Purchasing Guide for Wellhead & Christmas Tree Equipment

WORLDWIDE EXPERTISE | GLOBAL STRENGTH

With Reference to API 6A, 20th Edition, Including Changes

in NACE MR0175/ISO 15156, 2009 Edition.

When coupled with Stream-Flo processes, API provisions and customer applications, this booklet
is intended to provide insight into API requirements for equipment and quality management
systems, and to provide a fundamental approach to the purchasing of equipment for the
petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries.

Table of Contents
API Specification 6A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Abbreviated Terms (Some Examples) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
API 6A Applicable Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Significant Differences Between API 19th and 20th Editions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Hydrostatic Body Test Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Plan-Do-Check-Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Continual Improvement of the Quality Management System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Standard Material Applications: Bodies, Bonnets and
End and Outlet Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Standard Material Property Requirements: Bodies, Bonnets and
End and Outlet Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Charpy V Notch Impact Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Temperature Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Material Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
API 6A Annex O: Material Class ZZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
More NACE Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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7
7
8
8
8

Product Specification Levels (PSL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

PSL Decision Tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
API Marking Requirements and Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Quality Control Requirements: Bodies, Bonnets, End and
Outlet Connections, and Hub End Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Thread Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Quality Control Requirements for Welding Bodies, Bonnets, and End
and Outlet Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Relative Corrosivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Relative Corrosiveness of Retained Fluids as Indicated
by CO2 Partial Pressure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Factors Affecting Behavior in H2S Containing Environments . . . . . . . .
Severity of Sour Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . 13
. . . . . . . . 13
. . . . . . . . 13
. . . . . . . . 14

The API Monogram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Performance Validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Criteria for Ordering, 20th Edition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
API Order Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

API Specification 6A
API Specification 6A (ISO 10423) is the recognized
industry standard for wellhead and christmas tree
equipment. It was formulated to provide for the
availability of safe, dimensionally and functionally
interchangeable wellhead and christmas tree
equipment. The specification includes detailed
requirements for the manufacture of tubular
suspension equipment, valves, and fittings used
at the location of oil and gas wells to contain and
control pressure and fluid flows.

Specification 6A also serves as the reference

source for the design of flanged end and outlet
connections for use at 2,000 to 20,000 psi
maximum rated working pressures and a family
of gate valves for use over these same pressure
ranges.
This booklet covers the 20th Edition with
references to the 19th Edition.

Abbreviated Terms (Some Examples)

AQL
CRA
DAC
ER
FEA
HAZ

Acceptable Quality Level

Corrosion Resistant Alloy
Distance Amplitude Curve
Equivalent Round
Finite Element Analysis
Heat Affected Zone

PR
PSL
QTC
RMS
RL
Rp

Performance Requirement
Product Specification Level
Qualification Test Coupon
Root Mean Square
Repair/Remanufacture Level
Yield Strength

HBW

Brinell Hardness

Rm

Ultimate Tensile Strength

HIP
HRB
HRC
NDE
NPT
OEC
OEM

Hot Isostatic Pressing

Rockwell Hardness Scale B
Rockwell Hardness Scale C
Nondestructive Examination
National Pipe Thread
Other End Connection
Original Equipment Manufacturer

ROE
SSV
TC
UNS
USV
WPQ
WPS

Radius of Exposure
Surface Safety Valve
Test Coupon
Unified Numbering System
Underwater Safety Valve
Welder Performance Qualification
Welding Procedure Specification

PQR

Procedure Qualification Record

PPM

Parts Per Million

API 6A Applicable Equipment

Wellhead Equipment
Casing head housing
Casing head spools
Tubing head spools
Cross-over spools
Multi-stage head housing

and spools
Connectors & Fittings
Cross-over connectors
Tubing head adaptors
Top connectors
Tees and crosses
Fluid sampling devices
Adaptor and spacer spools

Casing & Tubing Hangers
Mandrel hangers
Slip hangers

Valves & Chokes

Single valves
Multiple valves
Actuated valves
Valves prepared for actuators
Check valves
Chokes
Surface and underwater safety
valves and actuators
Back-pressure valves
Loose Connectors1
Weld neck connections
Blind connectors
Threaded connectors
Adaptor and spacer connections
Bullplugs
Valves removal plugs

Flanged, threaded, other end connectors
(OEC) and welded.

Other Equipment
Actuators
Clamp hubs
Pressure boundary penetrations
Ring gaskets
Running and testing tools2
Wear bushings2

See API 6A 20th Edition, Annex H

Note: API 6A defines service conditions in terms

of pressure, temperature and material
class for the well-bore constituents and
operating conditions.

Significant Differences Between API 19th and 20th Editions

Unlike the changes that were made between the 17th and 19th Editions, the changes in the 20th
Edition were relatively minor.
Pressure Recording Devices - A distinction has
been made between pressure measuring and
pressure recording devices. A pressure recording
device is not considered to be a pressure
measuring device unless it is being utilized as
both a measuring and recording device.
Removal of Material Class R - API has removed
the Material Class R temperature rating.
This temperature rating was used for room
temperature applications.
Castings no longer permitted for PSL-4 - Material
for PSL-4 equipment must be manufactured from
wrought products.
Visual Examination Personnel - Added
requirements for personnel performing visual
examination for acceptance to pass eye exam.

Quality Control Requirements for Welding

- This is one of the biggest changes to the API
6A Specification. The table controlling the
quality control requirements for welding was
re-organized and restructured to categorize
welding differently. Welding is now grouped into
Pressure-containing, Non-pressure-containing,
Pressure-containing repairs, Weld metal overlay
- partial, and Weld metal overlay - full overlay.
This, along with the changes to the inspection
requirements, are a fundamental change in how
welding is controlled and monitored.
Design Validation - Terminology changed from
Design Verification to Design Validation.
Hard facing and Overlay of Valve-Bore Sealing
Mechanisms - The property control requirements
for hard facing and the weld overlay of valve-bore
sealing mechanisms, choke trim and valve stems
have been relaxed.

API Table 31

Working
Pressure
Rating
MPa (psi)
13.8
(2,000)
20.7
(3,000)
34.5
(5,000)
69.0
(10,000)
103.5
(15,000)
138.0
(20,000)

Hydrostatic Body Test Pressure

End and Outlet Connections
Nominal Flange Size
Casing Threads
Line Pipe
mm (in)
mm (in)
and
5
3
Tubing
425 (16 /4)
114.3 - 273.1 298.5 - 339.7 406.5 - 508.0
346 (13 /8)
Threads
(16 - 20)
and smaller
and larger
(41/2 - 103/4) (113/4 - 133/8)
MPa (psi)
MPa (psi)
MPa (psi)
MPa (psi)
MPa (psi)
MPa (psi)
27.6
20.7
27.6
27.6
27.6
15.5
(4,000)
(3,000)
(4,000)
(4,000)
(4,000)
(2,250)
41.5
31.0
41.5
41.5
31.0
(6,000)
(4,500)
(6,000)
(6,000)
(4,500)
51.7
51.7
51.7
51.7
(7,500)
(7,500)
(7,500)
(7,500)
103.5
103.5
103.5
(15,000)
(15,000)
(15,000)
155.0
155.0
(22,500)
(22,500)
207.0
(30,000)

Plan-Do-Check-Act
The model of a process-based quality management system illustrates that our customers play a
significant role in defining requirements as inputs. Monitoring of customer satisfaction requires the
evaluation of information relating to customer perception as to whether the organization has met
customer requirements.
The Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) can be applied to all processes:
Plan
Do
Check
Act

Establish the objectives and processes necessary to deliver results in accordance with customer
requirements and the organizations policies.
Implement the processes.
Monitor and measure the processes and product against policies, objectives and requirements
for the product and report the results.
Take actions to continually improve process performance.

Continual Improvement of the

Quality Management System
Management
Responsibility

Customers
Requirements

Measurement,
Analysis and
Improvement

Resource
Management

input

Product
Realization
information flow

Product

output

Customers
Satisfaction

API 6A, Table 5

Loose
Connectors

Integral End
Connection

Standard Material Applications

Bodies, Bonnets, and End and Outlet Connections

Pressure Ratings MPa (psi)
13.8
20.7
34.5
69.0
103.5
138.0
Part
(2,000)
(3,000)
(5,000)
(10,000)
(15,000)
(20,000)
Body a,
36K, 45K,
36K, 45K,
36K, 45K,
36K, 45K,
45K, 60K,
60K,
b
Bonnet
60K, 75K, NS 60K, 75K, NS 60K, 75K, NS 60K, 75K, NS
75K, NS
75K, NS
flange
60K, 75K, NS 60K, 75K, NS 60K, 75K, NS 60K, 75K, NS
75K, NS
75K, NS
threaded 60K, 75K, NS 60K, 75K, NS 60K, 75K, NS
NA
NA
NA
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
other
welding
45K
45K
45K
60K, 75K, NS
75K, NS
75K, NS
neck
blind
60K, 75K, NS 60K, 75K, NS 60K, 75K, NS 60K, 75K, NS
75K, NS
75K, NS
threaded 60K, 75K, NS 60K, 75K, NS 60K, 75K, NS
NA
NA
NA
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
other
a
If end connections are of the material designation indicated, welding is in accordance with Clause 6
and design is in accordance with Clause 4.
b
NS indicates nonstandard materials.
c
As specified by manufacturer.

API 6A, Table 6

Material
Designation
36K
45K
60K
75K

Standard Material Property Requirements

Bodies, Bonnets, and End and Outlet Connections
0.2% Yield Strength Tensile Strength
Elongation in
min MPa (psi)
min MPa (psi)
50 mm (2 in) min %
248 (36,000)
483 (70,000)
21
310 (45,000)
483 (70,000)
19
414 (60,000)
586 (85,000)
18
517 (75,000)
655 (95,000)
17

Reduction in
Area min %
no requirements
32
35
35

API 6A, Table 7

Charpy V Notch Impact Requirements
(10 mm x 10 mm)
Minimum Average Impact Value
Temperature
Traverse Direction J (ft lb)
Temp Class
Test Temp C (F)
PSL 1
PSL 2
PSL 3 and PSL 4
K
-60 (-75)
20 (15)
20 (15)
20 (15)
L
N
P
S
T
U
V

-46 (-50)
-46 (-50)
-29 (-20)
-18 (0)
-18 (0)
-18 (0)
-18 (0)

20 (15)
20 (15)
-

20 (15)
20 (15)
20 (15)
-

20 (15)
20 (15)
20 (15)
20 (15)
20 (15)
20 (15)
20 (15)

Temperature Ratings
API 6A, Table 2
Temperature
Classification
K
L
N

Operating Range

(min) C (max)

(min) F (max)
-60 82
-75 180
-46 82
-50 180
-46 60
-50 140

P
-29 82
-20 180
S
-18 60
0 140
T
-18 82
0 180
U
-18 121
0 250
V
2 121
35 250
1
X
-18 180
0 350
1
Y
-18 345
0 650
1
Reference Annex G for details of design and temperature rating of equipment for use at elevated
temperatures.
Note: Annex G is not intended as a material selection guide for high temperature use. Some alloys are
embrittled after repeated or prolonged exposure to elevated temperatures. Care should be used
in selection of alloys for these ratings. If plated or coated materials are used at temperatures
greater than 180 C (350 F), cracking potential can be increased.

Pressure Ratings
API Pressure Rating in MPa
13.8
20.7
34.5
69.0
103.5
138.0

Pressure Rating for Class K to U

MPa (psi)
13.8 (2,000)
20.7 (3,000)
34.5 (5,000)

API Pressure Rating in PSI

2,000
3,000
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000

De-rated Pressure
Class X MPa (psi)
Class Y MPa (psi)
13.1 (1,905)
9.9 (1,430)
19.7 (2,860)
14.8 (2,145)
32.8 (4,765)
24.7 (3,575)

Material Classes
Minimum Material Requirements
Material Class
Body, Bonnet, End &
Pressure-Controlling Parts,
Outlet Connections
Stems & Mandrel Hangers
AA - General Service
Carbon or Low-alloy Steel
Carbon or Low-alloy Steel
BB - General Service
Carbon or Low-alloy Steel
Stainless Steel
CC - General Service
Stainless Steel
Stainless Steel
a
b
DD - Sour Service
Carbon or Low-alloy Steel
Carbon or Low-alloy Steel b
EE - Sour Service a
Carbon or Low alloy Steel b
Stainless Steel b
FF - Sour Service a
Stainless Steel
Stainless Steel b
HH - Sour Service a
CRAs bcd
CRAs bcd
ZZ - Sour Service
User Defined
User Defined
a
As defined by NACE MR0175/ISO 15156.
b
In compliance with NACE MR0175/ISO 15156.
c
CRA required on retained fluid wetted surfaces only. CRA cladding of low alloy or stainless steel is
permitted.
d
CRA as defined in Clause 3 of API 6A 20th Edition. NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 definition of CRA does
not apply.

API 6A Annex O: Material Class ZZ

NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 includes provisions for the qualification of materials for a specific sour service
application that is outside the parameters defined in that standard by means of testing or documented
field history. This can include NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 or the use of materials not addressed in NACE
MR0175/ISO 15156. For such sour service applications, equipment may be described and marked as
Material Class ZZ.
It is the responsibility of the purchaser to evaluate and determine the applicability of the documented
data for the intended application. For Material Class ZZ, the manufacturer shall meet material
specifications supplied or approved by the purchaser and shall maintain traceable records to document
the materials of construction, regardless of PSL.

More NACE Information

Material Classes DD, EE, FF and HH require compliance to NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 and responsibility
for the choice rests with the purchaser.
Examples of Designations
Class FF-1.5 means:
a) Material class FF
b) Rated at 1.5 psia H2S maximum allowable partial pressure
Class NL means:
a) Where no H2S limit is defined by NACE, NL shall be used for marking (i.e. DD-NL).
8

Product Specification Levels (PSL)

API Specification 6A (ISO 10423) recommends product
specification levels (PSLs) for equipment with quality
control requirements for various service conditions. PSLs
apply to primary equipment:

Tubing heads
Tubing hangers, hanger couplings
Tubing head adapters
Lower master valves

All other wellhead parts are classified as secondary. The

PSL for secondary equipment may be the same or less

PSL Decision Tree

Recommended minimum PSL for primary parts of wellhead and christmas tree equipment.

Start

Rated working
pressure

103.5 MPa
(15,000 psi)

<103.5 MPa
(15,000 psi)

PSL
High H2S
concentration?

yes

3G

no
Gas well?

yes

3G

no
NACE MR0175?

yes

High H2S
concentration?

yes

no

no

Gas well?

Rated working
pressure

34.5 MPa
(5,000 psi)
yes

Rated working
pressure

Rated working
pressure
Rated working
pressure

34.5 MPa
(5,000 psi)

3
Gas well?
no

>34.5 MPa (5,000 psi)

>34.5 MPa (5,000 psi)

34.5 MPa (5,000 psi)

Gas well?

yes

yes

3G
3
2

34.5 MPa (5,000 psi)

no

>34.5 MPa
(5,000 psi)

>34.5 MPa
(5,000 psi)

3
2
2
1
3

no
2
1

API 6A, Table 39

API Marking Requirements and Locations
Location
Marking

API 6A / ISO 10423

Temperature
class or
rating (4.2.2)

Material class
(4.2.3)

Wellhead
Equipment

Connectors
and Fittings

Casting and
Tubing
Hangers

Loose
Connectors

Valves and
Chokes

Actuators

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body

OD of
connector

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body
(actuators
containing
retained fluid)

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body
(actuators
containing
retained fluid)

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body

OD of
connector

OD of
connector

Product
specification
level (1.4)

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body

OD of
connector

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body
(actuators
containing
retained fluid)

Performance
requirement level
(4.1)

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body

Nominal size
(bore if required)

Nameplate or
body, and
connector OD

Nameplate or
body, and
connector OD

Nameplate
and/or body

OD of
connector

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body

Thread size
(threaded
products only)

Nameplate or
body, and/or
near each
thread

Nameplate or
body, and/or
near each
thread

Nameplate
and/or
near each
connector

OD of
connector

Nameplate or
body, and/or
near each
thread

End and outlet

connector size

Nameplate or
body, and
each
connector OD

Nameplate or
body, and
each
connector OD

OD of
connector

Nameplate
and/or body

Rated working
pressure (4.2.1)

Nameplate or
body, and
each
connector OD

Nameplate or
body, and
each
connector OD

OD of
connector

Nameplate or
body, and
each
connector
OD

Ring gasket type

and number

Near each
connector

Near each
connector

OD of
connector

Near each
connector

Date of
manufacture

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body

OD of
connector

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body

Manufacturers
name or mark

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body

OD of
connector

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body

Serial number
(if applicable)

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body

OD of
connector

Nameplate
and/or body

Nameplate
and/or body

Hardness test
values
(if applicable)

Adjacent to
test location

Adjacent to
test location

Adjacent to
test location

Adjacent to
test location

Adjacent to
test location

Adjacent to
test location

10

API 6A, Table 17

Quality Control Requirements
Bodies, Bonnets, End and Outlet Connections, and Hub End Connectors
Subclause Reference
Parameter
PSL 1
PSL 2
PSL 3/3G
PSL 4
Tensile Testing
7.4.2.1.1
7.4.2.2.1
7.4.2.2.1
7.4.2.2.1
Impact Testing
7.4.2.1.2
7.4.2.2.2
7.4.2.3.2
7.4.2.4.2
Hardness Testing
7.4.2.1.3
7.4.2.2.3
7.4.2.3.3
7.4.2.3.3
NACE MR0175
7.4.1.5
7.4.1.5
7.4.1.5
7.4.1.5
Dimensional Verification
7.4.2.1.4
7.4.2.1.4
7.4.2.3.4
7.4.2.3.4
Traceability
7.4.2.2.5
7.4.2.3.5
7.4.2.3.5
Chemical Analysis
7.4.2.2.6
7.4.2.2.6
7.4.2.2.6
Visual Examination
7.4.2.1.5
7.4.2.1.5
7.4.2.2.7
Surface NDE
7.4.2.2.8
7.4.2.3.8
7.4.2.3.8
7.4.2.2.9
Weld NDE
No welding
General
7.4.2.1.6
7.4.2.1.6
7.4.2.1.6
permitted

except for
weld overlays
(see 7.4.2.4.9)
Serialization
7.4.2.3.14
7.4.2.3.14
Volumetric NDE
7.4.2.3.15
7.4.2.4.11
Note: Stems, Hangers and Valve Bore Sealing Mechanisms have their own tables.

Thread Markings
The thread type marking in accordance with
ISO 11960 shall be as follows:
STC
LC
BC
XL
LP
NU
EU

Casing: short thread

Casing: long thread
Casing: buttress
Casing: extreme line
Line pipe
Tubing: non-upset
Tubing: external upset

11

API 6A, Table 18

Quality Control Requirements for Welding Bodies,
Bonnets, and End and Outlet Connections
Weld Type
Stages
PSL 1
PSL 2
PSL 3/3G
PSL 4
Pressure-containing Preparation
Visual
7.4.2.1.5
Completion
Visual
7.4.2.2.11
7.4.2.2.11
no welding
Surface NDE
7.4.2.2.12
7.4.2.3.11
permitted
Volumetric NDE
7.4.2.2.14
7.4.2.3.12
Hardness test
7.4.2.3.13
Non-pressure
Preparation
containing
Visual
7.4.2.1.5
Completion
no welding
Visual
7.4.2.2.11
7.4.2.2.11
permitted
Hardness test
7.4.2.3.13
Pressure containing Preparation
repairs
Surface NDE
7.4.2.2.13
7.4.2.2.13
Completion
Visual
7.4.2.2.11
7.4.2.2.11
no welding
Surface NDE
7.4.2.2.12
7.4.2.3.11
permitted
Volumetric NDE
7.4.2.2.14
7.4.2.3.12
Hardness test
7.4.2.3.13
Weld metal overlay Preparation
- partial overlay
Surface NDE
7.4.2.3.8
7.4.2.4.8
Completion
Surface NDE
7.4.2.2.12
7.4.2.3.11
7.4.2.4.8
Weld metal overlay Preparation
- full overlay
Visual
7.4.2.1.5
7.4.2.1.5
7.4.2.1.5
7.4.2.1.5
Completion
Visual
7.4.2.2.11 7.4.2.2.11
7.4.2.2.11
7.4.2.2.11
Surface NDE
7.4.2.2.12 7.4.2.2.12
7.4.2.3.11
7.4.2.4.8
Volumetric NDE
7.4.2.1.7
7.4.2.1.7
Note: Preparation refers to surface preparation, joint preparation, fit up and preheat.

Completion refers to all welding, post-weld heat treat and machining, except for volumetric
NDE, which shall done prior to machining that would limit effective interpretation of results.

12

Relative Corrosivity
There are many factors that contribute to the
corrosivity of a system. The most prominent of
these are:
a) Temperature
b) H2S (Partial Pressure)
c) pH
d) Chloride ion concentration
e) Water production and composition
f ) Types and relative amounts of produced
hydrocarbons
g) Oxygen levels
h) CO2 levels (Partial Pressure)
Finally, the purchaser should consider future service of the well when selecting a material class. This
should not be limited to anticipated changes in the produced fluids or increased water production
with or without increased chloride content, but also should include consideration of operations such as
acidification or other well treatments.

Retained Fluids
General service
General service
General service
Sour service
Sour service
Sour service

Relative Corrosiveness of Retained Fluids

as Indicated by CO2 Partial Pressure
Retained Fluids
Retained Fluids Mpa
Noncorrosive
<0.05
Slightly corrosive
0.05 to 0.21
Moderately to
>0.21
highly corrosive
Noncorrosive
<0.05
Slightly corrosive
0.05 to 0.21
Moderately to
>0.21
highly corrosive

Retained Fluids (psia)

(<7)
(7 to 30)
(>30)
(<7)
(7 to 30)
(>30)

Factors Affecting Behavior in H2S Containing Environments

The behavior of carbon and low alloy steels in H2S containing environments is affected by complex
interactions of parameters, including the following:
a) Chemical composition, method of manufacture, product form, strength, hardness of the material and
its local variations, amount of cold work, heat treatment condition, microstructure, microstructural
uniformity, grain size and cleanliness of the material
b) H2S partial pressure or equivalent concentration in the water phase
c) Chloride ion concentration in the water phase
d) Acidity (pH) of the water phase
e) Presence of sulphur or other oxidants
f ) Exposure to production fluid

13

Severity of Sour Environment

determined in accordance with NACE MR0175/ISO 15156-1 with respect to SSC of a carbon or low
alloy steel
0.3 kPa
(0.05 psi)

6.5

in situ pH

5.5

1
0
2

4.5

3
3.5
2.5

0.1

10

100

Key
0 Region 0
1 SSC Region 1
2 SSC Region 2
3 SSC Region 3

1000

H2S partial pressure, kPa

In defining the severity of the H2S containing environment, the possibility of exposure to unbuffered
condensed aqueous phases of low pH during upset operating conditions or downtime, or to acids used
for well stimulation and/or the back flow of stimulation acid after reaction should be considered.
Note 1:

Note 2:
Note 3:

The discontinuities in the figure below 0.3 kPa (0.05 psi) and above 1 MPa (150 psi)
partial pressure H2S reflect uncertainty with respect to the measurement of H2 S partial
pressure (low H2S) and steels performance outside these limits (both low and high H2S).
Guidance on the calculation of H2S partial pressure is given in Annex C.
Guidance on the calculation of pH is given in Annex D.

The cracking behavior of CRAs and other alloys in H2S containing environments can be affected by
complex interactions of parameters, including the following:
a) Chemical composition, strength, heat treatment, microstructure, method of manufacture and
finished condition of the materials
b) H2S partial pressure or equivalent dissolved concentration in the water phase
c) Acidity (in situ pH) of the water phase
d) Chloride or other halide ion concentration
e) Presence of oxygen, sulphur or other oxidants
f ) Exposure temperature
g) Pitting resistance of the material in the service environment
h) Galvanic effects
i) Total tensile stress (applied plus residual)
j) Exposure time
These factors shall be considered when using this part of NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 for the selection of
materials suitable for environments containing H2S in oil and gas production systems.

14

The API Monogram

In order to receive the authorization for applying the API monogram, Stream-Flos
facilities and our quality management system are audited, approved and licensed by
the American Petroleum Institute. The API monogram and license number are our
customers assurance that Stream-Flo is in compliance with all the applicable API
requirements, and it signifies to our customers that they are receiving good quality
products and services.

Performance Validation

Certificate 6A-0053
Certificate 6D-0008

The performance requirements apply to all

products being manufactured and delivered for
service. The performance verification procedures
are to be applied to designs of products, including
design changes. Verification testing specified
is intended to be performed on prototypes or
production models.
A design that undergoes a substantive change
becomes a new design requiring performance
verification. A substantive change is a change
identified by the manufacturer which affects
the performance of the product in the intended
service condition. This may include changes in fit,
form, function or material.

15

Criteria for Ordering, 20th Edition

Pressure Class API holds user responsible for choosing class
Temperature Class API holds user responsible for choosing class
Material Class API holds user responsible for choosing class
PSL (Product Specification Level) API recommends PSLs to the user
PR (Performance Requirement) API requires cycle testing of designs
When ordering, please use this wellhead equipment data sheet.
Well names and location(s):
PSL:

PR Level:

Material Class:
Rated
pressure:

Maximum operating pressure:
Wellworking
names and
location(s):
Temperature
ranges
anticipated:

Maximum operating pressure:
Minimum
flowing
fluid temperature
at wellhead:
Anticipated
wellhead
shut-in pressure:
Anticipated
completion
or future work over or recovery operations which would affect pressure, temperature
Temperature
ranges anticipated:
or fluid content:
Maximum flowing fluid temperature at wellhead
New values:
Anticipated composition of produced fluids: CO (mg) Chlorides
Are there any government regulations that apply or2 must be met by this equipment? Yes
No
(mg) H2S (mg) other
If so, which one(s)?
Anticipated
Water
or brine completion
pH: or future workover or recovery operations which would affect pressure,
temperature
or fluid
content:
Will scale, paraffin,
corrosion
or other types of inhibitors be used?
Yes
No
New
values:
Inhibitor type: Inhibitor carrier:
Are or
there
any government
regulations
that apply or must be met by this equipment?
Batch
continuous
inhibition?

so, which one(s):
WillIf acidification
be performed?
Yes
No
Type of Acid:
Water
or
brine
pH:
Anticipated rates: m3/d Oil/Condensate
Does NACE MR0175 apply?

m3/d Gas

m3/d Sand and Water (S&W)
Will scale, paraffin, corrosion or other types of inhibitors be used?

Steaminhibition?
Volume
Inhibitor type:
Inhibitor carrier:
Batch or continuous
acidification
be performed?
Type of acid: Anticipated cause:
WillWill
erosion
be a concern?

Yes
No
Anticipated
production
rates:
m3/d
oil/condensate
External
coating?
Yes No Type:


m3/d
gas
Internal
coating? Yes No Type:

Delivery
requirements:

m3/d sand and water (S&W)
Special
shipping,
and storageCause:
instructions:
Will erosion
bepacking
a concern?
Anticipated
wellhead shut-in
External coating?
Yes pressure:
type
No
Does
NACEcoating?
MR 0175 apply?
Yes
No
Internal
Yes type
No
Anticipated
composition of produced fluids: CO2:
H2S:
Delivery requirements:
Chlorides:

Other:
Special shipping, packing and storage instructions:
Other Comments / Information:

Casing Program
Top
Casing Program
TopJoint
JointininString
String
Size(OD)
(OD) kg/m
kg/m
(lb/ft) Grade
Grade
Connection
Total String



Size
(lb/ft)
Connection
Total String
Hanging WTBit Size
Bit Size

Hanging
WT
mm
(in)
daN (lbs)
mm (in)

daN
(lbs)
Conductor
Conductor
Surface Casing
Surface Casing
Protective
ProtectiveCasing
Casing
Production
Casing
Production Casing
Tubing
Tubing
Completion
Type: single
or multiple Multiple
Type
of Completion:
Single
ForFor
more
information,
please
contact
Stream-Flo
at (403)
269-5531
or www.streamflo.com
more
information,
please
contact
Stream-Flo
at (403)
269-5531
or info@streamflo.com.
16

Head Office and Manufacturing Facility

4505-74 Avenue
Edmonton, Alberta, T6B 2H5
t 780.468.6789
f 780.469.7724
Sales and Marketing Office
400 Bow Valley Square One
202 - 6 Avenue SW
Calgary, Alberta, T2P 2R9
t 403.269.5531
f 403.266.3307
United States Wellhead & Valve Business Units
8726 Fallbrook Drive
Houston, Texas USA 77064
t 713.690.2789
f 281.517.0007
Stream-Flo Middle East DMCC
Unit 1008, Platinum Tower, Jumeirah Lakes Towers
Sheikh Zayed Road
Dubai, United Arab Emirates
PO Box: 2562
t +971.4.5520907
f +971.4.5520920

www.streamflo.com

WORLDWIDE EXPERTISE | GLOBAL STRENGTH

Stream-Flo Group of Companies