Chemical & Materials Engineering

Donadeo Innovation Centre for Engineering

Phone: 780-492-2881 | Email: cmeinfo@ualberta.ca

Website: www.cme.engineering.ualberta.ca

CHE-374: Computational Methods in Engineering, Winter 2016, UofA, Edmonton, Canada

CHE-374: Lecture 37: Final Exam Preparation:

Information and Exercises
Dr. P.A. Nikrityuk
08.04.2016

Exam-Form

Rules

Basic Advices

IVP Exercise

BVP Exercise

Exam-Form

Rules

Basic Advices

IVP Exercise

BVP Exercise

Notes

This exam consists of 4 problems; total of 100 points.

Duration of this exam is 2 hours.
The final exam is closed book. No any books and no any lecture notes are
allowed.
ONE double side page (Letter Format, Width 27.94 cm, Height 21.59 cm) with
ONLY own hand-written notes (not scanned and not photo-copied) is allowed.
If something in the question is not clear, state your interpretation or
assumptions concerning it and proceed to solve the problem. Do not seek
clarification from anyone including the Instructors.
Only faculty approved non-programmable calculators are allowed.
Assignment solutions are not allowed to be used. For the day of exam they
will be deleted from eclass.
Students writing examinations are required to confirm their identity by
presenting their student card or other acceptable photo identification.
The time of the Final exam is 09:00am-11:00am on April 21, location is
Pavilion (Butterdome), Rows 19, 21, 23 (Seats 1-30).

Exam-Form

Rules

Basic Advices

IVP Exercise

BVP Exercise

Notes

The Final exam will cover basically

the following lectures:

from the Lecture#26 - to the Lecture#37:

ODE - Ordinary Differential Equations: IVP and BVP problems
PDE - Partial Differential Equations
NOTES!
If a problem has been solved correctly but using false method, ZERO
points will be given.
Theoretical question:
In the case if any correct answer includes two controversial answers or
unnecessary information, which does not relate to the question, only 50%
will be given.
If a solution is written correctly but without significant calculations illustrating
how this correct solution was obtained, only 50% will be given!
If an answer is given correctly but no any explanation is introduced how
this answer was obtained ZERO points will be given.
1

For the solution of given problems the knowledge of a material from previous
lectures will be necessary: solution of nonlinear equations, solution of matrix
equations, interpolation using polynomials, numerical differentiation and
4
integration.

Exam-Form

Rules

Basic Advices

IVP Exercise

BVP Exercise

1. Read carefully all questions and all problems (do not

forget turn over the page).
2. Read carefully the formula sheet. All basic formulas needed
to solve problems are given on the formula-sheet!
3. First, choose a problem where you think you know any answer
and start solving this problem.
4. After solving all problems, if you still have any time,
check all your solutions once more!

Exam-Form

Rules

Basic Advices

IVP Exercise

BVP Exercise

Consider forced vibration of a massspring system as shown in the figure. The

position x of the mass as a function of time is given by the solution of the
equation:
k
F0
d 2x
= x+
cos( t)
dt 2
m
m
where m = 2 kg is the mass, k = 800 N/m is the spring constant, F0 = 60 N is
the amplitude of the applied harmonic force, and = 3 rad/s is the frequency
of the applied harmonic force.


The initial conditions are x(0)=0.1 m, ddtx 
= 0.1 m/s.
t=0

Solve the ODE for 0 t 2t using the modified Euler method utilizing
t = 0.1 sec.
Solution:
To solve the problem the second-order ODE is rewritten as a system of two
first-order ODEs. This is done by introducing a new variable u, such that:
u=

dx
dt

and

d 2x
du
=
dt 2
dt

Exam-Form

Rules

Basic Advices

IVP Exercise

BVP Exercise

With these definitions the system of two first-order ODEs is:

dx
= u with the initial condition x(0) = 0.1
dt
k
F0
du
= x+
cos( t) with the initial condition u(0) = 0.1
dt
m
m
= f (x, y ) using the following
Modified Euler method solves an ODE: dy
dx
formulas:


1
f (xi , yi ) + f (xi +1 , yiEu
yi +1 = yi +
+1 )
2
where
yiEu
+1 = yi + f (xi , yi )x
Step 1 i = 1, t1 = 0 and x1 = 0.1 and u1 = 0.1
t2 = t1 + t = 0 + 0.1 = 0.1
x2Eu

= x1 + t u1 = 0.1 + 0.1(0.1) = 0.11

u2Eu = u1 + (400x1 + 30 cos(3 t1 ))t = 0.1 + (400(0.1) + 30)0.1 = 0.9

x2 = x1 + 0.5(u1 + u2Eu )t = 0.1 + 0.5(0.1 0.9) 0.1 = 0.06
u2 = u1 + 0.5(400x1 + 30 cos(3 t1 ) 400x2EU + 30 cos(3 t2 )) 0.1 = 1.167

Exam-Form

Rules

Basic Advices

IVP Exercise

BVP Exercise

Step 2 i = 2, t2 = 0.1 and x2 = 0.06 and u2 = 1.167

t3 = t2 + t = 0.1 + 0.1 = 0.2
x3Eu = x2 + t u2 = 0.06 + 0.1(1.167) = 0.566
u3Eu = u2 + (400x2 + 30 cos(3 t2 ))t =
= 1.167 + (400(0.06) + 30 cos(3 0.1)) 0.1 = 0.7

x3 = x2 + 0.5(u2 + u3Eu )t = 0.06 + 0.5(1.167 + (0.7)) 0.1 = 0.0334

u3 = u2 + 0.5(400x2 + 30 cos(3 t2 ) 400x3EU + 30 cos(3 t3 )) 0.1 = 1.438

Exam-Form

Rules

Basic Advices

IVP Exercise

BVP Exercise

Solve the following boundary value problem (BVP):

d 2y
1 dy
+
= 10
dx 2
x dx
for 1 x 3 with y (x = 1) = 1 and

dy 
dx x=3

= 1.2

By discretization of the ODE use second-order central differences for the

derivatives and a second-order accurate finite difference for the boundary
condition at x = 3. Use four subintervals only. For the solution of a matrix
equation use Gauss-Elimination method.
Step 1. Discretize ODE using finite-difference approximation of derivatives:
yi +1 yi 1
dy
=
dx
2x
d 2y
yi +1 2yi + yi 1
=
dx 2
x 2
Substitute these approximation into original ODE gives:
yi +1 2yi + yi 1
1
+
x 2
xi

yi +1 yi 1
2x


= 10

Exam-Form

Rules

Basic Advices

IVP Exercise

BVP Exercise

Multiplying the last equation by x 2 and writing in a compact form we have:


1

x
2xi


yi 1 + (2) yi +

1+

x
2xi

yi +1 = 10x 2

Step 2. Calculate x and write algebraic equations for internal grid nodes.
According to four subintervals given in the problem description:
x = 31
= 0.5.
4
Total number of grid points is 4 + 1 = 5 and the number of internal nodes
5 2 = 3:
x1 = 1, x2 = x1 + x = 1.5,
x3 = x2 + x = 2, x4 = x3 + x = 2.5, x5 = x4 + x = 3


i =2:

0.5
2(1.5)

0.5
2(2.0)

0.5
2(2.5)


i =3:

i =4:


1+

0.5
2(1.5)

y1 + (2) y2 +

y3 = 10(0.52 )


1+

0.5
2(2.0)

y2 + (2) y3 +

y4 = 10(0.52 )


1+

0.5
2(2.5)

y3 + (2) y4 +

y5 = 10(0.52 )

10

Exam-Form

Rules

Basic Advices

IVP Exercise

BVP Exercise

Step 3 Boundary conditions: y1 = 1 we know from the Dirichlet boundary condition

given in the problem description. The value of y5 can be evaluated from the

approximation of dy
= 1.2 using three-point backward difference formula:
dx 
x=3

1.2(2 0.5)
4
1
dy 
y3 4y4 + 3y5
= 1.2 = y5 =
+ y4 y3


dx x=3
2x
3
3
3
Step 4 The final form of the system of linear algebraic equations:
2y2 + 1.167y3 = 2.5 0.83y1

0.9y3 2y4 + 1.1

0.875y2 2y3 + 1.125y4 = 2.5


1.2(2 0.5)
4
1
+ y4 y3 = 2.5
3
3
3

or
2y2 + 1.167y3 = 3.33
0.875y2 2y3 + 1.125y4 = 2.5
0.533 y3 0.533 y4 = 2.06

11

Exam-Form

Rules

Basic Advices

IVP Exercise

BVP Exercise

Step 5 Solving matrix equation using Gauss-Elimination method

2
0.875
0

1.167
2
0.533

0
y2
3.33
1.125 y3 = 2.5
0.533
y4
2.06

Gauss-Elimination calculations: ..........................

Final solution is y1 = 1, y2 = 14.9620, y3 = 22.7883, y4 = 26.6532,
y5 = 27.5415, where y5 = 0.4 + 34 y4 31 y3

12