Types of Volcanoes Guided Notes

page 480

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What is the relationship between craters, calderas, vents, and

magma?
The relationship between craters, calderas, vents, and magma is the structure of a
volcano.

How does a crater lake form? (words and pictures)

The Mount Mazama erupted many times. The top of partially empty magma chamber
collapsed. The steam activated multiple explosions. Lastly, the cadera filled with water
to form the crater lake.

What two factors does a volcanos appearance depend upon?

The appearance of a volcano depends on two factors: the type of material that forms
the volcano and the volcano and the type of eruptions that occur.

What characteristics vary among volcanoes?

They differ in size, shape, and composition.

Complete the following table in your notes:

Types of Volcanoes Guided Notes

page 480

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Type of Volcano

Shield

Materials &
Description

Cinder-Cone

Sketch

Example

Usually built
by flowing
magma.
Named for
large size and
low profile.
Product of
hotspot
volcanism.
Almost
exclusively
basalt

Kilauea
Most active
shield volcano in
the Hawaiian
Islands
Elevation- 4,091

Most
common
type of
volcano

Wizard Island
West end of the
Crater Lake.
Elevation-6,932

Composed of
volcanic
cinders, or
small, rough
particles of
hardened
lava.

Types of Volcanoes Guided Notes

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Composite
(Stratovolcano)

Constructed
from
multiple
eruptions
Made of
hardened
rock and
volcano ash
from
previous
eruptions.

Mount Fuji
Japans tallest
peak
Elevation12,338

How do the volcanoes compare in terms of size and slope?

They all discharge lava and magma.
They all have slopes that place magma/lava on earths surface.
They all have a large size.

What factors cause differences in size and slope?

The volume of the volcanic products.
The interval length between eruptions.
The composition of volcanic products.
The variety of volcanic eruption types.
The geometry of the vent.
The environment where the volcanoes erupt.
The climate.
The vegetation that grows on the volcano.

What is tephra?
Rock fragments thrown into the air during a volcanic eruption.

What is a pyroclastic flow?

Violent volcanic eruptions can send clouds of gas, ash, and other tephra down slope at
incredible speeds.

Where are most volcanoes found?

Most volcanoes are found at plate boundaries.

Types of Volcanoes Guided Notes

page 480

Do not write on this copy. Transfer the questions into your notebook in Cornell style and use your book to find the answers.

Use the maps provided to show: (1) the Circum Pacific Belt and the
Mediterranean Belt where convergent volcanism occur and (2) the
Hawaiian Emperor Volcanic Chain.
How do hotspots form?
Hotspots form when heat from deep within the earth causes the mantle rock
directly beneath the crust to melt and form the hotspot.

What do hotspots tell us about tectonic plates?

Hotspots tell us where tectonic plates are located, they occur beneath tectonic
plates.
Hotspots are not affected by plate movements.
Most tectonic plates occur on hotspots.

Types of Volcanoes Guided Notes

page 480

Do not write on this copy. Transfer the questions into your notebook in Cornell style and use your book to find the answers.