Project name

ref. number
Location
Beam length
Date

:
:
:
:

Stressing at fci'=
80.0 % fc'
2ScSc5-19 & 1ScSc5-12 & 1ScSc5-11
(61 strands)
JF = 75.8 % UTS
prepared by :
TY
Deflection: OK !

40.600 m
6-Oct-16

I. GENERAL

40.60 m
x

210.0 cm

40.00 m
Beam sectional shape :
Composite / Non Composite
:
Lb
Beam length
=
Span length
Clear span
Curvature
Girder space

:
:

L
Ln

:
:

r
s

I
SEGMENTAL
Komposit
Inner Diafragm,

40.600 m
40.000 m

number:
thickness:

5
20.0 cm

=
=
=

39.700 m
0.000 m
1.850 m

Top slab thickness:

Deck plate thickness:

20.0 cm
7.0 cm

Segemental NOTE1joint posistion, x =

NOTE1: ASSOCIATES VALUE NOT VALID IF MONOLITH

17.000 m

II. MATERIALS
2.1. Concrete
Beam
cube strength, fcu :

* Concrete grade :

cylinder strength, fc' :

500

Slab
[kg/cm2]

432 [kg/cm2]

* Modulus of elasticity

Ec =

3.64E+5

* Unit weight
* Allowable stresses :
- At transfer condition

c=

2500

[kg/cm2]

350

[kg/cm2]

291 [kg/cm2]
2.99E+5

[kg/cm2]

2400

[kg/m3]

345.3

233.0

[kg/cm2]

189.9

[kg/cm2]
-0.80 SQR(fci')

128.2

[kg/cm2]

-14.9

[kg/cm2]

-12.2

[kg/cm2]

431.6

[kg/cm2]
0.40 fc'

291.3

[kg/cm2]

172.6

[kg/cm2]
-1.60 SQR(fc')

116.5

[kg/cm2]

-33.2

-27.3

[kg/cm2]

fy =

2400
40

[kg/cm2]

4000

[kg/cm2]

2.1E+6

[kg/cm2]

[kg/m3]

80.00 % fc'.

concrete strength at stressing :

fci' =
Compressive stress

Tensile stress

[kg/cm2]
0.55 fci'

- At service condition
fc' =
Compressive stress

Tensile stress

[kg/cm2]

2.2. Steel rebar

*

Diameter <

13 mm,

Diameter >= 13 mm,

Modulus of elasticity,

BjTp -

24

BjTd fy =
Es =

2.3. Prestressing steel

* Uncoated stress-relieved seven wire strand.
* Grade-270 - ASTM A416.
* Nominal diameter
:

12.70 mm.

Nominal area

98.71 mm2.

*
*
*

Modulus of elastisity
Breaking Load
Low-Relaxation.

:
:

1.97E+6 kg/cm2
18.700 ton.

III. REFERENCE and CODE

* Bridge Management System (BMS Indonesia-Australia)
IV. CROSS SECTION of GIRDER
bef = 154.8
20.0
60.0

60.0
7.0
13.0

80.0

80.0

12.0

h= 210.0

12.0

128.0

128.0

20.0

20.0

25.0

25.0

25.0

25.0

70.0

70.0

Precast

Komposit

bef :
h :
_________________________________
COPYRIGHT PT VSL INDONESIA

7.0
13.0

210.0

[cm]

154.8 [cm]
230.0 [cm]
__________________________
PAGE 1 OF 34

Project name

ref. number
Location
Beam length
Date

:
:
:
:

Stressing at fci'=
80.0 % fc'
2ScSc5-19 & 1ScSc5-12 & 1ScSc5-11
(61 strands)
JF = 75.8 % UTS
prepared by :
TY
Deflection: OK !

40.600 m
6-Oct-16
Ac :

7495.0

[cm2]

Y top :

109.2

[cm]

94.4 [cm]

Y bottom :

100.8

[cm]

135.6 [cm]

Ix :

41087032.6

[cm4]

72317460.3 [cm4]

[cm3]

766426.3 [cm3]

W top composite :

10590.6 [cm2]

W top precast :

376260.5

[cm3]

972574.8 [cm3]

W bottom :

407602.8

[cm3]

533144.4 [cm3]

V. LOADS,and related MOMENTS at the middle of span (and at x for segemental beam)
5.1. Selfweight of beam
qsw = Ac x c
=
1.874 ton/m.
Msw = (qbs x L^2)/8
=
374.750 ton-m.
5.2. Self weight of topping slab
*
Thick's, t=
qts = s.t.c
*

0.200 m.

=
0.888 ton/m.
Mts = (qts x L^2)/8

177.600 ton-m.

5.3. Superimposed dead load (SDL)

a. Deck slab
*
Thick's t=
qds = s.t.c
*

at x= 173.604 tm

0.070 m.

=
0.210 ton/m.
Mds = (qds x L^2)/8

*
b.

at x= 366.318 tm

=
Diafragm
Pd =

42.000 ton-m.

at x= 41.055 tm

1.307 ton
Md =
*
32.670 ton m
c. Trotoar + Railing
qt = [total]
*
=
0.000 ton/m.
Mt = (qt x L^2)/8
*
d.
*
*

const.for formula =
at x= 31.935 tm

=
0.000 ton-m.
Trotoar Live load
qtl = [total]
=
0.000 ton/m.
Mtl = (qtl x L^2)/8
=

at x= 0.000 tm

0.000 ton-m.

e. Aspalt
* Thickness, t =
* U weight, as =

0.625

inner diaf. =

at x= 0.000 tm

0.075 m.
2.300 ton/m3.

qas = s x t x as
=
0.319 ton/m.
Mas = (qas x L^2)/8
=

63.825 ton-m.

at x= 62.389 tm

5.4. Live load

* For calculation of strength of girders, should use
* Line load,
P =
or Pg =

"D" Load.
12.000 ton/m per way.
P/2.75 ton.
8.073 ton per girder.

=
* Impact load: Impact need only considered for
line load "Pg".
DLA = 0.400
K=
* Uniformly distributed load:
pr =
- L < 30.0 m,

2.2 ton/m/way.
pr = 2.2x(0.5+15/L) ton/m/way.

- L > 30.0 m,
For L =

1.400

40.000 m

* Loading reduction factor

* For moment calculation

pr =
1.925 ton/m/way.
or pr = s . p/2.75
ton/m per girder.
=
1.295 ton/m per girder.
a=
1.000
p = a . pr
=
1.295 ton/m per balok.
P = a . K . Pg
=

MLL = p.L^2/8 + P.L/4

=
372.018 ton-m.
* For shear calculation

11.302 ton per balok.

at x= 363.648 tm

p = a . pr
=
1.295 ton/m per girder.
P = a . K . Pg
=
11.302 ton per girder.
SERVICE (ton-m)
5.5. Resume of loads and related moments

at x

* Moment due to beam selfw't

374.75

366.32

449.70

439.58

* Moment due to slab selfw't,

Mts =

177.60

173.60

213.12

208.32

* Moment due to deck plate,

Mds =

42.00

41.06

84.00

82.11

Md =

32.67

31.93

65.34

63.87

* Moment due to trotoal +railing,

Mt =

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

* Moment due to trotoar live load,

Mtl =

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

* Moment due to diafragm,

_________________________________
COPYRIGHT PT VSL INDONESIA

ULTIMATE (ton-m)
at x

Msw =

__________________________
PAGE 2 OF 34

Project name

ref. number
Location
Beam length
Date

:
:
:
:

Stressing at fci'=
80.0 % fc'
2ScSc5-19 & 1ScSc5-12 & 1ScSc5-11
(61 strands)
JF = 75.8 % UTS
prepared by :
TY
Deflection: OK !

40.600 m
6-Oct-16

* Momen beban asphalt,

Mas =

* Moment due to live load,

MLL =

63.83

M and Mult, respectively =

Moment total,

62.39

127.65

124.78

372.02
363.65
744.04
727.30
---------------------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------------1062.86

1038.95

1683.85

1645.96

VI. ANALYSIS
6.1. Prestressing force
2ScSc5-19 & 1ScSc5-12 & 1ScSc5-11

cgc

Y1 [cm] :

100.802

cgs

Yp [cm] :

100.802

11.803

100.802
100.802

Concrete cover,

11.803 cm.

Eccentricity,

e=

88.998 cm.

Pi <=

1110.098 ton.

Pi <=

801.226 ton.

ep =

0.000

Check at two conditions:

6.1.1. Initial condition at the middle of span
Top fiber :
t = Pi/Ac - Pi.e/Wt + Msw/Wt

=>

-14.9
..... (1)

Bottom fiber:
b = Pi/Ac + Pi.e/Wb - Msw/Wb

<=

189.9

From (1) dan (2) obtained

6.1.2. Final condition at the middle of span
Top fiber :
t = Pe/Ac - (Pe.e-Msw)/Wtp + (MLL+MSDL)/Wtc

..... (2)

Pi <=

801.226 ton.

Pe =>

376.456 ton.

Pe =>

575.210 ton.

..... (5)

575.210 ton.

..... (6)

=>

..... (3)

172.6
..... (4)

Bottom fiber:
b = Pe/Acp + (Pe.e-Msw)/Wbp - (MLL+MSDL)/Wbc

=>

-33.2

Pe =>

From (4) and (5) obtained

Long term losses are assumed =
From (3) and (6) shown that stressing shall be
Number of required strands approximatly =
Number of provided strands
=
Type of tendons choosed

15
single stage.

%.

51 strands
61 strands
2ScSc5-19 & 1ScSc5-12 & 1ScSc5-11
(
SINGLE
-LIVE END)

6.2. Prestress losses

JACKING FORCE

=
then, PJF =

75.8 % UTS.
864.080 ton.

6.2.1. Short term losses

6.2.1.1. Friction at anchor and jack
Loss for VSL system,

dfa =

Force at anchor,

Pa = (1-dfa) . PJF
=

3 %.
838.158 ton.

6.2.1.2. Firction due to curvature and wooble effect

Px = Pa.e^(-mu(alpha+beta.lx))
where
Px
: prestress force at x from anchor.
mu : Coefficient for friction between duct and strand,
used mu =
0.200
alpha : number of curvature angle until x.
beta : coefficient for wobble effect,
used beta =
0.0114
Point- 2 (middle of span)
L2 =
20.300 m.
alpha =
P2 =

0.087 rad.
786.388 ton.

Titi 3 (beam end)

L3 =
alpha =
P3 =

40.600 m.
0.175 rad.
737.816 ton.

6.2.1.3. Draw-in
draw-in influence distance at cable,
xd = SQR(dr . Ep . Ap / m)
where :
dr = draw-in occurred of used system,
at VSL system, draw-in is
Ep = Elasticity of prestressing steel

=
Ep =

For used strand,

Ap = total area of used strands,
namely
m = inclination of force from diagram,
= 2(Pa - P2)/Lb

0.006 m.
1.95E+6 kg/cm2.

60.213 cm2.

2550.2 kg/m.

Then, obtained
xd =

16.621 m.

P1 =

753.385 ton.

Hence,

_________________________________
COPYRIGHT PT VSL INDONESIA

__________________________
PAGE 3 OF 34

Project name

ref. number
Location
Beam length
Date

:
:
:
:

Stressing at fci'=
80.0 % fc'
2ScSc5-19 & 1ScSc5-12 & 1ScSc5-11
(61 strands)
JF = 75.8 % UTS
prepared by :
TY
Deflection: OK !

40.600 m
6-Oct-16
P2 =

786.388 ton.

P3 =

737.816 ton.

Pave =

765.289 ton.

T2pi =

12709.7 kg/cm2.

6.2.1.4. Elastic shortening of concrete

dTpe = n.Tst/2
i = (I/Ac)^0.5
=
74.040 cm.
Ke = (Ap/Ac) (1+e^2/i^2)
=

0.020
Ep/Ec

n=
=
dTpe' =

5.419
n.Ke.Tpi/(1+n.Ke)

=
1222.6 kg/cm2.
Due to selfweight of beam;
M=
374.750 ton-m.
dTpe =
((dTpe')-(n.M.y/I))/2
=
P2i =

391.4 kg/cm2.
P2 - Ap.(dTpe)

762.823 ton.

6.2.2. Long term losses

6.2.2.1. Shrinkage
dTsh =

Ep.Eb.ke.kh.kp

Theoritical thickness of beam =

From Australian Standard 1481-1978 determined;
Ep =
1.97E+6 kg/cm2.
Eb =

4.00E-4 for humidity

ke =

306 mm.

70.0 %.

0.649

kh =

0.910 for stressing after =

kp = 100/(100+20.)
where = percentage of rebar.
rebar chosen, diameter
D =
number =
hence, =
=
0.928
dTsh =

14.0 days

13 mm.
22 nos
0.39 %.

431.7 kg/cm2.

6.2.2.2. Creep
dTc = kc.kd.ke.kh.Ep.Tci/Ec
where;
kc =

1.10 for humidity

kd =

1.200 for stressing after

ke =

0.649

kh =

70.0 %.

14.0 days

0.910

Ep =

1.97E+6 kg/cm2.

Ec =

3.64E+5 kg/cm2.

Tci =

147.1 kg/cm2.

dTc =

621.1 kg/cm2.

6.2.2.3. Relaxation of strand

dTr = Fr.R.Tpi.[1-2.(dTsh+dTc)/Tpi]
Pi =

762.823 ton.
Fr =

66.9 % UTS -->

For low-relaxation strand, pure relaxation
R=
2.5 %.
Tpi =
12668.7 kg/cm2.
dTsh+dTc =

1052.8 kg/cm2.

dTr =

486.9 kg/cm2.

1.844

6.2.3. Resume of prestress force in beam

* After short term losses;
P1 =

729.820 ton.

P2 =

762.823 ton.

P3 =

714.251 ton.

Pi max.

801.226 ton.

Pe required =

575.210 ton.

* After long term, losses;

Total long term losses;
dTt = dTsh + dTc + dTr
=
P1 =

1539.6 kg/cm2.
637.114 ton.

P2 =

670.118 ton.

P3 =

621.545 ton.

6.2.4. Stresses at critical section

1. AT THE MIDDLE OF SPAN
* Immediately after transfer;
Stresses
Top fiber

Bottom fiber :

CHECK

Allowable

20.9 kg/cm2.

OK !

-14.865

176.4 kg/cm2.

OK !

189.906

56.9 kg/cm2.

OK !

116.510

142.4 kg/cm2.

OK !

172.642

* At service condition;
Slab top fiber
Beam top fiber
_________________________________
COPYRIGHT PT VSL INDONESIA

:
:

__________________________
PAGE 4 OF 34

Project name

ref. number
Location
Beam length
Date

:
:
:
:

Stressing at fci'=
80.0 % fc'
2ScSc5-19 & 1ScSc5-12 & 1ScSc5-11
(61 strands)
JF = 75.8 % UTS
prepared by :
TY
Deflection: OK !

40.600 m
6-Oct-16
Bottom fiber :

0.1 kg/cm2.

OK !

-33.240

111.8 kg/cm2.

OK !

-14.865

111.8 kg/cm2.

OK !

189.906

79.1 kg/cm2.

OK !

172.642

79.1 kg/cm2.

OK !

-33.240

2. AT SUPPORT
* Immediately after transfer;
Top fiber

Bottom fiber :
* At service condition;
Top fiber

Bottom fiber :
6.2.5. Elongation of cables due to stressing
*

Force diagram at stressing;

PJF =
864.080 ton.
P1 =
838.158 ton.

Ljack =

0.750 m.

P2 =

786.388 ton.

L2 =

20.300 m.

P3 =

737.816 ton.

L3 =

20.300 m.

Elongation of cable is obtained by formula:

dLi = (Pi x Li) / (Ep x Ap)
Hence,

Total elonagtion of cable is

dL1 =

5.5 mm.

dL2 =

139.0 mm.

dL3 =

130.4 mm.

274.9 mm.

6.3.Ulimate capacity calculation

Ultimate moment =

1683.85 ton-m.

Apt =
fp

60.21 cm2.

19000.00 kg/cm2.

fe min =

10580.99 kg/cm2.

0.5*fp =

9500.00 kg/cm2.
fe min > 0.5*fp OK!

pu = fp*(1-k1*k2/j)
k1 =

0.400
k2 = 1/(bef*dp*fc')*{Apt*fp + (Ast - Asc)/fsy}
=
0.85 - 0.007*(fc'-28) =
j

0.114
0.843
0.843

17968.273 kg/cm2.
1081.925 ton.

T =
C = T

T = j * kud * bef * fc'

====>
a = j * kud =

24.06 cm.
20.00 cm.

a,max =
Mn = T * (dp - a/2) =

2230.560 ton-m.

Mcr = Zb*(fcf' + P/Ag) +P*e =

1110.956 ton-m.

Strength reduction factor, = 0.900

Muk = Mn =
2007.504 ton-m.
Muk > Mu and Muk > 1.2*Mcr ===> OK !!!

(Rebar not considered yet)

6.4. Shear Calculation

* At section with distance d from support, d =

2.18 m.
bv =
0.8h =
bw =

Due to selfweight of beam

Due to selfweight of slab
Due to SDL
Due to live load
- Load P
- Load p

- Factor for dead load

- Factor for SDL
- Factor for live load
- ULTIMATE LOAD
vu = Vu/(bv*d ) =
*

11.10 cm.
168.00 cm.
20.00 cm
Shear
[ton]

Moment
[ton-m]

:
:
:
:
:
:

33.949
16.089
10.240

78.535
37.219
25.742

5.651
23.463

12.330
54.278

=
=
=

1.200
2.000
2.000

138.753

323.605

57.29 kg/cm .
2

Maximum concrete shear strength

Vc = 0.2 * fc' * bv * d + Pv

_________________________________
COPYRIGHT PT VSL INDONESIA

Pv = dy/dx * Pe =

50516.01 kg.

Vc =

251540.65 kg.

Flexural shear cracking strength

__________________________
PAGE 5 OF 34

Project name

ref. number
Location
Beam length
Date

:
:
:
:

Stressing at fci'=
80.0 % fc'
2ScSc5-19 & 1ScSc5-12 & 1ScSc5-11
(61 strands)
JF = 75.8 % UTS
prepared by :
TY
Deflection: OK !

40.600 m
6-Oct-16

Vc = b1 * b2 * b3* bv * d * {(Ast+Apt)*fc'/(bv*d)}^(1/3) + V0 +Pv

b1 =

1.10

b2 =

1.00

b3 =

1.00

Ast =
cp,f = Pe*ex/Wb + Pe/Ac

0.00

82.10 kg/cm2.

M0 = Z * T cp,f =

437703.35 kg-m.

V0 = M0/(M'/V') =

187675.00 kg.

Vc =

296189.92 kg.

Cracking shear strength at web

Vc = V t + P v
Vt = 0.3*((fc')^0.5 + fpc)*bv*d =

92782.55 kg.

143298.56 kg.

Vc, min =

143298.56 kg..

Vc

vs = vu/0.7 - vc =

22.68 kg/cm2.

provided stirrups diameter =

10

12

13

16 mm.

Av =

1.57

2.26

2.65

4.02 cm2.

s max =

14.97

21.56

42.17

stirrups space, s = Av*fy/(vs*bv)

63.87 cm.

VII. Control to point load T

DLA=0.3
4.7

19.0

40.0
16.0

19.0

(ton).

m.

4.0

5.0

15.0

(m).

19.447

M mid

23.242

(ton).

370 ton-m.

* Stresses due to point load;

Slab top fiber

Beam top fiber

Bottom fiber :
VIII. Deflection control at the middle of span
8.1.
8.2.
8.3.
8.4.
8.5.

56.6 kg/cm2.

Ok!

142.2 kg/cm2.

Ok!

0.5 kg/cm2.

Ok!

(" -"=downward, "+"=upward )

Deflection due to selfweight

Y = - 5/384 x q x L^4 / EI =
Deflection due to SDL
Y = - 5/384 x qDL x L^4 / EI - 1/48 x Pd x L^3 / EI =
Deflection due to T
Y = [appropriated formula]
Deflection due to live load
Y = - 5/384 x p x L^4 / EI - 1/48 x P x L^3 / EI =
Deflection due to effective prestress force
Y = 5/384 x (8xPxe/L^2) x L^4 / EI =

-4.2 cm.
-0.8 cm.
-2.1 cm.
-2.2 cm.
+6.7 cm.

IX. Resume

Prestress force:
Pi =
Pe =
PJF =
Elongation of strand due to stressing

Deflection ;

762.823 ton,

or

66.87 % UTS.

670.118 ton,

or

58.75 % UTS.

864.080 ton,
275 mm.

or

75.75 % UTS.

Short term

Due to SW+SDL+T)
Due to SW+SDL+LL
Due to SW+SDL+T+PT
Due to SW+SDL+LL+PT
Due to live load only
Allowable defl.=L/
800

=
=
=
=

-7.1
-7.2
-0.4
-0.6
-2.2
-5.0

Long term

-12.1
-12.2
-5.4
-5.6
OK !
CHECKED

cm.
cm.
cm.
cm.
cm.
cm.

After erection of beam:

Ls+Lc+LT =

30 mm

X. Rotation at support
At service condition: 1DL+1LL+1PT
R= 0.005776 rad
XI. Longitudinal displacement at beam end
due to elastic shortening
due to shrinkage
due to creep
due to temperature
XII. Vertical reaction at support
DL =
70.072 t
LL =
31.939 t
1DL+1.5LL, Vu =
117.981 t

Le =

9 mm

Ls =
Lc =
LT =

9 mm
14 mm
7 mm

SW = 38.037 t

Bearing: [appropriated bearing]

XIII. Quantity
Weight of beam =
Weight of strand =

76.07 t
2.01 t

Concrete volume=

30.43 m3

Strand content=

_________________________________
COPYRIGHT PT VSL INDONESIA

66.18 kg/m3

__________________________
PAGE 6 OF 34

Longitudinal deformation
due to elastic, shrinkage, creep and thermal strains
Elastic shortening
Le=P.L/(E.A)

P=
fci'=
E=4700fc'

E=
L=
A=

Le=

670.118
34.5
27618
40.600

ton
Mpa
Mpa
m

1.059 m2

9.27 mm

Shrinkage
Ls=.L
=sh/(1+K.)
Ls=

humidity=
eff-thick=
sh=
8.63 mm

K=
steel-ratio, =

70.000
306
2.25E-04
15.000
0.390

%
mm
=IF(J14=150,if(J13=20,
(ext. exp.)

Creep
Lc=.L
=(f/Et).
=

Et=K0+0.2.fcu.28
3.36E-04

=
K 0=

Thermal

13.65 mm

(t=28days)

fcu.28=

20.000 kN/mm2
50.000 Mpa

Et=

30.000 kN/mm2

stress, f=
Lc=

1.600

0.006 kN/mm2

LT=.T.L
LT=

T=

15.000 oC

1.20E-05 /oC

7.31 mm

Resume
Le=
Ls=
Lc=
LT=

9.27
8.63
13.65
7.31

mm
mm
mm
mm

(-)
(-)
(-)
(!)
("-"=shortening)
("!"=reversible)

IF(J14=150,if(J13=20,

20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90

70.000
600.000
150
450.000
440.000
420.000
400.000
375.000
325.000
240.000
25.000

300
375.000
370.000
360.000
350.000
330.000
280.000
210.000
20.000

600
325.000
310.000
300.000
280.000
250.000
230.000
175.000
15.000

100

-200.000

-200.000

-200.000

Project name

ref. number
Location
Beam length
Date

:
:
:
:

Stressing at fci'=

90.0 % fc'
4ScSc5-12+1ScSc5-7
(55 strands)
JF = 79.0 % UTS

34.600 m
6-Oct-16

prepared by :

SUF

Deflection:

I. GENERAL

34.60 m
x

160.0 cm

34.00 m
Beam sectional shape :
Composite / Non Composite
:
Lb
Beam length
=
Span length

:
L
:
Ln
Clear span
Curvature
:
r
Girder space
:
s
Segemental joint posistion, x

I
SEGMENTAL
Komposit
Inner Diafragm,

34.600 m
34.000 m

number:
thickness:

=
=
=
=

33.700 m
0.000 m
2.000 m
14.000 m

Top slab thickness:

Deck plate thickness:

II. MATERIALS
2.1. Concrete
Beam
* Concrete grade :

cube strength, fcu :

cylinder strength, fc' :

800
664

Slab
[kg/cm ]
[kg/cm2]
2

2.2. Steel rebar

*
*

Diameter <

13 mm,

Diameter >= 13 mm,

BjTp -

24
fy =

2400
40

[kg/cm2]

fy =

4000

[kg/cm2]

BjTd -

275
228

IV. CROSS SECTION of GIRDER

bef = 117.3

55.0

45.0
55.0

12.4
7.5

107.6
18.0

18.0

10.0

LAYER 3
LAYER 2
LAYER 1

22.5

65.0

65.0
Precast

Komposit

bef :
h :
Ac :

160.0

[cm]

117.3 [cm]
190.0 [cm]

4770.1

[cm2]

7782.0 [cm2]

Y top :

88.9

[cm]

77.9 [cm]

Layer5

Y bottom :

71.1

[cm]

112.1 [cm]

Layer4

Ix :

14591536.2

[cm ]

36396620.0 [cm ]

Layer3

[cm ]

466923.7 [cm ]

Layer2

[cm ]

759056.3 [cm ]

Layer1

W top composite :

W top precast :

164100.7

W bottom :

205278.1

cgc

Y1 [cm] :

71.082

cgs

Yp [cm] :

71.082

4
3
3

4
3
3

324824.3 [cm3]
[cm3]
4ScSc5-12+1ScSc5-7

14.720

Layer6

soffit

Concrete cover,

14.720 cm.

Eccentricity,

e=

56.362 cm.

ep =

Check at two conditions:

6.1.1. Initial condition at the middle of span
Top fiber :
t = Pi/Ac - Pi.e/Wt + Msw/Wt

=>

-19.6
Pi <=

930.853 ton.

Bottom fiber:
b = Pi/Ac + Pi.e/Wb - Msw/Wb

<=

328.7
Pi <=

852.168 ton.
Pi <=

From (1) dan (2) obtained

852.168 ton.

6.1.2. Final condition at the middle of span

Top fiber :
t = Pe/Ac - (Pe.e-Msw)/Wtp + (MLL+MSDL)/Wtc

=>

265.6
Pe =>

192.342 ton.

Bottom fiber:
b = Pe/Acp + (Pe.e-Msw)/Wbp - (MLL+MSDL)/Wbc

=>

From (4) and (5) obtained

Long term losses are assumed =
From (3) and (6) shown that stressing shall be
Number of required strands approximatly =
Number of provided strands
=
Type of tendons choosed

-41.2
Pe =>

551.161 ton.

Pe =>

551.161 ton.

15
single stage.

%.

48 strands
55 strands
4ScSc5-12+1ScSc5-7
(
SINGLE
-LIVE END)

6.2. Prestress losses

JACKING FORCE

=
then, PJF =

79.0 % UTS.
812.515 ton.

6.2.1. Short term losses

6.2.1.1. Friction at anchor and jack
Loss for VSL system,

dfa =

Force at anchor,

Pa = (1-dfa) . PJF
=

3 %.
788.140 ton.

6.2.1.2. Firction due to curvature and wooble effect

Px = Pa.e^(-mu(alpha+beta.lx))
where
Px
: prestress force at x from anchor.
mu : Coefficient for friction between duct and strand,
used mu =
0.200
alpha : number of curvature angle until x.
beta : coefficient for wobble effect,
used beta =
0.0160
Point- 2 (middle of span)
L2 =
17.300 m.
alpha =
P2 =
Tit

0.065 rad.
736.053 ton.

3 (beam end)
L3 =
alpha =
P3 =

34.600 m.
0.130 rad.
687.408 ton.

6.2.1.3. Draw-in
draw-in influence distance at cable,
xd = SQR(dr . Ep . Ap / m)
where :
dr = draw-in occurred of used system,
at VSL system, draw-in is
Ep = Elasticity of prestressing steel

=
Ep =

For used strand,

Ap = total area of used strands,
namely
m = inclination of force from diagram,
= 2(Pa - P2)/Lb
Then, obtained
xd =

14.525 m.

P1 =

700.676 ton.

P2 =

736.053 ton.

P3 =

687.408 ton.

Pave =

714.516 ton.

T2pi =

13161.0 kg/cm2.

Hence,

0.006 m.
1.95E+6 kg/cm2.

54.291 cm2.

3010.8 kg/m.

6.2.1.4. Elastic shortening of concrete

dTpe = n.Tst/2
i = (I/Ac)^0.5
=
55.308 cm.
Ke = (Ap/Ac) (1+e^2/i^2)
=

0.023
Ep/Ec

n=
=
dTpe' =

4.369
n.Ke.Tpi/(1+n.Ke)

=
1211.2 kg/cm2.
Due to selfweight of beam;
M=
172.318 ton-m.
dTpe =
((dTpe')-(n.M.y/I))/2
=
P2i =

460.2 kg/cm2.
P2 - Ap.(dTpe)

711.068 ton.

6.2.2. Long term losses

6.2.2.1. Shrinkage
dTsh =

Ep.Eb.ke.kh.kp

Theoritical thickness of beam =

From Australian Standard 1481-1978 determined;
Ep =
1.97E+6 kg/cm2.
Eb =
ke =

4.00E-4 for humidity

248 mm.

0.728

kh =

0.887 for stressing after =

kp = 100/(100+20.)
where = percentage of rebar.
rebar chosen, diameter
D =
number =
hence, =
=
0.891
dTsh =

70.0 %.

453.5 kg/cm2.

6.2.2.2. Creep
dTc = kc.kd.ke.kh.Ep.Tci/Ec

14.0 days

13 mm.
22 nos
0.61 %.

where;
kc =

1.10 for humidity

kd =

1.200 for stressing after

ke =

0.728

kh =

0.887

Ep =

1.97E+6 kg/cm2.

Ec =

4.51E+5 kg/cm2.

Tci =

154.8 kg/cm2.

dTc =

576.6 kg/cm2.

70.0 %.

14.0 days

6.2.2.3. Relaxation of strand

dTr = Fr.R.Tpi.[1-2.(dTsh+dTc)/Tpi]
Pi =

711.068 ton.
Fr =

69.1 % UTS -->

For low-relaxation strand, pure relaxation
R=
2.5 %.
Tpi =
13097.5 kg/cm2.
dTsh+dTc =

1030.1 kg/cm2.

dTr =

540.0 kg/cm2.

1.957

6.2.3. Resume of prestress force in beam

* After short term losses;
P1 =

675.692 ton.

P2 =

711.068 ton.

P3 =

662.424 ton.

Pi max.

852.168 ton.

Pe required =

551.161 ton.

* After long term, losses;

Total long term losses;
dTt = dTsh + dTc + dTr
=
P1 =

1570.0 kg/cm2.
590.455 ton.

P2 =

625.831 ton.

P3 =

577.187 ton.

6.2.4. Stresses at critical section

1. AT THE MIDDLE OF SPAN
* Immediately after transfer;
Stresses
Top fiber

CHECK

Bottom fiber :

Allowable

9.9 kg/cm .

OK !

-19.557

260.4 kg/cm2.

OK !

328.680

79.5 kg/cm2.

OK !

91.300

207.6 kg/cm2.

OK !

265.600

-5.1 kg/cm2.

OK !

-41.229

165.2 kg/cm2.

OK !

-19.557

165.2 kg/cm .

OK !

328.680

101.3 kg/cm2.

OK !

265.600

101.3 kg/cm .

OK !

-41.229

* At service condition;
Slab top fiber

Beam top fiber

Bottom fiber :
2. AT SUPPORT
* Immediately after transfer;
Top fiber

Bottom fiber :

* At service condition;
Top fiber

Bottom fiber :

6.2.5. Elongation of cables due to stressing

*

Force diagram at stressing;

PJF =
812.515 ton.
P1 =
788.140 ton.

Ljack =

0.750 m.

P2 =

736.053 ton.

L2 =

17.300 m.

P3 =

687.408 ton.

L3 =

17.300 m.

Elongation of cable is obtained by formula:

dLi = (Pi x Li) / (Ep x Ap)
Hence,

Total elonagtion of cable is

dL1 =

5.7 mm.

dL2 =

123.3 mm.

dL3 =

115.1 mm.

244.1 mm.

6.3.Ulimate capacity calculation

Ultimate moment =

1272.77 ton-m.

Apt =
fp

54.29 cm2.

19000.00 kg/cm2.

fe min =

10875.84 kg/cm2.

0.5*fp =

9500.00 kg/cm2.
fe min > 0.5*fp OK!

pu = fp*(1-k1*k2/j)
k1 =

0.400
k2 = 1/(bef*dp*fc')*{Apt*fp + (Ast - Asc)/fsy}
=
0.85 - 0.007*(fc'-28) =
j

0.216
0.886
0.850

=
T =
C = T

17071.380 kg/cm2.
926.814 ton.
====>

a = j * kud =
a,max =

T = j * kud * bef * fc'

34.63 cm.
30.00 cm.

Mn = T * (dp - a/2) =

1464.050 ton-m.

Mcr = Zb*(fcf' + P/Ag) +P*e =

747.875 ton-m.

Strength reduction factor, f = 0.900

Muk = Mn =
1317.645 ton-m.
Muk > Mu and Muk > 1.2*Mcr ===> OK !!!

(Rebar not considered yet)

6.4. Shear Calculation

* At section with distance d from support, d =

1.75 m.
bv =
0.8h =
bw =

9.10 cm.
128.00 cm.
18.00 cm

Due to selfweight of beam

Due to selfweight of slab
Due to SDL
Due to live load
- Load P
- Load p

- Factor for dead load

- Factor for SDL
- Factor for live load
- ULTIMATE LOAD

Shear
[ton]

Moment
[ton-m]

:
:
:
:
:
:

18.540
17.164
10.997

34.329
31.781
21.400

6.109
23.412

10.708
43.350

=
=
=

1.200
2.000
2.000

123.883

vu = Vu/(bv*d ) =
*

77.67 kg/cm2.

Maximum concrete shear strength

Vc = 0.2 * fc' * bv * d + Pv

Pv = dy/dx * Pe =

35115.08 kg.

Vc =

246937.45 kg.

Flexural shear cracking strength

Vc = b1 * b2 * b3* bv * d * {(Ast+Apt)*fc'/(bv*d)}^(1/3) + V0 +Pv

cp,f = Pe*ex/Wb + Pe/Ac

230.249

b1 =

1.10

b2 =

1.00

b3 =

1.00

Ast =

0.00

95.91 kg/cm2.

M0 = Z * T cp,f =

311544.79 kg-m.

V0 = M0/(M'/V') =

167623.10 kg.

Vc =

252344.75 kg.

Cracking shear strength at web

Vc = Vt + Pv
Vt = 0.3*((fc')^0.5 + fpc)*bv*d =

77474.41 kg.

112589.49 kg.

Vc, min =

112589.49 kg..

Vc

vs = vu/0.7 - vc =

40.37 kg/cm2.

provided stirrups diameter =

10

12

13

16

Av =

1.57

2.26

2.65

4.02

s max =

10.26

14.77

28.89

43.77

stirrups space, s = Av*fy/(vs*bv)

VII. Control to point load T
DLA=0.3
4.9

19.5

34.0
13.0

4.0

19.5

(ton).

m.
5.0

12.0

(m).

19.643

M mid

24.232

314 ton-m.

* Stresses due to point load;

Slab top fiber
Beam top fiber
Bottom fiber :

:
:

78.0 kg/cm2.

Ok!

206.7 kg/cm2.

Ok!

-2.9 kg/cm .

Ok!

VIII. Deflection control at the middle of span

8.1.
8.2.
8.3.
8.4.
8.5.

(" -"=downward, "+"=upward )

Deflection due to selfweight

Y = - 5/384 x q x L^4 / EI =
Deflection due to SDL
Y = - 5/384 x qDL x L^4 / EI - 1/48 x Pd x L^3 / EI =
Deflection due to T
Y = [appropriated formula]
Deflection due to live load
Y = - 5/384 x p x L^4 / EI - 1/48 x P x L^3 / EI =
Deflection due to effective prestress force
Y = 5/384 x (8xPxe/L^2) x L^4 / EI =

-3.2 cm.
-1.0 cm.
-2.1 cm.
-2.2 cm.
+6.5 cm.

IX. Resume

Prestress force:

Elongation of strand due to stressing

Pi =
Pe =

711.068 ton,

or

69.14

625.831 ton,

or

60.85

PJF =
=

812.515 ton,
244 mm.

or

79.00

Deflection ;

Short term

Due to SW+SDL+T)
Due to SW+SDL+LL
Due to SW+SDL+T+PT
Due to SW+SDL+LL+PT
Due to live load only
Allowable defl.=L/
800

=
=
=
=

-6.2
-6.4
0.2
0.1
-2.2
-4.3

Long term

-10.4
-10.5
-3.9
-4.1
OK !
CHECKED

cm.
cm.
cm.
cm.
cm.
cm.

After errection of beam:

Ls+Lc+LT =

30 mm

Weight of beam =

41.261

X. Rotation at support
At service condition: 1DL+1LL+1PT
R= 0.005734 rad
XI. Longitudinal displacement at beam end
due to elastic shortening

Le =

9 mm

due to shrinkage
due to creep
due to temperature

Ls =

9 mm
14 mm
7 mm

XII. Vertical reaction at support

DL =
53.560 t
LL =
32.161 t
1DL+1.5LL, Vu =
101.801 t

Lc =
LT =

SW = 20.630 t

Bearing: [appropriated bearing]

XIII. Stress check at segmental joint at distance x from support (not valid for monolith)
MPTtr=

-388.290 tm

MPTser=

-341.745 tm

Immediately after transfer;

Stresses
Top fiber

CHECK

Bottom fiber :

Allowable

14.19 kg/cm .

OK !

0.00

256.89 kg/cm2.

OK !

328.68

77.05 kg/cm2.

OK !

91.300

234.86 kg/cm .

OK !

328.680

27.54 kg/cm .

OK !

0.000

75.59 kg/cm2.

OK !

91.300

233.41 kg/cm .

OK !

328.680

28.99 kg/cm .

OK !

0.000

At service condition;
Slab top fiber

Beam top fiber

Bottom fiber :

Due to truck point load, T

MT =
Slab top fiber
Beam top fiber
Bottom fiber :

304.645 tm

:
:

2
2

OK !

5
15.0 cm
23.0 cm
7.0 cm

[kg/cm2]
[kg/cm2]

23.0
7.0
12.4
7.5 (
(
(
(
(
107.6 (
(
(
(
(
10.0

0.0
0.0
53.6
53.6
43.6
43.6
61.1
61.1
38.6
38.6

22.5

space

strand
0.000

10.000

10.000

10.000

10.000

10.000

11

10.000

50

71.082
71.082

0.000

..... (1)

..... (2)
..... (3)

..... (4)

..... (5)
..... (6)

mm.
cm2.
cm.

(ton).

% UTS.
% UTS.
% UTS.