A complete tutorial about IP Address

Let us begin with IP Addresses.

What is an IP Address?
? An Internet Protocol address is a
numerical label assigned to each
device (e.g., computer, mobile phone)
that is connected to a computer
network that uses the Internet
Protocol for communication.
? An IP address is used for two
purposes:
1) To identify whether the interface is
host or network.
2) To determine the location of the
device.
? IP Versions: IPv4 and IPv6.
Although IPv4 is the earlier version,
it is the most commonly used
version.
? IPv4 is a 32-bit decimal number
while IPv6 is 128-bit number.
? IPv4 is normally written as four
numbers between 1 and 255, each
separated from the other by a
decimal point.
This standard is called as DOTTEDDECIMAL NOTATION.
? Ex: 115.241.40.93
? There are countless IP addresses in
today's world!
-----------------------------------------------------------------------What is the purpose of IP Address
Classes?
Each IP Address Class provides the
following information:
? Class A: First 8 bits ? NETWORK ID
& remaining 24 bits ? HOST ID
? Class B: First 16 bits ? NETWORK
ID & remaining 16 bits ? HOST ID
? Class C: First 24 bits ? NETWORK
ID & remaining 8 bits ? HOST ID
? Class D: It represents a 32-bit
multicast group ID.
? Class E: It is currently not being
used. (NO need)
? For example,
Let us consider the IP Address
203.43.21.12
We know that it belongs to Class C.
Therefore, the NETWORK ID is
203.43.21 and the HOST ID is 12.