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Maximum outboard engine power rating for which

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kilowatts or horsepower.

Maximum outboard engine weight for which the

boat has been designed and tested, expressed in
kilograms.

Maximum number of persons on the boat, as

recommended by the boats builder, expressed in a
whole number and in kilograms.

Maximum load for the boat, as recommended by the

boats builder, expressed in kilograms.

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buoyancy statement. Up until 1 July 2006, the terms
used may be either level flotation, basic flotation
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inadequate flotation will no longer be allowed to
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boat different to the builders specifications, the
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32

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most commonly used by larger,
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in small craft. CQR or Plough
anchors also have good holding
power in sand and mud but
should not be used on reefs.

In coral reef areas it is better to anchor on sand where a

Danforth or plough anchor is more suitable. Do not anchor
on coral unless in an emergency.
A sea anchor or drogue is used in heavy seas to slow the
drift and keep the bow of the boat into the wind and the
waves. This will also provide more comfortable conditions
when drifting in choppy seas.

Anchor lines
Anchors also must have something to attach them to the
boat. This is called the anchor rode and may consist of line,
chain or a combination of both. The whole system of gear
including anchor, rope and shackles is called ground tackle.

It is essential to use the proper length of anchor line to hold

the ship in all conditions. To calculate how much line to
let out, allow for a ratio of 5 to 1. If conditions are extreme,
increase the ratio to 8 to 1. The flatter the pull on the anchor,
then the better it will hold. The ability of the anchor to hold
the ship will also vary with the nature of the seabed.

Anchoring
Keep the anchor, its chain and rope tidymany boats have
a chain locker or well. A plastic crate, bin or open bag keeps
things neat. Leave the end out (or feed it through a hole in
the crate or bin) to tie to the boat, then lay the rope down
coil-by-coil, then the chain and anchor. Ensure the end is
secured to the boat.
Charts or local knowledge will tell you where there is good
holding groundbeware of submarine cables and other
moorings.
When anchoring, lower the anchor to the bottomdont pick
a bundle of anchor chain and line and throw it over hoping
it will untangle. Always lay your anchor line outlet it touch
bottom and let the boat go astern until sufficient line is
paid out.
Dont be tempted to anchor by the stern. Anchoring by the
stern causes the stern of the ship to sit lower in the water.
Any wave actions or even the wash of other ships can cause
water to flow over the stern. Always anchor by the bow.

Manoeuvring

Manoeuvring
If you plan to go boating offshore or on an extended trip, a
sea anchor is a valuable piece of equipment.

Scope means the ratio of the length of anchor line let out to
the depth of water in the place you are anchoring.

BoatSafe Workbook

Reef or grapnel anchors are

designed to hold on coral or rocks.
Other types of anchors will lodge under
coral and thats where they will remain.
The prongs on a reef anchor are meant
to straighten out when excessive
load is applied and can then be bent
back into position and you create less
damage to the coral.

The scope

Ensure you take into account the rise and fall of the tide
when selecting a long-stay anchorage.

Anchor lines are important. Dont use an anchor line that

floats such as a polypropylene. It can hinder the anchor
from digging in and holding and is also prone to being
cut off by boat propellers. Nylon and silver rope are both
suitable material for anchor lines. Nylon is best known for
its strength and stretching ability plus being more resistant
to abrasion. Silver rope has less tensile strength.
There should always be a good length of chain (at least
23 metres) between the anchor and the anchor line.The
purpose of the chain is to keep the stock or shank of the
anchor parallel to the seabed that then allows the flukes of
the anchor to gain maximum penetration into the seabed.
The chain also helps prevent the anchor line chafing on
the bottom. Generally the bigger the boat, the more chain
you require.
The length of the anchor line may need to exceed five times
the depth of water in which you normally operate. If you
mark off the rope at regular intervals with coloured twine,
youll know how much rope to release so that the anchor
sets correctly.

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ALPHA

B* BRAVO
C* CHARLIE

On the water

D* DELTA
E*

ECHO

FOXTROT

I am taking in, or discharging,

or carrying dangerous goods.
Yes (armative or
The signicance of the
previous group should be
read in the armative).
Keep clear of me; I am
manoeuvring with diculty.

I am altering my course
to starboard.

I am disabled; communicate
with me.

G* GOLF
H* HOTEL

52

I have a diver down; keep well

clear at slow speed.

I*

INDIA

JULIETT

KILO

I require a pilot.
FISHING VESSELS:
I am hauling nets.

I have a pilot on board.

I am altering my course to port.

I am on re and have
dangerous cargo on board;
keep well clear of me.
I wish to communicate
with you.

LIMA

MIKE

NOVEMBER

You should stop your vessel

instantly.

OSCAR

PAPA

QUEBEC

ROMEO

S*

SIERRA

T*

TANGO

UNIFORM

VICTOR

WHISKEY

X-RAY

YANKEE

Z*

ZULU

Man overboard.

IN HARBOUR: About to sail.

FISHING VESSELS AT SEA:
Nets fast on an obstruction.
My vessel is Healthy and
I request free pratique.

No single international
meaning allocated.

My engines are going astern.

Keep clear of me; I am engaged

in pair trawling.

You are running into danger.

I require assistance.

I require medical assistance.

Stop carrying out your

intentions and watch for
my signals.

I am dragging my anchor.

I require a tug.
FISHING VESSELS:
I am shooting nets.

My vessel is stopped and

making no way through
the water.
No (negative or
The signicance of the
previous group should be
read in the negative).

An international
distress signal.

Proceed at slow
speed when
passing.

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The IRPCS is brought into effect in Queensland by the Transport Operations (Marine Safety) Act 1994 and Regulation 2004.
The legislation also imposes special local Rules, the most notable of which relate to speed and wash limits.

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The State of Queensland (Department of Community Safety) August 2011.
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7.1 Further reading

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