Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
294~298 (2011)
Ceramic
Processing Research
An experimental study on the characteristics of chemically synthesized nanocement for carbon dioxide reduction
Byung-Wan Jo, Ji-Sun Choi* and Seok-Won Kang
Dept. of Civil Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
Portland cement is the essential binding agent in concrete. This cement is becoming a principal factor in air pollution because
of the creation of CO2 during its manufacture. The exhaustion of the natural resources needed for Portland cement production
is also an issue. Therefore, a substitute material for this type of cement is needed. Nano-scale materials are of great interest
due to their unique optical, electrical, and magnetic properties. These properties are strongly dependent on the sizes and shapes
of the particles, and, therefore, it is important to be able to develop a construction route which retains the excellent properties
of the nano-sized material. The purpose of this study was to synthesize nano-powder as a substitute for cement using a
chemical method. Particle size, SEM, EDX, and porosity tests were conducted. This study investigated the compressive
strengths of concretes with various compositions. Specimens were tested for compressive strength three, seven, 14, and 28 days after
manufacture. In the results of this study, the medium-sized (50% by weight) nano-cement particles created via chemical synthesis were
less than 168 nm in size, and the compressive strength of the mortar prepared using these nanoparticles was 53.9 MPa.
Key words: CO2 reduction, Chemical synthesis, Alkali activation, Compressive strength, Highly functional construction material.
Introduction
Research Significance
The nano-scaling of particles can result in dramatically
improved or different properties from those of conventional
grain-size materials of the same chemical composition
[2, 3, 9] Accordingly, the use of nano-SiO2 in particle form
was considered in this paper in order to analyze the
influences of the silica fume on the micro scale in the cement
mortar. The authors believe that this study researching
cementitious materials on a nano-scale will be useful
for concrete technology [4, 13].
Materials
*Corresponding author:
Tel : +82-2-2220-0327
Fax: +82-22-2292-0321
E-mail: opt506@naver.com
Experimental Procedure
Raw materials
An experimental study on the characteristics of chemically synthesized nano-cement for carbon dioxide reduction
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Al-source composition
Deionized
Sodium
Sodium
water
aluminate hydroxide
1360 g
52 g
92 g
Table 4.
Triethanolamine
(TEA)
120 g
Si-source composition
Deionized water
320 g
295
Table 5.
Nano-silica
16 g
Solidification
Table 6.
296
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
The specific gravity and specific surface area of the nanocement were measured as 2.11 and 3,582,400 cm2/g,
respectively. The specific surface area increased 1,150 times
compared to that of the 3,112 cm2/g of the normal Portland
cement. The specific gravity of the normal Portland cement
was 3.15. It was estimated that the hydration or hardening
materials were created in higher concentrations around the
aggregates as the specific surface area increased because
the composed particles of nano-cement became smaller.
The compressive strength and dynamic characteristics
improved as the void size decreased, and the cement
became denser. The chemical components of the nanocement are presented in Fig. 1.
Compared to the normal Portland cement, the amount
of CaO in the nano-cement was extremely small. Reviewing
Standard mix proportion of nano-cement (wt% per NC)
NC
Alkali activator Aggregate
Water
100
95
314
0
Table 7.
An experimental study on the characteristics of chemically synthesized nano-cement for carbon dioxide reduction
297
0.115
Fig. 5.
(1)
Compressive strength
Fig. 7.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 8.
Fig. 9.
298
Further Research
Acknowledgments
Conclusions
This research was conducted to develop a cement with
superior capabilities in order to address the arising problems
from the current cement production process. After analyzing
this new cement, the following conclusions have been made.
1. The average particle size in the proposed cementproduction method was about 168 nm, and the final cement
product had a specific gravity of 2.11 and a specific surface
area of 3,582,400 cm2/g. Some of the combined small
elements of the powder had irregular shapes, but most
of the particles were octahedrally-shaped.
2. To deduce the most suitable mixture, variations in
the amounts of water/binder, fine aggregate, and alkali
activators were used to measure the compressive strength.
The measured results showed that constant amounts of
water/binder and fine aggregate were advantageous to
the strength of the final cement, and, as the concentration
of the alkali activator increased, the hardening rate increased.
3. After measuring the compressive strengths of the
combined test objects, dry curing at 90 oC resulted in the
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