Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
EXAM 1 MATERIAL
1) Which of the following is NOT a property of ALL living systems as
defined by the textbook?
A) the ability to compensate for changes in the external environment
B) the ability to engage in metabolic activities
C) the possession of chemical instructions that govern their structure and
function
D) the ability to gain energy through consumption of other living things
2) Which of the following details the typical path taken by a protein that is
going to be secreted?
A) cytoplasm secretory vesicle golgi cell surface
B) cytoplasm lysosome secretory vesicle cell surface
C) ER secretory vesicle golgi cell surface
D) ER golgi secretory vesicle cell surface
3) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of prokaryotes?
A) cell wall
B) cell membrane
C) endoplasmic reticulum
D) DNA
4) What is the difference in the functioning between rough ER and smooth
ER?
A) Rough ER makes proteins for use inside the cell, while smooth ER makes
proteins for use outside.
B) Rough ER makes proteins for use outside of the cell, while smooth ER makes
lipids and carbohydrates.
C) Rough ER detoxifies poisons, while smooth ER creates new cell organelles.
D) Rough ER is used by animal cells, while smooth ER is only used by plant
cells.
5) Eukaryotic cells contain the following:
A) a nucleus that is not surrounded by a membrane
B) structures that specialize in energy production
C) all of these answers
D) circular chromosomal structures within a membrane-bound nucleus
6) Which of the following is found both in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
A) ribosomes
B) mitochondrion
C) vacuoles
D) nucleus
36) During translation, the completed peptide chain exits the ribosome
from the
A) E site.
B) P site.
C) small subunit.
D) A site.
37) Which of the following statements accurately describes the role
ribosomes play in protein synthesis?
A) Ribosomes read mRNA and use tRNAs to produce peptides and proteins.
B) Ribosomes carry individual amino acids and load them onto growing peptide
chains.
C) Ribosomes transport mRNA chains from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
D) Ribosomes load amino acids onto tRNAs.
38) Which of the following about tRNAs is true?
A) Each organism only expresses one tRNA molecule for translation.
B) Elongation factors charge tRNAs with amino acids at the 3' end.
C) tRNA molecules can be charged with any amino acid.
D) Charged tRNAs bind to mRNA through three nucleotide base pairings.
39) Many antibiotics inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. For example,
chloramphenicol blocks peptidyl transfer. What specific effect would you
expect this antibiotic to have on protein synthesis?
A) Chloramphenicol would directly affect tRNA binding to the ribosome.
B) Chloramphenicol would directly affect growth of the protein chain.
C) All of these answers.
D) Chloramphenicol would directly affect ribosome assembly.
40) All of the following post-translational events are critical for proper
protein function EXCEPT:
A) chemical modification of amino acid residues
B) targeting of the protein to a subcellular location
C) denaturation of the protein to disconnect it from the ribosome
D) folding of the protein into the proper three-dimensional structure
41) During which process is a new copy of DNA is synthesized?
A) Translation
B) Transcription
C) Translocation
D) Replication
48) Which chemical interactions are most responsible for the secondary
structure of proteins?
A) Covalent bonds
B) Hydrogen bonds
C) Van der Waals forces
D) All of the above
49) What was the main conclusion of the Hershey and Chase experiment
using phage T2?
A) Proteins and DNA can be distinguished because proteins have sulfur and DNA
has phosphorus
B) Cells can uptake a transforming principle released by the breakdown of other
cells, known as transformation.
C) DNA is the hereditary molecule
D) Protein is the hereditary molecule
50. Which of the following is FALSE about the genetic code?
A) The genetic code is degenerate but not ambiguous
B) The start codon always codes for methionine
C) 1 amino acid can be coded by more than 1 codon
D) 1 codon can code more than 1 amino acid