ABSTRACT 1

The environmental impacts due to technology applications have been an interesting issue for
researchers and engineers worldwide. Inovations in development such as friendly environmentally
technology have been implemented to minimise severe consequences of the impacts, including in
electricity generation technology. It has been known that the use of fossil fuel will increase the
emission of greenhouse gasses, such as SO2, NO and CO2.A strong regulation for emission of
greenhouse gasses has imposed a great extent of efforts in reducing the emitted gases.
At present, the electricity need for Penida island is mainly generated using diesel generating system.
The use of large amount of diesel oil for electricity generation certainly increases the emitted
greenhouse gasses. This paper discusses an alternative technology in wind energy utilisation for
electricity generation at Penida Island. The position of Penida island, which is in the ocean front
region, yields a high potential use of wind energy for electricity generation.
The analysis results show that at the Penida Island, the electricity may be produced with a maximum
power of 50kW from a single wind turbine. In order to fulfil the total electrical energy need for the
island, it is required to develop hundreds of turbines. Development of this amount of wind turbines
certainly produces other related environmental impacts, such as ecological impacts, visual aesthetics
and generated noises.
The Abstract consist of 220 words.
The abstract explains that nowadays alternative energy is needed. Whereas the fossil energy have
impact, such as environmental pollution from the industry waste and residual things which are
polluting the air and soil water, the continuous or impulsive noise that can lead to disease, the
uncomfortable environment for settlement, make a bad image for industrial area.
Viewed from the potential of wind in Indonesia, as in Penida Island, it can be used its potential.
Penida Island is the island in Bali that directly facing with Hindia Ocean, so that the wind
potential can be used for wind power plants. With the wind speed in the Penida Island, we can
know the size of windmill and the power generated in each area. From the speed quantity of the
wind that maximal measured, we can produce 50kW power in each windmill.
Although the wind power plants is one of the renewable energy that it cant exhausted like fossil
energy, the fact is the wind power plant also have negative impacts. The negative impacts are:
visual impact, noise, and high investment cost. But it can be minimized with the central
government assistance to fund the development, set the high and choose the type of windmill for
reduce the noise, and utilize the land around the windmill for farmland or tourism place. But, from

the all of negative impact, the uses of alternative energy have more positive impact especially for
the environment. So the uses of alternative energy are appropriately applied.
The points discussed in the abstract:

The impact of fossil energy against environment.

The Study of Wind Energy Potential as Power Plant in Nusa Penida.
The Environment Impact of the Wind Power Plant.

ABSTRACT 2
Pekalongan Residence has a relatively many sand and gravel deposits particularly in river area.
Nowadays, many locations have been exploited by local residences or investors from other regions.
Sand and gravel mining is being done since 1980s, thats why it can created devastated land in that
surrounding area of mining. As the result of that condition, it is called for the research to determine
how devastated land condition during or after mining. Factors used in this research to determine
devastating land are mining technique, rate of mining, depth of slope mining, width of mining hole,
relief of digging base, characteristics of material slope, tilt of digging slope, reserving of top soil and
overburden, erosion stage, vegetation cover, reclamation. Devastated land based on mining has vary
in low and high scale. In the gullies river,most of them in low devastated land condition. Meanwhile,
devastated land in border of river vary in low up to high. Several places which are have high
devastated land are Sastrodirjan (Wonopringgo District), Dororejo(Doro District) and Krompeng
(Talun District). In deposit bar, has low up to high devastated land. High devastated land are Pododadi
(Karanganyar district), Sastrodirjan (Wonopringgo district) and Kaligawe (Karangdadap district).

The Abstract consist of 196 words.

The Abstract explain the result report of observation of the environmental damaged caused by the
mining in the Pekalongan area. In Pekalongan, there are many mineral sources Class C in the
form of soil and gravel. It was utilized by local people or foreign investors. The mining result is
used for the observation subject how the condition after and before the environmental damage. In
the observation, some factors are used as the benchmark how large the environmental damage
caused by mining, such as: : mining technique, rate of mining, depth of slope mining, width of
mining hole, relief of digging base, characteristics of material slope, tilt of digging slope, reserving
of top soil and overburden, erosion stage, vegetation cover, reclamation. From these factors, we
can know how big the damaged from the amount value of these factors. The range are 1.00-1.66

for minor damage, 1.67-2.33 for moderate damage, and 2.34 -3.00 for heavy damage. From the
result of the observation, we know that the river is quite minor damage. Whereas in the border of
river and the land have varies damage from minor to heavy damage. In the border of river, the
biggest damage is in the Sastrodirjan (Wonopringgo District), Dororejo (Doro District) and
Krompeng (Talun District) area. If we see the local regulation, mining is not allowed in the river
but it is allowed in mainland. The biggest mainland environmental damages are in the Pododadi
(Karanganyar district), Sastrodirjan (Wonopringgo district) and Kaligawe (Karangdadap district).
To reduce the environmental damage caused by the miners is necessary to preserve the
environment with different effort in the each mining area.
The points discussed in the abstract:

The methods that is used for the environmental observation in Pekalongan.

Result and discussion from the environmental observation in Pekalongan.
Recommendation of environmental conservation in Pekalongan.

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