MOTIVATION

People’s work performance depends upon their

ability to do their assigned work as well as their “will” to do so. Stronger
“will” reflects stronger motivation to achieve a goal. The word
motivation is derived from motive, which is need or a desire requiring
movement towards the goal of achievement of such need or a desire. It is
an action, movement or behavior that must fulfill the unsatisfied need.

The motivation can be positive that requires

appreciating employee’s efforts resulting in better performance or it could
be negative that induces fear and punishment for less effort. Motivation
can also be induced by external factors such as financial means that
accomplishing something worthwhile motivates the employee further and
this motivates the employee further and this motivation is independent of
financial rewards.

Historically speaking, the concept of motivation can

be traced back twenty-three centuries as reflected in the Greek and Indian
writings. These earlier philosophies proposed that we are motivated to do
what brings us the best results for our benefit. Similarly, the Greek
concept of Hedonism is based upon realizing maximum pleasure while at
the same time evading pain and discomfort. This brings in the concept of
rationality where our actions become utility oriented. These views were
held over a long period of time so that the concept motivation came under
scientific study and investigation only in the early 1930s. This theory led
to a number of theories and models.
 The content theories of work motivation explain
the nature of motivation in terms of types of need that people experience.
The concept of motivation is explained by the fact that people have
certain fundamental needs, both physiological and psychological in
nature and that are motivated to engage in activities that would satisfy
these needs.

Abraham Maslow built the needs into a hierarchy in

order of priority. The most fundamental needs are the physiological need
such as food, clothing, and shelter and so on. Then in order came the
needs for safety and security, as love and affection, need for respect and
self-esteem and finally the self-actualization need that is considered to be
the ultimate fulfillment of life. Management can motivate workers by
identifying their need level and taking steps to fulfill these needs.

ERG theory, developed by Clayton Alerter, condenses

the five needs proposed by Maslow into three and ERG stands for
Existence, Relatedness needs roughly correspond to social and self
esteem needs and finally, the growth needs are similar to self-
actualization needs.

McCielland’s theory of needs is based upon the premise that lower level
needs in Maslow’s model are generally taken care of by business, societal
and legal system and hence are no longer motivators. According to this
theory, the most prominent need from organizational behavior point of
view is the need for achievement, power and affiliation. The individuals
with a high degree of need for achievement, power and affiliation are
highly motivated to move towards fulfilling these needs at the higher
levels.
Hertzberg’s two-factor theory classifies all the work related factors into
two categories. First category contains factors that are known as hygiene
factors. The factors prevent dissatisfaction but do not motive. Some of
these factors are wages and benefits, working conditions, organizational
rules and policies, cordial relations with peers and supervisors, job
security and so on. These factors are designed to avoid damage to
efficiency or morale and are not expected to stimulate positive growth.
Motivational factors on the other hand have a positive influence on
morale, satisfaction, efficiency and higher productivity. These are the
type of jobs one enjoys, recognition for employee input and performance,
a feeling of accomplishment, increased responsibility and authority and
growth and achievement with the organization.
ACCENTURE

Accenture is a global management consulting,

technology services and outsourcing company. It was previously
incorporated in Bermuda but since 1 September 2009 has been
incorporated in Ireland.[1] It is said to be the largest consulting firm in the
world.[2] Accenture is a Fortune Global company with more than 186,000
people in 52 countries. For the fiscal year ended 31 August 2008, the
company generated net revenues of US$23.39 billion. Accenture's clients
include 96 of the Fortune Global 100 and more than three quarters of the
Fortune Global.

History

Formation and early years

Accenture originated as the consulting division of accounting firm Arthur

Andersen, which Arthur Andersen and Clarence DeLany founded in 1913
as Andersen, DeLany & Co. Accenture's origins are in a 1953 feasibility
study for General Electric. GE asked Arthur Andersen about the
feasibility of automating payroll processing and manufacturing at GE's
Appliance Park facility near Louisville, Kentucky. Arthur Andersen
recommended installation of a UNIVAC I computer and printer, and GE
agreed, which is the start of what became the first-ever commercial
computer in the United States. Joe Glickauf was Arthur Andersen's
project leader for the GE engagement and was responsible for the payroll
processing automation, launching commercial data processing in the
United States. Considered to be the father of computer consulting,
Glickauf headed Arthur Andersen's Administrative Services division for
12 years
 Motivation Strategy of Accenture

Motivation strategies of Accenture include the following:

Adjustment of Salary

The Company shall appraise Employee’s salary

annually. It shall be based on the performance of Employee,
the Company’s business operations, the Company’s salary
structure and the market situation, and such adjustment shall
be notified in writing to Employee. The Company shall be
entitled to decide at its sole discretion whether to increase
Employee’s basic salary and the extent of the adjustment.

Business Travel Arrangement

Subject to the Company's approval, the Company will
reimburse the reasonable business expenses of Employees, provided that
such expenses as fulfill a valid and necessary business purpose; and for
reservations for business travel that have been properly reviewed and
authorized by the authorized senior executive prior to being incurred, or
for overseas training or meetings that have been reviewed and authorized
by the authorized senior executive. The authorized senior executive may
review and approve by e-mail or on the original applications.
 Per Diem and Related Travel Allowances

The Company will offer travel allowances to Employees

for each day that they work outside their city. The specific amounts
and projects to be carried out shall be in accordance with notices that
are updated from time to time by the Company. It shall be the net
value following deduction of a hypothetical tax rate of from 15% to
20%. The specific amounts shall be subject to notices that are updated
by the Company from time to time.

Overtime Salary

If an Employee is subject to the fixed working hours

system and is required to work overtime on a normal working day or rest
day, offset leave days shall be arranged for them; If an Employee is
subject to a non-fixed working hours system or cumulative working hours
system and is required to work overtime on a normal working day or rest
day, the stipulations for overtime salary shall not apply to such
Employee. When Women's Day falls on a Saturday or Sunday, and the
Company has arranged for female Employees to work on that day,
overtime salary shall be payable to such female Employees in accordance
with the standard for overtime performed on weekends.
Training

Pre-Employment / On-The-Job Training

The Company shall provide Employees with necessary

pre-employment training and appropriate on-the-job training, according
to business needs, in order to improve their job performance to meet the
Company’s requirements. Employees are required to attend such
training.

Professional Technical Training

The Company shall provide Employees with

appropriate professional technical training in accordance with the
Company’s actual business needs and in order to improve their working
skills to meet their respective career development needs. If the Employee
agrees to attend such professional technical training, a written agreement
shall be concluded with the Company before training.

Promotion

This strategy is adopted by almost every concern. The employees who

perform well will get the higher position job in the same concern with
high salary with high responsibility. This will encourage the employees to
work effectively and efficiently.
Employees’ participation in decision making

Accenture provides a large number of opportunities to its

employees to participate in its business decision making process. It means
that the concern is following a motivation strategy of management by
objectives. This will inspire the employees to provide better ideas,
improve their skill. Express their creativity etc... From this motivation
strategy, the employees can be motivated to a large. There is possibility
of getting rewards to the employees who provide better participation.
REFERENCE

www.accenture.com
Human Resource Management- Aswathappa