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Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/education/guides/z6h4jxs/revision/2
A structure called the alveolus is found at the end of the bronchioles. These air sacs
are where gas exchange occurs. Oxygen diffuses across the thin walls of the
alveolus into the capillaries that surround it. At the same time, carbon dioxide diffuses
from the blood into the lungs where it can then be exhaled. This process of gas
exchange is facilitated by the alveolus thin walls, which gives the lungs its large
surface area.
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/education/guides/z6h4jxs/revision/3
Breathe Out
1. When you exhale, the
intercostal muscles relax. This
pulls the rib cage inwards and
downwards.
2. The diaphragm relaxes,
moving the chest cavity
upwards. This decreases the
volume of the lung.
3. Air is the pushed out of the
lungs.
Source:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/education/guides/z6h4jxs/revisio
n/2
Function
Nasal Cavity
Larynx
Pharynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveolus
3. Which respiratory organs or structures are found in the lung?
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4. In which respiratory organ or structure does gas exchange take place?
__________________________________________________________________
5. Which gas is inhaled? Which gas is exhaled?
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6. Why is the process of breathing important?
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Breathing In
Breathing Out
Rib Cage
Intercostal Muscles
Contract
Diaphragm
Relaxes
Volume of Lungs
Air
References:
American Lung Association. (n.d.). How Lungs Work. Retrieved from
http://www.lung.org/lung-health-and-diseases/how-lungs-work/
Lung Foundation Australia. (2013). The Lungs - An overview of how they work.
Retrieved from
http://lungfoundation.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/The-Lungs--Anoverview-of-how-they-work_july2013.pdf
Reece, J. B., Meyers, N., Urry, L. A., Cain, M.L., Wasserman, S.A., Minorsky, P. V.,
Jackson, R. B., & Cooke, B. N. (2015). Campbell Biology. Melbourne, VIC:
Pearson Australia.