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AISI4340AlloySteel(UNSG43400)

AISI4340AlloySteel(UNSG43400)
WrittenbyAZoMSep72012

Introduction
AlloysteelsaredesignatedbyAISIfourdigitnumbers.Theycomprisedifferentkindsofsteelshaving
compositionexceedingthelimitationsofB,C,Mn,Mo,Ni,Si,Cr,andVasetforcarbonsteels.
AISI4340alloysteelisaheattreatableandlowalloysteelcontainingchromium,nickelandmolybdenum.It
hashightoughnessandstrengthintheheattreatedcondition.

ChemicalComposition
ThefollowingtableshowsthechemicalcompositionofAISI4340alloysteel.
Element

Content(%)

Iron,Fe

95.19596.33

Nickel,Ni

1.652.00

Chromium,Cr

0.7000.900

Manganese,Mn

0.6000.800

Carbon,C

0.3700.430

Molybdenum,Mo

0.2000.300

Silicon,Si

0.1500.300

Sulfur,S

0.0400

Phosphorous,P

0.0350

PhysicalProperties
ThephysicalpropertiesofAISI4340alloysteelaregiveninthefollowingtable.
Properties

Metric

Imperial

Density

7.85g/cm3

0.284lb/in

Meltingpoint

1427C

2600F

MechanicalProperties
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AISI4340AlloySteel(UNSG43400)

ThemechanicalpropertiesofannealedAISI4340alloysteelaredisplayedinthefollowingtable.
Properties

Metric

Tensilestrength

745

108000

MPa

psi

470

Yieldstrength

68200psi

MPa
140

Bulkmodulus(typicalforsteel)

20300ksi

GPa

Shearmodulus(typicalforsteel)
Elasticmodulus

80GPa

11600ksi

190210

27557

GPa

30458ksi

0.27

Poisson'sratio

Imperial

0.30

0.270.30

Elongationatbreak

22%

22%

Reductionofarea

50%

50%

Hardness,Brinell

217

217

Hardness,Knoop(convertedfromBrinellhardness)

240

240

Hardness,RockwellB(convertedfromBrinellhardness)

95

95

17

17

228

228

50

50

Hardness,RockwellC(convertedfromBrinellhardness.ValuebelownormalHRC
range,forcomparisonpurposesonly)
Hardness,Vickers(convertedfromBrinellhardness)
Machinability(annealedandcolddrawn.Basedon100machinabilityforAISI
1212steel.)

ThermalProperties
ThefollowingtableoutlinesthethermalpropertiesofAISI4340alloysteel.
Properties

Metric

Thermalexpansioncoefficient(20C/68F,specimenoilhardened,600C

12.3

(1110F)temper

m/mC

Thermalconductivity(typicalsteel)

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Imperial
6.83in/inF

44.5

309BTU

W/mK

in/hr.ft.F

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AISI4340AlloySteel(UNSG43400)

OtherDesignations
OtherdesignationsthatareequivalenttoAISI4340alloysteelincludethefollowing:
AMS6359

AMS6454

ASTMA331(4340)

ASTMA711

SAEJ1397(4340)

AMS6409

ASTMA29(4340)

ASTMA506(4340)

ASTMA752(4340)

SAEJ404(4340)

AMS6414

ASTMA320(L43)

ASTMA519(4340)

ASTMA829

SAEJ412(4340)

AMS6415

ASTMA322(4340)

ASTMA646(43407)

MILS5000

FabricationandHeatTreatment
Machinability
AISI4340alloysteelcanbemachinedusingallconventionaltechniques.Machiningprocesscanbe
performedintheannealedornormalizedandtemperedconditions.

Forming
AISI4340alloysteelhasgoodductilityandformabilityintheannealedcondition.Itcanbebentorformedby
pressingorspinningintheannealedstate.

Welding
AISI4340alloysteelcanbeweldedusingfusionorresistanceweldingmethods.Preheatandpostheatweld
proceduresarefollowedwhileweldingthissteelbyestablishedmethods.

HeatTreatment
AISI4340alloysteelisheattreatedat830C(1525F)followedbyquenchinginoil.

Forging
AISI4340alloysteelisforgedat427to1233C(1800to2250F).

ColdWorking
AISI4340alloysteelcanbecoldworkedusingallconventionalmethodsintheannealedcondition.Ithas
highductility.

Annealing
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AISI4340AlloySteel(UNSG43400)

AISI4340alloysteelisannealedat844C(1550F)followedbycoolingthefurnace.

Tempering
AISI4340alloysteelshouldbeintheheattreatedornormalizedandheattreatedconditionbefore
tempering.Temperingtemperaturesdependuponthedesiredstrengthlevel.

Hardening
AISI4340alloysteelcanbehardenedbycoldworkingorheattreatment.

Applications
AISI4340alloysteelismainlyusedinpowertransmissiongearsandshafts,aircraftlandinggear,andother
structuralparts.
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