SPEECH OUTLINE

Pros and Cons of Being Night Owl

TITLE
General purpose:

To inform audience about being a night owl

Specific purpose:

To inform my audience about pros and cons of being a night

owl

Organisational:
Pattern

Topical order

Central Idea:

There are three pros and cons of being a night owl, for the pros
is you smarter, you are more creative and you have more
physical strength and for cons is you more depressed, could
have health problem and you are sleep deprived

Introduction:
I.

Explain about what is a night owl (Gain attention of audience)

II.

Tell audience about comparison between night owl and early bird
(Introduce topic)

III.

I am Professor Amir, Professor of Social Anthropology at the University of

Malaya (Establish credibility)

IV.

Here are the pros and cons of being a night owl is for the pros is you
smarter, you are more creative and you have more physical strength and
for cons is you more depressed, could have health problem and you are
sleep deprived (Preview)

I.

Body of the speech (Pros)

Transition:

The first point t that I want to highlight is smarter.

A. Main point I:

Smarter.

1. Sub point I:

Satoshi Kanazawa, an evolutionary scientist at the London

School of Economics and Political Science, found a connection
between intelligence and adaptive behaviors.
The study concluded that More intelligent children are more
likely to grow up to be nocturnal adults who go to bed late and
wake up late on both weekdays and weekends.

2. Sub point II:

Researchers at the University of Madrid released a study last

year that looked at the sleeping patterns of around 1,000 teens.
The study found that night owls scored higher on inductive
reasons tests, which is related to general intelligence, than
their morning bird counterparts.

Transition:

Now we proceed to the second point that is more creative.

B. Main point II:

More creative.

1. Sub point I:

Researchers from the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart

in Milan found that night people are more likely to develop
original and creative solutions to problems than morning
people. Marina Giampietro, the lead author of the study,
hypothesizes that night owls might be more creative because
staying up late.

2. Sub point II:

Swizec Teller, a programmer, explains in his blog that

programmers in general like to code at night because that's
when they're able to do their "best work." In other words, free
from distractions, night owls are able to immerse themselves in
mentally challenging and often creative and free thinking
work.

Transition:

C. Main point III:

The last point for pros that I will explain is you have more
physical strength.
More physical strength.

1. Sub point I:

A study by researchers at the University of Alberta tested the

leg muscle strength of nine morning people and nine night
people during different times of the day, that night people
strength peaked to higher level than morning people.
That may be because evening people show increased motor
cortex and spinal cord excitability in the evening, about 9 p.m.,
meaning they had maximal central nervous system drive at that
time," co-author Olle Lagerquist said.

2. Sub point II:

A study conducted at the Clinical Research Center of the

University of Chicago found that those who hit the gym after
work are more likely to achieve a higher degree of fitness than
early bird exercisers. Blood samples showed that levels of
certain endocrine hormones (cortisol and thyrotropin)
significantly increased in those working out at night.

II.

Body of the speech (Cons)

Transition:
A. Main point I:

The first point for cons that I want to explain is depression.

More depressed.

1. Sub point I:

People who stay up late at night usually lack quality sleep,

and suffer from social jetlag, which means they tend to
socialize less, thus leading to depression. In short, you
cannot be a night owl in an early bird world and not
expect to feel down, tired and depressed.

2. Sub point II:

Night owls have an unhealthy sleeping routine and usually

tend to more emotionally unstable than early birds. They
are likely to have problems with eating disorders and
addictions. Studies show night owls are more likely to
smoke and drink alcohol than early birds.

Transition:

B. Main point II:

Now we proceed to the second point that is could have health

problem.
Could have health problem.

1. Sub point I:

Basically because the brain is programmed to sleep at night.

When the sleeping pattern is disturbed or completely changed,
your body will understandably feel tired, which can cause
stress and irregular heartbeats.

2. Sub point II:

Working on the computer can also lead to eyestrain.

Moreover, night shift work increases the risk of diabetes and
breast cancer.

Transition:
C. Main point III:
1. Sub point I:

The last point that I will explain is you are sleep deprived.
Sleep devriped.
Since the body is not used to sleeping in the morning, you will
not have enough sleep which can cause problem.

2. Sub point II:

Australian researchers have found that night owls are more

likely to struggle after a bad night's sleep than early risers, and
using computers and smartphones before bed is only making
the problem worse. These people are at high risk because of
the timing of their body clock. They are much more likely to
have impaired mood, and to feel sleepier.

Transition:

Being a night owl can be bad to you if you do not balance your
sleep time.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, people who are night owl had their own pros and
cons but they should balance their life during the day, balance
their sleep time and care their health even they tend to be
smarter, creative and had more physical strength.