A)

B)
C)
D)

1.If you have a frightening experience immediately after hearing a strange sound, your
fear may be aroused when you hear that sound again. This best illustrates
generalization.
spontaneous recovery.
classical conditioning.
the law of effect.

A)
B)
C)
D)

2.Researchers condition a flatworm to contract when exposed to light by repeatedly pairing

the light with electric shock. The electric shock is a(n)
negative reinforcer.
conditioned stimulus.
conditioned reinforcer.
unconditioned stimulus.

A)
B)
C)
D)

3.You repeatedly hear a tone just before having a puff of air directed to your eye. Blinking
to the tone presented without an air puff is a
UR.
US.
CR.
CS.

A)
B)
C)
D)

4.After being bitten by his neighbor's dog, Miguel experienced fear at the sight of that dog
but not at the sight of other dogs. This best illustrates the process of
extinction.
discrimination.
conditioned reinforcement.
latent learning.

A)
B)
C)
D)

5.The infant Albert developed a fear of rats after a white rat was associated with a loud
noise. In this example, fear of the white rat was the
US.
UR.
CS.
CR.

A)
B)
C)
D)

6.If children get attention from their parents for doing cartwheels, they will repeat the trick
in anticipation of more attention. This best illustrates
spontaneous recovery.
respondent behavior.
operant conditioning.
latent learning.

Page 1

A)
B)
C)
D)

7.Matt regularly buckles his seat belt simply because it turns off the car's irritating warning
buzzer. This best illustrates the value of
respondent behavior.
negative reinforcement.
secondary reinforcement.
spontaneous recovery.

A)
B)
C)
D)

8.A word of praise is to a soothing back rub as ________ is to ________.

delayed reinforcer; immediate reinforcer
operant conditioning; classical conditioning
partial reinforcement; continuous reinforcement
conditioned reinforcer; primary reinforcer

A)
B)
C)
D)

9.A pigeon receives food for pecking a key, but only rarely and on unpredictable occasions.
This best illustrates
generalization.
latent learning.
partial reinforcement.
higher-order conditioning.

A)
B)
C)
D)

10.For professional baseball players, swinging at a pitched ball is reinforced with a home
run on a ________ schedule.
fixed-interval
variable-interval
fixed-ratio
variable-ratio

A)
B)
C)
D)

11.Some teachers have reduced the disruptive classroom behavior of students by imposing a
time-out following disruptive behavior. In this case, the time-out is a
conditioned reinforcer.
negative reinforcer.
primary reinforcer.
punishment.

12.If you get violently ill a couple of hours after eating contaminated food, you will
probably develop an aversion to the taste of that food but not to the sight of the restaurant
where you ate or to the sound of music you heard there. This best illustrates that
associative learning is constrained by
A)
intrinsic motivation.
B)
biological predispositions.
C)
conditioned reinforcers.

Page 2

D)

the law of effect.

A)
B)
C)
D)

13.Research participants formed more gut-level liking for Pokmon characters associated
with positive rather than negative images. This best illustrates the impact of
classical conditioning.
the law of effect.
negative reinforcers.
intrinsic motivation.

A)
B)
C)
D)

14.Children who are promised a payoff for playing with an interesting toy have later been
observed to play with the toy less than those who are not promised the reward. This
provides evidence for the role of ________ in operant behavior.
spontaneous recovery
primary reinforcers
cognitive processes
negative reinforcers

A)
B)
C)
D)

15.Which pioneering learning researcher highlighted the antisocial effects of aggressive

models on children's behavior?
John B. Watson
Albert Bandura
Ivan Pavlov
B. F. Skinner

Page 3

Answer Key
1.C
2.D
3.C
4.B
5.D
6.C
7.B
8.D
9.C
10.D
11.D
12.B
13.A
14.C
15.B

Page 4