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QUESTIONS: A COMPILATION
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
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1. The hydrogen or deuterium discharge tube can be used as a source of continuous ultraviolet radiation
for spectrophotometers because of
a. the characteristics of chopper-modulated radiation
b. pressure broadening of hydrogen or deuterium emission lines
c. the great sensitivity of photomultiplier tube
d. the narrow band pass of modern grating of monochromators
2. Chopping the source beam in conjunction with the use of a tuned ac amplifier in an atomic absorption
spectrophotometer accomplishes the following
a. a recording potentiometer can be used instead of a voltmeter for the readout
b. a less sensitive detector can be used instead of the usual photomultiplier tube
c. a cooler can be used without decreasing the population of ground-state atoms
d. radiation emitted by excited atoms in the flame will not interfere with the absorbance
measurement
3. Line spectra are emitted by
a. hot solids
b. excited polyatomic molecules
4. Recording spectrophotometers sometimes operate with feedback loops that vary the power of the
reference beam until it matches the power of the beam through the sample. This mode of operation
a.
b.
c.
d.
5. Which of the following best explains why atomic absorption is sometimes more sensitive than flame
emission spectroscopy?
a. At the temperature of a typical flame, the population of ground-state atoms is much greater than the
population of excited atoms.
b. Detectors employed in absorption work are inherently more sensitive than those used to measure emission.
c. Hollow cathode discharge tubes have a much greater radiant power output than do ordinary flames.
d. An absorption line in a flame is always much sharper than an emission line because of the Doppler effect.
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7. Fe3+ and Cu2+ form complexes with EDTA. The ferric complex is colorless , as is Fe 3+ itself, at the
concentration involved here: the copper complex is a deep blue color (deeper than the color of Cu 2+
itself), while EDTA is colorless. The photometric titration curve below was obtained when a solution
containing both Fe3+ and Cu2+ was titrated with EDTA using a spectrophotometer set at a wavelength
of 745 nm in the visible region of the spectrum.
B
A
a.
b.
c.
d.
ml of EDTA solution
A is the iron end point.
B is the iron end point
The distance from A to B on the milliliter axis represents the quantity of iron
The quantity of iron could not be calculated from a graph like this unless the quantity of copper
in the solution was known ahead of time
8. In chromatography, a substance for which the distribution of the coefficient, K, is zero may be used to
estimate
a. the volume within the column occupied by the packing materials
b. the total volume of the column
c. the volume within the pores of the packing material
d. the volume within the column available to the mobile phase
9. The purpose of the solid support material in a GLC column is to
a. immobilize the stationary liquid phase
b. adsorb sample components that are insufficiently soluble in the stationary liquid phase
c. provide a "backup" stationary phase in the event that the liquid is lost by evaporation
d. remove impurities from the carrier gas
e.
10. Helium, rather than nitrogen, is sometimes used as the carrier gas in GLC because
a. being lighter than nitrogen, helium elutes the sample components more rapidly
b. helium is less expensive than nitrogen
c. nitrogen has stable isotopes which separate and cause anomalous column behavior
d. of its much higher thermal conductivity
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17. A neutral molecule such as ethanol or sugar which has found its way into the pores of a typical anionexchange resin can be eliminated
a. only by replacement with a cation
b. only by replacement with an anion
c. only if replaced by another organic molecule on a one-for-one exchange basis
d. by flushing out the water
18. In chromatography, a substance for which the distribution coefficient, K, is zero may be used to
estimate
a. the volume within the column available to the moving phase
b. the volume within the column occupied by the packing
c. the volume within the pores of the packing material
d. the total volume of the column
19. Which of the following statements is false in normal phase absorption?
a. The more polar a compound, the more strongly it will be adsorbed from a solution
b. A high molecular weight favors adsorption, other factors being equal
c. The more polar the solvent, the stronger the adsorption of the solute
d. The adsorption isotherm is usually nonlinear
20. The best measure of the quantity of a solute in LC is
a. the height of the elution band
b. the area of the elution band
c. the baseline width of the elution band
d. the retention volume
21. Which of the following would be the fastest way to decide which adsorbent and what solvent system to
use for a larger-scale chromatographic separation of an organic reaction product from materials formed
in side reactions?
a. Paper chromatography
b. Affinity chromatography
c. TLC
d. Adsorption chromatography with gradient elution
22. To deionize tap water by ion exchange for laboratory use, the best approach employs
a. a column containing a strong-acid cation exchange in the hydrogen form
b. a column containing a strong-base anion exchanger in the hydroxyl form
c. a mixed-bed column containing a strong-acid cation exchanger in the sodium form and a strongbase anion exchanger in the chloride form
d. a mixed-bed column containing a strong-acid cation exchanger in the hydrogen form and a
strong-base anion exchanger in the hydroxyl form
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29. IR spectro-photometers have practically the same basic components as visible and UV spectrophotometers. In which of the following basic components could the devices be used interchangeable in
both:
a. sources of radiant energy
b. optical system
c. sample holders
d. detectors
30. Which of the following may not be used in the determination of sugars?
a. TLC chromatography
b. Polarimetry
c. Copper reduction methods
d. Lane and Eynon methods
31. Which is not the recommended device for a filter photometry?
a. hydrogen arc lamp
b. glass filter
c. barrier layer photocell
d. none of these
32. This law states that the amount of light absorbed or transmitted by a solution is an experimental
function of the concentration of absorbing substance present and the sample path length
a. Bouger's Law
b. Beer's Law
c. Lambert's Law
d. Bouger-Beer Law
33. Deviation's from Beer's Law may be due to
a. instrumental
b. intermolecular reactions
c. formation of complexions with varying number of ligonds
d. all of these
34. IR spectrophotometers have the same basic components as UV spectrophotometers, except:
a. source of radiant energy and the kind of detectors
b. materials used in the optical system
c. materials used in the sample cells
d. all of these
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