Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
UE-305
Group No: 12
ROLL NOs:
UE-01
UE-11
UE-20
UE-37
UE-77
Task: Groups of students from UE-305 class collected soil-aggregate samples from the chosen
location for laboratory testing and following experiment are performed and reported.
Sieve
No.
4
10
20
40
80
100
200
Sieve
Openings
(mm)
4.75
2
0.85
0.425
0.25
0.106
0.075
Weight
Retained
120
194
308
260
104
8
6
% of Weight
Cumulative % Percentage
Retained
Retained
Passing
12.0
12.0
88.0
19.4
31.4
68.6
30.8
62.2
37.8
26.0
88.2
11.8
10.4
98.6
1.4
0.8
99.4
0.6
0.6
100.0
0.0
% Passing
70.0
60.0
50.0
40.0
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
100
10
0.1
0.01
0.001
Size (mm)
76.2
4.75
0.075
0
% Finer
100 88
0
0
Type Of Soil
12 Gravel
88 Sand
0 Silt And Clay
Part (C): Find the liquid limit and plastic limit and relevant index properties
Atterberg limits:
A Swedish soil scientist, Atterberg, engaged in ceramics and agriculture work proposed (1911)
several states of soil consistency. These limits of soil consistency are based on water content
and are:
Liquid Limit:
The water content above, which the soil behaves as a viscous liquid (a soil water mixture with
no measurable shear strength) is called liquid limit. In soils engineering the liquid limit rather
arbitrary is defined as the water content at which 25 blows of the liquid limit machine closes a
standard groove cut in the soil pat for a distance of 12.7 cm.
Plastic limit.
The water content below, which the soil no longer behaves as a plastic material is called plastic
limit. It is the moisture content in percent at which the soil changes from a plastic to a semisolid
state.
Shrinkage limit.
The minimum water content below, which the loss of moisture will occur without further
decrease in volume of soil sample, is called the shrinkage limit. It is the moisture content at which
the soil changes from a semisolid to a solid state. At this stage further loss of moisture occurs
without decrease of volume of the soil.
Typical values for the Atterberg limits for soils are shown in Table 4.5
Soil Sample:
Soil Sample used for the Liquid limit and Plastic limit test is purely a clay soil and is obtained
from local place (Sindhi hotel, Nagan, Karachi)
Brief Introduction about Practical:
Two tests were carried out to determine the consistency of soil.
Test No.1 Liquid Limit: Liquid limit test was carried out by using Casagrande Cup Method ASTM
D4318
a) Determination of Liquid Limit of Soil Sample (Source of Sample = Sindhi Hotel)
Can No.
Mass of the
Can, M1 (g)
1B
4.7
Mass of the
Can + wet Soil,
M2 (g)
27.32
Mass of the
Can + Soil
(M3)
22.1
Moisture
Content, (%)
Number Of
Blows N
30
31
51B
4.61
27.88
22.43
30.58
21
44B
4.7
20
16.26
32.35
17
= Wwater/Wsoil
= (M2-M3)/(M3-M1)
Graph:
Result: Liquid limit of the given cohesive soil sample is found to be 31%
Test No.2 Plastic limit : The plastic limit is determined by rolling a small clay sample into threads
and finding the water content at which threads approximately 3 mm in diameter will just start
to crumble.
b) Determination of Plastic Limit of Soil Sample (Source of Sample = Sindhi Hotel)
Can No.
50A
Mass of the
Can, M1 (g)
9.12
Mass of the
Can + wet Soil,
M2 (g)
13.25
Mass of the
Can + Soil
(M3)
12.66
PL= (M2-M3)/(M3-M1)
(%)
16.67
Result: Plastic limit of the given cohesive soil sample is found to be 16.67
Result
The Soil sample consist of predominantly Silt Material