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For nitrogen removal with intermittent aeration, the ratio between anoxic phases and aerobic phases
(VD/VAT) is equal to (ATV-DVWK-A 131E, 2000):
S
VD
2.9
NO 3, D
VAT CBOD , IAT 0.75 OU C , BOD
where:
The cycle time (tT) can be determined as follows (ATV-DVWK-A 131E, 2000):
tT t R
S NO 3, EST
S NH 4, N
2h
where:
Therefore, the duration of anoxic (tD) and aerobic phases (tN) is equal to:
t D tT
VD
VAT
V
t N tT 1 D
VAT
To calculate the hourly oxygen uptake (OUh), the presence of anoxic phases should be considered (ATVDVWK-A 131E, 2000):
OU h
OU d
V
24 1 D
VAT
QIR1
Anaerobic tank
(Vana, xana)
Qin
Anoxic tank
(Vanox, xanox)
Aerobic tank
(Vaer, xaer)
QIR2
QRS
Membrane
tank
(Vm, xm)
Qout
QWAS
HRTana is greater than 0.50 0.75 h (ATV-DVWK-A 131E, 2000) or equal to 1 2 h (DWA-M 227, 2014).
Said volume should be enough to have at least 10% of the total biomass in anaerobic conditions (DWAM 227, 2014):
Vana xana
Vana xana
0.10
Vanox xanox Vaer xaer
where:
For a set internal recycle ratio (IR2) from the anoxic tank to the anaerobic tank, it is possible to calculate
the biomass concentration inside the anaerobic tank as follows:
xana xanox
IR 2
1 IR 2
According to ATV-DVWK-A 131E (2000), in case of normal municipal wastewater, the excess biological
phosphorus removal (TPbio-P) is equal to (0.010 0.015)BOD5,in. If effluent nitrate concentrations are
equal to or greater than 15 mg/L, TPbio-P is equal to (0.005 0.010)BOD5,in.
The phosphate to be precipitated is calculated as follows:
TPprec TPin TPout TPsyn TPbio P
and the total sludge production resulting from phosphorus removal (SPd,P) as follows (ATV-DVWK-A
131E, 2000):
SPd , P Qd 3 TPbio P 6.8 TPprec , Fe 5.3 TPprec , Al