Discussion

Based on practical work, we are using PLC OMRON CPM1A-20CDR

training kit and Syswin/cx programmer software. We program the PLC
using a Syswin/cx programmer software. CX-Programmer is the
programming software for all Omron's PLC series, is fully integrated
into the CX-One software suite. CX-Programmer includes a wide variety
of features to speed up the development of your PLC program. New
parameter-setting dialogues reduce setup time, and with standard
function blocks in IEC 61131-3 structured text or conventional ladder
language, CX-Programmer makes development of PLC programs a
simple drag & drop configuration.
Before we make a ladder diagram instruction in CX- Programmer,
we using 4 steps PLC programming methods to know the I/O device,
I/O wiring, ladder diagram and mnemonic code. We design a "4
RUNNING LIGHT" system which will
recurring within 3 seconds
intervals. Next, design a "LONG TIME" system by combining the
functions of TIM and CNT for 2 minutes. Lastly, design a "LONG COUNT"
system by combining the functions of CNT and CNT for 50 counts.
Timers are important part of PLC without which it is very difficult
to think of executing a process. Timers are blocks that count the time
as specified by the user and the executes the algorithm based on the
time. Counters are blocks that count the pulses. This timer starts
counting the time after the timer enabler is true and set the output bit
to true after the time is reached. This timer is also called a On delay
timer. The timer can be reset by setting the enabler bit to False state.
Counters are blocks that counts the pulses that the blocks receive.
When the counts equal the target specified, the counter provides an
output pulse using which a further algorithm can be executed. There
are two types of counters, UP Counter and DOWN Counter. When the
counts increases from 0 to the limit then it is an UP Counter and when
the counts decreases from the limit to 0, then it is a DOWN Counter.
There is a separate reset bit to the block which will reset the current
count.

Conclusion
From this practical work, we know the programming methods of
logic instruction for timer and counter. Beside that, we were able
to know the principle operations of logic instruction for timer and
counter. Timers and counters are indispensable in PLC
programming. Industry has to number its products, determine a
needed action in time, etc. Timing functions is very important,
and cycle periods are critical in many processes. Next, we know
the programming method by using Syswin/CX-programmer
software. Lastly, we learn the function of MENUs which are being
used by Syswin/ CX-programmer.