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ABSTRACT
The IOT is defined as the Internet of things where many physical objects are given by the
specific identifiers, where it has the capability that it automatically going to transfer the
data over the network, without using the humanto-human or even human-to-computer
interaction.
Smart grids are going to getting connect with the smart home and even with the smart
building systems, but it has a disadvantage that it is a allotter-centric rather than usercentric and it is poorly scalable. So, overcome from this problem alast- meter concept is
used. Last meter can generally defined as it is the teeny part on the grid and it is placed on
either side of the user side and it is embedded in IOT deck.
IOT provides a virtual view, via the Internet Protocol. This IOT operation applied to the
smart grid power control application via four operations
1.With in the same infrastructure it going to integrate continuously the smart grid with the
home.
2. Sensors communication protocols which are collect the data.
3. Customized and undaunted data access.
4. Sensor and actuator data mapping to IOT based GUI using VB.
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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
The term Internet of Things was first introduced by Kevin Ashton in the year 1999. This
IOT defines the network where physical objects are connected to the network using sensors.,
Where it is embedded with the software, it uses many types of sensors, electronics and
network connectivity, which makes these physical objects to collect the datas and it going
to exchange the datas. IoT senses the objects and it remotely controls across existing
network. In earlier days Radio-frequency identification (RFID) was necessary in order to
connect the Internet of Things, and identifiers are given to all the objects, and they were
managed and inventoried by the computers. Later, the new technologies are used in order
to
provide the identifiers to the objects they are QR codes, bar codes and digital
watermarking. IOT it is a type of the network where any physical objects are any items
connects to the internet using the protocols used from the sensors. Internet of things is
divided by three layers they are physical layer, network layer and the application layer. IOT
having different types of sensors and consisting of protocol this forms IOT network as the
heterogeneous network. In the iron and steel metal industries continuous monitoring the
equipments are essential and it is widely used in such industries. So by using in such
industries efficiency of the products are going to increase, waste caused by the materials are
decreased and it reduce the waste of the material, So in order to achieve the continuous
monitoring the materials MRO (Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul) is used.
In order to
know the fault in the material and fault material must be repaired and maintenance the
equipment, so to perform all these function online monitoring system is necessary. The two
technologies are introduced they are IOT sensing technology and communication technology.
This technologies are used for the monitoring the materials. However, this system having
many kinds of sensors. Many problems are going to exit. when the amount of data it consist
is large ,due to it consists large number of sensors it consists multiple-transport protocols.
These problems can be overcome from data processing frame works. This framework is
introduced in the online monitoring system, this monitoring system acts as bridge in
between the physical layer and the application layer. Framework help from the problems
like data filtering, handling multiple data protocols, data integration, and data integration in
the system.
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IoT Definitions: The term Internet of Things refers to IOT, where many objects are
connected to the internet through the sensor, and provides to these to objects to send or
exchange the data.
Enabling Technologies: Combining the computers, sensors, and networks in order to
monitor and control devices this has existed for decades. In the recent years combination of
several technologies makes the Internet of Things closer to widespread reality.These includes
Connectivity, IP-based Networking, Computing Economics, Miniaturization, Advances in
Data Analytics, and the Rise of Cloud Computing.
Connectivity Models: There are four common communications models are there, and this
is described by the Internet Architecture Board they are Device-to-Device, Device-to-Cloud,
Device-to-Gateway, and Back-End Data-Sharing. All these models have flexibility to connect
the IOT devices and resulting the performance of the IOT devices to the user.
1.2 OBJECTIVE
The aim of this project is about monitoring the power voltage and current consumption by
the 3-phase loads using sensors, where it going to calculate the voltage and current. These
data are sends to iot server through wifi gateway using ip address. So it continuously monitor
power of the 3- phase loads, so user can known their voltage and current consumption of the
respective 3-phase loads.
1.3 METHODOLOGY :
In this project the both hardware and software are implemented.
The hardware used are:
Cortex M3 Lpc2148
4 Type Loads
3-Phase Motor
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Current Sensor
SSR Relay
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that can interact and work with multiple services in [1] it is given about the smart grid
projects in the European countries, and in the [2] it gives the idea about the new standards
and the protcols used by the organization.
In order to manage the energy system in most of the complex and in complex technical
creation, there are many ways for optimize the energy i.e, its generation and its distribution
[3] there is a another method where energy distribution and managing can be done in the
efficient way i.e, DSM, it is very promising one where portfolio means it going to measure
about the managing and distribution, in order to improve the efficiency of the energy system
at consumption side and it also uses new energy tarffis which makes energy efficient. In this
paper it is given about the taxonomy and the overview of the DSM, and different types of
DSM and the latest demonstration are also done. So exchanging from the old incandescent
bulb to the new compact incandescent light installs the sophisticated one. DSM early it was
utility driven and in future it may be customer driven and in this paper the advantages of the
dsm is known it is for due to the less expensive.
In this paper consumer-oriented concept is taken, integrating the smart devices at the
customer premises using the smart grid concepts by using multicast home gateways. The
Smart Home devices are connected to Smart Grid by using the home Gateways. The home
gateways are used here are wlan, for multicast home gateway is HMcast it is enabled. By
using the advanced metering infrastructure, demand side management and virtual power
plants. By
using
performance[4]. These multicast gateway are depends on the availability of internet. P2P
concept is used here for a group communication purpose. In order to implement multicast
home gateways hybrid multicast technology are used, multicast provides certain amount of
data security and the integrity. Further enhancement regarding security features can be done
on network layer or by smart gird applications
In this paper it is given energy @home. In which it uses electronic meter which is used for
the meters the data where power consumption takes by the smart appliances[5]. Here smart
plugs are used in order to get the data from the metering, there is a home gateways in which
it used as coordinator to the whole house. In this paper a further step is taken towards the
smart grid. In the future development in this paper is smart grid technology , where it
provides real-time bi-directional information exchange between the utilities and the house
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appliances. This makes customer to self manage their power. Here home area network is used
is wan, and smart info is used it is the element which is given by the distribution system
operator. The remotely controlling capability is also implemented in further enhancing.
A. Smart Plug
The smart plug are nothing but the sensors, these are placed in between the loads, sensors
are going to collect information from the loads. The information it going to collects are
voltage value, current value and power consumption data.
B. Gateway
Generally gateway can be defined it is a element where it makes the entrance to the another
network, here another network is the
communication. Gateway can be developed using both hardware and a software. Here using
the hardware gateway is implemented by Ethernet interface. a microcontroller.
C. Message Dispatcher
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continuously for any new connections is established from gateways or any other IP nodes.
If their is any new connection is established then new connection took place., and this new
process will be active until connection is closed by the gateway.
D. Data Collection and Storage
The data collection unit is implemented using the VB platform software .
System working
The voltage transformer used is voltage step-down transformer. The secondary voltage is
rectified, the rectifier used is bridge rectifier and passed through the filter capacitor to get a
dc voltage. That output is given to the three phase inverter. Three phase inverter used for
higher power applications, three phase output can be obtained by Mosfet driver circuit, this is
given to solid state relays, that in turn provide to relay and to the respective loads. The relay
used here is Solid state relay. The use of solid state relay is to provide turn-on and turn-off
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the single phase loads. Voltage can be measured by the voltage divider circuit this act as a
sensor that going to read the voltage consumed by the loads. current sensor used is ACS712
the current and voltage sensed output is given to IOT module, through Wi-Fi gateways.
Through the internet power consumed by the loads are visually seen by the costumer.
ADVANsTAGES
It help to provide the better fault prediction and timely repair.
Framework provides to integrate with the many applications in the application layer
Provide remote based monitoring
Provides real-time accurate environmental parameters
DISADVANTAGES:
Internet connection required
Sensors must work in real-time bases
1.9 APPLICATIONS
Smart home: It supports Smart home concepts where it is a new emerging one. This
involves many projects like Internet-supported
component, and energy management devices, this results in smart home concept.,
where it has more security and energy efficiency.
Medical field: This technology is beneficial for diabetic patients using IOT devices.
And other iot devices like wearable fitness device , health monitoring devices and
network enabled medical devices are used for transforming the informations, which
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provides the information about the patients as the way healthcare services are
delivered. These devices are attached to the human body it monitors health, wellness
of the human body.
Smart cities: IoT involves in intelligent and smart traffic systems, networked devices,
and sensors are embedded in the roads and in the s bridges. Which help minimize
congestion and energy consumption.
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Food: Food production management and nutrition calculation can be done with the
help of IoTs. It also prevent overproduction and hence shortage of food and control
food quality, health and safety.
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Chapter 2
IOT PLATFORM
The architecture of IOT is divided in to three parts they are sensor and this which is for
visualizing and managing purpose. In the fig 2 architecture of IOT is shown.
be
represented,
aggregated and
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Wi-Fi, Bluetooth. This architecture contains different types of sensor and actuator networks.
It has having data management unit and it is the main unit where its function is to translating
the information from one format to another format as per it required by the sensors database.
The information required by the sensor database system, that information is provided by data
management unit , the function of data management unit is it translates the information in
which format sensors data base required. There will be a bidirectional channels in order to
communicate with to/from with the sensors and actuator nodes. Which enables the iot server
to configure them, and interrogate it and programmed them.
Configuration messages contains the some peculiar informations like threshold,alarm
settings or any updates regarding the software etc, of a respective sensor and actuator nodes.
The IOT architecture has advantage of add or remove any network components to the system
and it is possible to add a new network component to the network without any changes in the
network implementation. So it automatically identifies from the network administration for
the registration purpose sand even for configuration purpose. Joining the node, dis joining
the node adding or removing the node is done from the IOT server. The user interface
between the sensors network and IOT server communicates using a protocol, the protocol
is used in between the gateway and the IOT server is based on API where API stands for
Application Programming Interface, and it is defined as a set of protocols or tools for
building the software and the applications. API is for web-based systems or data base
systems used for the developing the application for programming. Nodes in the network
sends message to the IOT server. Gateways are used for translating its unique identifier into
network address, and same procedure repeats from server to the nodes.
2.2 IP Gateway: Generally the gateways can be referred as it acts as an entrance to the
another network, in which it provides communication between node and the networks. For
example gateway are required to provide communication between computer and the internet
i.e, modem, it can be treated as a gateway element which connects computer and the world
web wide. Through this gateways sensor/actuator network are connected. The gateway
communicates bidirectionally in both uplink and downlink. In uplink it going to collect the
data which are received from the different network nodes, and received data are encapsulated
these encapsulated data are sends over a secure TCP/IP link
dispatcher. In downlink communication, receiver node may be sensors nodes, the IoT server
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sends the commands to these nodes. The gateway sends packets over TCP/IP link in the
original formats. It has mainly three advantages.
.
1) Without modifying the gateway any new functions or any other different applications can
be added.
2) It is possible to communicate the user directly with application layer with networking
nodes
3)Less hardware requirements and less computational complexity in computation
2.3 IoT Server: IOT server mainly consists of four parts message dispatcher, data collection
and storage, configurator unit and database and secure access manager.
1) Message Dispatcher: This woks bidirectionally. It communicates between the gateways. In
fig 2.2 it is given TCP/IP protocol between the message dispatcher and the gateway .
Fig. 3 : Structure of the protocol between the message dispatcher and gateway .
The main function of this deals with any new connections appear from the node networks it
going to add this to the existing system. It perform only low-level communication from the
sensor nodes ,through the gateways. For every connection exits, the incoming data of packets
are decrypted, it means decoding the datas and this decrypted datas are send to the
management unit for storing purpose. In fig 3, the structure of the protocol where ach packet
contains 64-bit gateway address.
Opcode : it is a four bit, where it holds the each packets functions These packets are
classified into two they are administration packets and data relay packets. Administration
packets it is only used only for the configuration and maintenance of the gateways.
Addition to this sensors and actuators networks need only two opcodes.
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Timestamp: it is of four bits, it is used to give protection against random sequence numbers.
Data Management Unit and the Database Storage: It consists of many software modules, and
every of the modules having capability to storing the messages which is come from the
different sensor network, then these received packets will be in their original format.
Depending upon the payload the messages are going to be stored by using two different
mechanisms
Payload contains the messages of a sensor or actuators, these data are stored in the
unique format with sensor database.
Information about the sensors and information about their configuration are going to
stored in the remote databases, so system can easily scalable and does not having any
limitations over the data volume that node can send to server.
Configurator Unit and the database unit: It is the collection of only the software
components. Every software components are dedicated to the particular type of sensor
network. Suppose if any newly added sensor network protocol, then this newly added
software modules are must be added to this configurator unit. This configurator unit
configures networks to the nodes according the input provided by the users.
Secure Access Manager: The main function is this is used for security purpose. It
provides data protection while communication takes place between the users and the
IOT server. Only authorized users or thirdparty can access stored information. By
default, only the network owners will provides administrator rights on their network
2.4 User Interfaces : In this interface only the users, and the service providers, even
application developers can be able to interact with the available platform through the user
interface. This interface has mainly two functions, and there are two client profile are there
i.e, user profile and administrators profile. The users profile function is that it access the
sensors data and it control the actuators, similarly the function of administrator profile is
that users can also able to see
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the
users and the available platform (iot) through the user interface. For the non authorized,
registered users, just they can view only the data in the sensor network but it is impossible to
send the commands even they cannot configure the nodes and the networks. Only the
registered , authorized users only having the rights to gets the user home page.
The web interface is divided into three they are visualization interface, administration
interface, and web service API interface.
1) Visualisation Interface: The function of this is that it displays current and previous
information about the sensors and actuators. This also provides the authorizer to send the
commands to actuators not only this, this also provides the user can see the data and pages
and can also user can send the commands alarm notifications can also they can set. .
2) Administrating Interface: In this it provides gives the user to control, even manage and
even they can configure their network form distant place, and the user can configure to newly
networked connections. In order to assign new connection the gateways must know IP
address.
3) Web Service API: The function of this is, if there is any new applications offers by client
then
APIs can easily retrieve the information that collected from the different sources or
sensors. for example: weather related data, alarms etc. It also protects information, only the
registered client can only access the sensors data.
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HARDWARE REQUIRMENTS
3.1 LPC2148 microcontroller
The LPC2148 microcontrollers are manufactured by Philips. This is a 16-bit/32-bit. This
LPC2148 consists ARM7TDMI-S CPU that combines with the LPC2148 microcontroller
having high-speed flash memory ranges from 32 kB to 512 kB.
The below figure shows the pin diagram
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It is having multiple of serial interfaces it includes two UARTs, two fast I2C-bus.
There is a single 10-bit D/A converter which going to provide variable analog output.
It consists of vectored interrupt with the configurable priorities and vector address.
There are nine edge or level sensitive external interrupts pin are available.
There are 2 types of power savings mode i.e, ideal mode and power down mode.
reset
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The ARM processor is a kind of Von Neumann architecture, its performance is very high
and power consumption is also very low and the number of gate count is also less It is
having only one data bus which is of 32-bit , where it going to carry both instructions and
data. It uses 3 stage pipeline the advantage of this is t going to increase the speed of the
processor, it means it going to increase flow of instruction to the processor. This provides
multiple of operation run simultaneously. In the three-stage pipeline the instructions are
going to execute in three stages.
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consisting Program status register which is of 32 bits, additionally it also consists others
registers like the instruction register, memory data read register and write register , memory
address registe, and it consists one Priority encoder is used for the multiple of load and
store instructions.
Thumb architecture: Thumb instruction set treated as the subset ARM instructions. It
operates with standard ARM register configurations, and it enables the interoperability
between ARM and Thumb states. It uses 65% of arm code and it provides 160% of arm
whichworks with 8- bit java code
general-purpose registers each of 32-bits, and it consists 6 status registers. There are two
state processor state and operating mode. Which are going to provide programmer wich
registers are avaiable at any moment. Out of tht 31 general purpose registers , 16 registers
are only provided to the user purpose. The remaining 15 registers are used for the purpose of
speed up the process.
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Processor contains two program status registers namely: CPSR and SPSR(the current and
saved program status registers. In ARM registers r0 to r13 are orthogonal it means that if any
instruction applied to register r0, then it is possible to apply equally to any other register.
Their is a user mode, where it is different from other modes, because these register are
unprivileged
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Move Instructions : These instruction do copy the content in the source register R to a the
destination register Rn, where the content in register R immediate value.
Ex 1 :
r2 =4
r3= 7
MOV r3, r2 ;
POST r4 = 4
This instruction copy the content of register r2 and then copies that into the r7
register .
Ex 2:
This instruction going to shifts the content register left by two bit
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Comparison Instructions :This instructions are used to compare or test a register with a 32bit value. This instruction affects only CPSR register flags.
Branch Instructions:
This instruction is used to change the usual flow of the main program , it can be used to
call subroutine. This instruction makes to have subroutine in the programs allows programs,
this consists of if function, then and else structures, and the loops. Due to the changing in the
main program it makes program counter pc to point to the new address. Branch instruction
consists Branch Exchange (BX) and Branch Exchange with Link (BLX). The Branch
exchange instructions are used to store the address of the register Rn. It can also used for
branching to and from the Thumb code.
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Multiple-Register Transfer :
registers between the memory and the processor in only one instruction. This transfer occurs
from the base register address Rm. This instructions set is highly efficient than singleregister transfers , hence it transfers many registers in single instruction.
Ex 1: LDMIA r1!, {r2-r4} ;
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The base register is r1. Rm register is followed by the negation symbol !, this symbol is
indicates that the register is going to updated after the instruction is executed. The register
r1to r3 defines the range..
Stack Operations :
The stack operation includes push and pop instruction. The pop
instruction means it removes the data from the stack it uses load multiple instruction. For
push instruction it going to place the data on the stack, it uses store multiple instruction. The
stack may be ascending one or descending. In ascending order stack go towards the higher
memory addresses, in descending order stacks go towards the lower memory addresses.
When the stack is full , the stack pointer points to the address that it points to the last item
on the stack. if the stack is empty, the stack pointer points to the address the empty location.
Ex : it push the registers to the stack by updating the stack pointer.
STMFD sp! , {r2,r3}; it Stores the multiple Full Descending Stacks
Swap Instruction: This instruction is special type of load-store instruction. Swapping means
exchanging. the data in the memory is going to exchange with the data of the register.
Instruction. It atomically reads and writes from the location using the same bus. It prevents
other instruction from reading and writing until it going to completed. This instruction
cannot be interrupted by other instruction. It having holds the bus where transaction is
complete.
Ex 1:SWP : exchange the word between memory and a register tmp = mem31[Rm]
mem31[Rm] =Rn
Rd = tmp
Thumb instruction set: This instruction set is a subset of 32-bit instruction into 16-bit
instruction space. This instruction having greater performance than that of the ARM
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processor on 16-bit, but it has lower performance than that of ARM processor on 32-bit data.
It is suitable for only for memory related systems. It is having greater code density. Memory
related systems can be defined as mobile phones and PDAs.
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CD4049UB is a inverting
3.3.2 Applications
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3.4 IGBT & MOSFET DRIVER: Mosfet driver consists of led and a photo detector.
TLP250 is used as a IGBT & MOSFET driver. It is used for driving the circuit gate which is
used to drive the IGBT and MOSFET. TLP250 is suitable for gate driving circuit of IGBT or
power MOSFET. For switching the signals to the transistors are provided by the by the
micro controllers or logic circuits , output of these signals will be a few milli amperes, since
it has only few milli amps of current switching rate of this is very less. Due to this it cause
very high power loss, During switching the gate capacitor of the transistor it going to draw
the current quickly, due to this large current it going to draw ,in turn it causes overheating
which leads the complete or permanent damage, so in order to prevent this gate driver circuit
is used.
TLP250 has input pin, output pin and power supply pin. The another advantage of TLP250 is
it provides optical isolation. The figure shows the pin configuration of TLP250. The pin 1
and 4 are not connected, pin 8 is vcc which is connected to power supply, pin 2 and 3 are the
inputs. The propagation delay time is 0.15ms and 0.5 ms. The operating frequency is 25KHz.
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application. so in order to control the sequence of frequency of motors using 3-phase dc-ac
inverter controller. 3 phase is also formed by 3 single phase inverter which connected in
parallel, as shown in fig.
The 3- phase inverter can be constructed by using the 3- single phase inverters and each are
connected in parallel way. The inverter gating signal are advanced or by the 1200. If output
voltage of the three phase inverter are not balanced with phase and magnitude then the
output voltage of three phase inverter are unbalanced. The three phase output can be obtained
by configuring six mosfet and six diodes. These mosfets are controlled by gate drive. So gate
drive makes mosfet to operate smoothly and it applied in between controller circuit and
mosfet. One gate drive requires one mosfet to drive, so it requires 6 gate drivers to inverter.
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In some circuits it required to control the output current, this can achieved by
replacing diodes with the thyristor.
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3.7.1 working
It operates on single MOSFET, or multiple MOSFET are connected in parallel. MOSFET
that inherently have diode that going to conduct in reverse bias. Single MOSFET it cannot
going to block the currents. In AC the MOSFETS are connected back to back and both the
source pins are connected together, drain pins are connected to output. The diodes are going
to alternatively reverse bias in order to block the current this makes the relay off. When the
relay is on the gates are forward biased.
A solid-state relay is generally defined as it is a switch where it going to control the devices
when current of the load is conducted either by one semiconductor or more semiconductors
they may be transistor, SCR or TRIAC. The combination of SCR and the TRIAC are
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generally known as thyristors, due to control energy is very less than that of the output,
their will be "power gain". Generally SSR the output rating is higher than EMR relay.
3.8.1 working
This device is consisting of following parameters like it has precise, having very less-offset,
and lineared Hall circuit using copper conducting path, where this is very near to surface of
the die. When the current is applied, then current flows through the copper conducted path.
Then it going to generate the magnetic field. The IC it having called Hall IC, this converts
this voltage to the proportional voltage by this accuracy of the device can
get in to know.
The proportioned voltage are given in order to get after the packaging purpose. The output of
this is positive slope, as the current is going to increase , then current is going to flow
through copper conducting paths i.e, from the pins number and 2, to the pins number 3 and
pin number 4. And this path which is used for the sampling the current. This path having 1.2
m internal resistance having very less loss of the power. The conductor provides the stand
by to survive from the device which are having 5 max. current which is due to the reason of
thickness. The pns of the conductive path are isolated from signal pins i.e, from pin number
5 through the pin number 8 . These used in only in such a application where it requires the
electrical isolation, instead of opto-isolators or any other techniques.
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The ACS712 this is a very small ic, where it is mounted with SOIC8 lead package. These
leads frame are plated with the100% tin, and it is very easy to place in pcb.
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ESP8266 is a WiFi module. It is very much low cost, so that it is suitable for adding the
functionality of WiFi to the microcontroller through UART serial connection. This module
had advantage that it can be reprogrammed in order to act as a standalone WiFi.
The main components of module are 802.11
protocol,
ESP8266 is a self-contained and it is the complete Wi-Fi network solution. it is used for the
purpose of hosting the application or even it can also to give the Wi-Fi network functions to
any application oriented processors.
These modules are going to host the application, it going to boots up the applications directly
from the external flash memory. It consists of integrated cache memory so for improving the
performance of system, the Wi-Fi adapter is used due to this internet can be accessed and it
can be added be to
any of the
3.10.2 :advantages
Having low power MCU which is of 32- bit
Having Integrated ADC of 10- bit
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It consists of many Integrated elements namely TR switch, balun, LNA, power amplifier
and matching network
Having PLL, power management and regulators all are integrated
It supports the antenna diversity
It supports WiFi upto 2.4 GHz
It also support many operating modes STA/AP/STA+AP .
It also supports function for the both Android and even for the iOS devices
It has UART, PWM, I2S, IR Remote Control, GPIO , UART
It has having 2types of MIMO they are, 1x1 MIMO, 2x1 MIMO
It also consists deep sleeping power is less than 10uA
The timings for wake up and to transmit packets in less than 2ms
Having less than 1.0mW Standby power consumption capability.
The range of the operating temperature is -40C ~ 125C
SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
Micro keil version : This is the software is used here, this tool is used for the arm processors for
programming purpose. it has having following tools like complier where codes can be complied,
simulator and debugger where the codes can be tested and it is verified the code. Here many codes
like uart, timer, lcd these types of codes can be written.
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Hercules version 3.2.6 : It software which is used for the programming to the iot module. This
versions is also called as the Hercules utility.
Chapter 4
SIMULATION RESULTS
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d) 4th
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Privacy and security : Data must be Secured from the unauthorized user, Similarly Due to
all most all the devices requires the human interference, so that organization must be aware
of this they have to know regarding the hackers and other many users are not aware of this.
In the future it provides enhancement in the security breach or a malfunctioning of the
devices that provides failures in the IoT system.
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FUTURE SCOPE
In the future wireless technologies and Internet will going to connect to the different sources
of the informations namely sensors, phones and cars. The devices which are connecting to
the internet are increasing exponentially, and There will be billions of components are
connects to internet. For example smart home concepts are already in process and challenge
is that remotely managing the power, this is the future development in the case of smart home
concept. And next is in future may be this field further it get broadened in many other ways
also it may be in the industrial purpose
fields also like baby monitoring, in wearable electronics in order to know the BP and glucose
levels etc,. And also in the transport field in order to maintain the traffic i.e, smart traffic etc.
Likewise in future it has plenty of scope in all the respective fields the below figure shows
the future scope picture.
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CONCLUSION
In this project it is presented that using the smart grid technology and by using the Internet of
things concept the 3-phase loads voltage and current can be measured by using the current
sensors and voltage sensors. By using this it has many advantages to the customers. This
concept gives the advantage to the customers in such a way that they can known their voltage
and current consumption of their respective loads. This concept can be further developed for
industrial purpose even where the places utilizes the higher power consumption and remotely
it also possible to turn off the loads which are not required so due to this power consumption
is reduced. In coming years it may be spread all over the world to use smart home concept
using smart grid technology with IOT.
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