China Human Rights Negative

Table of content

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Table of content
Glossary........................................................................................................................2
Inherency .....................................................................................................................3

Decision Framing .........................................................................................................4

Solvency
Solvency Frontline ........................................................................................................7
Extension- US cannot effect Chinese laws..................................................................10
Extension- Lack of enforcement..................................................................................11
Extension- Current Policy Fixes the Problem...............................................................12
Human Rights Advantage
Human Rights Frontline ..............................................................................................13
Extension- US lacks credibility....................................................................................15
Extension- Engagement on human rights causes backlash........................................16

Party Stability Disadvantage Link...............................................................................17

Extension- Party Stability Disadvantage Link..............................................................18

China Human Rights Negative

Table of content

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Glossary
Human Rights- Human rights is a principle of international politics that sets out guidelines for how
governments ought to treat their people. It is meant to protect and preserve human dignity.
Cost-benefit Analysis- Cost benefit analysis refers to a framework for evaluating the debate round.
Under a cost-benefit analysis framework, the judge has to weight the outcome of one policy against
the outcome of another policy.
Deontology- The understanding of a nature of duty and obligation
Utilitarianism- The belief that the most good should be done for the most people.
Dictatorship- A state ruled by a dictator
Moral imperative- A strongly felt principle that compels a person to act
Consequentialism- The belief that the morality of an action is to be judged by its consequences
Genocide- Deliberately killing a large group of people, especially of a particular ethnic group or
nation
Authoritarianism- a form of government controlled by a central power with limited political freedoms
Subjugated groups- A group of people whom freedoms are taken away from by another group of
people
Diplomacy- managing international relations

China Human Rights Negative

Table of content

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Inherency Frontline
1. The U.S. has already substantially increased its diplomatic efforts with China over human
rights issues. The affirmative changes nothing and does not meet their burden of proving the
resolution necessary.
HRF 2012 -Human Rights First, nonpartisan international human rights organization based in New
York and Washington D.C. To maintain our independence, How to Integrate Human Rights into U.S.China Relations https://www.ciaonet.org/attachments/24330/uploads
Under the Obama Administration, human rights have remained a contentious issue on the U.S.
agenda with China. Administration officials, including the president, have pressed Chinese
officials publicly and privately on a variety of issues, including free speech, Internet
freedoms, and policies toward the Tibetan people, as well as raising cases of specific activists
and human rights defenders. The annual Human Rights Dialogue with China, which was
suspended by the Chinese for nearly four years during the Bush Administration, has restarted.
While the State Department maintains the lead on human rights issues, other agencies such as the
Departments of Labor and Justice have been brought into the dialogue. At the grassroots level, the
administration has continued to fund a broad array of programs in the areas of democracy,
rule of law, civil society development, sustainable development, environmental protection,
cultural preservation in Tibet, and health. Notwithstanding these efforts, the administration has
struggled to define the place of human rights on the larger agenda with China. It came into office
determined to have, as Secretary Clinton put it, a positive and cooperative relationship with China in
order to elicit Chinese cooperation on a panoply of global and bilateral issues. To this end, the
administration signaled throughout its first year that cooperation with China would take precedence
over human rights. However, it gradually stepped back from this careful approach when it became
clear by the end of 2010 that Chinese cooperation on other issues was not forthcoming. The policy
reversal was manifest in President Obamas meeting with the Dalai Lama, which had been
previously postponed; the administrations outspokenness on the detention of human rights
activist Liu Xiaobo; the presidents remarks in his state summit in 2011 with Chinese President
Hu Jintao; and in the Chen Guangcheng case. In so doing, the administration sent a clear
signal to Chinese leaders of the importance the United States places on human rights and
those in China who are risking their lives and that of their families to advocate for them.

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Decision Framing

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Decision Framing (1/3)

1. You should choose the greatest good for the greatest amount of people. Even when
evaluating obligation, you would inevitability have to weigh the claims based on costs and
benefits. This is the only fair and rational method for evaluating the debate.
Green, 02 Assistant Professor Department of Psychology Harvard University (Joshua, November
2002 "The Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Truth About Morality And What To Do About It", 314)
Some people who talk of balancing rights may think there is an algorithm for deciding which rights
take priority over which. If thats what we mean by 302 balancing rights, then we are wise to shun
this sort of talk. Attempting to solve moral problems using a complex deontological algorithm is
dogmatism at its most esoteric, but dogmatism all the same. However, its likely that when
some people talk about balancing competing rights and obligations they are already
thinking like consequentialists in spite of their use of deontological language. Once again,
what deontological language does best is express the thoughts of people struck by strong, emotional
moral intuitions: It doesnt matter that you can save five people by pushing him to his death. To do
this would be a violation of his rights!19 That is why angry protesters say things like, Animals
Have Rights, Too! rather than, Animal Testing: The Harms Outweigh the Benefits! Once
again, rights talk captures the apparent clarity of the issue and absoluteness of the answer.
But sometimes rights talk persists long after the sense of clarity and absoluteness has faded. One
thinks, for example, of the thousands of children whose lives are saved by drugs that were tested on
animals and the rights of those children. One finds oneself balancing the rights on both sides
by asking how many rabbit lives one is willing to sacrifice in order to save one human life, and
so on, and at the end of the day ones underlying thought is as thoroughly consequentialist as
can be, despite the deontological gloss. And whats wrong with that? Nothing, except for the fact
that the deontological gloss adds nothing and furthers the myth that there really are rights, etc. Best
to drop it. When deontological talk gets sophisticated, the thought it represents is either
dogmatic in an esoteric sort of way or covertly consequentialist.

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Decision Framing

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Decision Framing (2/3)

2. The judge must take into account human survival. If we win that our arguments will save the
most amount of people this is the only moral imperative the judge should consider
Nye, 1986 (Joseph S. 1986; Phd Political Science Harvard. University; Served as Assistant Secretary
of Defense for International Security Affairs; Nuclear Ethics pg. 45-46)
Is there any end that could justify a nuclear war that threatens the survival of the species ? Is
not all-out nuclear war just as self contradictory in the real world as pacifism is accused of being?
Some people argue that "we are required to undergo gross injustice that will break many
souls sooner than ourselves be the authors of mass murder."73 Still others say that "when a
person makes survival the highest value, he has declared that there is nothing he will not betray. But
for a civilization to sacrifice itself makes no sense since there are not survivors to give
meaning to the sacrifical [sic] act. In that case, survival may be worth betrayal." Is it possible
to avoid the "moral calamity of a policy like unilateral disarmament that forces us to choose
between being dead or red (while increasing the chances of both )"?74 How one judges the issue
of ends can be affected by how one poses the questions. If one asks "what is worth a billion lives
(or the survival of the species)," it is natural to resist contemplating a positive answer. But suppose
one asks, "is it possible to imagine any threat to our civilization and values that would justify
raising the threat to a billion lives from one in ten thousand to one in a thousand for a specific
period?" Then there are several plausible answers, including a democratic way of life and cherished
freedoms that give meaning to life beyond mere survival. When we pursue several values
simultaneously, we face the fact that they often conflict and that we face difficult tradeoffs. If
we make one value absolute in priority, we are likely to get that value and little else. Survival is
a necessary condition for the enjoyment of other values, but that does not make it sufficient .
Logical priority does not make it an absolute value. Few people act as though survival were an
absolute value in their personal lives, or they would never enter an automobile. We can give survival
of the species a very high priority without giving it the paralyzing status of an absolute value.
Some degree of risk is unavoidable if individuals or societies are to avoid paralysis and
enhance the quality of life beyond mere survival. The degree of that risk is a justifiable topic of
both prudential and moral reasoning.

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Decision Framing

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Decision Framing (3/3)

3. Evaluating consequences is the best for protecting religious and ethnic minoritiesTrachtenberg, 1985
Marc, professor in the department of history at the University of Pennsylvania. He also teaches
political science courses. Source: Ethics, Vol. 95, No. 3, Special Issue: Symposium on Ethics and
Nuclear Deterrence (Apr., 1985), pp. 728-739 Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2381047
No one today would defend slavery, of course; but the more I thought about it, the clearer it
seemed that before the Civil War one should have indeed tried to balance all the relevant
considerations: that the institution of slavery was not so absolute an evil that it was morally
imperative to do whatever was necessary to eradicate it immediately, without regard to any
other consideration. In fact, if it was obvious that it would take a war-as it turned out, a long and
gruesome war-to abolish slavery, the suffering and anguish that that war would produce should
certainly have been taken into account. And one should have given some thought to what
would happen to the ex-slaves, even in the event that the North were to win: if one could
predict that there was a good chance that slavery would be replaced by another brutal and
repressive system-by in fact the kind of system that took root in the South after
Reconstruction- then this too should have been entered into the balance. And it also would have
made sense to look at just how brutal the slave system was: there are different degrees of
loathsomeness, and this could have made a difference in one's assessments. (Questions of degree
are of course crucial if we are interested in striking a balance.) Finally, arguments about peaceful
alternatives -the bidding up of the price of slaves by the federal government, for instance, to make the
institution economically irrational in comparison with free labor-would certainly have had a place;
historical experience-an analysis of the peaceful way slavery had in fact been ended in the British
Empire is the most obvious case-might also have played a central role. Why shouldn't these things
all be taken into account? Are we so convinced of the rightness of our personal moral values that
we can turn a blind eye to the kinds of considerations that might moderate the force of our
commitment? One wonders even whether it can ever be truly moral to simply refuse to weigh
these sorts of factors seriously. One can take the argument a step further by means of a
hypothetical example. Suppose, in this case, that the Southerners had told the abo- litionists
that, if the North did come down to free the slaves, before they arrived the slaves would all be
killed. Certainly at this point considerations other than the moral impermissibility of slavery would
have to be taken into account. In such a case, an absolutist position-that the institution of
slavery was so great an evil that it had to be rooted out without regard to consequencereveals itself as inhuman and, indeed, as morally pre- posterous. There has to be some point
where issues of balance become morally salient; and thus in general these basic moral issues
have to be approached in nonabsolutist-and by that I mean more than just non- deontologicalterms.

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Solvency

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Solvency Frontline (1/3)

1. First, the affirmative cannot solve their advantages- The U.S. is not the appropriate actoronly international labor organizations can investigate the extent of labor rights abuses
Levin 2002- SANDER LEVIN, A U.S. REPRESENTATIVE FROM MICHIGAN Gpo.gov
2002https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CHRG-107hhrg78790/html/CHRG-107hhrg78790.htm
That brings us back to this fundamental problem that I think this Commission is going to
face, and that is getting access to good, accurate, solid information on the ground in terms
of what is actually happening, and where there are opportunities for change. The labor disputes
that reach the western press are just the tip of the iceberg. You know if you read the official
Chinese media, there are tens of thousands of labor disputes every year, and they have been
increasing in the last few years. Many of them are very quickly resolved. The Chinese
government says, pay off the workers, give them their owed wages, get them off the street. If
they continue to stir up trouble, yes, detain or arrest them, or put them into a reeducation camp.
This is why I stressed access to China by the ILO, by this Commission in terms of having
someone on the ground based in the American embassy. I think it is going to be fundamental for
you to come up with a viable strategy to do precisely what you think you want to do.

2. Second, the affirmative cannot change domestic labor laws in China- without reforming
domestic labor laws in China, labor rights abuses will continue
Qiang 2002- Xiao Qiang, executive Director of Human Rights in China, Gpo.gov
2002https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CHRG-107hhrg78790/html/CHRG-107hhrg78790.htm
I think in a very practical way, there clearly are areas, for example, having to do with worker health
and safety in the coal mining industry in China, for example, where there are a huge number of
deaths and casualties, where China would probably welcome some forms of bilateral assistance
and/or support. That is relatively easy. That does not hinge on or touch on the far more
sensitive political issues that have to do with, for example, reforming the labor law to make it
possible for workers to organize their own independent trade unions. That is now, as you
know, illegal.

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Solvency

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Solvency Frontline (2/3)

3. Third, trade talks do not solve labor rights concerns- engagement only works with smaller
democracies, not big dictatorships like China. - Prefer our evidence it cites a comprehensive
study from an economics professor at Harvard
Freeman 1997, Richard-Freeman R. International Labor Standards and World Trade: Friends or
Foes?. In: The World Trading System: Challenges Ahead. Vol. 87-114. Washington, DC: Institute for
International Economics ; 1997. pp. 87-114.
http://scholar.harvard.edu/freeman/publications/international-labor-standards-and-world-trade-friendsor-foes
What, if anything, can be do, about Chinese violations of standards? Each year or so, the United
States threatens China with the loss of most-favored nation trade status for its human rights
violations and/or its failure to control piracy of intellectual property rights. There have been
agreements to curtail sales of goods made by prison labor. Given the growing size of the Chinese
market and the expansion of the market economy in China, it is unlikely that the United States will
actually act on trade threats, leastways without cooperation from other advanced countries, unless it
blunders. The right strategy for increasing standards in China may be to increase contacts, make
protests, educate the next generation of Chinese leaders, and watch democratic practices expand
with economic growth rather than engage in a trade war over standards. Perhaps this is a case where
consumer pressures have greater potential than government actions for raising standards. The
Chinese example suggests that government pressures through trade may have greater
potential for success on the policies of smaller economies with more democratic regimes, as
opposed Si large dictatorships. Trade union complaints to the US government or to the ILO
about violation of worker rights against Thailand or Guatemala are more likely to improve
labor standards in those countries than complaints against China, even though many in the US
Congress worry about Chinese violation of human rights. As Srinivasan (1994, 36) notes, "The
potential co, of business interest in the United S., of withholding [most-favored nation status from
China] are substantial enough for them Si lobby against it." Even with smaller economies that are
dependent on trade with the West, though, there is good reason to ask, how effective can
trade pressures be to raising standards? The strongest case against making labor standards
part of trade agree-ments is a simple one: that trade pressures may have only a limited effect
in inducing countries to change their policies. Absent experimentation with a social clause in the
WTO to observe how it would work, our best assessment of what trade pressures might accomplish
comes from examining the effectiveness of past government economic sanctions with respect to labor
standards and other issues.

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Solvency

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Solvency Frontline (3/3)

4. Fourth, the concept of human rights is itself ineffective- We have had human rights as a
core principle of governance for decades now, and yet large scale human rights abuses
persist
The Guardian 2014- Dec. 04, The Case Against Human Rights
http://www.theguardian.com/news/2014/dec/04/-sp-case-against-human-rights
In July 2013, Amarildo de Souza, a bricklayer living in a Rio de Janeiro favela, was arrested by police
in an operation to round up drug traffickers. He was never seen again. De Souzas disappearance
was taken up by protesters in street demonstrations, which were met with a ruthless police response.
Normally, de Souzas story would have ended there, but public pressure led to a police investigation,
and eventually to the arrest of 10 police officers, who were charged with torturing and murdering him.
Brazil, one of the largest democracies in the world, is rarely considered to be among the major human
rights-violating countries. But every year more than a thousand killings by police very likely
summary executions, according to Human Rights Watch take place in Rio de Janeiro alone.
The prohibition of extrajudicial killings is central to human rights law, and it is a rule that Brazil
flagrantly violates not as a matter of official policy, but as a matter of practice. Brazil is hardly the
only country where this takes place; others include India, the worlds largest democracy,
South Africa, the Dominican Republic and Iran. These countries all have judicial systems, and
most suspected criminals are formally charged and appear in court. But the courts are slow and
underfunded, so police, under pressure to combat crime, employ extrajudicial methods, such as
torture, to extract confessions. We live in an age in which most of the major human rights
treaties there are nine core treaties have been ratified by the vast majority of countries.
Yet it seems that the human rights agenda has fallen on hard times. In much of the Islamic
world, women lack equality, religious dissenters are persecuted and political freedoms are curtailed.
The Chinese model of development, which combines political repression and economic liberalism,
has attracted numerous admirers in the developing world. Political authoritarianism has gained
ground in Russia, Turkey, Hungary and Venezuela. Backlashes against LGBT rights have taken place
in countries as diverse as Russia and Nigeria. The traditional champions of human rights
Europe and the United States have floundered. Europe has turned inward as it has struggled
with a sovereign debt crisis, xenophobia towards its Muslim communities and disillusionment
with Brussels. The United States, which used torture in the years after 9/11 and continues to
kill civilians with drone strikes, has lost much of its moral authority. Even age-old scourges
such as slavery continue to exist. A recent report estimates that nearly 30 million people are
forced against their will to work. It wasnt supposed to be like this.

China Human Rights Negative

Solvency Extensions

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Extension- US cannot effect Chinese laws

1. U.S. human rights credibility cannot effect policy over ethnic minorities
Walt 2015 (Stephen, Academic Dean at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard
University, where he holds the Robert and Renee Belfer Professorship in International Affairs, serves
on the editorial boards of Foreign Policy, Security Studies, International Relations, and the Journal of
Cold War Studies, has his own Wikipedia page, The Credibility Addiction, Foreign Policy,
http://foreignpolicy.com/2015/01/06/the-credibility-addiction-us-iraq-afghanistan-unwinnable-war/,
1/6/2015)//HW
Unfortunately, this obsession with credibility was misplaced. For one thing, a states reputation
for being tough or reliable didnt work the way most foreign-policy elites thought it did. American
leaders kept worrying that other states would question the United States resolve and capability if it
ever abandoned an unimportant ally, or lost some minor scrap in the developing world. But as
careful research by Ted Hopf, Jonathan Mercer, and Daryl Press has shown, states do not
judge the credibility of commitments in one place by looking at how a country acted
somewhere far away, especially when the two situations are quite different . In fact, when the
United States did lose, or when it chose to cut its losses and liquidate some unpromising
position, dominos barely fell and its core strategic relations remained unaffected. In other
words, how the United States responds to a challenge in Southeast Asia or sub-Saharan Africa tells
you nothing about how it would or should respond somewhere else, and other states understood this
all along. When trying to figure out what the United States is going to do, other states do not
start by asking what the United States did in some conflict on the other side of the world.
Instead, they ask whether it is in Americas interest to act in the situation at hand. And guess
what? This implies that U.S. commitments are most credible when the American interest is
obvious to all. I mean, nobody really doubts that the United States would fight like a tiger to
defend its own soil, right? Exaggerated worries about U.S. credibility had a number of
unfortunate consequences. They encouraged American leaders to act in places that didnt matter,
in order to convince others that it would also act in places that did. Squandering resources on
marginal conflicts undermined confidence in U.S. protection, however, because it consumed
resources that could have been committed elsewhere and it sometimes made a war-weary American
public even less interested in far-flung foreign adventures. Ironically, misguided efforts to bolster
U.S. credibility may have weakened it instead. The credibility obsession also made it easier
for U.S. allies to free-ride (something they were already inclined to do), because they could
always get Uncle Sucker to take on more burdens by complaining that they had doubts about
American resolve. I dont blame them for trying this ploy, but I do blame American officials for
falling for it so often.

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Solvency Extensions

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Extension- Lack of enforcement

[___]

[___] Multinational corporations will continue to ignore progress made on labor issues. The
affirmative cannot solve private corporation abuses
Global Policy Forum 2007- Global Policy Forum is an independent policy watchdog that monitors
the work of the United Nations and scrutinizes global policymaking. We promote accountability and
citizen participation in decisions on peace and security, social justice and international law.
Multinationals to China: No New Labor Rights https://www.globalpolicy.org/social-and-economicpolicy/46721-multinationals-to-china-no-new-labor-rights.html
Foreign corporations are fighting against the very aspects of the proposed legislation that
might ameliorate some of China's most blatant labor problems: Contract protections for all
workers: Foreign corporations want to maintain the current system which creates a large
underclass of highly precarious workers with no rights. Access to labor rights and benefits however limited - depends on the existence of a written labor contract signed individually or
collectively by workers and companies. But millions of workers currently work without one. The new
law would create an implied contract for any worker who receives a wage, giving millions of
workers rights and benefits now denied them. It stipulates that any ambiguities in the
interpretation of a contract will be made in the employees' favor. AmCham opposes these provisions
on the grounds that "these provisions are not consistent with the recruitment system of modern
enterprises." Instead, companies want to set pay and terms of work for all workers without signed
contracts unilaterally. Management alone would determine "all problems - such as pay
confirmation, the way of handling the social insurance, the method of dismissal and the
standard of compensation." Collective bargaining with employees: The new law provides for
negotiations over workplace policies and procedures, layoffs, health and safety, and firings with a
union or an "employee representative." Foreign corporations demand unilateral authority, not
negotiation. The U.S.-China Business Council writes, "It is not feasible to state that an employer's
regulations and policies shall be void if they are not adopted through negotiation with the trade
union....Requiring the consent of the trade union before such changes can be made is overly
burdensome and may prevent important company policies from being implemented in a timely
manner...Final authority and responsibility for company policies should rest in the hands of the
employer." Freedom to change jobs: Non-compete agreements prevent workers from changing jobs
easily if they have access to proprietary knowledge as determined by an employer. For a developing
economy like China, knowledge transfer is essential. The new law caps damages employers can
seek for workers who change jobs, makes it more difficult to claim confidentiality has been breached,
and allows for geographic exemptions to foster the spread of skills throughout the country. The
opposition to this provision comes with a threat: "If carried out," according to the comments
on the bill submitted by the AmCham, "it will seriously affect the individual technology
innovation of the Chinese enterprises and thus multinational corporations would not
introduce their advanced technology, let alone allow the Chinese staff members expose [sic]
to and master [sic] the core technology."
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Solvency Extensions

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Extension- Current Policy Fixes the Problem

[___]

[___] The status quo solves. Human rights abuses are being resolved internally
Lum 2011- Thomas, Specialist in Asian Affairs, July 18 Human Rights in China and U.S. Policy
https://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL34729.pdf
Many Chinese citizens have experienced some marginal improvements in human rights
protections and rights activism has increased. These changes have come about through both
government policies and the development of civil society. The government has enacted laws to
acknowledge or try to prevent some of the most egregious violations of human rights and
abuses of power, strengthened the legal system, and often publicly sympathized with some
aggrieved citizens. Social groups have engaged in protests to defend their rights, often aided by
journalists, lawyers, and activists whose activities put them at risk of physical harm, loss of their
professional licenses, harassment of themselves and their families, and imprisonment. The Internet
has provided Chinese citizens with unprecedented amounts of information and the opportunity to
express opinions publicly. Due to government censorship and other controls and to the non-political
nature of most web activity in China, the Internet has proven to be less of a political factor than many
observers had expected or hoped. Nonetheless, the Internet has made it impossible for the
government to restrict information as fully as before. In many cases, news disseminated
independently online has helped to hold government officials more accountable than in the
past. The following social variables could potentially provide impetus for political reform in China: A
shift in public concerns from local and economic issues to national, political ones; the growth
of protest activity that includes not only socially and economically marginalized groups, such
as farmers, workers, and migrant laborers, but also the urban middle class, professionals, and
private entrepreneurs; linkages among social groups; and the development of new
communications media and counter-censorship technologies.
[__] Obama has already taken steps towards protecting ethnic minorities
Lum 2011- Thomas, specialist in Asian affairs, https://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL34729.pdf
The Tibetan Policy Act of 2002 (P.L. 107-228) directs the Executive Branch to encourage the
PRC government to enter into a dialogue with the Dalai Lama or his representatives, call for the
release of Tibetan political and religious prisoners in China, support economic development, cultural
preservation, environmental sustainability, and other objectives in Tibet, and carry out other activities
to support the aspirations of the Tibetan people to safeguard their distinct identity. 112 In July 2011,
President Obama met with the Dalai Lama at the White House, despite strong objections from
Beijing. The President emphasized the importance of the human rights of Tibetans in China as
well as their unique religious, cultural, and linguistic traditions. He stressed that Tibet is a part
of China, praised the Dalai Lamas commitment to nonviolence and his Middle Way
approach, and encouraged dialogue between the Dalai Lamas representatives and Beijing,
while also emphasizing the importance of U.S.-China cooperation.
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Human Rights Advantage

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Human Rights Frontline (1/2)

1. China does not see the U.S. as credible on human rights because of the high rate of mass
shootings and other human rights abuses in the U.S.
NBC 2016, China on U.S. Criticism on Human Rights: 'Hold Up a Mirror', April 14
http://www.nbcnews.com/news/china/china-u-s-criticism-human-rights-hold-mirror-n555826
China condemned America's human-rights record on Thursday, alluding to the White House
campaign and suggesting that "money politics and family politics went from bad to worse." The
broadside came amid heightening tensions in the South China Sea where the U.S. is conducting war
games with the Philippines to counter China's maritime claims. China's document was prepared by a
Cabinet office and was released by the state-run Xinhua News Agency. It was a response to a
global human-rights survey issued Wednesday by the State Department which criticized China
and other countries. The U.S. report cited China's "particularly severe" crackdown on the legal
community and "extralegal measures" of enforced disappearances and house arrest against
government critics. Related: Disappearances Raise Fears of China Crackdown "The United States
made comments on the human-rights situation in many countries while being tight-lipped
about its own terrible human-rights record and showing not a bit of intention to reflect on it,"
Xinhua said. "Since the U.S. government refused to hold up a mirror to look at itself, it has to
be done with other people's help." China alleged the "wanton infringement" of civil rights and
"rampant gun-related crimes" in the United States, citing a toll of 13,136 killed and 26,493 injured by
gun violence last year. Xinhua said 965 people had shot dead by U.S. police. "The frequent
occurrence of shooting incidents was the deepest impression left to the world concerning the
United States in 2015," the news agency said. PlayHow Guns Stack Up to Other Causes of Death
in America Facebook Twitter Google Plus Embed How Guns Stack Up to Other Causes of Death in
America 1:10 It added that 560,000 people were homeless and said that 33 million Americans
didn't have health insurance. The report has tallied more than 6,000 airstrikes in Syria and Iraq,
allegedly causing "between 1,695 and 2,239" civilian deaths. Xinhua's report attracted attention on
China's Twitter-like Weibo social network. "China and the U.S. quarrel about human rights every year
which makes them look like little kids," one user wrote. "If America has no human rights, why are
rich Chinese going there?" another asked.

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Human Rights Advantage

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Human Rights Frontline (2/2)

2. Turn- Trade does not lead to credibility on human rights issues. Historically, U.S. efforts to
enforce labor rights have actually increased abuses
IBT 8/6/15- International Business Times, Trans-Pacific Partnership: Are Free Trade Agreements
Like TPP Really A Tool For Fixing Labor Rights Abuses?, http://www.ibtimes.com/trans-pacificpartnership-are-free-trade-agreements-tpp-really-tool-fixing-labor-2041003
The recent history of trade deals suggests they dont to hold trade partners to high human
rights standards. As a member of the ten-year-old Dominican Republic-Central America Free Trade
Agreement (CAFTA-DR) with the United States, Guatemala fell under labor rights side agreements
aimed at protecting Guatemalas workers. But more than seven years after the AFL-CIO labor union
filed a complaint over Guatemalas unwillingness to protect union activity and to improve working
conditions in Guatemalas apparel, agriculture and shipping sectors, problems endure. Guatemalan
authorities have managed to use CAFTA-DRs toothless enforcement mechanisms to keep
disputes locked in a seemingly perpetual state of consultations between U.S. Department of
Labor officials and their Central American counterparts.
The experience lobbying the US government to enforce CAFTA in Guatemalaalong with the
US governments failure to enforce trade deals with other countries like Honduras and
Colombiacalls into question whether the US government will fully enforce the labor
provisions in the TPP, Sean Savett, AFL-CIO spokesman said in an email in April ahead of a June
dispute settlement hearing on Guatemala. The hearing led to no enforcement action as
Guatemalan authorities fought back on allegations of labor violations brought forth by the
U.S. Labor Department.
Similar foot-dragging and lack of enforcement mechanisms have led to protracted labor rights
consultations with free-trade counterparts in Honduras, Colombia and Peru. Labor rights
activists argue that side-agreements on labor protections in each of these counties have not
improved conditions for workers in these countries.

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China Human Rights Negative

Party Stability DA

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China Human Rights Negative

Religious Minorities

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Extension- US lacks credibility

[___]

[___] There are other instances of human rights abuses that the affirmative cannot account
for. China perceives these abuses as evidence of U.S. hypocrisy on human rights
The Guardian 4/10- China Attacks U.S. Hypocrisy in Human Rights Council
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/mar/10/china-attacks-us-hypocrisy-un-human-rights-council
China has strongly rejected US-led criticism of its human rights record at the UN Human
Rights Council on Thursday, accusing the United States of hypocrisy and crimes including the
rape and murder of civilians. The US is notorious for prison abuse at Guantnamo prison, its gun
violence is rampant, racism is its deep-rooted malaise, Chinese diplomat Fu Cong told the Council,
using unusually blunt language. The United States conducts large-scale extra-territorial
eavesdropping, uses drones to attack other countries innocent civilians, its troops on foreign
soil commit rape and murder of local people. It conducts kidnapping overseas and uses black
prisons. Fu was responding to a joint statement by the United States and 11 other countries, who
criticised Chinas crackdown on human rights and its detentions of lawyers and activists. These
actions are in contravention of Chinas own laws and international commitments, said US
Ambassador Keith Harper, who read out the statement backed by Australia, Japan, and nine
northern European countries. These extra-territorial actions are unacceptable, out of step with the
expectations of the international community, and a challenge to the rule-based international order.
Harper read the statement straight after UN human rights chief Zeid Raad Al Hussein gave his main
annual speech to the council. He recalled his message to China in mid-February, when he cited a
very worrying pattern of detentions. Fu said Zeid should refrain from making subjective
comments not backed up by real facts. Advertisement He also criticized Japans support for the joint
statement, saying Japan had refused to take responsibility for conscripting 100,000 comfort women
in Asian countries during the second world war. In China, police have detained about 250 human
rights lawyers, legal assistants, and activists since a nationwide crackdown began last July, although
many have subsequently been released. Sophie Richardson, China director at Human Rights
Watch, said the message delivered by Harper was the first collective joint statement on China
in the 10 history of the council. The statement shows that while President Xi may think he can
eradicate dissent at home, the world stands with embattled human rights defenders across China,
she said in a statement.

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China Human Rights Negative

Human Rights Advantage

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Extension- Engagement on human rights causes backlash

[___]

[___] The affirmative cannot influence Chinese policy over ethnic minorities- The CCP
leadership structure is not conducive to engagement over human rights
The East West Center 2013- The East-West Center promotes better relations and understanding
among the people and nations of the United States, Asia, and the Pacific through cooperative study,
research, and dialogue. Ethnic Policy in China: Is Reform Inevitable?
http://www.eastwestcenter.org/sites/default/files/private/ps068.pdf
There are, however, now individuals in the top echelons of the CPC openly advocating new
directions in ethnic policies, and they are looking to the new leadership for action. Xi linping's
"Chinese dream narrative stresses the unity and coalescence of public wntiment m a part of the
great revival of the Chinese nation/race. Yet current ethnic policies remain the legacy of Hu litho
and his mentor Hu Yaobang and are likely to be earthily guarded by their protgs and the
ethnic-policy establishment. Radical shifts in policy, such as ending regional ethnic autonomy or
minoritypreferences, are thlikely in the near future. Even if the political will exists at the top
Radical shifts in policy, such as of the CPC leadership, ethnic ending regional ethnic
autonomy policy remains a relatively low priority:Me complexities of the or minority prePrences,
are Chinese political system also unlikely in she near future make any bold new initiatives
problematic. Regime stabilitythe party's abiding focusrequires social stability, and thus
increased security efforts in troubled frontier regions are more likely than major nolim chanth

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China Human Rights Negative

Party Stability Disadvantage

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China Human Rights Negative

Party Stability Disadvantage

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Party Stability Disadvantage Link

The affirmatives insistence on pressuring China to adopt human rights policies backfiresleads to increased hostility and collapses the CCP
Wyne 2013 Ali, contributing analyst at Wikistrat and a global fellow at the Project for the Study of the
21st Century. Some Thoughts on the Ethics of Chinas Rise. 08/14/13. Accessed 6/26/14.
http://www.carnegiecouncil.org/publications/ethics_online/0084
The more contentious topic, of course, is the role that human rights should play in U.S.-China
relations. While the United States should neither hesitate to articulate its differences with China on
issues of human rights, nor refrain from encouraging those trends within China that are promoting
greater citizen empowerment, it should not urge China to democratize or condition its
interactions with China on the leadership's acceptance of core American values. A country that
is not yet 250 years old should appreciate the possibility that a country several millennia old may
have its own strain of exceptionalism. Furthermore, attempts to democratize China could backfire.
One of the foremost China watchers, former prime minister of Singapore Lee Kuan Yew, declares
that it will not "become a liberal democracy; if it did, it would collapse." While the Chinese
Communist Party (CCP) is willing to experiment with democratic reforms in "villages and small
towns," he explains, it fears that large-scale democratization "would lead to a loss of control by
the center over the provinces, like [during] the warlord years of the 1920s and '30s.3 Whatever
challenges an increasingly capable and assertive China might pose, a weak China in the throes of
chaos would be even more problematic, especially now that its growth is vital to the health of
the global economy. It is China's ongoing integration into the international system and
attendant exposure to information technology that hold the greatest promise for
improvements to its human rights climate. Since the late 1970s, the CCP has implicitly
conditioned its delivery of rapid growth to the Chinese people on their acquiescence to its rule. The
problem is that citizens' priorities become more sophisticated as their day-to-day situations
grow less exigent. Those in dire poverty are quite likely to censor themselves in exchange for food,
shelter, and other necessities. As they enter the middle class, however, and become less
preoccupied with the demands of survival, they naturally think more about critiquing government
policy. Within this transition lies a fundamental challenge for the CCP: the very bargain that it
implemented to forestall challenges to its rule is enabling greater numbers of Chinese to pose such
challenges. There were only 20 million Internet users in China in 2000; today, there are more than
560 million.4

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Party Stability Disadvantage

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Extension- Party Stability Disadvantage Link

[___]

[___] The affirmative is actually bad for the Chinese economy. Increased regulations on labor
rights will decrease foreign investment
Global Policy Forum 2007-, Global Policy Forum is an independent policy watchdog that monitors
the work of the United Nations and scrutinizes global policymaking. We promote accountability and
citizen participation in decisions on peace and security, social justice and international law,
https://www.globalpolicy.org/social-and-economic-policy/46721-multinationals-to-china-no-new-laborrights.html
While the extraordinarily rapid growth of the Chinese economy has often been noted, it is less
often realized how much of that growth actually reflects the role of foreign corporations.
According to Morgan Stanley's chief economist Stephen Roach, 65 percent of the tripling of Chinese
exports - from $121 billion in 1994 to $365 billion in mid-2003 - is "traceable to outsourcing by
Chinese subsidiaries of multinational corporations and joint ventures." The obvious motive for
such foreign corporations to oppose the law protecting Chinese workers is their fear that it
may eliminate the cheap labor costs they now enjoy. Even if the law itself is poorly enforced or
does little to improve Chinese wages and employment conditions, it may set the stage for
more organized demands from Chinese workers. Historical experience in the United States and
around the world has shown that when workers realize that they are entitled by law to certain rights,
they may well create the institutions needed to access and enforce those rights. Experience in many
countries indicates that labor laws are often unenforced unless workers exercise the right to organize,
bargain collectively, and strike. For that reason, corporations have reason to fear that even a
limited guarantee of rights to Chinese workers will encourage their further efforts to form
independent unions, elect their own leaders, and utilize their potential bargaining power. They
fear, in short, that the proposed labor bill may be but one step in a new long march for
Chinese workers as they fight for the legal rights due them and the institutional supports to
enforce those rights.

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