250ml Volumetric analysis standards

and solutions
Preparation of 0.1M and 0.1N
Volumetric analysis titration Standards
This page gives info on the weight of salt required to make up 250 ml volumetric analysis standards
for titration against acid base, permanganate, dichromate, iodine, sodium thiosulphate and silver
nitrate. The weight was calculated according to the reaction process of the particular determination.
Concentrations are expressed in molarity, normality and equivalents.
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On this page:
Acid / base titrations
Oxidation / Reduction
permanganate and dichromate

Iodometry
iodine and thiosulphate

Precipitation titrations
silver nitrate

Acid / Base Titrations

Example for the info on this page:

Sodium carbonate
Na2CO3, FW = 106,
Eq. =53g/l
250ml 0.05M =
1.325g = 0.1N
In this example, the FW or Formula weight (Molecular weight) of the salt is 106. Eq. is the
equivalent weight which is 53 grams per liter. And 1.325 grams dissolved up to mark in 250
ml volumetric flask will give a 0.05 M standard solution or a 0.1N standard solution.
Ammonium sulphate
(NH4)2SO4. FW = 132.14, Eq. = 66g/l.
250ml 0.05M = 1.325g = 0.1N

Adipic acid

HO2C(CH2)4CO2H, FW = 146.4, Eq. =

73.03g/l
250ml 0.05M = 1.83g = 0.1N

Barium hydroxide

Benzoic acid

Ba(OH)2.8H2O, FW = 315.48, Eq. = 157.5g/l

250ml 0.05M = 3.94g = 0.1N

C6H5COOH, FW = 122.12, Eq. = 61g/l

250ml 0.05M = 1.52g = 0.1N

Calcium carbonate

Furroic acid

CaCO3, FW = 100.00, Eq. = 50g/l

250ml 0.05M = 1.25g = 0.1N

FW = 112.08, Eq. = 112g/l

250ml 0.1M = 2.8g = 0.1N

Hydrochloric acid

HCl, FW = 36.5, Density = 1.2

1M = 83mls = 1N (Use 86mls)
250ml 0.1M = 2mls = 0.1N
1 liter 0.1M soln = 8.6mls = 0.1N

Oxalic acid

Potassium hydrogen phthalate

Potassiun hydrogen iodate

KH(C8H4O4), FW = 204.23, Eq. =204g/l

250ml 0.1M = 5.105g = 0.1N

KH(IO3)2, FW = 389.92, Eq. 73.07g/l

250ml 0.1M = 9.75g = 0.1N

H2C2O4.2H2O, FW = 126.07, Eq. = 63g/l

250ml 0.05M = 1.575g = 0.1N

Sodium hydroxide

Sodium carbonate

Na2CO3, FW = 106, Eq. =53g/l

250ml 0.05M = 1.325g = 0.1N

NaOH, FW = 40, Eq. = 40g/l

250ml 0.1M = 1.0g = 0.1N
1 liter 0.1M soln = 4g = 0.1N
Sodium tetraborate

Sodium oxalate

Na2C2O4, FW = 134.00, Eq. =134g/l

250 0.1M = 3.35g = 0.1N
Succinic acid

HO2CCH2CH2CO2H, FW = 118.09, Eq. =

59.045g/l
250ml 0.05M = 1.475g = 0.1N
Sulphuric acid

H2SO4, FW = 98.08, Density = 1.8

1M = 56mls = 2N
250ml 0.05M = 0.7mls = 0.1N
1 liter 0.05M = 2.8mls = 0.1N (use 3 mls)

NaB4O7.10H2O, FW = 381.37, Eq.

=190g/l
250ml 0.05M = 4.762g =0.1N
Sulphamic acid

H2NSO3H, FW = 97.09, Eq. = 99.09g/l

250ml 0.10M = 2.425 = 0.1N
Tris (hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane

H2N.C(CH2OH)3, FW = 121.14, Eq. =

121g/l
250ml 0.1M = 3.023g =0.1N

Titrations with Permanganate

5Na2C2O4 + 2KMnO4 + 8H2SO4 = 10CO2 + 2MnSO4 + 5Na2SO4 + 8H2O
Reaction of Potassium permanganate and Sodium oxalate

Ferrous ammonium sulphate

(NH4)2C2O4, FW = 124, Eq. = 62g/l

250ml 0.05M = 1.55g = 0.1N

FeSO4(NH4)2SO4.6H2O, FW = 392,
Eq. 392g/l
250ml 0.1M = 9.8g = 0.1N (add a few
drops of conc. H2SO4 to clear)

Hhdrogen peroxide

Iron allum (ferric ammonium sulphate)

H2O2, FW = 34. Eq. = 17g/l

10 Vol. = 3%

FeNH4(SO4)2.12H2O, FW = 482.19,
Eq. =241g/l

Ammonium oxalate

20 Vol. = 6% = 1.8M
100 Vol. = 30%
250ml 0.05M = 12.50ml of 20 Vol. = 0.1N
1 liter 0.05M = 50ml of 20 Vol. = 0.1N (add 2 mls
conc. H2SO4 per liter soln)
1 liter 0.05M = 10mls of 100 Vol.
1 liter 0.05M =35mls of 30 Vol.
Volume strength = 11.2/34 x strongth of peroxide
in g/l

250ml 0.05M = 6.02g = 0.1N

Oxalic acid (anhyd.)

H2C2O4, FW = 90, Eq. = 45g/l

250ml 0.05M =1.125g = 0.1N

Sodium nitrite

Potassium permanganate

KMnO4, FW =158.04, Eq. ==31.6g/l

250ml 0.02M = 0.79g = 0.1N (dissolve in hot
water)
1 liter 0.02M = 3.16g = 0.1N (boil to dissolve
crystals, then dilute to 1liter)

NaNO2, FW = 69.00, Eq. = 34.56/l

250ml 0.05M = 0.86g = 0.1N (use 1g)
Sodium oxalate

Na2C204, FW = 234, Eq. = 67g/l

250ml 0.05M = 1.675g = 0.1N

Titrations with Dichromate

K2Cr2O7 + 6Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2 + 7H2O4 = 3Fe2(SO4)3 + Cr2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + 6(NH4)2SO4 +
7H2O
Reaction of Potassium dichromate and Ammonium ferrous sulphate

Potassium dichromate

K2Cr2O7, FW = 294, Eq. = 49g/l

250ml 0.0167M = 1.22g = 0.1N
1 liter 0.0167M = 4.90g = 0.1N
Potassium iodate

KIO3, FW = 214, Eq. = 35.73g/l

250ml 0.0167M = 0.892g = 0.1N

Tin, Sn,

FW = 119.0, Eq. = 59.5g/l

Tin (11) chloride (use metallic tin dissolved in
conc. HCl)
250ml 0.05M = 1.49g = 0.1N
Spathic iron ore

FeCO3, FW = 116, Eq. = 116g/l

250ml 0.1M = 2.9g = 0.1N

Titrations with iodine and Thiosulphate

I2 + 2Na2S2O3 = Na2S4O6 + 2NaI
Reaction of Iodine and Sodium thiosulphate

Potassium iodide

KI, FW = 166, Eq.

=166g/l
250ml 0.1M = 4.15g =
0.1N
1liter = 0.1M 16.6g =
0.1N

Sodium thiosulphate

Na2S2O3.5H2O, FW = 248.18, Eq. = 248g/l

250ml 0.1M = 6.2g = 0.1N
1 liter 0.1M = 24.8g = 0.1N

Iodine, I2

FW = 253.18, Eq. =
127g/l
1 liter 0.05M = 12.7g =
0.1N
(use 13g Iodine and add
25g KI

Potassium iodate

KIO3, FW = 214 Eq. = 35.73g/l

250ml 0.0167M = 0.892g = 0.1N

Copper sulphate

CuSO4.5H2O, FW = 249.68, Eq. = 249.68g/l

250ml 0.1M = 6.24g = 0.1N
Note: add anhy. NaCO3 untill a slight permanent bluish colour
is formed. Add a little acetic acid to get a clear blue colour,
then make up to the mark.

Copper sulphate, anhydrous

CuSO4, FW = 159.6, Eq.

= 159.6g/l
250ml 0.1M = 4g =0.1N
Sodium sulphite

Bleaching powder

CaOCl2, FW = 145, Eq. = 72,5g/l

250ml 0.05M = 1.81g = 0,1N
(use 2.5g)

Na2SO3.5H2O, FW =
126.04, Eq. = 63g/l
250ml 0.05M = 1.57g =
0.1N

Titrations with Silver Nitrate

1. AgNO3 + NaCl = AgCl = NaNO3 and K2CrO4 + 2AgNO3 = Ag2CrO4 + 2KNO3
2. AgNO3 + KSCN = AgSCN + KNO3 and AgSCN + Fe3+ indicator = [FeSCN]+2

Silver nitrate

AgNO3, FW = 170, Eq. =170g/l

250ml 0.1M = 4.25g = 0.1N
Sodium chloride

NaCl, FW = 58.5, Eq. = 58.5g/l

250ml 0.1M = 1.4625g = 0.1N

Potassium chromate

K2CrO4, FW = 194.20, Eq. =32.4g/l

250ml 0.0167M = 0.81g = 0.1N
1 liter 0.0167M = 3.24g = 0.1N
(add a few mls dil. H2SO4 to clear)

Ammonium thiocyanate

Potassium thiocyanate

NH4CNS, FW = 76.12, Eq. = 76.12g/l

250ml 0.1M = 1.9g = 0.1N
1 liter 0.1M = 7.6g = 0.1N

KCNS, FW = 97.18, Eq. = 97g/l

250ml 0.1M = 2.4g = 0.1N (use 3g)
1 liter 0.1M = 9.74g = 0.1N (use 12g)

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