (oceanobiologist, seismic activities detection,
detection of chemical substances in huge reservoirs atc.)
requiring special electrochemical power sources, which are much
more expensive of course. In this article we will present a modern
way of powering intelligent sensors. Gaining the energy to supply
sensors is possible even from immediate sensors environment.
The energy harvesting term is way, how to obtain this ubiquitous
energy. At present day are as alternative power source very
popular solar cells. This technology offer relatively high efficient
energy conversion, about 15-25%. If we have big enough solar
cell, so we can supply also energy more exacting sensors. In their
shadow

are

moving

power

sources

utilizing

environment

vibrations eventually sources, to whom a little thermal gradient

will be enough. Sources, which are utilizing thermal gradient were

Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

always been overlooked, because of their very low efficiency

(about 4%) and very low output voltage (order of tens of mV).
Nevertheless theirs big advantage against other methods is
obvious. They are supplying the energy from vibration less
environment and without need of high intensity incident light. For
running they are need only small thermal gradient of order of
degrees.
These power supplies get to foreground of interest relatively
not long ago. Thanks to evolution of new MOS-FET transistors with
very low value of RDSON (order of mOhm) is possible to use even
very low voltage produced by thermal sources called Thermo
Electric Generators. Our application is using sophisticated circuit
from Linear Technology, which is capable to use even small
energy bursts to discontinuous intelligent sensors operations.
The heat energy is converted into electric energy which is
stored in very high capacity capacitor (about 1F). In case, that
accumulated energy is sufficient, the signal Power Good is
generated. This signal is sign to sensor to perform measuring and
data archiving. This power supply type is suitable everywhere,
where is permanent thermal gradient such as ocean water, long
lead heating pipes, air monitors on distant or hardly accessible
places (shafts) etc.

Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

AT89S52 MICROCONTROLLER UNIT:

INTRODUCTION
A Micro controller consists of a powerful CPU tightly coupled
with memory, various I/O interfaces such as serial port, parallel
port timer or counter, interrupt controller, data acquisition
interfaces-Analog to Digital converter, Digital to Analog converter,
integrated on to a single silicon chip.
If a system is developed with a microprocessor, the designer
has to go for external memory such as RAM, ROM, EPROM and
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Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

peripherals. But controller is provided all these facilities on a

single chip. Development of a Micro controller reduces PCB size
and cost of design.
One of the major differences between a Microprocessor and
a Micro controller is that a controller often deals with bits not
bytes as in the real world application. Intel has introduced a
family of Micro controllers called the MCS-52.
AT89C52 is 8-bit micro controller, which has 4 KB on chip
flash memory, which is just sufficient for our application. The onchip Flash ROM allows the program memory to be reprogrammed
in system or by conventional non-volatile memory Programmer.
Moreover ATMEL is the leader in flash technology in todays
market place and hence using AT 89C52 is the optimal solution.

THE MAJOR FEATURES

Compatible with MCS-52 products

4k Bytes of in-system Reprogrammable flash memory
Fully static operation: 0HZ to 24MHZ
Three level programmable clock
128 * 8 bit timer/counters; Six interrupt sources
Programmable serial channel; Low power idle powerdown modes
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Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

AT89S52 MICROCONTROLLER ARCHITECTURE

Eight bit CPU with registers A (the accumulator) and B
Sixteen-bit program counter (PC) and data pointer
(DPTR)
Eight- bit stack pointer (PSW), Eight-bit stack pointer
(Sp)
Internal ROM or EPROM (8751) of 0(8031) to 4K (89C51)
Internal RAM of 128 bytes
Thirty two input/output pins arranged as four 8-bit

ports:p0-p3
Two 16-bit timer/counters: T0 and T1
Full duplex serial data receiver/transmitter: SBUF
Control registers: TCON, TMOD, SCON, PCON, IP, and IE
Two external and three internal interrupts sources,
Oscillator and clock circuits.

PIN DIAGRAM

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Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

Pin Diagram of AT89C51

PIN DESCRIPTION
VCC: Supply voltage.
GND: Ground.
Port 0: Port 0 is an 8-bit open-drain bi-directional I/O port.
As an output port, each pin can sink eight TTL inputs. When 1s
are written to port 0 pins, the pins can be used as high impedance
inputs.
Port 0 may also be configured to be the multiplexed low
order address/data bus during accesses to external program and
data memory. In this mode P0 has internal pull-ups. Port 0 also
receives the code bytes during Flash programming, and outputs

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Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

the code bytes during program verification. External pull-ups are

required during program verification.
Port 1: Port 1 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal
pull-ups. The Port 1 output buffers can sink/source four TTL inputs.
When 1s are written to Port 1 pins they are pulled high by the
internal pull-ups and can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 1 pins
that are externally being pulled low will source current (IIL)
because of the internal pull-ups. Port 1 also receives the low-order
address bytes during Flash programming and verification.
Port 2: Port 2 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal
pull-ups. The Port 2 output buffers can sink/source four TTL inputs.
When 1s are written to Port 2 pins they are pulled high by the
internal pull-ups and can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 2 pins
that are externally being pulled low will source current (IIL)
because of the internal pull-ups.
Port 3: Port 3 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal
pull-ups. The Port 3 output buffers can sink/source four TTL inputs.
When 1s are written to Port 3 pins they are pulled high by the
internal pull-ups and can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 3 pins
that are externally being pulled low will source current (IIL)
because of the pull-ups.
Port 3 also serves the functions of various special features of
the AT89C51 as listed below:

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Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

RST: Reset input. A high on this pin for two machine cycles
while the oscillator is running resets the device.
ALE/PROG: Address Latch Enable output pulse for latching
the low byte of the address during accesses to external memory.
This pin is also the program pulse input (PROG) during Flash
programming. In normal operation
ALE is emitted at a constant rate of 1/6the oscillator
frequency, and may be used for external timing or clocking
purposes. Note, however, that one ALE pulse is skipped during
each access to external Data Memory.
If desired, ALE operation can be disabled by setting bit 0 of
SFR location 8EH. With the bit set, ALE is active only during a
MOVX or MOVC instruction. Otherwise, the pin is weakly pulled
high. Setting the ALE-disable bit has no effect if the micro
controller is in external execution mode.
PSEN: Program Store Enable is the read strobe to external
program memory. When the AT89C51 is executing code from
external program memory, PSEN is activated twice each machine
cycle, except that two PSEN activations are skipped during each
access to external data memory.
EA/VPP: External Access Enable. EA must be strapped to
GND in order to enable the device to fetch code from external
program memory locations starting at 0000H up to FFFFH.

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Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

Note, however, that if lock bit 1 is programmed, EA will be

internally latched on reset. EA should be strapped to VCC for
internal program executions. This pin also receives the 12-volt
programming enable voltage (VPP) during Flash programming, for
parts that require 12-volt VPP.
XTAL1: Input to the inverting oscillator amplifier and input
to the internal clock operating circuit.
XTAL2: Output from the inverting oscillator amplifier.

OSCILLATOR CHARACTERISTICS
XTAL1 and XTAL2 are the input and output, respectively, of
an inverting amplifier, which can be configured for use as an onchip oscillator. Either a quartz crystal or ceramic resonator may
be used. To drive the device from an external clock source, XTAL2
should be left unconnected while XTAL1 is driven.
There are no requirements on the duty cycle of the external
clock signal, since the input to the internal clocking circuitry is
through a divide-by-two flip-flop, but minimum and maximum
voltage high and low time specifications must be observed.

APPLICATIONS
The AT89C51 application is an implementation of a moving
display. This application was selected for its simplicity and ability
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Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

to show graphically the results of in-circuit re programming. The

text to be displayed is programmed into the controller as part of
its firmware, and cannot be changed without reprogramming the
device.0287D-B9/97.
The Microcontroller can be applicable in the following fields:
1. Instrumentation.
2. Handheld Devices.
3. Communication Systems.
4. Control Systems.
5. Peripheral Controllers.
6. Process Control Systems.

RELAY:
KINDS OF RELAY:
Single pole single throw (SPST)
Single pole double throw (SPDT)
Double pole double throw (DPDT)

Relay Device Diagram

MAIN FEATURES:

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Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

RW Series Relay covers switching capacity by 10A is spite of

miniature size to comply with users wide selection.
RWH is approved C-UL & TV safety standard.
The employment of suitable plastic materials is applied
under high temperature condition and various chemical
solutions.
Complete protective construction is designed form dust and
soldering flux. If required, plastic sealed type is available for
washing procedure.
12A at 120VAC for RW & 12A at 240VAC for RWH are UL
approved.

RELAY DESCRIPTION:
A relay is an electrically operated switch. Current flowing
through the coil of the relay creates a magnetic field which
attracts a lever and changes the switch contacts. The coil
current can be on or off so relays have two switch positions
and they are double throw (changeover) switches.
Relays allow one circuit to switch a second circuit which can
be completely separate from the first. For example a low
voltage battery circuit can use a relay to switch a 230V AC
mains circuit.

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Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

There is no electrical connection inside the relay between

the two circuits; the link is magnetic and mechanical.
Whereas a mechanical switch, like the switch to turn of/off
lights, requires a person to physically push or toggle the
switch, an electrically-controlled switch, requires current to
turn the switch on or off.
An electrically-controlled switch is better known as a relay. In
electronics terms, a relay is an electrical switch actuated by
a solenoid. 'Actuated' means to put into motion or action, to
activate. A 'Solenoid' is a current-carrying coil of wire that
acts like a magnet when current passes through it (shown
below):

Solenoid Coil
An SPDT relay switch connections are typically labeled COM,
NC and NO:

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Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

COM: Always connect to this; it is the moving part of

the switch.
NC: COM is connected to this when the relay coil is
off.
NO: COM is connected to this when the relay coil is
on.
Connect to COM and NO if you want the switched circuit to
be on when the relay coil is on. Connect to COM and NC if
you want the switched circuit to be on when the relay coil is
off.
This physical structure and behavior along with a real relay
are illustrated below:

Physical Structure of Relay

An SPDT relay is shown below:

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Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

Schematic of SPDT Relay

A relay therefore, is made of a solenoid, an armature
mechanism, and electrical contacts. When the coil is not
being energized with the current, the armature assumes a
position that causes the switch to be opened. When the coil
is energized, however, the induced magnetic fields move the
armature to close the switch.

INTERNAL CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF A RELAY

Internal Circuit Diagram of Relay

RECHARGEABLE BATTERY:
A rechargeable battery, storage battery, or accumulator is a
type

of

electrical

battery.

It

comprises

one

or

more

electrochemical cells, and is a type of energy accumulator. It is

known as a secondary cell because its electrochemical reactions
are electrically reversible. Rechargeable batteries come in many
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Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

different shapes and sizes, ranging from button cells to megawatt

systems connected to stabilize an electrical distribution network.
Several different combinations of chemicals are commonly used,
including: leadacid, nickel cadmium (NiCd), nickel metal hydride
(NiMH), lithium ion (Li-ion), and lithium ion polymer (Li-ion
polymer).
Rechargeable batteries have lower total cost of use and
environmental

impact

than

disposable

batteries.

Some

rechargeable battery types are available in the same sizes as

disposable types. Rechargeable batteries have higher initial cost
but can be recharged very cheaply and used many times.

USAGE AND APPLICATIONS:

Rechargeable batteries are used for automobile starters,
portable consumer devices, light vehicles (such as motorized
wheelchairs, golf carts, electric bicycles, and electric forklifts),
tools, and uninterruptible power supplies. Emerging applications
in hybrid electric vehicles and electric vehicles are driving the
technology to reduce cost and weight and increase lifetime.
Traditional rechargeable batteries have to be charged before their
first use; newer low self-discharge NiMH batteries hold their
charge for many months, and are typically charged at the factory
to about 70% of their rated capacity before shipping.
Grid energy storage applications use rechargeable batteries
for load leveling, where they store electric energy for use during
peak load periods, and for renewable energy uses, such as storing
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Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

power generated from photovoltaic arrays during the day to be

used at night. By charging batteries during periods of low demand
and returning energy to the grid during periods of high electrical
demand, load-leveling helps eliminate the need for expensive
peaking power plants and helps amortize the cost of generators
over more hours of operation.

Rechargeable Battery Model

DC to AC Inverter:
An inverter is

an

electrical

device

that

converts direct

current (DC) to alternating current (AC); the converted AC can be

at

any

required

voltage

and

frequency

with

the

use

of

appropriate transformers, switching, and control circuits.

Solid-state inverters have no moving parts and are used in a
wide range of applications, from small switching power supplies in
computers,

to

large electric

utility high-voltage

direct

current applications that transport bulk power. Inverters are

commonly used to supply AC power from DC sources such as solar
panels or batteries.

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Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

There are two main types of inverter. The output of

a modified sine wave inverter is similar to a square wave output
except that the output goes to zero volts for a time before
switching positive or negative. It is simple and low cost
(~$0.10USD/Watt) and is compatible with most electronic devices,
except for sensitive or specialized equipment, for example
certain laser printers. A pure sine wave inverter produces a nearly
perfect sine wave output (<3% total harmonic distortion) that is
essentially the same as utility-supplied grid power. Thus it is
compatible with all AC electronic devices. This is the type used in
grid-tie inverters. Its design is more complex, and costs 5 or 10
times more per unit power (~$0.50 to $1.00USD/Watt). The
electrical inverter is a high-power electronic oscillator. It is so
named because early mechanical were made to work in reverse,
and thus were "inverted", to convert DC to AC.
The inverter performs the opposite function of a rectifier.

ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER:

The ADC0808, ADC0809 data acquisition component is a
monolithic CMOS device with an 8-bit analog-to-digital converter,
8-channel multiplexer and microprocessor compatible control
logic. The 8-bit A/D converter uses successive approximation as
the

conversion

technique.

The

converter

features

high

impedance chopper stabilized comparator, a 256R voltage divider

with analog switch tree and a successive approximation register.
The 8-channel multiplexer can directly access any of 8-single24

Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

ended analog signals. The device eliminates the need for external
zero

and

full-scale

microprocessors

is

adjustments.

provided

by

the

Easy

interfacing

latched

and

to

decoded

multiplexer address inputs and latched TTL TRI-STATE outputs.

The design of the ADC0808, ADC0809 has been optimized by
incorporating

the

most

desirable

aspects

of

several

A/D

conversion techniques. The ADC0808, ADC0809 offers high

speed,

high

accuracy,

minimal

temperature

dependence,

excellent long-term accuracy and repeatability, and consumes

minimal power. These features make this device ideally suited to
applications from process and machine control to consumer and
automotive applications. For 16-channel multiplexer with common
output (sample/hold port) see ADC0816 data sheet.

ADC FEATURES:
Easy interface to all microprocessors
Operates ratio metrically or with 5 VDC or analog span
Adjusted voltage reference
No zero or full-scale adjust required
8-channel multiplexer with address logic
0V to 5V input range with single 5V power supply
Outputs meet TTL voltage level specifications
Standard hermetic or molded 28-pin DIP package
28-pin molded chip carrier package
ADC0808 equivalent to MM74C949
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Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

ADC0809 equivalent to MM74C949-1

LCD DISPLAY:
LCD-Liquid Crystal Display is an electronic device for
displaying text or characters. We are using 14 pin LCD. 16*2
represents 16 characters and 2 line display. LCDs are economical
and easily programmable and can easily display special and
custom characters.

Above is the quite simple schematic. The LCD panels Enable

and Register Select is connected to the Control Port. The Control
Port is an open collector / open drain output. While most Parallel
Ports have internal pull-up resistors, there are a few which dont.
Therefore by incorporating the two 10K external pull up resistors,
the circuit is more portable for a wider range of computers, some
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Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

of which may have no internal pull up resistors. We make no effort

to place the Data bus into reverse direction.
Therefore we hard wire the R/W line of the LCD panel, into
write mode. This will cause no bus conflicts on the data lines. As a
result we cannot read back the LCDs internal Busy Flag which
tells us if the LCD has accepted and finished processing the last
instruction. This problem is overcome by inserting known delays
into our program.
The 10k Potentiometer controls the contrast of the LCD
panel. Nothing fancy here. As with all the examples, Ive left the
power supply out. You can use a bench power supply set to 5v or
use a onboard +5 regulator.
The user may select whether the LCD is to operate with a 4bit data bus or an 8-bit data bus. If a 4-bit data bus is used, the
LCD will require a total of 7 data lines. If an 8-bit data bus is used,
the LCD will require a total of 11 data lines. The three control lines
are EN, RS, and RW. Note that the EN line must be raised/lowered
before/after each instruction sent to the LCD regardless of
whether that instruction is read or write text or instruction.
In

short,

you

must

always

manipulate

EN

when

communicating with the LCD. EN is the LCDs way of knowing that

you are talking to it. If you dont raise/lower EN, the LCD doesnt
know youre talking to it on the other lines.

PIN SPECIFICATIONS:
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Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

Pin description is as follows

1. Pin 7 to pin 14-All 8 pins are responsible for the transfer of
data.
2. Pin 4-This is RS i.e., register select pin.
3. Pin 5-This is R/W i.e., Read/Write pin.
4. Pin 6-This is E i.e., enable pin.
5. Pin 2-This is VDD i.e., power supply pin.
6. Pin 1-This is VSS i.e., ground pin.
7. Pin 3-This is short pin

REGULATED POWER SUPPLY

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM AND INTRODUCTION:

Power Supply Circuit Diagram

Power Supply Unit:

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Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

Consists of following units

Step down transformer

Rectifier unit
Input filter
Regulator unit
Output filter

STEP-DOWN TRANSFORMER:
The Step down Transformer is used to step down the main
supply voltage from 230V AC to lower value. This 230 AC voltage
cannot be used directly, thus it is stepped down. The Transformer
consists of primary and secondary coils. To reduce or step down
the voltage, the transformer is designed to contain less number of
turns in its secondary core. The output from the secondary coil is
also AC waveform. Thus the conversion from AC to DC is essential.
This conversion is achieved by using the Rectifier Circuit/Unit.

RECTIFIER UNIT:
The Rectifier circuit is used to convert the AC voltage into its
corresponding DC voltage. There are Half-Wave, Full-Wave and
bridge Rectifiers available for this specific function. The most
important and simple device used in Rectifier circuit is the diode.
The simple function of the diode is to conduct when forward
biased and not to conduct in reverse bias.

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Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

The Forward Bias is achieved by connecting the diodes

positive with positive of the battery and negative with batterys
negative. The efficient circuit used is the Full wave Bridge rectifier
circuit. The output voltage of the rectifier is in rippled form, the
ripples from the obtained DC voltage are removed using other
circuits available. The circuit used for removing the ripples is
called Filter circuit.

INPUT FILTER:
Capacitors are used as filter. The ripples from the DC
voltage are removed and pure DC voltage is obtained. And also
these capacitors are used to reduce the harmonics of the input
voltage. The primary action performed by capacitor is charging
and discharging.
It charges in positive half cycle of the AC voltage and it will
discharge in negative half cycle. So it allows only AC voltage and
does not allow the DC voltage. This filter is fixed before the
regulator. Thus the output is free from ripples.

REGULATOR UNIT:

7805 Regulator

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Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

Regulator regulates the output voltage to be always

constant. The output voltage is maintained irrespective of the
fluctuations in the input AC voltage. As and then the AC voltage
changes, the DC voltage also changes. Thus to avoid this
Regulators are used. Also when the internal resistance of the
power supply is greater than 30 ohms, the output gets affected.
Thus this can be successfully reduced here.
The regulators are mainly classified for low voltage and for
high voltage. Further they can also be classified as:
i) Positive regulator
1---> input pin
2---> ground pin
3---> output pin
It regulates the positive voltage.
ii) Negative regulator
1---> ground pin
2---> input pin
3---> output pin
It regulates the negative voltage.

OUTPUT FILTER:
The Filter circuit is often fixed after the Regulator
circuit. Capacitor is most often used as filter. The principle of the
capacitor is to charge and discharge. It charges during the
positive half cycle of the AC voltage and discharges during the
negative half cycle. So it allows only AC voltage and does not
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Making Human Battery Producing Power From Human Body

allow the DC voltage. This filter is fixed after the Regulator circuit
to filter any of the possibly found ripples in the output received
finally. Here we used 0.1F capacitor. The output at this stage is
5V and is given to the Microcontroller.

APPLICATIONS
This project can be used in following places.

Factories
Industries,
Multi Storied Buildings,
Schools,
Light Houses,
Tall Towers,
Homes.

CONCLUSION
In this paper, we have presented the research, to monitor
physiological parameters such as temperature, heart rate, and
body pressure. Inverse Peltier Effect is used to generate the
power from the body to provide the power supply for the device.
With some modification, the system can be made available
commercially. Future improvements will focus on the usage in
smarter ways, so that it could be moulded around the wrist unit,
making it more comfortable for the wearer. The unit was initially
designed for the soldiers but can initially use by the elderly,
within the house measuring their health status.

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