QTP Interview Questions and answers

Question.1 What phases are involved in testing an application in

QTP?
Answer: The Quick Test Professional process consists of the following main
phases:
Analyzing Application: before preparing test cases need to analyze the
application to find out the testing needs.
Preparing Testing Infrastructure: based on testing needs create those
resources, resources like, shared repository, function library etc.
Building Test Cases: create test script containing action to be performed
while testing. Add object repository with the test function libraries.
Enhancing Test: by making use of checkpoints, broadening the scope of test,
add logic and condition to test for checking purpose.
Debugging, Running and analyzing Test: debug the test so that it works
without interruption. Run these test and analyze the test result generated by
QTP
Report Defects: lock bug into the bug report and send it to the development
team.
Question.2 How many types of recording modes in the QTP?
Answer: The QTP enable us with three type of recording mode:
Normal (by Default recording): In this recording mode QTP identify the object
irrespective of their location on the screen. It is done by recording object
based on application window.
Analog Recording: it is used when exact mouse movement and action
performed by mouse is important. Used in testing the paint application and
signature made with the help of mouse.
Low Level Recording: it helps in identifying those objects which is not
recognized by the QTP. It is used when the location of object is changing
inside the screen.[sociallocker]
Question.3 What is object repository?
Answer: Object Repository: when QTP learn any object from application it
stores those object in the Object Repository with the properties of the object.
It is used to identify the object. There are two types of object repository:
Shared Object Repository: It can be shared between multiple tests but it does
not allow making changes in the repository. Mostly used in Keyword Driven
methodology. It is saved with .TSR extension.
Local Object Repository: This type of object repository is linked with only one
test. In this we can perform change in the repository, like changing the
properties of the object, adding object in the repository. It is saved with .MTR
extension.
Question.4 Explain step generator in QTP?
Answer: Step Generator in QTP helps in creating those steps which is
performed over the object while testing. Use of Step Generator in QTP:
Help in debugging the script by making use of Break.
To add those step which we forget to perform while recording.
To ensure that objects exist in the repository

To add up step in the function library.

Question.5 Explain the use of Action Split in QTP?
Answer: Action Split: it is used to split the action into two parts. There are
two type of split an action:
Splitting into two sibling action: both split actions are independent of each
other.
Splitting into Parent-Child nested action: in this second split action is only
called after the execution of the parent split action. Child split action
depends upon the parent split action.
QTP generated the duplicate copy of the object repository when we perform
Split action. We can add object to anyone spilt action which is not added into
another split actions repository.
Question.6 What is the purpose of loading QTP Add-Ins?
Answer:
Add-Ins: are small programs or files which can be added to
computer in order to enhance the capabilities of the system. The purposes of
loading Add-Ins into QTP are following:
To increase capabilities of the system.
To improve the graphics quality, communications interface.
To load the particular function into the memory.
To excess only those functions that is required for the execution of the script.
Question.7 What is a data driven test in QTP?
Answer: Data Driven is an automation testing part in which test input or
output values, these values are read from data files. It is performed when the
values are changing by the time. The different data files may include data
pools. The data is then loaded into variables in recorded or manually coded
scripts. In QTP to perform the data to drive the test, we use the
parameterization process. When we do data-driven test, we perform two
extra steps:
Converting the test to a data-driven test.
Creating a corresponding data table.
Question.8 How to use Parameterization in QTP?
Answer: It is the process of making use of different values in place of
recorded values which is replaced by variable which contains different values
that can be used during the execution of the scripts. QTP enable us with
different type of Parameterization, passing of data:
Using Loop statement.
Dynamically test data submission
Using data table.
Fetching data from external files.
Fetching data from databases.
By taking test data front end(GUI)
Question.9 Is it possible to call from one action to another action in
QTP?
Answer: Yes, QTP enable us to call from one action to another action. There
are two ways of calling action:

Call to Copy of action: in this we generate the copy of action in our repository
which enables us to perform change to the copy of action.
Call to Existing action: we call to action which is made up earlier. This
generates the reference to the action. We can access the action in read only
mode. In this no copy of existing script and data table is made.
Question.10 Explain different types of action in QTP?
Answer: When generating the test script, it includes only one action.
Action contains the number of steps to be performed on application to test
the application. There are three type of action in QTP:
Non-Reusable action: it can be called by test only once in which it is stored.
Reusable action: it can be called by test multiple times in which it is stored.
External action: it is reusable action but stored in external test. We can call
external action but it will be available in read only mode we cannot perform
any change to the External Action.
Question.11 What is difference between Run time object and Test
object?
Answer: The difference between Run time Object and Test object are:
Run time object are actual object in the application whereas test object are
reference of the actual object.
Run time object always have same name whereas test object name varies in
different environment.
Test object are used to identify the actual object in the application which is
run time objects.
Run time object resides in the application whereas test object resides in the
object repository.
Question.12 Explain Measuring Transaction?
Answer: Measuring transaction means that to measure how much time it
take to execute a set of step over the application. A transaction is collection
of steps that we are intended to know how much time it take to execute. We
can define the transaction by enclosing the set of steps with the start
transaction and end transaction.
Start transaction: after encounter of start transaction time measurement
start.
End transaction: it is used to stop the time measurement.
Question.13 Explain different checkpoints in QTP?
Answer: Checkpoint is a point where QTP current value or property of the
object with the expected value or property of the object. When we insert the
check point in the test, then in keyword view checkpoint is added in front of
current row and in expert view a checkpoint statement is added. QTP enable
us with following types of check point:
Standard Checkpoint: check properties of objects like button, combo boxes,
list etc.
Image Checkpoint: check value of an image
Bitmap Checkpoint: check image zooming capability.
Table Checkpoint: check information of a table.
Text Checkpoint: check text is displayed on correct place.

Text Area Checkpoint: check text is displayed in specific area.

Accessibility Checkpoint: used to determine website which is not as per W3C
guidelines.
Page Checkpoint: checks properties of the webpage.
Database Checkpoint: check content of database
XML Checkpoint: check XML content.
Question.14 Can we create a QTP test from QC?
Answer: Yes we can create QTP test from QC but we must first make sure
QTP has the ability to execute tests from Quality Center. Please ensure the
following option in QTP Run Settings is enabled:
When QTP is enabled, follow the below steps to schedule and execute tests
from Quality Center:
1. Login to Quality Center and Navigate to Test Lab Module
2. After selecting the correct Test Set, Click the Execution Flow Tab.
3. Right-click on the test that requires configuration of Time Dependency and
click Test Run Schedule.
4. In the Run Schedule window, select the Time Dependency tab. The time
and date of execution can be configured.
5. Time dependency will be added to the relevant test.
6. After time dependency has been added, navigate back to the Execution
Grid pane. From the Execution Grid, select the tests to be run at the
designated date and time.
7. From the Automatic Runner dialog, click Run All.
8. Once Run All is clicked from the Automatic Runner dialog, the test status
will change to Waiting and QC will fire the tests to be run at the scheduled
date and time:
9. QC will fire the tests in the sequence configured in the Execution Flow
pane. The Test Run Scheduler will show all the tests that were selected and
are executing and are to be executed.
Question.15 What is expert view and keyword view?
Answer: Expert View: It contains the steps performed over the application
in VBScript language.
Expert view enables us to editing the script.
In keyword view a row exist for each object and method which is mention in
Expert View.
Keyword View: contains the steps executed on the application in keyword
driven tabular form in English language.
Keyword View contains four fields: ITEM, Operation, Value, and Document.
Selecting items and operation we can create and modify test.
Question.16 Describe Synchronization Point?
Answer: Synchronization Point: When application response speed is not
same as the test execution speed this may cause error. In order to remove
this error we use Synchronization point. Synchronization is done by making
QTP test to wait until the application is ready for execution. When we insert
Synchronization point in test then QTP generates the WaitProperty Statement
in the ExpertView. For synchronization we can use:

Exist statement
Wait statement.
Increase the defaulted time of QTP waits for web page to load.
Change in default timeout setting.
Question.17 Explain checkpoint?
Answer: Checkpoint is a point where QTP current value or property of the
object with the expected value or property of the object. When we insert the
check point in the test, then in keyword view checkpoint is added in front of
current row and in expert view a checkpoint statement is added
Question.18 What is Keyword Driven Framework?
Answer: In Keyword driven framework the QTP executed script which is
written in the excel sheet by help of Driver Script. For making Keyword
Driven Framework we have two ways:
Specify Script Values Directly in the Excel
Write Global Functions to perform action on application as function keywords
in Excel.
Question.19 What are benefits of QTP?
Answer: The benefits of QTP are:
Standalone tool and integrated with Quality Center.
Testing results stores in database automatically, can be used for analyzing
system performance.
Supports Key word driven testing.
QTP Identifies objects, even if they change from build to build.
By using QTP, Test execution time and cost will reduce.
Suitable for both client server and web based application
Better error handling mechanism
Excellent data driven testing features.[/sociallocker]

ETL Testing Interview Questions and answers

Question.1 What is a Data Warehouse?
Answer: A Data Warehouse is a collection of data marts representing historical
data from different operational data source (OLTP). The data from these OLTP are
structured and optimized for querying and data analysis in a Data Warehouse.
Question.2 What is a Data mart?
Answer: A Data Mart is a subset of a data warehouse that can provide data for
reporting and analysis on a section, unit or a department like Sales Dept, HR Dept,
etc. The Data Mart are sometimes also called as HPQS (Higher Performance Query
Structure).[sociallocker]
Question.3 What is OLAP?
Answer:
OLAP stands for Online Analytical Processing. It uses database tables
(Fact and Dimension tables) to enable multidimensional viewing, analysis and
querying of large amount of data.
Question.4 What is OLTP?
Answer: OLTP stands for Online Transaction Processing Except data warehouse
databases the other databases are OLTPs. These OLTP uses normalized schema
structure. These OLTP databases are designed for recording the daily operations and
transactions of a business.
Question.5 What are Dimensions?

Answer: Dimensions are categories by which summarized data can be viewed.

For example a profit Fact table can be viewed by a time dimension.
Question.6 What are Confirmed Dimensions?
Answer: The Dimensions which are reusable and fixed in nature Example
customer, time, geography dimensions.
Question.7 What are Fact Tables?
Answer: A Fact Table is a table that contains summarized numerical (facts) and
historical data. This Fact Table has a foreign key-primary key relation with a
dimension table. The Fact Table maintains the information in 3rd normal form.
A star schema is defined is defined as a logical database design in which
there will be a centrally located fact table which is surrounded by at least one or
more dimension tables. This design is best suited for Data Warehouse or Data Mart.
Question.8 What are the types of Facts?
Answer: The types of Facts are as follows.
1.
Additive Facts: A Fact which can be summed up for any of the dimension
available in the fact table.
2.
Semi-Additive Facts: A Fact which can be summed up to a few dimensions and
not for all dimensions available in the fact table.
3.
Non-Additive Fact: A Fact which cannot be summed up for any of the
dimensions available in the fact table.
Question.9 What are the types of Fact Tables?
Answer: The types of Fact Tables are:
1.
Cumulative Fact Table: This type of fact tables generally describes what was
happened over the period of time. They contain additive facts.
2.
Snapshot Fact Table: This type of fact table deals with the particular period of
time. They contain non-additive and semi-additive facts.
Question.10 What is Grain of Fact?
Answer: The Grain of Fact is defined as the level at which the fact information is
stored in a fact table. This is also called as Fact Granularity or Fact Event Level.
Question.11 What is Factless Fact table?
Answer: The Fact Table which does not contains facts is called as Fact Table.
Generally when we need to combine two data marts, then one data mart will have a
fact less fact table and other one with common fact table.
Question.12 What are Measures?
Answer: Measures are numeric data based on columns in a fact table.
Question.13 What are Cubes?
Answer: Cubes are data processing units composed of fact tables and dimensions
from the data warehouse. They provided multidimensional analysis.
Question.14 What are Virtual Cubes?
Answer:
These are combination of one or more real cubes and require no disk
space to store them. They store only definition and not the data.
Question.15 What is a Star schema design?
Answer:
A Star schema is defined as a logical database design in which there
will be a centrally located fact table which is surrounded by at least one or more
dimension tables. This design is best suited for Data Warehouse or Data Mart.
Question.16 What is Snow Flake schema Design?
Answer:
In a Snow Flake design the dimension table (de-normalized table) will
be further divided into one or more dimensions (normalized tables) to organize the
information in a better structural format. To design snow flake we should first design
star schema design.

Question.17 What is Operational Data Store [ODS] ?

Answer:
It is a collection of integrated databases designed to support
operational monitoring. Unlike the OLTP databases, the data in the ODS are
integrated, subject oriented and enterprise wide data.
Question.18 What is Denormalization?
Answer: Denormalization means a table with multi duplicate key. The dimension
table follows Denormalization method with the technique of surrogate key.
Question.19 What is Surrogate Key?
Answer: A Surrogate Key is a sequence generated key which is assigned to be a
primary key in the system (table).[/signinlocker]