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The formulas and calculations which appear below should be used for estimating purposes only. It is the responsibility of
the customer to specify the required horsepower, torque, and accelerating time for the given application. The sales person
may wish to check the customers specified values with the formulas in this section, however, if there is serious doubt
concerning the customers application or if the customer requires guaranteed motor/application performance, then the
next step is to contact your LEESON Electric Sales Office nearest you to further investigate.
Rules of Thumb (Approximation Only and All Values at 100% Load)
At 1800 rpm, a motor develops 3 lb-ft of torque per HP
At 1200 rpm, a motor develops 4.5 lb-ft of torque per HP
At 575V, a 3-Phase motor draws 1 amp per HP
At 460V, a 3-Phase motor draws 1.25 amps per HP
At 230V, a 3-Phase motor draws 2.5 amps per HP
At 230V, a 1-Phase motor draws 5 amps per HP
At 115V, a 1-Phase motor draws 10 amps per HP
Mechanical Formulas
Torque (lb-ft) = (HP x 5252) / rpm
Slip of Motor
% Slip = ((synch rpm Full Load rpm) / (synch rpm)) x 100
Electrical Formulas
To Find
Alternating Current
Single Phase
(HP x 746) / (E x Eff x PF)
(KW x 1000) / (E x PF)
(KVA x 1000) / E
(I x E x PF) / 1000
(I x E) / 1000
(I x E x Eff x PF) / 746
Three Phase
Amperes when HP is known
(HP x 746) / (1.73205 x E x Eff x PF)
Amperes when KW is known
(KW x 1000) / (1.73205 x E x PF)
Amperes when KVA is known
(KVA x 1000) / (1.73205 x E)
Kilowatts
(1.73205 x I x E x PF) / 1000
KVA
(1.73205 x I x E) / 1000
HP (Output) when current is
(1.73205 I x E x Eff x PF) / 746
known
I = Amperes, E = Volts, Eff = Efficiency (as a decimal), PF = Power Factor (as a decimal)
KVA = Kilovolt-Amperes, KW = Kilowatts
Locked Rotor Current (IL) From Nameplate Data
NEMA CODE LETTERS FOR LOCKED ROTOR KVA
CODE
KVA/HP
CODE
A
0.00 - 3.14
L
B
3.15 - 3.54
M
C
3.55 - 3.99
N
D
4.00 - 4.49
P
E
4.50 - 4.99
R
F
5.00 - 5.59
S
G
5.60 - 6.29
T
H
6.30 - 7.09
U
J
7.10 -7.99
V
K
8.00 - 8.99
3-Phase
KVA/HP: (1.73205 x E x LRA) / (1000 x HP) (See Above Table for KVA/HP)
LRA: (KVA/HP x 1000 x HP) / (E * 1.73205)
Note: Square Root of (3) = 1.73205
KVA/HP
9.00 - 9.99
10.00 - 11.19
11.20 - 12.49
12.50 -13.99
14.00 - 15.99
16.00 - 17.99
18.00 - 19.99
20.00 - 22.39
22.40 - and up
Temperature Conversions
Deg C = (Deg F 32) x 5/9
or
Where:
Pres = Pressure
RPM = Revolutions per minute
Pumps
HP = (GPM x Pressure (lbs/(in)2 x Specific Gravity) / (1713 x mechanical eff. of pump)
Or
HP = (GPM x Total Dynamic Head in Feet x Specific Gravity) / (3960 x mechanical eff. of pump)
Where:
Total dynamic head = static head + friction head
For estimating purposes, pump eff. may be assumed at 70% (best to try and obtain correct value)
Displacement and Centrifugal Pumps
HP = GPM x head in feet / (3960 x efficiency)
1 cu. foot per sec = 448.8 GPM
1 lb per sq. inch pressure = a head of 2309 ft of water weighing 62.36 lbs per cubic foot at 62F
Displacement Pumps
Effect of Speed on HP
Capacity and required HP vary directly as the speed.
Displacement pumps under constant head require approximately constant torque at all speeds.
Displacement Pumps Efficiency
Displacement pumps may vary between 50% and 80% eff. Depending on the size of pumps
Centrifugal Pumps
Effect of Speed on HP
HP consumption varies approximately as the 3rd power of the speed.
Efficiency
500 to 1000 gal. per min = 70% to 75% eff.
1000 to 1500 gal. per min = 75% to 80% eff.
Larger than 1500 gal. per min = 80% to 85% eff.
Conveyors
Vertical HP = (W x V) / 33,000
Horizontal HP = (W x V x N) / 33,000
Where:
W = Weight in lbs
V = Velocity in feet/min
N = Coefficient of friction
Vertical or Hoisting Motion
HP = (W x S) / (33,000 x E)
Where:
W = total weight in lbs. to be raised by motor
S = Hoisting speed in feet per min
E = Overall mechanical eff. of hoist and gearing. For estimating purposes only, E=65% for eff. of hoist and connected gear
kW = HP x 0.746
Wk2 referred to motor shaft speed = [driven machine WK2 x ((driven machine rpm)/motor rpm)2 + gear WK2 at motor
Conversion factors: CV = (metric hp) = 735.5 watts = 75 kg-m/sec Wk2 (lb-ft) = 5.93 x GD2 (kg-m2)
Ventilating - air requirements: 100-125 cfm of 40C air at 1/2-in. water pressure for each kW of loss