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Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is usually defined as the amount of dissolved oxygen (DO)
required by bacteria while stabilizing decomposable organic matter under aerobic conditions. It
is widely used to determine the pollutant strength of domestic and industrial wastes in terms of
dissolved oxygen (DO) that they require into natural water aerobics conditions. The term
decomposable may be interpreted as meaning that the organic matter can serve as food for
bacteria, and energy is derived from its oxidation. The changes or deflection of DO is the
measure of the degree of contamination of nature water. High BOD is an indication of poor water
quality. The standard oxidation test period for BOD is 5 days at 20C or stated as BOD 5 and can
be referred by using the Standard Methods for the Examination for Water and Wastewater. The
test can be done either manually by using standard laboratory BOD bottle or automatically by
BOD self-test.
OBJECTIVE
To measure the dissolved oxygen (DO) in the waste water at specified period of time and
temperature.
THEORY
APPARATUS AND MATERIAL
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Beakers
Bottles
Waste water
Distilled water
pH water
PROCEDURE
1. Water sample was collected from UTHM Lake.
3. By using the details as below, the sample size was determine using equation A and equation B.
a)
b)
c)
d)
BODx mg/L =
DiDf
P
Where,
Di = initial DO (mg/L)
Df = final DO (mg/L)
P = volume of samples used / total volume
Note :
1) DO in blanks should not deplete more than 0.2 mg/L
2) DO in sample should not less than 2 mg/L
3) Final DO in the samples should not less than 1 mg/L
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
1) Complete the table, what is the BOD of the sample?
Minimum
BOD ID
Volume
of Volume
of Initial
DO Final DO (mg/L)
sample (mL)
Dilution (mL)
(mg/L)
Sample 1
1.8
298.2
8.08
4.80
Sample 2
1.8
298.2
8.18
7.43
Sample 3
1.8
298.2
8.20
7.38
Sample 4
300
8.19
6.83
Sample 5
300
8.19
9.98
Maximum
BOD ID
Volume
Sample 1
Sample 2
Sample 3
Sample 4
Sample 5
sample (mL)
1.8
1.8
1.8
0
0
of Volume
Dilution (mL)
298.2
298.2
298.2
300
300
of Initial
(mg/L)
8.08
8.18
8.20
8.19
8.19
DO Final DO (mg/L)
4.80
7.43
7.38
6.83
9.98
2) In your opinion, is it possible to discharge the sample used in this test to be discharged to the
river? Give your reason.
DISCUSSION
1) Why BOD test should be done promptly after the collection?