ME 202: Manufacturing

Technologies
Drilling and Reaming
Prepared by
Prof. Dr. S. Engin KILI

Given by
Dr. Volkan Esat
Middle East Technical University

Outline
Introduction
Drilling

Types of Drills
Drill Chucks

Drilling Machines
Reaming

Types of Reamers

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Operational Characteristics

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Drilling Tool

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Twist Drills

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Cone Angle in Twist Drills

Cone angle affects the direction of flow of
chips across the tool face and into the
flute.
Less than 90o: plastics
90o...118o: brittle materials: CI and Mg alloys
118o: mild steel
90o...135o: ductile materials: Alloy St, Al alloys

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Deep Hole Drills

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Trepanning Cutter
Used to make larger
diameter hole in thin
material
The main hole is
produced by the thin
cylindrical cutter or
saw which forms the
main body of the
cutter.
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Center Drill and Countersink

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Special Combination Drill

Step drills have a single set of flutes and is ground to

two or more diameters.
Subland drills have separate set of flutes, on a single
body, for each diameter or operation.
They provide better chip flow
Cutting edges can be ground to give proper cutting conditions
for each operation.
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Spade Drill

for making holes>25mm

low speed/high feed rates
main body more rigid, no flutes
cutting blade easier to sharpen

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Drilling Speeds and Feeds

1000 V
N
D
N:
V:
D:

Rotational Speed [rpm]

Cutting Speed [m/min]
Drill Diameter [mm]

NOTE: Cutting Speed (V) is the surface speed of the drill at its outer diameter
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Drill Chucks

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Drilling Machines

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Drilling Machines

Bench-type Drilling Machines

Upright Drilling Machines
Gang Drilling Machines
Turret-type Drilling Machines
Radial Drilling Machines
Multiple Spindle Drilling Machines
Deep-hole Drilling Machines
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Bench-Type Drilling Machine

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Upright Drilling Machine

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Gang Drilling Machine

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Turret Type Drilling Machine

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Radial Drilling Machine

a) Plain radial drilling machine (only vertical spindal motion)

b) Semiuniversal drilling machine (spindal head can be swung about a horizontal axis)
c) Universal drilling machine (additionally angular adjustment of radial arm is provided)
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Multiple Spindle Drilling Machine

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Deep Hole Drilling Machine

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Drilling Speeds and Feeds

h
T
f N
d
2

T:
h:
d:
f:
N:

Drilling time [min]

Hole depth [mm]
Hole Diameter [mm]
Feed [mm/rev]
Rotation speed [rpm]
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Drilling Speeds and Feeds

Section 9

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Reaming

0.1-0.4mm

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Reaming

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Types of Reamers
A

A and B: Machine (Chucking) reamer

(rose chucking reamer)
(fluted chucking reamer)
C: Taper reamer
D: Hand reamer
E: Expansion reamer
F: Shell reamer
G: Adjustable reamer

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Basic Design Guidelines

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Drilling Operation

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Twist Drill Operation

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Spade Drill
for making holes>25mm
low speed/high feed rates
deep holes in solids of stacked
materials
less expensive, long bar of
ordinary steel
drill point grindable to min.
chisel point
main body more rigid, no flutes
can be provided with oil holes
cutting blade easier to sharpen
often used to machine shallow
locating cone for subsequent
smaller drill, providing small bevel
to facilitate tappingor assembly
operations, eliminating deburring
particularly useful for mass
production and CNC machines
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Insert Drills

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Reaming

0.1-0.4mm

Feeds are much higher than those for

drilling: 0.04-0.1mm per flute
Speed is about 2/3 the speed for drilling

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Reaming

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