Lecture-1

Introduction to: Design of Thermal Equipment

Prof. M. A. Hassab
Mechanical Engineering Department
Alexandria University

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Dr M Hassab

Types of Heat Exchangers

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Types of Heat Exchangers

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Double-Pipe Heat Exchangers

Double-Pipe: A heat exchanger built from concentric tubes. These
are simple to construct, but may require a lot of physical space to
achieve the desired heat transfer area. Can be used for gases and
liquids.

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Shell-and Tube Heat Exchanger

The standard nomenclature for shell and tube heat exchanger

1. Stationary Head-Channel

20. Slip-on Backing Flange

30. Longitudinal Baffle

2. Stationary Head-Bonnet

21. Floating Head Cover-External

31. Pass Partition

3. Stationary Head Flange-Channel or 22. Floating Tube sheet Skirt

32. Vent Connection

Bonnet

23. Packing Box

33. Drain Connection

4. Channel Cover

24. Packing

34. Instrument Connection

5. Stationary Head Nozzle

25. Packing Gland

35. Support Saddle

6. Stationary Tube sheet

26. Lantern Ring

36. Lifting Lug

7. Tubes

27. Tie-rods and Spacers

37. Support Bracket

8. Shell

28. Support Plates

38. Weir

9. Shell Cover

29. Impingement Plate

39. Liquid Level Connection

10. Shell Flange-Stationary Head End

40. Floating Head Support

11. Shell Flange-Rear Head End

12. Shell Node
13. Shell Cover Flange
14. Expansion Joint
15. Floating Tube sheet
16. Floating Head Cover
17. Floating Head Cover Flange
18. Floating Head Backing Device
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Split Shear Ring

Dr M Hassab

Spiral Heat Exchanger

Spiral: Constructed from sheets of metal wound in a circular
fashion. The fluids flow in adjacent chambers between the sheets
of metal. This design is based on the ease of fabrication.

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Gasket Plate Heat Exchanger

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Air-cooled exchangers (tube-fin Heat Exchanger)

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Plate-Fin Exchanger

Made up of flat plates (parting sheets) and corrugated sheets

which form fins
Brazed by heating in vacuum furnace
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Corrugated geo etries for plate- heat excha gers

Basic components of a
plate- heat excha ger

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Regenerative heat exchanger

Rotary regenerator heat exchanger

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Regenerative heat exchanger (air preheater)

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Cooling and Dehumidifying Coils

(tube-fin heat Exchanger)
Types of Coils:
Cooling coils are classified to direct-expansion (DX) coils and
chilled water coils as shown below.

DX-cooling coil
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Chilled water coil

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Parts of cooling Tower

Design and Operation Considerations

Cooling towers are a very important part
of many chemical plants. They represent
a relatively inexpensive and dependable
means of removing low grade heat from
cooling water. The make-up water source
is used to replenish water lost by
evaporation.

1.
MOTORS
2. FAN DRIVES
3. TOWER FILL

6. INLET LOUVERS
7. WATER DISTRIBUTION
Closed Loop Cooling Tower System
SYSTEM
4&5. Cooling Tower 8. TOWER SHELL
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Basin

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