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What Is Bilingualism??
Broad Definition
Narrow Definition
But...
We distinguish between
- infant
- child
- adolescent
- adult
Coordinate Bilingualism....
....Coordinate Bilingualism
Compound Bilingualism....
....Compound Bilingualism
Subordinate Bilingualism
Distractive Bilingualism
When acquisition of the first language
Acquisition
Are children of bilingual parents
linguistically at a risk?
2. Can their brains cope?
3. Will they grow up semilingual?
1.
Acquisition
There is no justification for this
pessimism!
2. By the time bi- or trilingual children enter
school the vast majority have reached
the same stage of linguistic development
as have their monolingual peers
1.
But!!
The process of learning two
languages is not exactly the same as
the acquisition of one language
Bilingual Acquisition....
1. The child builds up a list of words (as
does the monolingual child) but the list
contains words from both languages it
is rare for these words to be translation
equivalents of each other
....Bilingual Acquisition....
2.when sentences begin to contain more
that two or more elements, words from
both languages are used within the
same sentence the amount of mixing
rapidly declines (e.g. from 30 % at the
begin of the year to 5 % at the end of
the year)
....Bilingual Acquisition....
3.As vocabulary grows in each language,
....Bilingual Acquisition
- for a while a singe system of rules seems to
be used for both languages until finally the
two grammars diverge
- at this time the bilingual child is aware of the
fact that the two languages are not the same
Code-Switching....
....Code-Switching....
....Code-Switching....
....Code-Switching
Acceptance
Language Combinations