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Part 3
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Modifying the velocity will remove any calibration that has been
completed in the wizards because the focal laws must be rebuilt.
Using the velocity calibration wizard will also automatically
populate the value.
Vs.
Introduction to Phased Array Using the OmniScan MX2 Part 3 Gate Mode
Gate mode is set in the Gate
\Alarms>Gate>Parameters>Mode sub menu
and determines the point in the gate that is
used for the readings and C-scan data.
There are 3 measure options for position Cscan and thickness or time of flight related
readings:
A. First crossing\edge.
B. First Peak Position.
C. Maximum Peak Position.
There are 2 peak options for amplitude Cscan and related readings:
D. First Peak Amplitude.
E. Maximum Peak Amplitude.
The readings are relative to the selected A-scan in the group and based on the gate
configuration for either peak or leading edge options.
The volumetric readings are available for gate A and gate B.
Gate A readings are boxed in red and gate B readings are boxed in green.
The full list of available readings and definitions is found in the MX2 software users
manual or online help index.
PA
VIA
DA
SA
10
RA
11
12
13
14
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A green V indicates that the current velocity in this group was the result of a
measurement made through the velocity calibration wizard.
A green V is not an indicator that the velocity is within tolerance and has no
relevance to code or procedure compliance.
When a velocity other than that in the MX2 database is required, it is normal
practice to measure it one time with a conventional probe and enter it manually for
future inspections.
It is normal and acceptable for inspection .Ops files that have been calibrated for
sensitivity and TCG to have a red V indicating no velocity wizard calibration was
performed.
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VS.
VS.
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Introduction to Phased Array Using the OmniScan MX2 Part 3 - Wedge Delay
After completion of the group set up wizard move the probe across the calibration
block visualizing a side drilled hole at a known depth. (20mm below)
If the hole indication is consistent and at the same depth for all focal laws the
wedge delay is validated to the satisfaction of ASME, AWS, API and similar codes,
a wedge delay wizard correction is not necessary, and ALL the below parameters
will have been verified:
Wedge velocity.
Wedge angle.
Probe element height
and position.
Material velocity.
20mm SDH
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Introduction to Phased Array Using the OmniScan MX2 Part 3 - Wedge Delay
If the SDH depth changes across the focal laws, it is an indication that one or more
of the parameters input into the group wizard were incorrect or out of tolerance
resulting in refracted angle error.
An incorrect or out of tolerance material velocity error is the most likely parameter
to cause this.
If the SDH is at a consistent depth that is a little short or long the wedge delay
wizard can make the correction.
The wedge delay calibration wizard will not correct angle error or velocity error.
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Introduction to Phased Array Using the OmniScan MX2 Part 3 Wedge Delay
The wedge delay calibration wizard is designed to measure and
offset the sound propagation between the probe and the exit point
of the focal law in the wedge. (54.97usec below)
The function is exactly the same as conventional UT with the
exception that all the variables are available to mathematically
calculate it when exiting the setup group wizard and the function
is performed on many A-scans or focal laws at the same time
instead of just one.
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0mm
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Introduction to Phased Array Using the OmniScan MX2 Part 3 - Wedge Delay
Inputting the wedge, probe, and component parameters correctly into the
group set up wizard is the most accurate means of arriving at the correct
wedge delay.
Use of the wedge delay wizard on a new or unworn wedge that was input
correctly into the group set up wizard will not improve the reading
accuracy and is a common source of problems and inaccurate inspection
results.
Mechanical handling errors and errors due to side drilled holes being
measured at different angles often reduce the accuracy of wedge delay
compared to the calculator results.
The wedge delay wizard will not correct angle error or velocity error, only
wedge height as pictured below.
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Introduction to Phased Array Using the OmniScan MX2 Part 3 - Wedge Delay
The MX2 has wedge delay wizard options for both sound path radius and
true depth side drilled hole (SDH) calibrations.
The preferred and most accurate method is the sound path radius
calibration because it is not dependent on angle trigonometry and can be
performed over a longer sound path typical of the IIW block below.
The true depth wedge delay calibration requires a trigonometry calculation
that includes the angle. When the 70 degree is actually 69 it corrupts the
wedge delay calculation when performed on SDHs in true depth mode.
The calibration block must be of the same material (Same velocity) as the
inspection.
Introduction to Phased Array Using the OmniScan MX2 Part 3 - Wedge Delay
The wedge delay wizard will change the UT mode for the range and display based
on the type of calibration reflector that is selected in the wizard.
If using a standard IIW block, select the UT mode for either true depth or sound path
and adjust the range as follows prior to entering the wizard:
50mm radius
100mm radius
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15mm SDH
Introduction to Phased Array Using the OmniScan MX2 Part 3 - Wedge Delay
Be aware of the selected gate measurement mode. (Peaks or edges)
Changing the gate measurement modes after calibration will affect the
readings. The MX2 default is Peaks.
Enter the wedge delay calibration wizard by selecting
Wizard>Calibration>Type Ultrasound>Mode Wedge Delay>All Angles.
Select start.
Peak Mode
Edge Mode
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Introduction to Phased Array Using the OmniScan MX2 Part 3 - Wedge Delay
Select Echo Type>Radius.
Enter the radius sound path distance. (50 or 100mm if using standard IIW)
Select Next.
Radius
reflector
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Introduction to Phased Array Using the OmniScan MX2 Part 3 - Wedge Delay
Set the position of gate A to cover the radius (Pictured below) or true depth
calibration reflector. The vertical axis of the calibration window is represented by
the gate start and width.
Set the threshold of gate A to 10% amplitude.
Select Next.
Gate width
100mm
radius
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Introduction to Phased Array Using the OmniScan MX2 Part 3 - Wedge Delay
Select Clear Envelope and move the probe across the calibration block passing
each focal law through the 100mm radius maximum amplitude position.
The white envelope trace represents the position in mm for the maximum amplitude
signal for each focal law.
Prior to calibration the 57 degree focal law is reading 104mm in sound path. The
calibration wizard will correct each focal law to 100mm sound path by modifying the
the beam delay that was originally calculated by the group set up wizard. (UT
Settings>Beam>Beam Delay)
Select Calibrate.
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Introduction to Phased Array Using the OmniScan MX2 Part 3 - Wedge Delay
After selecting calibrate, move the probe over the block again passing each focal
law through the 100mm radius maximum amplitude position to verify that the wedge
delay was modified correctly.
If the wedge delay calibration was successful the new white envelope trace will be
contained within the tolerance window indicating all focal laws are detecting the
100mm radius +/- 1mm.
Calibrate can be selected repeatedly improving the calibration until the white
envelope trace is contained within the +/- 1mm tolerance.
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31
32
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Prior to sensitivity calibration lower angles will detect the target at a higher amplitude
than the higher angles due to a longer sound path and more attenuation.
Without sensitivity calibration defects can be missed and all focal laws cannot be
used for code required amplitude based acceptance criteria such as ASME section V
and similar.
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25.7 Total dB (No sensitivity calibration)
In the examples below, the MX2 general gain of 24.1dB is applied to all focal laws in
the group.
After completion of the sensitivity calibration wizard each focal law applies a
calibrated gain offset that is added to the general gain to achieve the required
sensitivity, typically 80% amplitude.
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6mm
12mm
20mm
The target used for sensitivity calibration should be in the general range of the
area of interest for the inspection and specified in the work procedure.
A general rule of thumb for weld inspection is to use the closest calibration target
available that is at least 1.5 times the skip thickness in true depth.
SDH selection for sensitivity calibration that is too shallow or too deep results in
poor inspection results and may impede TCG construction.
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5% tolerance window
Amplitude envelope
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Focal law
45-70
Focal law
45-60
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Focal law
61-70
Gate A
Gate A
Gate A
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2dB
2dB
2dB
2dB
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2dB
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43
44
45
46
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The ease at which flaws are detected, characterized, and sized in analysis
is directly related to the quality of the sensitivity and TCG calibrations.
45-70 degree S-scan with TCG
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49
Gate A
Gate A
Gate A
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UT>General>Beam>Gain Offset
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Thank You!
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