GS3100 Manual Colour

GS3100 Weigh/Batching Front End
Operating & Installation Manual.

NOW AVAILABLE WITH OPTIONAL MODBUS ASCII & RTU SERIAL I/O
and HIGH PRECISION ANALOG OUTPUT OPTION
Year 2000 Compliant

488 Church Street, Richmond, Victoria, 3121, Australia.
Phone +61 3 9429 8396. Fax +61 3 9429 8097.
Email gs3100@gedgesystems.com.au
Issue 6 of November 2005
Copyright GS Systems Pty Ltd
ABN 18737137544
All Rights Reserved
MANUAL & SOFTWARE VERSION NOTICE.

Manuals issue 4 of January 2001 and later apply to GS3100 products fitted with software version 7 or
greater shipped January 2001 or later. The software version can be checked when power is first applied
by noting the displayed message 3100.7A or 3100.7b. The 7 part of the message is the software
version number, the A identifies the unit as a standard GS3100 and the b identifies the unit as one
fitted at the factory with the OPTIONAL MODBUS serial I/O.
Improvements introduced with version 7 are the addition of PLC compatible 8bit serial communications
and the simplification of the setpoint output settings.
Manual issue 5 did not include a complete list of all 20 MODBUS registers whereas issue 5a does.
This Manual issue 6 applies to all GS3100 shipped during or after November 2005 displaying, during
power up, the software version "3100_8A" or "3100_7b". No changes have been made to the operation
of the MODBUS version "3100_7b". However the standard version "3100_8A" has been expanded to
include an Optional Analog Output Card with 4-20mA and 0-10VDC. Also included are controls to
simulate Full Scale and Zero Analog Output to facilitate external equipment calibration without the need
to apply loads to the weighing system.
Gedge Systems expressly disclaims all responsibility for the direct and indirect consequences to each and every
party whatsoever, in respect of the use or application of this product or any other Gedge Systems product if it
is used in any way whatsoever beyond or outside the specified purpose for which it was supplied.
The contents, format and authorship of all material produced or printed by any medium,
by or on behalf of GS Systems Pty. Ltd., is the subject of strict proprietorship of and by
GS Systems Pty. Ltd., and cannot be copied, reproduced, plagiarized or used in part or in
whole either directly or indirectly by any party whatsoever without the prior written
consent of GS Systems Pty. Ltd. This publication, all of its parts and all matters derived
from it, forms part of such material.
Gedge Systems - Melbourne - Australia
Email: gs3100@gedgesystems.com.au
page 2
Table of Contents
5 1 INTRODUCTION & FEATURES.
7 2 OPERATING THE GS3100
7
7
8
9
9
10
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
Introduction
Applying Power, Retained & Cleared Settings, Serial I/O Considerations.
Messages & their meaning including the 3 methods of locking the GS3100's keys.
Front Panel Display
Front Panel Lamps
Keyboard Controls
11 3 FULL INSTALLATION DETAILS.

11
12
12
12
13
3.1 Installation steps.

3.2 Unpacking the GS3100.
3.3 Check the mains supply voltage on the rear of the GS3100.
3.4 Electrical supply quality.
3.5 Analog Output Option6HPF (High Precision Fast clock rate)
13 3.5.1
13 3.5.2
14 3.5.3
15
16
16
17
18
18
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
3.10
3.11
Physical Installation and Adjustment.

Analog Output Load Simulation
Connections and Specification
Installing an optional serial card into the GS3100 & Setting its Baud Rate.
Selecting Isolated or Non-Isolated Operation of Serial Option Cards 202, 207, 07 & 08.
Setting the baud rate for the GS3100's standard RS-232C serial output.
Connecting Load Cells.
Connecting to the Mains Supply.
Calibration and Setup keys - Access and Use.
18 3.11.1
18 3.11.2
19 3.11.3
General.
Use of keys and access to the settings.
Use of the GS3100's keys for calibration and programming.
20 3.12 Digital Setup - Programming the GS3100.

20 3.12.1
20 3.12.2
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
22
22
22
22
23
23
23
23
23
3.12.2.1
3.12.2.2
3.12.2.3
3.12.2.4
3.12.2.5
3.12.2.6
3.12.2.7
3.12.2.8
3.12.2.9
3.12.2.10
3.12.2.11
3.12.2.12
3.12.2.13
3.12.2.14
3.12.2.15
3.12.2.16
Accessing Digital Setup.

Digital Setup Settings.
Resolution in display divisions.

Decimal Places.
Count By.
Update Rate.
Standstill {not in motion}.
Zero Track.
Function Lock.
Set point Test.
Open/Closed.
Output.
MODBUS baud rate.
Serial Comms - Word Composition.
Stream Output.
Units.
Block Division Character.
Beginning and End Character.
24 3.13 Device Number - its description and instructions for setting it.
24 3.14 Weight Units Labels
25 3.15 Weight Calibration
25 3.15.1
25 3.15.2
25 3.15.3
General
Zero Out The Dead Load Offset
Span Calibration.
page 3
Table of Contents
26 3.16 Connecting the Standard RS-232C Serial Output & the Set Point Control Outputs.
27 3.17 Electrical Specification of the GS3100's Set Point Non-Latching Outputs.
28 3.18 Spike and Transient Suppression of Switched Load Noise.
29 4 STANDARD RS-232C SERIAL OUTPUT COMPOSITION

30 4.1
Serial Data Word Composition and Serial Flow Control - XON/XOFF.
30 5 SERIAL INPUT DIAGNOSTICS

31 6 SERIAL OUTPUT OPTIONS - RS-422A, 20mA, Optically Isolated RS-232C
31 6.1
31 6.2
32 6.2.1
32 6.3
Available Serial Output Options, What they do and Why they are selected.
Physical Installation, Baud Rate Selection, Output Selection, Set up,Format & Isolation.
Optical Isolation, the Position of Links LK1 on the Option Card & the need for a 9VDC Supply.
Optional Serial Output Cards - Output and Power Supply Connections.
33 7 SERIAL INPUT/OUTPUT OPTIONS - RS-232C, RS-422A, 20mA CL,

RS-485
33 7.1
33 7.2
33 7.2.1
34 7.2.2
34 7.3
35 7.4
36 7.5
36
36
37
37
38
7.5.1
7.5.2
7.5.3
7.5.4
7.5.5
38
38
39
40
41
42
45
45
7.5.5.1
7.5.5.2
7.5.5.3
7.5.5.4
7.5.5.5
7.5.5.6
7.5.5.7
7.5.5.8
Available Serial Input/Output Options, What they do and Why they are selected.
Physical Installation, Baud Rate Selection, Input/Output Selection, Set up & Isolation.
Isolation, the Position of Links LK1 on the Option Card & the need for a 9VDC Supply.
Maximum Baud Rate, Delay in Responding and Timing. (Not applicable to MODBUS)
Device Number and Digital Setup Settings for serial I/O. (Not applicable to MODBUS.)
Optional Serial Input/Output Cards - Input/Output and Power Supply Connections.
GS3100's Serial I/O Language.
Communications Flow Control.
Avoiding Multiple GS3100s on the same RS-485 Bus Talking at the same time.
Time Out and Clearing the Command Buffer.
Acquiring Zero and Missing Commands.
Communication Language and Commands.
General Command & Reply Structure.

ID Number Command.
Set Point Commands.
General Purpose Commands that Control the GS3100 and Ask for the Weight.
Requests for Information Commands.
Terminal Mode, the GS3100 transmitted key codes & two Useful Brief Commands.
Table of ASCII Characters that can be displayed by the GS3100 (includes their hex equivalent).
Table of Hexadecimal values for ASCII characters.
46 8 MODBUS3100 - FACTORY FITTED MODBUS ASCII and RTU OPTION.

46 8.1
46 8.2
46 8.2.1
47 8.2.2
47 8.3
47 8.4
47 8.4.1
47 8.4.2
48 8.4.3
48
50
50
51
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.8
Introduction.
Serial Transmission Modes, Speeds and Slave Numbers.
ASCII Mode
RTU Mode
MODBUS Functions and Exception Response.

Timing Considerations.
Timing - ASCII mode versus RTU mode.
Timing - GS3100's time to Respond.
Timing - Baud Rate
GS3100's 20 Holding Registers.

Battery RAM - Additional MODBUS3100" Option Features.
MODBUS Installation and Setup.
MODBUS Communications Testing/Demonstration.
52 9 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION.
53 10 WARRANTY
page 4
1 INTRODUCTION & FEATURES.

The GS3100 is a high performance, high accuracy and high stability microprocessor based digital weight
indicator designed specifically as THE PERFECT Weigh/Batching Front End. The sensible size of the GS3100's
front panel, keyboard and display make it easy to read and use during manual operation and installation. The
very short case length and short cable connectors allow fitment into low cost small enclosures. The GS3100's
wide range of flexible settings will ensure its profitable application in a large number of applications, where it
really shines when used as the input device for Computer/PLC Controlled Batching and Weighing.
The GS3100 includes features NEVER SEEN BEFORE in weight indicators. It sets the benchmark by which
the usefulness of all other indicators used as front ends will be judged. Major features and benefits are:n NOW AVAILABLE (with version 8A) - Optional High Precision 14bit (1:16,000) 4-20mA and 0-10VDC
Analog Output using OPTION6HPF plus 100% & 0% Load Simulation for external equipment calibration.
n NOW AVAILABLE - MODBUS ASCII and RTU OUTPUT. The factory fitted Option MODBUS3100"
provides full modbus RTU and ASCII serial I/O from 1200Baud to 19,200Baud with support for
multi-holding register read function 03 and single register write function 06. SLAVE number can be set from
01 to 99. By also selecting Option07 or Option08, users can choose the serial I/O level to suit their
application. Available I/O includes RS-232C; 20mA Current Loop; RS-422A or RS-485 MultiPoint. In
addition, the MODBUS option includes battery backed ram for tare, ID number and zero tracked value.
n NOW AVAILABLE with the release of SOFTWARE VERSION 7 or GREATER - PLC COMPATIBLE 8bit
SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS. You can now easily select the serial word type best suited to your application
- choose either 7bit with Even parity or 8bit with no parity. Word type selection as required by the MODBUS
standard remains fully automatic for MODBUS protocols.
n A World First. The first Digital Weight Indicator to be designed from the ground up as a front end for
Computer/PLC Controlled batching. It has all of the features and none of the hassles of competing products
which have to be shoe horned into the job. It is tailored for the job and fits perfectly.
n Computer/PLCs can talk to factory floor operators, via the GS3100, ACROSS the WORLD. The in-built
advanced serial I/O language, using optional serial I/O cards, allows the GS3100's keyboard and display to be
used as the PLC/Computer operator's interface - whether it be on the factory floor or, via a modem, on the
other side of the World. The remotely situated PLC/Computer can completely control the GS3100. In
addition to weight, set point and ID information, it can also request a vast range of information, including
many of the GS3100's installed settings, its product designation, software version and much more.
n Serial I/O Controlled Stream Weight Data Mode.
The GS3100's serial I/O language includes commands

which enable the remote Computer/PLC to turn-on and turn-off the GS3100's serial weight stream mode. This
allows the remote Computer to request high speed weight data during critical weighing/batching periods
AND to put to sleep the GS3100 during periods when high speed weight data is not required.
n GS3100 as the remote Operator input device for the Computer. All front panel key operations can be sent to
the remote Computer. Immediately the Computer puts the GS3100 into terminal mode, all operations of the
GS3100's front panel keys are sent to the Computer and not acted upon by the GS3100. During all of this
time, the GS3100 continues weighing and set point operations without interruption.
n GS3100 as a remote message display for the PLC/Computer. Immediately the Computer puts the GS3100 into
terminal mode, the GS3100's display is completely under the control of the Computer. It will display any
messages sent to it and so, can be used by the Computer to talk to the on-floor operator. During all of this
time, the GS3100 continues weighing and set point operations without interruption.
n Standard no-extra cost RS-232 Serial Output.
For Computer/PLC controlled applications requiring only

serial weight data, the GS3100 is perfect. Its standard RS-232C 4800/9600 baud output can be programmed
to send weight information, OR, weight information including the status of the alarm set points as well as the
operator ID information.
n Full Range of Programmable Settings.
The GS3100's extensive range of keyboard programmable settings

allows it to be customized to suit any application. The content of the serial output can be extensively varied
to suit the application. So, too, can the operation of the set points and access to the keyboard functions.
page 5

n As standard - Dual Optically Isolated Set points for High and Low Alarms - a vital safety measure. The dual
set points can monitor the weight, in-the background, while the Computer/PLC is controlling the batching
process. In the event of a fault with the Computer, or with related equipment, the set points can trigger alarms
or close down the plant.
n Full SIX wire load cell connection. The GS3100 automatically and accurately compensates for long load cell
cable runs typical in weigh/batching applications. Competitors cheap products, which use only FOUR wires
cannot compensate for long cable runs and can produce errors in excess of 10% of reading as a result.
n Assured and Guaranteed Accuracy and Stability. Every GS3100 spends at least ONE DAY in our thermal
chamber cycled between equivalent operating temperatures of -10oC and +40oC. Their accuracy and stability
are continuously monitored and recorded. If they don't meet our specifications 100%, they don't get shipped.
Typically, actual shipped performance is FIVE to TEN TIMES MORE STABLE than our published
specification - you can rely on it.
n High Speed TWENTY PER SECOND operation tuned to provide rapid response. Slower update rates can
also be programmed during installation if required.

n Installs into small low cost enclosures - 150mm Body length and 180mm total depth with connectors allows
installation into a standard 200mm depth enclosure.

n Operator friendly via the use of a colour coded layout with FIFTEEN sensibly sized 12mm keys and a large
14mm display.
n Easy to use, the front panel lamps and descriptions are clear. The method of entering set points and other
information is natural and easy to remember.

n Highly Reliable with a design based on 15 years of weighing electronics equipment design.
Complete
in-house manufacturing and testing assures a long trouble free life.

n Low additional equipment costs. Powerful optically Isolated 0.5Amp 45VDC solid state outputs allow direct
connection to alarm or feeder solenoids driven by a user supplied low cost power supply.
n Not a Panel meter. The GS3100 is a proper full function weight indicator. It is designed and manufactured
by Gedge Systems who has international weights and measures approvals for weight indicators and
controllers.
n Display any weight to 199990.
The wide ranging display of 6 digits allows virtually any weight to be

displayed. Weight settings include adjustable display resolution from 400 to 10,000 divisions in 100 division
steps, adjustable count by settings of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 50 with adjustable decimal point - all set up via the
keyboard with easy to understand and remember settings.
n Easy to calibrate.
No internal potentiometers or gain/zero switches within the GS3100.

automatic via the front panel keyboard using easy to follow steps.
Calibration is
n Easy connections via 100% plug and socket connections. Special short length cable connectors with metal
back shells supplied as standard to reduce the required panel depth. The panel mounting hardware is supplied
as a no extra cost standard item.
n Added security - the GS3100 records attempts to access its settings. Calibration and programming can only be
accessed by a secure key sequence. Every failed attempt to access the GS3100's settings is recorded. So too
is every successful access attempt. This information is displayed when power is applied, and so can be noted
by installation and supervisory personnel - it can also be transmitted to a remote Computer/PLC using the
GS3100's I/O features.
n Quality Assured. All features, operations, displays, outputs as well as standard and options connectors have to
meet a 100% performance test before shipping.

n A full record of manufacture.
Gedge Systems maintains a detailed and full record of every product

manufactured. This record includes all of the extensive manufacturing test sheets and procedures, all linked to
the product's serial number and invoice number. We are able to repair our products quickly and economically
and return them to you just as they were manufactured.
page 6
2 OPERATING THE GS3100

2.1 Introduction
The following section describes the operation of the GS3100 using its own front panel display, keyboard and
lamps. The GS3100 can also be operated entirely by a remote Computer or PLC, via an optional serial input and
output card. This method of operation is described in the OPTIONS section of this manual and only mentioned
briefly in the following.
2.2 Applying Power, Retained & Cleared Settings, Serial I/O Considerations.
Retained and Cleared Settings & Serial I/O Considerations: When power is removed, the GS3100 retains all
of its settings, including all of the calibration and setup information, the two set point values and the key zero
value. The only exceptions are: the Tare value; any zero tracked value and the ID number, all of which are
cleared and set to zero when power is next applied. In addition, any flags which were set during serial I/O,
will also be cleared. This point is particularly important if the remote computer is locking out the GS3100's
keyboard. The lockout flag will be cleared and keyboard access enabled when power is re-applied. Further, if
the GS3100 was being operated in terminal mode, it resumes operation in its normal mode when power is
re-applied. Remote control schemes should include techniques to frequently poll the GS3100 to determine its
status and, if necessary, re-apply the key locking and terminal mode functions.
{The GS3100 also clears the above mentioned settings following a proper calibration or setup procedure. It does
not clear them, however, following an unsuccessful attempt to gain access to the GS3100's CAL function.)
Messages when power is applied: When power is applied, the GS3100 loads its retained settings, clears the
above mentioned settings and flags, and then verifies its configuration. It then displays the below sequence of
messages which are followed by a display of the gross weight:3100.8A This identifies the product as a GS3100, with software version 8 installed. The GS3100 is type A.
3100.7b This identifies the product as a GS3100, with factory installed MODBUS3100" Option fitted.
Software version 7 installed. The GS3100 is type b.
888888 The GS3100 turns on all the bars of its display and all of its six lamps to verify that they are
working properly.
Blank This is a blank display with nothing shown. The GS3100 turns off all the bars of its display and all
of its six lamps to verify that they are working properly.
page 7

FCA002 FCA stands for Failed Calibration Access. The number shown is the number of times that someone
has attempted to gain access to the GS3100's calibration and set up settings but have failed to do so. This
number may change during installation due to the accidental operation of the wrong key by installation
personnel. This is not a problem. The number should be noted down when installation is complete, as any
change after that will indicate that someone has attempted unauthorized access to the GS3100 settings.
SCA002 SCA stands for Successful Calibration Access. The number shown is the number of times that
someone has successfully gained access to the GS3100's calibration and set up settings. This number will
change during installation. The number should be noted down when installation is complete, as any change
after that may indicate that someone has gained unauthorized access to the GS3100 settings.
2.3 Messages & their meaning including the 3 methods of locking the GS3100's keys.
The following messages may be displayed when power is applied, or during operation of the GS3100. The
explanation of the messages contains recommendations that should ONLY be carried out by personnel who are
fully qualified and authorized to do so.
Locd F Locked Key Function. This means that the key just operated has been locked out by the function lock
setting in Digital Setup during installation. See page 21.
Locd L Locked Keys Lockout. This means that the key just operated has been locked out by a remote
Computer or PLC sending a keyboard locking command to the GS3100. See page 40 and the factory installed
MODBUS3100" Option.
Locd.tr Locked Keys in terminal restricted mode. This means that the key just operated has been locked out
by a remote Computer or PLC which has placed the GS3100 into the terminal but does not want the GS3100
to transmit the keyboard key codes. See page 42.
too Hi. Too High. This message is displayed when a set point value is being entered if the key just operated
would cause the value to exceed 120% of the GS3100's installed capacity. The message is displayed for 1
second, followed by a 2 second display of the allowed maximum value for the set point. The value being
entered is then displayed. It should be changed to ensure it does not exceed the maximum allowed value.
Err1 Error 1. The GS3100's factory settings are damaged and the GS3100 cannot operate properly. It must be
returned to the factory for testing and repair. There is no in the field solution for this problem.
--- The gross weight on the scale or in the weigh hopper is greater than the set up and calibrated
capacity of the GS3100. This may occur briefly as the weight on the scale approaches, and, due to impact
loading, overshoots the full capacity of the scale. The scale or system installer should be contacted to remedy
this, as it may indicate the possibility of damage occurring to the load cells due to the load overshoot.
OFF The electrical signal from the load cells is greater than the allowed input to the GS3100. This indicates a
serious problem, because the allowed input to the GS3100 is very large, regardless of how it has been
calibrated. Possible causes are: damaged load cells due to overload, lightning strike or welding. Damaged load
cell cables for whatever reason. Damaged load cell circuit to the GS3100. Incorrect connection to the GS3100
of the load cell cables. A failure of the GS3100's load cell input. If the GS3100 displays weight when a star
bridge or load cell simulator is properly connected to it, the fault will be in the load cell circuit external to the
GS3100. Contact the scale or system supplier to investigate the fault.
-OFF The electrical signal from the load cells is negative and greater than the allowed input to the GS3100. If
the load cells are sitting on a bench, and have no load upon them, this may not be a serious problem, as it
may just mean that the load cells unloaded electrical output is more negative than is usual. Try loading the
load cells to see if the displayed message disappears. Alternatively, try swapping the signal cables as they may
be connected in a way that makes the electrical signal go negative on load rather than positive.
If it is not any of these, then this indicates a serious problem, because the allowed negative input to the
GS3100 is large, regardless of how it has been calibrated. Possible causes are: damaged load cells due to
overload, lightning strike or welding. Damaged load cell cables for whatever reason. Damaged load cell circuit
to the GS3100. Incorrect connection to the GS3100 of the load cell cables. A failure of the GS3100's load cell
input. If the GS3100 displays weight when a star bridge or load cell simulator is properly connected to it the
fault will be in the load cell circuit external to the GS3100. Contact the scale or system supplier to investigate
the fault.
page 8

2.4 Front Panel Display
The GS3100's six digit display will normally
show the weight on the scale or weigh hopper,
with the Gross or Net lamp illuminated to indicate
the type of weight.
The display is also used while entering an ID
number or set point values. If this is the case, an 'i' will be displayed to the left of the number for ID entry. Set
point entry allows up to six digit numbers so the display will not include any messages while set points are
entered, but the lamps will tell you which set point it is.
In any event, the GS3100's display will always automatically return to a display of weight after 15 seconds of
inactivity when set point values or ID numbers are displayed.
Finally, the GS3100's display may contain none of these. Instead, it may contain a message that has been sent to
it from a remote computer or PLC (from across the room or across the world). If this is the case, the messages
and their meaning should be contained in the documentation supplied with your weigh batching systems. You
will need to contact your system supplier for details concerning this.
2.5 Front Panel Lamps

The GS3100's front panel contains six lamps as shown and described below:
The GROSS or NET lamps are only on when

weight is displayed. GROSS indicates that the
gross weight is displayed. NET indicates that
the displayed weight is the GROSS weight
minus a tare value (NET weight).
The COMMS lamp flashes when serial information is

received or transmitted by the GS3100. It only flashes
during the actual transmission, and so, if there are periods
of inactivity on the GS3100s serial port, this lamp will be
off.
When the GS3100 is in the terminal mode, this lamp will
be off for most of the time. It will flash briefly when the
GS3100s keys are operated as the key code is transmitted
to the computer and, as the computer transmits information
to the GS3100. There may be a fault with the serial output
if this lamp does not flash when serial information is
supposed to be transmitted. Alternatively, the GS3100 may
The ENTRY lamp will be on as follows:During entry of an ID number or set point value.
During operation of the GS3100 in terminal mode,
under the complete control of a remote Computer or
PLC. When operated in this way, the ENTRY lamp
illuminates immediately the GS3100 is placed in the
terminal mode by a command from the remote
Computer/PLC. It remains on until a front panel key is
pressed, when it goes off. The key value is then sent
to the remote Computer/PLC which can then send an
acknowledgement message to the GS3100s display.
Receipt of this message by the GS3100 causes the
ENTRY lamp to again be turned on.
This lamp is not directly controlled by the remote
Computer/PLC - its operation is automatic and is
controlled by the GS3100 based on the above
operations.
If the GS3100 is used in the restricted terminal
mode this lamp is always off as the GS3100s keys
are not transmitted to the computer in this mode.
The set point lamps SP1 and SP2 will be OFF all of
the time that the GS3100 is operated in the terminal
mode. At all other times, they will be ON when the
weight is equal to the set point or greater than the set
point and OFF when the weight is lower than the set
point. {The GS3100s control outputs are closed and
conducting current when the set point lamp is ON and
open circuit when the set point lamp is OFF.}
Lamp ON if weight >= setpoint
Lamp OFF if weight < setpoint.
SP1 or SP2 lamp will also be ON while a set point
value is being entered at the keyboard.
page 9

2.6 Keyboard Controls
ZERO Zeros the gross weight and momentarily blanks the display to show that the operation was successful.
The ZERO key can be operated while NET weight or GROSS weight is displayed. Its operation has no effect
on any stored tare values and it does not switch from net to gross when operated in the net mode.
The ZERO key will not operate if it has been locked out during installation of the GS3100, or if the scale
is in motion, or the gross weight to be zeroed (including any value zeroed already) exceeds 2% of the installed
capacity of the weighing system.
The YES identity on the key is only for use and convenience during terminal mode operation.
TARE Acquires the gross
weight as a tare value and
switches the display to a net
weight of zero. Does not
operate if the scale is in
motion or if the function
has been locked out.
CLEAR During set point
and ID entry clears the
display to zero. CLEAR
must be operated after a set
point or ID# is displayed in
order to clear it and enter a
new value.
PRINT Prints the weight or sends a print command to a remote Computer

or PLC. When the GS3100s serial output has been installed to operate in the
printer mode, the display blanks and the COMMS lamp flashes following a
successful print operation. The GS3100 will not print if the scale is in motion.
The PRINT key is buffered for 2 seconds, and so, provided the scale
becomes still within this time, a print operation will occur.
If the GS3100 is sending stream weight data, the PRINT key operation
may also be sent, depending on the way the GS3100 is set up. If it is sent, the
COMMS lamp flashes and the display blanks briefly.
G/N The GROSS/NET key switches the weight display
between gross weight and net weight. During entry of set
point values or ID numbers it can be used to exit the
entry returning the GS3100 to its weight display mode
without saving the changes.
ENTER, ID#, SP1, SP2 and the numeral keys 0 to 9. These keys are used to display and to enter ID numbers
and set point values. To display a setting, operate the appropriate key - ID#, SP1 or SP2. The current value will
be displayed. If you do nothing for 15 seconds, the GS3100 will automatically return to its weight display. The
GS3100 continues to check its set points and to drive its serial output even while ID numbers and set point
values are being changed. To change a value, first display it, then key CLEAR while the current value is
displayed. This tells the GS3100 that you want to make a change and it immediately clears the display. You then
use the numeral keys to enter the new value and key ENTER again to save it. The GS3100 momentarily blanks
its display to signify a successful operation. If you try to enter a set point value that is too large, the GS3100 will
warn you with a message too Hi. You can quit changing a value without affecting the existing setting by
keying G/N instead of the ENTER. When you key ENTER to save your new set point value, the GS3100
automatically adjusts the smallest increment to suit the GS3100s set up and displays the adjusted value (for
example, it would make 3" a 5" if the GS3100 was set up to count by 5).
page 10
3 FULL INSTALLATION DETAILS.

3.1 Installation steps.
The list below shows each of the steps required for the installation of the GS3100. They are listed in the order in
which they should be carried out. The paragraphs that follow, which are presented in the same order as the list,
describe in detail each of the steps. The installation procedure is the same for the standard GS3100 and for the
GS3100 with the Optional ModBus I/O feature installed.
n Unpack the GS3100 and any option cards which have been supplied loose with it. Check the equipment for
damage in transit. Only proceed if no damage is found. Check that all of the items are present. Retain the
packing.
n Check that the supply voltage identified on the rear of the GS3100 is correct. Do not connect to the mains
supply yet.
n Read the paragraph on page 12 concerning electrical supply quality. If a mains filter/conditioner is required
obtain it now.
n If an Analog Output Option is to be fitted, install it now. The baud rate links on the motherboard are not used
and so can be left either in or out.

n If a serial output or serial I/O option card is to be fitted, install it now. At the same time set the serial
transmission rate (baud rate) using the switches on the serial option card. Also remove the baud rate link
LK2" situated at the front on the GS3100's motherboard. NOTE:- Operation of the Optional MODBUS serial
I/O feature also requires selection and installation of either an Option07 or Option08 Serial I/O card.
n If the GS3100's standard RS-232C serial output is to be used, instead of an optional serial card, select the
baud rate now by positioning the link LK2" in the 9600 baud or 4800 baud position. LK2" is situated at the
front of the GS3100's motherboard.
n Connect the load cell or cells to the GS3100.
n Connect the GS3100 to the mains supply and apply power. Check to ensure that there are no persistent error
messages before proceeding.

n Read the section describing the use of the GS3100's front panel keyboard during set up and calibration.
Particularly note the security key sequence needed to access the GS3100's calibration and set up settings.
n Decide on the appropriate Digital Setup settings and then program them into the GS3100.
n If the GS3100's serial output is to be used set the Device Number.
n The GS3100's front panel includes the unit of measure kg. If the units for this installation are not kg
attach the appropriate weight units label to front of GS3100.

n Remove all live loads and Zero the scale's dead load.
n Apply an accurately known weight in the range of 50% to 100% of capacity to the scale or weigh hopper and
span calibrate the installation.

n Connect the external equipment to the GS3100 set point control outputs and, if required, to the standard or
optional serial output.

n Carry out a test to check the system's operation.
WARNING. ALWAYS MAKE SAFE OR DISCONNECT ALL EXTERNAL DEVICES CONTROLLED

BY THE GS3100 BEFORE CALIBRATING OR ENTERING DIGITAL SETUP.
page 11

3.2 Unpacking the GS3100.
The GS3100 is shipped to you in a rugged carton which includes foam supports for the GS3100 to protect it
from damage in transit. Because of the protective nature of the packing and the very rugged and well designed
nature of the product, damage in transit is a very rare occurrence. However, if the product is dropped or thrown
hard enough, it will sustain damage despite the packing. Before proceeding, please carefully examine the
package and the GS3100 to check for any physical damage that may have occurred during shipping. If damage
is found, do not use the GS3100. Especially do not connect the GS3100 to the mains as fatal injury may
result.
If no signs of external damage are visible, shake the GS3100 to ensure that extreme shock loads during shipment
have not dislodged any components. If there are loose components, do not use the GS3100. Especially do not
connect the GS3100 to the mains as fatal injury may result.
Only proceed if no damage is found, otherwise, put the GS3100 aside along with all of the packing and contact
your supplier, who will instruct you how to proceed. Label the GS3100 clearly so as to prevent anyone else from
applying power to it. The GS3100 shipment should comprises the following items. Check each item against the
list:GS3100 Weigh/Batching Front End instrument.
Mains power cord with 90 connector.
This manual.
Weight units label kit.
Panel mounting slides kit comprising two slide assemblies.
Load cell cable connector, 9 pin female with short metal back shell.
Control & Serial cables connector, 9 pin male with short metal back shell.
If an optional serial or analog card was ordered it should also be included in the shipment.
If there are any shortages, contact your supplier, but first double check the shipping container as sometimes
items can be overlooked in the packing pieces. Do not dispose of the GS3100's shipping container. In the
unlikely event of a fault developing at some time in the future, you will need it, to ensure that the GS3100 can
be securely and safely shipped back to Gedge Systems for repair.
3.3 Check the mains supply voltage on the rear of the GS3100.
The GS3100 is designed to work correctly at certain specified nominal voltages and within specified frequencies
and voltage tolerances as contained in the Technical Specification section of this manual. The GS3100 is
usually supplied to operate at 240VAC 50Hz single phase unless specified on the purchase order. Alternative
nominal voltages that can be supplied for 50Hz or 60Hz single phase operation are 100/110/117/200/220VAC.
The rear panel of the GS3100 includes a label which identifies the mains voltage required. Check that this
matches the mains voltage that you intend to use. DO NOT PROCEED IF THE MAINS VOLTAGE IN
YOUR AREA DOES NOT MATCH THE VOLTAGE SPECIFIED ON THE GS3100, AS INJURY OR
DAMAGE MAY RESULT. CONTACT THE SUPPLIER OF THE GS3100 IMMEDIATELY.
Do not apply power to the GS3100 just yet, as there are more installation steps to be carried out before power
should be applied.
3.4 Electrical supply quality.

The GS3100 has been designed to operate properly on a normal mains electrical supply and incorporates modern
techniques of mains supply filtration and dropped cycle protection. There is a limit of mains supply noise,
dropped cycles and voltage variations beyond which the GS3100 will cease to properly operate. In this event
investigation will be required. Likely causes of inaccurate batching and weighing include a poor electrical supply
and inadequate attention to load cell and control cable shielding, ground paths, switched load spike suppression
or routing of power cables in close proximity to load cell or control cables. A poor mains supply problem may
be rectified by a mains power conditioner or un-interruptible mains supply conditioner. Other problems will
require a review of the entire installation.
page 12

3.5Analog Output Option6HPF (High Precision Fast clock rate)
3.5.1 Physical Installation and Adjustment.
This section includes details for the physical installation of Option6HPF as well as details of how to adjust its
4-20mA/0-10VDC Output and calibrate external equipment. Refer to the image on page 14 which shows the
Option card installed in a GS3100.
n Remove power from the GS3100. Remove the top cover. Remove the 25 pin option connector blanking plate
from the GS3100's rear panel.

n Install the ribbon cable supplied with the serial card into the seven pin socket J3 located at the front left on
the GS3100 motherboard, ensuring that the coloured conductor on the edge of the ribbon cable is to the front
of the GS3100 when viewed from the front (this conductor connects to pin 1 of J3). The connector J3 is keyed
but take care not to offset the pins. Also, do not confuse this connector with the six pin connector J4 near the
middle of the motherboard.
n Install the option board with the component side uppermost by screwing it to the GS3100's rear panel using
the jack screws and washers provided. The star washers must be used under the jack screws.
n Connect the ribbon cable connector to the J1 socket on the option board (support the board while doing this)
making sure the coloured conductor on the edge of the ribbon cable is to the front of the GS3100 when
viewed from the front (this conductor connects to pin 1 of J1 on the serial card). The connector J1 is keyed
but take care not to offset the pins.
n Now apply power to the GS3100. There is no need to connect a load cell to the GS3100 in order to adjust the
Option6HPF's analog output. If a load cell is connected there is no need to remove it as it will not affect the
adjustment procedure.
n If not already selected, refer to Digital Setup on page 20 and the Output selection on page 22 and select
Analog Output (if this is not done the Load Simulation will not work).
n Option6HPF is a highly accurate and stable 14bit (1:16,000) D/AC driven 4-20mA and 0-10VDC Output. If
its output is received by external equipment with a 14bit (or greater) A/DC input then the external equipment
should have numeric agreement with the GS3100 in most practical weighing applications.
n Option6HPF is shipped from the factory with the 4-20mA signal adjusted for 4mA at zero load and 20mA at
100% Capacity. It should not require adjustment. If the 0-10VDC signal is to be used instead of 4-20mA it
will require a small adjustment.
n To adjust Option6HPF and calibrate external equipment ensure the GS3100 and Option6HPF have warmed up
for about 30minutes to achieve thermal stability. Now use the GS3100's Analog Load Simulation (described in
the following) to simulate ZERO load and 100% Full Load and use the Zero and Span potentiometers on the
Option6HPF card to obtain the required output. The potentiometers are identified on the card as ZERO and
SPAN. They can be seen on the left of the card in the image on page 14.
n When all adjustments are complete replace the GS3100 top cover to finish the installation.
3.5.2 Analog Output Load Simulation

The GS3100 includes Load Simulation to make it easy to adjust the Analog Output of Option6HPF and to
adjust and calibrate external equipment that uses the analog signal. There is no need to connect a load cell to the
GS3100 in order to carry out load simulation. Also, it does not matter if a load cell is connected.
Following the procedure on page 18 place the GS3100 in its calibration mode with a display of CAL. Then
press the numeral 6 key. The GS3100 will display its Full Scale capacity (as set in Digital Setup) and will drive
its analog output Full Scale. This will be the 20mA and10VDC level. Use the SPAN potentiometer on the
Option6HPF board to obtain a precise 20mA OR 10VDC but first key 6 again to display ZERO load and adjust
the ZERO output to a precise 4mA OR 0VDC. (It is best to first adjust the zero then the span - the process
should be repeated a couple of times for best accuracy).
Successively keying 6 will cycle through Full Scale and Zero. When finished key numeral 1 (end cal) to
return the GS3100 to normal weighing.
Email: sales@gedgesystems.com.au
page 13

3.5.3 Connections and Specification
Option6HPF Connections.
Option6HPF is designed specifically for use in the GS3100 and "short Pin
enclosure" GS products that use a high speed data bus on the
No.
Connection
Motherboard. Its high stability components and 14bit (1:16,000) Digital
to Analog Converter will deliver an analog output capable of numeric
1 Frame (Shield)
agreement between the GS3100 display and remote equipment.
When used in the GS3100, the analog output of Option6HPF is based 13 + Voltage Output
on displayed weight, this will be Gross or Net weight. In the event of an
error mesage being displayed by the GS3100, the analog output will be 11 - Voltage Output (ground)
driven to fullscale (20mA or 10VDC) on Overweight/+Offscale and
9 + Current Output
driven to zero (4mA or 0VDC) on -Offscale.
The table to the right shows the connections on the Options 25 pin D
7 - Current Output (ground)
female connector. A mating male cable connector is supplied with each
option. To minimize noise use a shielded cable with the shield grounded only at the GS3100 end by crimping it
between the metal backshells of the cable connector & connecting to Pin 1 Frame.
Specification
Range:Analog Output:Adjustment Range:Accuracy/Resolution:
External Load:-
-4% to +104% Full Scale.

4mA to 20mA Active Source.
and 0VDC to 10VDC.
(both transmitted at all times)
+/-3% on Zero and Span.
14bit (1:16,000)
1kOhm minimum V out.
700ohm Maximum I out.
Option6HPF SPAN and ZERO

Potentiometers.
Ribbon cable connecting J1 Option6HPF to J3 GS3100

Motherboard. The cable must not be twisted.
Fig 1 View of Option6HPF Installed in GS3100

page 14

3.6 Installing an optional serial card into the GS3100 & Setting its Baud Rate.
The GS3100 includes, as standard, an RS-232C non-isolated serial output of 4800 or 9600 baud. If, instead, an
isolated serial output is required, or if RS-422 or 20mA current loop is needed for long cable runs, then the
GS3100 can be fitted with an optional serial output card. Alternatively, if the full power of the GS3100 is to be
obtained, the GS3100 can be fitted with a serial input/output card. All of these optional cards are described in
full in the serial option sections of this manual. This section only includes details for the physical installation of
option cards and for setting their baud rate and, where applicable, their output selection. For further details
concerning serial output options, refer to the section SERIAL OUTPUT OPTIONS from page 31 of this
manual, and for SERIAL INPUT/OUTPUT OPTIONS from page 33. To physically install a serial option
card proceed as below:n Remove power from the GS3100. Remove the top cover. Remove the 25 pin option connector blanking plate
from the GS3100's rear panel.

n Install the ribbon cable supplied with the serial card into the seven pin socket J3 located at the front left on
the GS3100 motherboard, ensuring that the coloured conductor on the edge of the ribbon cable is to the front
of the GS3100 when viewed from the front (this conductor connects to pin 1 of J3). The connector J3 is keyed
but take care not to offset the pins. Also, do not confuse this connector with the six pin connector J4 near the
middle of the motherboard.
n Install the option board with the component side uppermost by screwing it to the GS3100's rear panel using
the jack screws and washers provided. The star washers must be used under the jack screws.
n Connect the ribbon cable connector to the J1 socket on the option board making sure the coloured conductor
on the edge of the ribbon cable is to the right of the GS3100 when viewed from the front (this conductor
connects to pin 1 of J1 on the serial card). The connector J1 is keyed but take care not to offset the pins.
n Refer to the baud rate selection table and select the baud
rate required using the switches SW1(1) to SW1(3) on

the serial option board (the photograph over page shows
a typical baud rate switch SW1).
If using Option 07 or Option 08 set switch SW1(4) to
select the required output. For serial I/O cards, the baud
rate selected applies to both serial input to the GS3100
and serial output from the GS3100. The maximum
recommended baud rate for normal serial I/O with the
standard GS3100 is 4800baud. If the Optional
MODBUS3100 feature is fitted, Serial I/O up to
19.2kBaud can be selected in both MODBUS ASCII
and MODBUS RTU formats. IF USING MODBUS I/O
YOU MUST SELECT THE SAME BAUD RATE
SETTING IN DIGITAL SETUP AS YOU SET WITH
SW1. See baud rate setting on page 22.
n Option cards 202, 207, 07 and 08 can be used either in
an isolated mode or a non-isolated mode. The isolated

mode requires the use of an external customer supplied
9VDC 100mA plug-pak power supply. The
non-isolated mode uses the GS3100's internal power
supply. If any of these cards are used, locate the links
LK1 on the serial card and place them in the required
position. See the photograph on the following page for
the typical appearance of these links.
Baud Rate Selection Table for ALL Gedge

Systems Serial Option Cards.
SW1(1) to (4) on the serial
card.
Baud Rate
600
off
off
off
1200
on
off
off
2400
off
on
off
4800
on
on
off
9600
off
off
on
19200
on
off
on
not used
off
on
on
not used
on
on
on
Option 07 20mA CLoop Serial Input.
off
Option 07 RS-232C Serial Input.
on
Option 08 RS-422A Serial Input/Output
off
Option 08 RS-485 Multi-Point Serial I/O
on
n Remove the GS3100's baud rate link LK2 situated at the front left of the GS3100's motherboard. Failure to
remove this link will not damage the GS3100, however, serial communication will be impossible if it is left in
place. See over page for the location of the link.
n Replace the GS3100 top cover to complete the installation.
page 15

3.7 Selecting Isolated or Non-Isolated Operation of Serial Option Cards 202, 207, 07 & 08.
Serial option cards 202, 207, 07 and 08 can be used in a non-isolated mode, operating from the GS3100's
internal power supply, or, in an isolated mode, using an external 9VDC 100mA plug-pak style of power
supply provided by the customer. Isolated operation provides the best interference immunity. Among other
things, it will, when properly applied, prevent a failure in the remote Computer/PLC from interfering with the
GS3100's operation and from damaging it.
The photographs of Option 08 shows the configuration and location of the
links LK1" which are positioned to set isolated" or non-isolated operation.
While the position of the links among the different option cards differs, the
identity LK1", configuration and marking remain the same.
Use the links to bridge pins 1 & 2 for

non-isolated operation and to bridge pins 2
& 3 for isolated operation.
To be certain of setting the links in the
correct position, refer to the details
concerning optical isolation on page 32
and on page 33 of this manual.
Fig 2 Option 207 Card showing SW1 and LK1

SW1 baud rate and output
selector switch.
3.8 Setting the baud rate for the GS3100's standard RS-232C serial output.
If the GS3100's standard serial output is to be used, rather than an optional serial card, the baud rate must be
selected from the two choices available.
The GS3100's standard RS-232C serial output transmits at either 4800baud or
9600baud. The transmission rate is set by the position of a link, LK2, situated at
the front of the GS3100's motherboard. The circuit board is printed with the baud
rate selections. Place the link in the required position to select the baud rate suited
to your application.
The photograph shows a section of the front of the

GS3100s motherboard.
Place the link over the center and left pin for 9600baud
and the center and right pin for 4800baud. ( left and right
refer to the picture shown)
NOTE:- If an optional serial output card or serial I/O
card is installed THIS LINK MUST BE REMOVED.
Fig 3 Baud Rate Link

LK2
page 16

3.9 Connecting Load Cells.
Load cells are connected to the GS3100 via a rear mounted 9
pin D male connector. A mating female cable connector is
provided. A high quality load cell cable with a braided shield
having twisted conductors must be used in order to minimize
interference. All cable extensions, including junction boxes,
must provide shield continuity. The table and connector drawing
below shows the load cell connections.
GS3100s LOAD CELL

CONNECTOR.
Pin
No.
The shield MUST be connected to the back shell by crimping it

between the two shells, ensuring there is no gap between the
shells, AND it MUST also be connected to pin 6 or 9 of the
load cell connector.
3
4
Negative Excitation. (-Exc.)
8
Fig 4 Load cell connector, 9 pin female, cable side.
WARNING. If the load cells are powered by the user's
excitation supply rather than the GS3100's supply the following
apply:-
Connection
Positive Excitation. (+ Exc.)
2
1
6 and 9
1. The GS3100's time and temperature stability specification and

noise specification are not guaranteed because they are affected
by the time and temperature stability and noise of the user's excitation supply.
Positive Sense.
This connection MUST be
made. If SIX wires are not
used then jumper this pin to
pin 3 positive excitation.
Negative Sense.
This connection MUST be
made. If SIX wires are not
used then jumper this pin to
pin 4 negative excitation.
Positive load cell Signal.
(+ Sig.)
Negative load cell Signal.
(-Sig.)
GS3100 Frame.
(Cable Shield)
2. The user's excitation supply must be isolated from ground and therefore fully floating. If this is not the case
then noise due to ground loops may occur. Even if the user's excitation supply is floating, the additional
distributed wiring and circuitry may introduce noise and it will be the user's responsibility to eliminate this.
3. The user must decide whether to use the GS3100's excitation ratio sense or not. If the sense is not used, the
installation will be sensitive to variations in the excitation supply across the load cell. These are caused by
changes in the resistance of the load cell cables and by time and temperature changes in the excitation supply.
The remote sense can be disabled by placing shorts at the GS3100's load cell connector. Short pins 3-5 and 4-8.
If remote excitation sense is used, the following apply:a. The sense wires must be connected to pins 5 and 8 as identified in the load cell connector table above.
b. The sense voltage level at the GS3100 must be 10VDC at calibration. Variations after calibration of
+0.2VDC to -2VDC is permitted and will result in automatic compensation of the load cell input.
c. Great care must be taken to ensure that the sense input to the GS3100 is an accurate reflection of the actual
excitation across the load cells. If it varies in any way where such variation is not an exact reflection of the
excitation across the load cells, then the automatically compensated load cell input will be in error.
COMMENT. High power radio transmitters in factories and vehicles is making the use of proper load cell
installation techniques MUCH more important than it has been in the past. Failure to strictly follow the
installation techniques provided in this manual for the load cell and any options WILL render the installation
unacceptably sensitive to interference and will void the warranty.
Before connecting the load cell ensure that the jack screws at the load cell connector on the rear of the
indicator have star washers beneath them and that they are screwed up tight. Also ensure that the entire load cell
cable has shield continuity and that a high quality BRAIDED shield is used. Also ensure that the shield is NOT
grounded at the load cell end, although, in some situations a ground at the load cell end has been found to
diminish interference. Do not proceed with the installation until the load cells have been properly wired and
installed.
page 17

3.10 Connecting to the Mains Supply.
The GS3100 may be connected to the local power supply directly, or through an isolation switch, but always in
compliance with the local electricity authority's codes of practice. In any event, the means must be made
available to remove power from the GS3100 during service or any activity involving access to the interior of the
GS3100.
Apply power to the GS3100. Check that the GS3100 displays the sequence of messages described in the
Applying Power section of this manual. If there are any persistent error messages refer to the section
Messages and their meaning and follow the advice given. Installation cannot proceed until the cause of all
persistent error messages has been dealt with.
3.11 Calibration and Setup keys - Access and Use.

3.11.1 General.
To prevent unauthorized interference with the GS3100's weight calibration and settings, they can only be
accessed by strictly following the key and display sequence shown in the figure below.
To further enhance the GS3100's security, every failed attempt to access the settings, as well as every successful
attempt, is recorded. The number of attempts is displayed when power is applied. This information can also be
sent to a computer using the GS3100's optional serial I/O.
When you have finalized all of the settings, and calibrated the GS3100, you should display and note the number
of failed and successful access attempts. If problems occur in the future, this information will be useful to
determine the reason for any changed settings.
3.11.2 Use of keys and access to the settings.
To access the GS3100's calibration procedures and
settings:Hold the ENTER key down and press the 6 key.
'YES' will be displayed.
Release both keys.
You must then press the 3 key within 2 seconds and
'[]' will then be displayed.
You now have up to 2 seconds to press the 9 key to
display the 'CAL' message.
When 'CAL' is displayed you have successfully
accessed the calibration and programming section of
the GS3100 and you now have up to 15 seconds to
select the operation you require.
Select Digital Setup; Cal Zero; Cal Span; Device
Number entry or Serial Diagnostics. Once you have
made this selection there is no time limit on making
your changes - make the changes you need while
taking as long as you require to do it.
Fig 5 Key sequence for calibration access.
page 18

3.11.3 Use of the GS3100's keys for calibration and programming.
The GS3100's keys which are used for calibration and programming are shown in the drawing below. They
contain a letter or letters at the lower left to identify their use.
When PRINT is keyed with CAL

displayed the GS3100 display shows the
serial diagnostics screen.
END CAL is used to exit the set up and

calibration procedures. Its use is described in
each of the procedures in the following
sections of this manual.
INCREASE, DECREASE and
SELECT D I G I T a r e u s e d
whenever a displayed value or
setting is to be changed.
When ZERO is keyed

while CAL is
displayed the GS3100
immediately carries out
a dead load calibration.
When SPAN is keyed while

CAL is displayed the
GS3100
immediately
commences the span calibration
procedure by displaying the full
scale capacity of the indicator.
You can quit by keying END
CAL or continue as described
further on in this manual.
When DIGITAL SETUP is keyed with

CAL displayed the GS3100 enters the
digital setup routine and displays the first
setting.
page 19

3.12 Digital Setup - Programming the GS3100.
The Digital Setup selections tell the GS3100 how to operate. They should be programmed before weight
calibration. The table below only identifies the settings and includes a recommendation for each. However, the
values for the weight calibration related settings of display divisions, decimal point and count by will
depend solely on the weight to be displayed. For an explanation of the settings and the range of values that can
be selected see the following pages.
Table of Digital Setup Settings & Suggested Settings

Settings.
Comments
d 3000
dP 0.0
Cb 1
UP 20
S 9d
Otr OFF
FL. non
St gg
Display divisions - select the required number for the weight to be displayed.
Decimal places - select the required number for the weight to be displayed.
Count by - select the required number for the weight to be displayed.
Update rate in updates per second.
Standstill (not in motion) condition in display division changes per second.
Zero track rate for automatic zero maintenance in display division changes per second.
Front panel keyboard function lock. Used to disable front panel keys.
Set point test setting. Select gross or net as the weight to be used to operate the set points.
This setting uses the gross weight for both set points.
OC oo
THIS SETTING APPLIES ONLY TO GS3100s fitted with software version 6 or earlier.
Output condition when the set points are tripped. This setting has both set point outputs ON for weight below the set point,
going OFF as the weight rises above the set point.
Out.C1
br. 19.2
SC7b E
Str c1
Un 02
bd 06
bE 02
The type of serial output required or Analog Output. Select printer (P), or continuous (C)
data streams or, if an optional serial I/O card is used, select serial I/O (io1). If the Optional
MODBUS3100" is installed, MODBUS RTU or MODBUS ASCII format can be selected.
MODBUS baud rate. Only displayed if the previous selection is MODBUS RTU or ASCII.
The baud rate switches on the serial I/O card Option08 or Option07 MUST be set to the
value selected for this setup setting. The settings below do not apply to MODBUS serial I/O
and will not be displayed if a MODBUS selection is made.
NEW-THIS SETTING APPLIES TO GS3100s fitted with software version 7 & higher.
Serial Comms word composition. Either 7bit Even parity or 8bit No parity.
Stream data selection only required when the GS3100 is used in serial I/O mode.
Printed units of measure (kg, t etc). Only required for printer outputs.
Block division character inserted between sections of the serial output data string.
Beginning and end character sent at the beginning of a data transmission and at the end.
3.12.1 Accessing Digital Setup.

Digital setup selections are programmed by first accessing the CAL display and then keying DS for Digital
setup. Once the settings are displayed the INCREASE, DECREASE and SELECT DIGIT keys can be used to
change the settings, the DIGITAL SETUP key to advance to the next setting and the END CAL key to save the
settings and return the GS3100 to the normal weighing mode.
3.12.2 Digital Setup Settings.
The tables on the following pages list each of the digital setup settings together with symbol examples of the
settings. The settings are listed in the order in which they are displayed by the GS3100 as the Digital Setup
key {which is key 8} is operated.
page 20

3.12.2.1 Resolution in display divisions.
d 3000
Display resolution in display divisions. The displayed capacity of a weighing installation, without taking the
decimal place into account, is the resolution setting multiplied by the Count By setting.
Resolution is adjustable 400 to 10000 divisions in 100 division steps. The maximum resolution that can be
selected is limited depending upon the count by setting.
Count by
Maximum d
1 to 10
10000
20
9500
50
3900
3.12.2.2 Decimal Places.
Display decimal places. Adjustable None to 0.0000
dP0.0000
3.12.2.3 Count By.

Cb 5
The weight display increment regardless of the decimal place. Adjustable 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 & 50
The maximum Count By setting that can be selected is limited by the selected display resolution setting.
Resolution
Count by max.
400 to 10000
10
400 to 9500
20
400 to 3900
50
3.12.2.4 Update Rate.
UP 20
Weight update rate in updates per second. This is achieved by averaging the A/D converter update rate of
20/second. Slower rates will tend to average out unsteady weight installations. This setting also sets the rate at
which new weight data strings will be sent via the GS3100's serial output in stream mode.
Adjustable 20/second, 10/second, 5/second and 2.5/second.
3.12.2.5 Standstill {not in motion}.
S 3d
The scale is in motion if the change in the gross weight exceeds the standstill setting over the 1 second motion
period. Upon the GS3100 detecting a motion condition, an internal motion flag is set. The motion flag, once set,
is not cleared until the motion period has again expired with no motion having been detected. Printing,
acquisition of tare and zero are all prevented while the scale is in motion. Adjustable 1d, 3d and 9d.
3.12.2.6 Zero Track.
0tr 1d
Number of scale divisions about gross ZERO in which automatic zero maintenance occurs provided that the
input is not in motion. Adjustable Off, 1d, 3d and 9d.{LIMITED TO AN ACCUMULATED MAX. OF 2% OF
CAPACITY.}
3.12.2.7 Function Lock.
FL. non
This setting allows certain front panel keyboard and serial I/O functions to be locked out. If a function is locked
out, the GS3100 displays the message 'Locd F' for one second following operation of the locked out key OR
following receipt of the locked out serial command. This one second display does not interrupt the GS3100's
normal weighing and serial I/O activities, which carry on un-interrupted in the background. For batch operational
reasons, some lock functions apply to both front panel keys AND serial I/O operations, others apply only to
front panel keys - the table below identifies which. The PRINT and ID# entry keys are not affected by these
settings as their operation at all times is required.
Setting
Functions Locked Out.
Locked Out
FL. non none
FL.tArE TARE and G/N
Keys & Serial I/O
FL. -0ZERO
Keys & Serial I/O
FL. S
SET POINT (view and entry). Keys only.
FL. S.t SET POINT, TARE and G/N
Same as above.
FL.S.-0- SET POINT and ZERO
Same as above.
FL.t.-0- TARE and G/N and ZERO
Same as above.
FL. ALL All the above functions.
Same as above.
page 21

3.12.2.8 Set point Test.
St 01
The 2 set point outputs are driven on the result of a comparison between the set point setting and the selected
gross or net weight. Each set point can be set to monitor a different weight; for example, set point 1 could
monitor the gross weight while set point 2 monitored the net weight.
Weight monitored by Set point 2 & 1.
Setting
Set point 2
Set point 1
St gg
gross
gross
St gn
gross
net
St nn
net
net
St ng
net
gross
3.12.2.9 Open/Closed.
OC 01
GS3100 software version note:- This open/closed setting is only displayed on GS3100s fitted with software
version 6 or earlier manufactured prior to February 2001. Later improved versions 7 and higher are shipped
with this setting already selected for outputs OPEN (off) when the weight is below or equal to the setpoint
setting and CLOSED (on) when the weight is greater than the setpoint setting - this simplifies the setup of the
GS3100
The set point outputs are open circuit (off) during power failure, and are made open circuit (off) on display of
an error message, or during weight calibration. The open (off) condition should be used as an alarm condition.
The state of each of the 2 set point outputs may be individually set as open/closed or closed/open for weight
below/above the set point. The table below shows the output state when the weight is below the set point setting.
The output changes state as the weight equals then exceeds the set point setting.
State of set point outputs
when the weight is BELOW
the set point setting.
Setting
Set point 2
Set point 1
OC cc
closed
closed
OC co
closed
open
OC oo
open
open
OC oc
open
closed
3.12.2.10 Output.
out. C1
Selects Analog Output or the Serial output format for the standard RS-232C serial output. This format also
applies to any optional serial output card installed in the GS3100. The serial I/O selection applies to an optional
serial I/O card, if fitted. A full and detailed description of the serial output strings is given on page 29 of this
manual. MODBUS selections only available if the GS3100 is fitted with the factory installed MODBUS3100"
Option. NOTE:- Serial Output Not Transmitted if ANALOG OUTPUT is Selected.
Setting Description
Out.An
Analog Output (Available on GS3100 version 8A or higher. Requires Option6HPF)
Out.P1
Printer output. Displayed weight, Gross or Net is sent following a PRINT key.
Out.P2
Printer output. Gross, Tare and Net weight are sent following a PRINT key.
Out.C1
Stream output. Displayed weight of Gross or Net is sent at the end of each display update.
Out.C2
Stream output. Displayed weight of Gross or Net plus weight status information.
Out.C3
Stream output. Gross, Tare and Net weight including weight status information.
Out.C4
Stream output. Displayed weight of Gross or Net plus weight status and set point status.
Out.C5
Stream output. Gross, Tare and Net plus weight status and set point status.
Out.C6
Stream output. Gross, Tare and Net plus weight & set point status and set point settings.
Out.io1
Serial input and output. Requires optional serial I/O card Option08 or Option07.
Out.ASCII MODBUS Serial I/O ASCII Mode. Requires MODBUS3100" Option & Option07 or Option08
Out.rtu
MODBUS Serial I/O RTU Mode. Requires MODBUS3100" Option & Option07 or Option08
NOTE:- If ANALOG Output is selected, the following settings do not apply and are not displayed.
3.12.2.11 MODBUS baud rate.
br. 19.2
This setting is displayed when MODBUS RTU or ASCII is selected for the previous setting. The selection made
here MUST be the same as the baud rate set using the switches SW1 on the Option07 or Option08 serial I/O
card. Selections are 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600 and 19.2k baud.
NOTE:- If MODBUS is selected, the settings on the next page do not apply and are not displayed.
page 22

GS3100 software version note:- The Serial Comms setting below is only displayed on GS3100s fitted with
software version 7 or higher manufactured February 2001 or later. Earlier versions of the GS3100 always
communicated with a word comprising 7 data bits and 1 even parity bit.
3.12.2.12 Serial Comms - Word Composition.
SC7b E
The word composition of the GS3100s Serial Output and Serial Input/Output can be set to either SC7b E
which provides 1 start bit 7 data bits 1 even parity bit and 1 stop bit OR to SC8bit which provides 1 start bit 8
data bits and 1 stop bit, this format being suited to many PLCs.
3.12.2.13 Stream Output.
Str c6
When the GS3100 is fitted with an optional serial I/O card it can be placed in the stream data mode during
serial Input and Output operation. This stream of data can be turned-on and turned-off by a remote computer or
PLC by sending the GS3100 serial commands as shown on page 43 of this manual. This stream output setting
displayed as Str c1 to Str c6 selects the composition of the serial data stream. The serial data stream selected
with Str c1 to Str c6 is exactly the same as out.C1 to out.C6 shown on page 29 of this manual.
3.12.2.14 Units.
Units of measure for the serial printer output selections P1 or P2.
Setting
Un 01
Un 02
Un 03
Un 04
Un 05
Units
kg
g
t
lb
oz
Setting
Un 06
Un 07
Un 08
Un 09
Un 0A
Un 01
Units
lb t
oz t
N
kN
none
3.12.2.15 Block Division Character.

bd 01
Block division character for all serial outputs except serial I/O. These characters are generally not printable, as
they are used by computers and printers for control purposes. However, included in the range of selections is a
number of printable characters which are sometimes useful when the data is displayed on a computer monitor.
The ASCII characters are identified denoted by ( ).
Character Sent in by the GS3100 to
to separate sub-strings.
Setting
Character
Hex Value
bd01
CR
$0D
bd02
CR LF
$0D $0A
bd03
CR LF LF
$0D $0A $0A
bd04
(,)
$2C
bd05
(*)
$2A
bd06
nothing
bd07
(space)
$20
3.12.2.16 Beginning and End Character.
bE 01
Characters transmitted at the beginning and end of a serial output transmission for all serial outputs including
transmissions during serial I/O. ASCII Characters are identified by ( ).
Characters sent at the beginning and end of the GS3100's serial output string.
Beginning
Ending
Setting
Character
Hex Value
Character
Hex Value
bE01
nothing
CR
$0D
bE02
nothing
CR LF
$0D $0A
bE03
nothing
CR LF LF
$0D $0A $0A
bE04
STX
$02
CR
$0D
bE05
STX
$02
CR LF
$0D $0A
bE06
STX
$02
ETX
$03
bE07
(B)
$42
(E)
$45
bE08
nothing
(,)
$2C
bE09
([)
$5B
(])
$5D
page 23

3.13 Device Number - its description and instructions for setting it.
If you are not using the GS3100's serial output, or serial input and output, you can ignore the device number.
The device number allows you to give the GS3100 a unique identity on its printed records, and, in serial I/O
applications, allows the GS3100 to be addressed individually where many GS3100s may all be on the same
RS-485 multi-point serial bus. You MUST set the device number in the range 01 to 99 if you are using the
GS3100 in a standard serial I/O application or a MODBUS application where the device number is the SLAVE
number (The MODBUS broadcast SLAVE number 00 is not supported and should not be selected). If you are
printing records with the GS3100, you can set the device number to 01 to 98 if you want that number printed, to
00 if you don't want any number printed and to 99 if you want a five digit rolling print counter printed instead of
the device number. The counter goes from 00001 to 655325 then rolls over to 00001 again.
To set the Device Number, access the CAL display and key D (DECREASE) to display the device number.
Use the INCREASE, DECREASE and SELECT DIGIT keys to set the number. Key END CAL to save the
number.
3.14 Weight Units Labels

The GS3100 front panel is printed with the units kg. A kit of self adhesive labels is supplied for lb, g, N, kN,
oz, oz t, lb t, t and a blank label. Select and apply the appropriate units label.
page 24

3.15 Weight Calibration
3.15.1 General
Regardless of the display resolution selected in digital setup, the GS3100 uses its maximum internal resolution of
48000 counts during zero and span calibration. Weight calibration involves zeroing out the dead load offset of
the weighing installation and spanning the GS3100 display for the desired weight. Complete digital setup and
allow the indicator to warm up for 30 minutes with its top cover in place. Turn zero track off before proceeding
with weight calibration of the GS3100.
WARNING - EITHER DISCONNECT OR OTHERWISE MAKE SAFE ALL EXTERNAL DEVICES
CONTROLLED BY THE GS3100's SET POINT OUTPUTS.
3.15.2 Zero Out The Dead Load Offset

1)
Remove all live loads from the weighing system.
2) Access the CAL display (see page18) and then operate the ZERO key. The GS3100 automatically
zeros out all dead load offsets. Following this operation, which takes 5 seconds, the GS3100 will return to
its normal weighing mode with a gross display of zero. If the required adjustment was outside the GS3100's
range a message is displayed for 5 seconds. In this event the weighing installation should be reviewed.
Messages are :C HI or OFF Load cell input is positive and above the dead load offset adjustment range.
C LO or -OFF Load cell input is negative and below the dead load offset adjustment range.
Do not continue with weight calibration until ZERO has been obtained.
3.15.3 Span Calibration.
Span calibration involves one pass using an accurately known weight. Zero calibration MUST be conducted
immediately prior to span calibration and the normal weight operation key ZERO must not be used to zero the
display prior to span calibration. Operation of the key ZERO rather than the procedure CAL ZERO will cause
zero/span interactivity on span calibration.
The GS3100 exhibits absolutely no interactivity between span and zero. Any failure to return to zero
following span calibration is solely the result of hysteresis or non repeatability in the weighing installation.
1) Place a calibration weight of 50% to 100% of capacity on the scale. The GS3100 will calibrate an
installation using weights as small as 5% of capacity but this is not recommended.
2) Access the CAL display and then operate the SPAN key. The maximum capacity is displayed for
5 seconds. At this point, span calibration may be stopped by keying End Cal. To continue, when 00000 is
displayed, use SD, I and D to enter the required calibrated weight. If a minus sign appears following
operation of the SPAN key the calibration weight may not be on the scale.
3) Operate the SPAN key. The GS3100 now automatically adjusts the display to show the required
calibration weight. This process, which takes 5 seconds will end with the GS3100 resuming normal
weighing and a gross display of the calibration weight. If the required adjustment was outside the GS3100's
range a message is displayed for 5 seconds. In this event the weighing installation should be reviewed.
Messages are :C HI or OFF The load cell input is too high to be spanned to the required weight.
C LO
The load cell input is too low to be spanned to the required weight.
4) Remove the weight from the scale and check the zero return. Calibration is completed.
Check the installation if the display does not return to zero when the weight is removed.
page 25

3.16 Connecting the Standard RS-232C Serial Output & the Set Point Control Outputs.
External connections to the GS3100's standard RS-232C serial output and the set point control outputs are made
via a rear mounted 9 pin D female connector. A mating male cable connector is provided. The connections are
shown in the table below.
GS3100's CONTROL OUTPUT & RS-232C OUTPUT CONNECTOR.

Pin
No.
Description
Comments.
Frame (shield)
RS-232C Serial data sent by

the GS3100.
RS-232C Signal Ground.
User's power supply

ground.
# Output for Set Point 1.
# Output for set Point 2.
Control & Serial cable shield. Only connect the shield at the
GS3100 end of the cables. Do not ground the other end.
4800baud or 9600baud serial output for short distance (10m)
connection to a PLC/Computer.
Baud rate is selected via a link, LK2, situated at the front on the
GS3100's motherboard.
Direct connection to the user's 5VDC to 45VDC power supply
ground.
These outputs are each connected to the active side of the user's
5VDC to 45VDC power supply through the device (lamp, relay,
solenoid) that they are to drive. They are ON when sinking current
to the power supply ground and OFF when open circuit.
# The operation of these outputs depends upon the way the GS3100 is programmed during installation. See
Digital Setup Set Point Test on page 22 for further details.
NOTE:- Careful spike suppression and noise suppression on the control lines will be required to prevent
interference with the serial output. Keep the length of unshielded cable within the metal back shell to the
absolute minimum. For advice on spike suppression refer to page 28.
Fig 6 Serial & Control connector, 9 pin male, cable

side view.
page 26

3.17 Electrical Specification of the GS3100's Set Point Non-Latching Outputs.
The GS3100's two optically isolated outputs are open collector solid state devices capable of sinking a maximum
of 0.5Amp at 5VDC to 45VDC. The outputs are suitable for connection to the user's logic or control supply for
TTL/CMOS devices such as Opto-22 solid state relays, Opto couplers, solenoid operated relays and control
solenoids. The current limit is 0.5Amp. Reverse bias diode protection must be used across solenoid coils.
The GS3100's outputs are ON when the GS3100's internal controls are sinking current to the users's supply
ground terminal 6 through the user's output devices connected to terminals 7 and 8. The GS3100's outputs are
OFF when the GS3100's internal controls are open circuit.
The GS3100 drives the setpoint outputs OFF (OPEN) when the weight is below or equal to the setpoint setting
and ON (CLOSED) when the weight is greater than the setpoint setting.
The GS3100 does not change the state of its setpoint outputs while a new setpoint value is being entered but it
does change the state of its setpoint outputs (if required by the setpoint setting and the weight) as soon as the
new setpoint value is accepted.
The setpoint outputs are driven OFF during all calibration and setup procedures. This should be taken into
account when making safe during calibration and setup all devices driven by the GS3100.
The user's external power supply ground is to be connected to the GS3100's common output ground terminal 6.
The power supply 5VDC to 45VDC high is connected to each of the GS3100's output terminals 7 and 8 through
the user's device.
Fig 7 Control Output Example, Set Point 1.

Non-Latching & Device Chatter Note:The GS3100's control outputs are non-latching. In addition, they act without hysteresis. This enables them to
have a fast response and allows a set point of zero. This fact needs to be taken into account if the control outputs
are to drive elctro-mechanical devices like solenoids or relays, as measures will need to be taken to prevent
chatter.
page 27

3.18 Spike and Transient Suppression of Switched Load Noise.
When the GS3100's outputs are used to switch loads which are not purely resistive, including relay and solenoid
coils, an external snubber circuit must be used. Failure to use a suitable snubber circuit will adversely affect the
operation of the GS3100. The drawing below shows two types of snubber circuits - a Resistor/Capacitor
arrangement and a reverse biased Diode. In both cases, the snubber components must be fitted as close to the
solenoid (inductive load) as possible in order to be effective. Of the two circuits, the RC network will generally
provide the best result.
Fig 8 Transient Suppression for Inductive Loads Driven by the GS3100s

Outputs.
page 28
4 STANDARD RS-232C SERIAL OUTPUT COMPOSITION

The tables below show each of the types of serial output string sent by the GS3100, either via its standard serial
output port, or via an optional serial output card. The Digital Setup settings referred to in the table are
programmed during installation of the GS3100. See pages 20, 22 and 23 of this manual for further details. The
first table shows the sub-strings sent by the GS3100. Each sub-string can contain several letters, numbers
and non-printable control codes. These are shown in the second table below.
Composition of the GS3100's serial output showing each sub-string.
Digital
Setup
output
selection
out.P1
out.P2
out.C1
out.C2
out.C3
out.C4
out.C5
out.C6
The numbers below are the order in which the GS3100 transmits the sub-strings.
1
beg
DNo bd1
ID#
bd2
Wd
Un
Typ
bd
end
beg
DNo bd1
ID#
bd2
Wg
Un
Typ
bd
Wt
Un
Typ
bd
stat
bd
end
beg
DNo bd1
Wd
bd
end
beg
DNo bd1
Wd
bd
stat
bd
end
beg
DNo bd1
Wg
bd
Wt
bd
Wn
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
bd
Wn
Un
Typ
beg
DNo bd1
ID#
bd2
Wd
bd
stat
bd
op
bd
end
beg
DNo bd1
ID#
bd2
Wg
bd
Wt
bd
Wn
bd
stat
bd
op
bd
end
beg
DNo bd1
ID#
bd2
Wg
bd
Wt
bd
Wn
bd
stat
bd
op
S1
bd
17
18
bd
end
S2
bd
19
20
end
Composition of each of the sub-strings shown in the above table.

Sub
string
Wd, Wg,
Wt, Wn
Sub-string composition. Characters shown are ASCII unless noted.

1
++
-
2
space
1
2
2
3
4
.
5
5
Displayed, gross, tare or net weight. Sign,

space and six digits OR sign, six digits and
1
decimal point. As shown in examples.
space
S1, S2
++
1
2
3
4
5
6
Set point 1 & 2 setting. Sign, space and six
digits OR sign, six digits and decimal point.
ID#
I
D
1
2
3
4
5
ID followed by 5 numerals. If ID# is 00000", it
& the following bd2 will be nothing. The ID
number that is printed is always the stored number.
The ID number transmitted in the stream modes C1
to C6 will either be the stored number, or, if it is
being changed, the number as it is being changed.
Additionally, the ID number is always transmitted
for C4 to C6 output, even if it is zero 00000".
GN
MS
IUO
Zspace Espace Pspace Weight status. Each character will be one of those shown.
stat
gross
motion inscale Z if
E if
P on
Example GN will be G or N for gross or net; Zspace
net
still
Under gross
tare
Print
Over
=zero <>zero key
will be Z or space for gross equals zero or not zero.
space k
Un
g
Space and example units of measure selected in Digital Setup. See page 23.
space G
Typ
Space & type of weight displayed (and printed). Will be G for gross or N for net.
op
OC OC State of the GS3100's set point control outputs. Will be either O or C for open
or closed circuit. Transmitted order is SP1 then SP2.
beg
The beginning characters (none to one) selected in Digital Setup Beginning and End see P23.
end
The ending characters (one to three) selected in Digital Setup Beginning and End. See P23.
bd
The block divide characters (none to three) selected in Digital Setup Block Division see page23.
bd1 & bd2 Block divisions bd1 & bd2 not sent if the data before them (Device No & ID#) is not transmitted.
DNo
The GS3100's device number. Depending on the way that the GS3100 was set up, this and its
following block division may be nothing, it may be two digits in the range 01" to 98" or it may
be a five digit rolling print counter 00001" to 65535". For details on see page 24.
3
4
6
6
page 29

4.1 Serial Data Word Composition and Serial Flow Control - XON/XOFF.
Each word of serial data transmitted by the GS3100 comprises 10 bits. Depending upon the word composition
selected in Digital Setup Serial Comms on page 23 of this manual, these 10 bits will comprise:For the 7 bit EVEN parity selection:- 1 start bit, 7 data bits (b0 to b6), 1 even parity bit (b7) and 1 stop bit
For the 8 bit NO parity selection:- 1 start bit, 8 data bits (b0 to b7) and 1 stop bit. {As the GS3100s
communications do not include control characters that use the full 8 bits, b7 is always stripped from incoming
data, ie set to zero, and is set to zero on all outgoing data.}
There are no flow control hand shake lines, but software flow control is available using XON/XOFF. This
requires the installation of an optional serial input/output card. XON is Control Q (^Q $11) and XOFF is Control
S (^S $13). In serial I/O, particularly RS-485 Multi-Point, this form of flow control should be used with care, as
ALL GS3100's on the same data bus will respond to it at the same time. Additionally, the GS3100 will not reply
to a serial I/O command after receiving an XOFF. This may cause confusion when replies do not occur. The
GS3100 buffers its replies while XOFF is active, sending them all in a stream as soon as it receives an XON this may also cause a problem. See page 33 for details on the range of optional serial I/O cards.
5 SERIAL INPUT DIAGNOSTICS

The GS3100 can receive serial commands from a remote computer when it is fitted with an optional serial I/O
card. If the GS3100 does not appear to be responding to serial commands, it is a good idea to first check the
Digital Setup settings on page 20, then the baud rate on page 7 , and finally, the wiring for the particular option
card. If all this appears correct, then access Serial Diagnostics to attempt to identify the problem. The GS3100 is
not receiving serial data unless the Received Data byte changes as different characters are sent. The GS3100 may
be receiving data, but unless it is displaying an n for normal, it will not be able to understand the characters.
To enter Serial Diagnostics access the CAL display as shown on page 18 then key PRINT. When finished key
END CAL.
Serial Input Control Register.
Each bit identifies:b3
b4
b6
b7
Fig 9 GS3100s Serial I/O Diagnostics Display.
RE Receiver Enabled. This

should be on.
REI Receiver Interrupt
Enabled.This should be on.
Overrun or Frame Error.
This must be off. If it is on,
the baud rate, parity or word
size may be wrong.
Receive data register full.
This should be on.
If off then no data has
been received.
Fig 10 Display Bits.
The
SEVEN
segment
equivalent of the ASCII
character sent to the GS3100 GS3100s interpretation of the
(with the parity bit ignored). incoming data.
Useful for checking messages
Normal data - all ok.
to be used in terminal mode. n
E1 RE not enabled.
Hardware fault.
Received Data Byte.
E2 REI not enabled.
This is the last word of 8 bits received by the
Hardware fault.
GS3100. This will depend on the serial comms E3 Overrun error.
setting shown on page 23. It will be either 7 data E4 Frame error.
bits b0 to b6 plus b7 which must have been set or E5 Parity error. Not tested
for 8 bit input.
cleared by the sender to produce EVEN parity OR
it will be 8 data bits b0 to b7 (and no parity bit).
Errors E3 to E5 do not have
conclusive causes as a variety
EVEN parity means there must be an even number of causes can result in any one
of bars illuminated including the decimal point. In of them. Likely causes are:Wrong baud rate.
the example above, which is the numeral 1, there
Wrong word size.
are four bars illuminated including the decimal.
Wrong parity.
page 30
6 SERIAL OUTPUT OPTIONS - RS-422A, 20mA, Optically Isolated RS-232C

6.1 Available Serial Output Options, What they do and Why they are selected.
The GS3100 includes on the motherboard, at no extra cost, an RS-232C non-isolated 4800/9600 baud serial
output. This is fully described in the preceding sections of the GS3100's manual. If an alternative transmission
standard is required, conforming to RS-422A, 20mA Current Loop or Optically Isolated RS-232C, then the
GS3100 can be fitted with a GS Serial Output Option Card selected from the list below.
To clear up a point that often leads to confusion. Fitting an option card whose electrical output conforms to
standards which include RS-422A and 20mA Current Loop, to mention but two - DOES NOT CHANGE THE
INFORMATION THAT THE GS3100 SENDS. It only changes the electrical specification of the transmission.
So, whichever of the serial output cards is fitted, the GS3100's serial output content will be EXACTLY the same
as that available via the standard RS-232C output. This output format is extensively described on page 29 of this
manual.
The choice of using the GS3100's standard no extra cost RS-232C output, or an added cost option card, will
come down to CERTAIN factors in the installation. If the serial transmission line is short, 3 metres or so, then
the standard RS-232C should be all that is required. If a high degree of electrical isolation is required between
the GS3100 and the Computer/PLC/Printer, then an optically isolated RS-232C Option202 may be selected.
If the GS3100 is to transmit its serial signal over a long distance, then RS-422A should be used instead of
RS-232C, due to RS-422A's higher drive and greater noise immunity. The 20mA Current Loop card may be
selected for similar reasons.
The remaining reason that may be found to justify the fitment of an option card is the greater range of baud
rates available on these cards. Whereas the GS3100's standard serial output is available at either 4800baud or
9600baud, the rates available on the alternative options cards are 600baud to 19,200baud.
As an interesting benefit - the GS3100 will continue to provide its RS-232C output after a serial output option
card is fitted. There will be two identically formatted outputs, both at the same baud rate, but at different signal
standards (eg RS-232C and RS-422A).
Available serial output cards are:Option
Option
Option
Option
Option
02
202
207
05
09
RS-232C Serial Output, single channel, non isolated.

RS-232C Serial Output, single channel, optically isolated.
RS-232C and 20mA Passive Current Loop Serial Output, dual channel, isolated.
20mA Active Current Loop Serial Output, single channel, non isolated.
RS-422A Serial Output, single channel, non isolated.
(If optical isolation is required, select Option 08 card described in the next section.)
Note:- The optically isolated cards Option 202 and 207 require a customer supplied 9VDC, 100mA plug-pak
external power supply to achieve isolation. They can, however, be operated in a non-isolated mode without the
need of this external power supply.
6.2 Physical Installation, Baud Rate Selection, Output Selection, Set up, Format & Isolation.
Physical installation, setting the baud rate, Digital Setup settings, output format selection and isolated or
non-isolated operation are all contained in the preceding sections of this manual, on the pages listed below:-
Physical installation on page 15.

Baud rate selection is on page 15.
Optical Isolation selection is on page 15 and 16. Settings are detailed on page 32.
Digital Setup including applicable settings which are on pages 20 and 23.
Format on page 29.
page 31

6.2.1 Optical Isolation, the Position of Links LK1 on the Option Card & the need for a 9VDC Supply.
When the Option cards 202 and 207 are used for Optically Isolated RS-232C operation, the use of an external
9VDC 100mA power supply is required. Also, the isolating links LK1 on the option card MUST be placed in
the ISOLATED position. See photograph on page 16. Option 207 includes a Passive 20mA Current Loop
output as well as an RS-232C output. If the 20mA Passive Current Loop output is to be used and the RS-232C
output is not used, then the situation of the links LK1 and an external supply is not as obvious as the above.
The 20mA Current Loop output is automatically isolated and requires no external 9VDC supply to achieve
isolation. In addition, though, it operates in an isolated mode. The links LK1" on the serial card MUST BE
PLACED IN THE NOT-ISOLATED POSITION. If, however, the 20mA CL AND the RS-232C outputs are to
be used simultaneously AND isolation is required, then an external 9VDC 100mA power supply is needed AND
the links LK1 must be placed in the ISOLATED position.
In summary, for non-isolated operation of either board, place the links LK1 in the NOT ISOLATED
position. For isolated operation see below:Option 202 Option 207 Option 207 -
Isolated operation - LK1 in ISOLATED position and 9VDC 100mA supply required.
Only the 20mA output is used - isolated operation - LK1 in NOT ISOLATED position and
no external supply required.
Both the 20mA and RS-232C outputs are used - isolated operation - LK1 in ISOLATED
position and 9VDC 100mA supply required.
6.3 Optional Serial Output Cards - Output and Power Supply Connections.
The table and figure below shows the connections required for serial output option cards 02/202/207/09 and 05.
Serial Output Options 02, 202, 207, 05 and 09 Twenty Five Pin Female Output Connector.
Pin
No.
Option 202
Isolated RS-232C
Option 207
Isolated RS-232C &
20mA Passive CL
Option 02
Non-Isolated
RS-232C
Option 05
Non-Isolated 20mA
Active CL
Option 09
Non-Isolated
RS-422A
Frame (Shield)
Frame (Shield)
Frame (Shield)
Frame (Shield)
Frame (Shield)
Serial Out
Serial Out
-Tx 20mA
Serial Return
- Signal
Serial Out
+9VDC 100mA
External Supply
9VDC Supply
Ground
Signal Ground
Serial Out
RS-232C
+9VDC 100mA
External Supply
9VDC Supply
Ground
Signal Ground
RS-232C
+Tx 20mA
Serial Source
-Tx 20mA
Serial Return
+Tx 20mA
Serial Source
+ Signal
Serial Out
Signal Ground
6
7
10
11
Signal Ground
Note :- To minimize interference to the GS3100, and by the GS3100, a braided shield cable MUST be used with
metal back shells for the connectors at each end of the cable. Connect the shield to the metal back shells by
crimping it between the two shells, ensuring that there is not an air gap between the shells. Also connect the
shield to pin 1 of the connector. The shield should only be connected to the metal back shells at the GS3100 end
of the cable. The cable should be marked to identify the end that is connected to the GS3100.
Fig 11 Serial cable connector, 25 pin male, cable side view.

page 32
7 SERIAL INPUT/OUTPUT OPTIONS - RS-232C, RS-422A, 20mA CL, RS-485

7.1 Available Serial Input/Output Options, What they do and Why they are selected.
A serial I/O card can be used when XON/XOFF control of a continuous data stream is required. However, the
GS3100's full power and flexibility are really only accessed by using the serial I/O card for true serial
input/output communication with the GS3100. It is in this area of serial I/O that the GS3100 really shines.
This is where its purpose build as a Computer/PLC front end can truly be seen. The wide range of serial I/O
features, contained in the GS Serial I/O Language of the GS3100, makes it possible to use the GS3100 as the
on-floor operator interface for the Computer control systems, whether the Computer is in the same plant as the
GS3100 or across the World. These features, together with full details of the GS Serial I/O Language, are
contained in the following sections of the manual. Regardless of which serial I/O card is used: RS-232C;
RS-422A; 20mA CL; RS-485, the actual operation of the GS3100 and the language used for communication
DOES NOT CHANGE. Only the electrical specification of the transmission changes, and, in the case of RS-485
Multi-Point, the number of conductors used (from 4 for normal serial I/O to 2 for RS-485 Multi-Point serial I/O).
The GS3100 must include Option07 or Option08 if it is fitted with the factory installed MODBUS3100"
Option which enables MODBUS RTU and MODBUS ASCII communication. The Option should be selected
with due regard for the length of the serial cable runs - Option08 being a good choice for long runs. Some of
the following paragraphs do not apply to the MODBUS use of Option07/08 and these have been identified.
Available serial input/output cards are:Option 07
RS-232C and 20mA Passive Current Loop Serial I/O, optically isolated.
Option 08
RS-422A Serial I/O and RS-485 Multi-Point Serial I/O, optically isolated.
Note:- All optically isolated cards require a customer supplied 9VDC, 100mA plug-pak external power supply
to achieve isolation. They can, however, be operated in a non-isolated mode using the GS3100 without the need
for an external power supply.
7.2 Physical Installation, Baud Rate Selection, Input/Output Selection, Set up & Isolation.
Physical installation, setting the baud rate, Digital Setup settings, input/output selection and isolated or
non-isolated operation are all contained in the preceding sections of this manual, on the pages listed below:-
Physical installation on page 15.

Baud rate selection is on page 15. For MODBUS I/O also set the Digital Setup baud rate setting.
Optical Isolation selection is on page 15 and 16. Settings are shown in the section below.
Digital Setup including applicable settings are on page 20 and 23. See MODBUS Option also.
Refer to page 29 and make a stream output selection if you intend to use data stream mode
while using serial I/O. Program this selection via Digital Setup on page 20.
If you are using serial a serial I/O card ONLY to use XON/XOFF control of its stream data
mode, you will need to select the output format. See page 29.
7.2.1 Isolation, the Position of Links LK1 on the Option Card & the need for a 9VDC Supply.
When the Option cards 07 and 08 are used for Optically Isolated RS-232C, RS-485 or RS-422 operation, the
use of an external 9VDC 100mA power supply is required. Also, the isolating links LK1 on the option card
MUST be placed in the ISOLATED position. See photograph on page 16. Option 07 includes a Passive 20mA
Current Loop I/O which can be selected for use instead of the RS-232C I/O. If the 20mA Passive Current Loop
output is to be used then the situation of the links LK1 and an external supply is not as obvious as the above.
The 20mA Current Loop is automatically isolated and requires no external 9VDC supply to achieve insolation.
In addition, though, it operates in an isolated mode. The links LK1 on the serial card MUST BE PLACED
IN THE NOT-ISOLATED POSITION. In summary, for non-isolated operation of either board, place the links
LK1 in the NOT ISOLATED position. For isolated operation see below:Option 07 - Isolated RS-232C operation - LK1 in ISOLATED position & 9VDC 100mA supply required.
Option 07 - Isolated 20mA CL operation - LK1 in NOT ISOLATED position & no 9VDC supply required.
Option 08 - Isolated operation - LK1 in ISOLATED position & 9VDC 100mA supply required.
page 33

7.2.2 Maximum Baud Rate, Delay in Responding and Timing. (Not applicable to MODBUS)
Maximum Baud Rate. Do not use a rate greater than 4800 baud for applications which send data to the
GS3100. Transmission rates higher than this will not cause a problem for the GS3100. However, it may not
always capture the full message, and so, may appear to hang up from the Computer/PLC's point of view. If
higher than recommended baud rates are used, the serial I/O scheme in the Computer/PLC should include
provision for sending a Control C (^C) to the GS3100 if a reply is not received within 500milliseconds. This
will clear the GS3100's input buffer.
Delay in Response. At 4800 baud, a time period of approximately 100 milliseconds minimum will occur
between the beginning of a string sent to the GS3100 and the end of the reply string sent by the GS3100. This
is the time taken to transmit the string to the GS3100 and the time taken for the GS3100's response string to be
sent, plus the computation time for the string to be prepared.
Timing. The following timing issue is important if multiple copies of the same weight are to be avoided. It must
also be considered when checking to see if an Acquire Tare or Acquire Zero operation has been carried out.
The GS3100 stores the latest weight at the end of each display update cycle. This will occur at a rate of 20,
10 or 5 times per second depending on the way the GS3100 was set up. This is a period of 50, 100 or 200
milliseconds during which the latest weight remains the same. As the GS3100 services serial input all of the
time, without delay. Multiple requests for the current weight will receive this latest weight, which will remain
unchanged for 50, 100 or 200 milliseconds. This does not occur when the GS3100 is transmitting in stream
mode as it sends one weight sample only at the end of each display update cycle.
When the GS3100 is instructed to Acquire Tare, or Acquire Zero, it stores the request and carries it out
during the next display update cycle. The worst case situation at an update rate of 5 per seconds would result in
a delay of 200 milliseconds before the GS3100 attempted to carry out the instruction. If, prior to this, the
GS3100 was asked to transmit the weight, the value transmitted would be the value prior to carrying out the tare
or zero instructions.
Advice:- Obtain the GS3100's update rate and take it into account when making multiple requests for the
weight and when checking to see if an acquire tare or acquire zero has been carried out.
7.3 Device Number and Digital Setup Settings for serial I/O. (Not applicable to MODBUS.)
The GS3100's device number MUST BE SET in the range 01 to 99. You should note it down, because you will
need it to be able to talk to the GS3100 via serial input. Page 24 shows you how to enter a device number.
The table of Digital Setup settings below identifies those affecting serial I/O. Make your selections and program
them into the GS3100 referring to page 20 and to page 23 for the serial comms word composition setting.
Setup Settings Applicable to Serial I/O
Setting
Output
Example
out.io1
Comment
Select io1 for serial I/O or, if a serial I/O card is being used ONLY for XON/XOFF
flow control, refer to page 29 and make a format selection. This will include making
selections for the Units; Block Division" and Beginning & End settings.
The comments below refer ONLY to the way that the settings are used in serial I/O
Units
Block
Division
Beginning
& End
Un 01
bd 01
bE 01
bE 02
Stream
Output
Str c6
Not transmitted. Ignore this setting for all serial I/O.

Not transmitted within the serial I/O language. Ignore this setting unless you intend to
use Stream Output while using serial I/O (see below).
The serial I/O language does not care about this setting. Although a beginning and
ending character is transmitted as part of the GS3100's reply it has no meaning to the
GS3100. You should select beginning and ending characters to suit your application.
HINT:- Select bE01 if you are using a computer in terminal mode to experiment with
the serial I/O language. This setting sends a carriage return at the end of the string.
Alternatively, select bE02 which sends a line feed and carriage return.
If you intend to use Stream Output while using serial I/O, you will need to make a
selection to suit the stream format you have chosen (see below).
If you intend to turn-on and turn-off the GS3100's continuous data stream output
you should refer to the available formats on page 29 and make a selection to suit your
application.
page 34

7.4 Optional Serial Input/Output Cards - Input/Output and Power Supply Connections.
The table and figure below show the connections required for serial input/output option cards 07 and 08.
Serial Input/Output Options 07 and 08 Twenty Five Pin Female Output Connector.
Pin
No.
Option 07
RS-232C
RS-232C
Frame (Shield)
Serial In
Serial Out
+9VDC 100mA
External Supply
9VDC Supply
Ground
Signal Ground
6
7
20mA Passive CL
Frame (Shield)
Option 08
RS-485
RS-485 Multi-Point
Frame (Shield)
Frame (Shield)
-Signal
Serial In and Out
+9VDC 100mA
External Supply
+Signal
Serial In and Out
Signal Ground
-Signal
Serial Out
+9VDC 100mA
External Supply
+Signal
Serial Out
Signal Ground
9VDC Supply
Ground
9VDC Supply
Ground
-Signal
Serial In
9
+Tx 20mA
Serial Out
-Tx 20mA
Serial Out
+Rx 20mA
Serial In
-Rx 20mA
Serial In
10
11
12
13
RS-422
+Signal
Serial In
Note 1:- Option 07's 20mA current loop I/O is passive and isolated. It includes internal diode bridges so the
polarity of the connection at the option 07 end is immaterial.
Note 2:- To minimize interference to the GS3100, and by the GS3100, a braided shield cable MUST be used
with metal back shells for the connectors at each end of the cable. Connect the shield to the metal back shells by
crimping it between the two shells, ensuring that there is not an air gap between the shells. Also connect the
shield to pin 1 of the connector. The shield should only be connected to the metal back shells at the GS3100 end
of the cable. The cable should be marked to identify the end that is connected to the GS3100.
Fig 12 Serial cable connector, 25 pin male, cable side view.
page 35

7.5 GS3100's Serial I/O Language.
The following sections describe the language and procedures needed to communicate with the GS3100. In the
following the word computer is used to describe the device sending commands to the GS3100. This could be
any device, including PLCs. It does not have to be a computer-just as long as it can serially communicate with
the GS3100.
NOTE:- GS3100s fitted with the MODBUS3100" Option can still be used for normal serial I/O as described
in this section. None of this section applies, however, to their MODBUS I/O application. This is contained in
a section later in this manual.
7.5.1 Communications Flow Control.
The GS3100 does not have any hardware flow control lines for serial communication. It does have software flow
control for its serial output via the use of XON/XOFF control codes (Control S, ^S, $11 for XOFF and Control
Q, ^Q, $13 for XON). There are no flow controls sent by the GS3100 to devices from which it receives serial
commands.
In reality, flow controls, whether they be hardware or software, are not required for serial I/O communication
with the GS3100. The reason for this, is that the fundamental structure of the I/O language, when properly used,
has in-built flow control characteristics as follows:1. The commands sent to the GS3100 are short in length. The GS3100's input buffer has no problem in
storing these commands, providing the sender awaits a reply before sending another command. This wait
for a reply is, in itself, a method of software flow control.
2. The replies sent by the GS3100 are all short in length, relative to typical buffer sizes in Computers. As a
consequence, these replies need no flow control.
3. The one exception to the above point is the GS3100's stream output mode. The remote computer can
instruct the GS3100 to send weight data in a continuous stream, with one new data string being sent at the
end of each display update (up to 20 per second). As each string can easily comprise 50 characters, this
potential rate of 1000 characters per second may need some control. The GS3100 includes two forms of
control for this data stream, they are:- ONE by software XON/XOFF control sending flow control codes to
the GS3100 and TWO, by language control. Since the data stream can be turned off by sending the
GS3100 a particular command, the data stream flow can be consciously controlled using a sequence of
on and off COMMANDS.
7.5.2 Avoiding Multiple GS3100s on the same RS-485 Bus Talking at the same time.
None of the following issues relates to the use of the GS3100 when each has its own serial I/O line and serial
I/O port on the computer (eg SIX GS3100s would require six lines and six serial ports). However, the issues
may have some significance as far as the program within the computer is concerned.
A very efficient way of connecting multiple GS3100s to a computer is to use Option 08 RS-485 Multi-Point
serial I/O. This has the advantage of using one port only on the computer no matter how many GS3100s are
used, and of requiring only one cable run of three conductors to all of them. It does, however, require a slightly
stricter management of the communication with the GS3100s because it cannot tolerate them all trying to talk
at the same time. Much of the GS3100's serial I/O language structure has been designed to facilitate multiple
GS3100s on the same bus. Comments on this and other communications issues are:1. Except for a few very special cases, the GS3100 only speaks (transmits), when it is spoken to. Each
GS3100 can be given a unique identity - called a Device Number. The GS3100 only listens to commands
that start with its device number. So, if you are not talking to it, it does not listen or reply. Provided each
GS3100 is addressed in turn, and only the language features that require this question and answer routine
are used, and the reply is waited for before the next command, there can be no possibility of
communications clashes.
page 36

2. There are two very useful features in the GS3100's language that require careful management in
multi-point installations. They are terminal mode and stream mode.
In terminal mode, the GS3100 sends a key code to the computer whenever its front panel keyboard is
operated. Clearly the time during which this can occur when multiple GS3100s are involved would need to
be carefully managed to avoid several GS3100s sending codes at the same time. To assist, the GS3100 also
includes a terminal restricted mode function. When operated in this mode, the GS3100 will display the
messages sent to it by the computer, but will not send the key commands. Instead, it tells the operator that it
is in the restricted mode by displaying the message Locd.tr for Locked, terminal restricted mode.
In stream mode, the GS3100 sends a continuous stream of data. Clearly, only one GS3100 should be
placed in this mode at any one time.
3. There is one final command requiring consideration. To deal with the possibility that a remote computer
forgets the GS3100's device number, the language includes one command that does not use the device
number, but instead, forces the GS3100 to transmit its device number. This command cannot be used in a
multi-point application as all GS3100s hearing it will transmit their device number, at the same time!
7.5.3 Time Out and Clearing the Command Buffer.
The GS3100 listens to all serial activity on its serial input. It only starts to record data following receipt of the
beginning of a command addressed to it. This is [nn where [ is the command opening bracket and nn is
the GS3100's device number. Anything before this is ignored. Anything after this is saved to the GS3100's serial
input buffer. When a proper ending is received in the form ], the command string is interpreted and acted
upon. If the serial input buffer fills before a proper ending, all following data is ignored.
The GS3100 can appear to hang up, by not replying to commands, for two reasons. They are:1. The command sent to the GS3100 was not understood. It may have been lower case when upper case was
required, or it may simply have been wrong. In any event, if the GS3100 does not understand a command it
ignores it and does not reply.
2. The command sent to the GS3100 had no proper ending. The GS3100's reaction is to keep looking for an
ending and so, any new command beginning gets ignored.
3. If a higher than recommended baud rate is used, the GS3100 may experience frame or overrun errors at
its serial port. In this event it will be unable to understand the command and so will not reply.
None of the above causes an actual problem for the GS3100. If it does not understand the command, it just
ignores it. It may, however, create a problem for the computer. Here is how it is dealt with:A. The GS3100 automatically flushes its serial input buffer after 64 seconds of inactivity. This fairly long
time period is selected to allow software developers to use a computer in terminal mode to experiment with
the language, without the need to rapidly key-in the command strings. If the sending computer does
nothing for 64 seconds the GS3100 will have cleared its own input buffer.
B. The GS3100 ALWAYS listens for a Control C code (^C $03). On receiving this, it immediately clears its
input buffer, even if it is part way through storing a command string. If the sending computer is in doubt,
sending ^C will get the GS3100 ready to listen to a new command.
7.5.4 Acquiring Zero and Missing Commands.
The basic GS3100 will NOT service a serial input for approximately 1 second following an acquire zero
instruction, which is either sent to it by the serial input, or is the result of a front panel key operation. Serial data
sent to the GS3100 during this 1 second period will be lost.
This can be overcome by locking out the GS3100's keyboard entirely, or by locking out only the zero function,
or simply by always awaiting a reply following a command. If no reply is received, sending ^C and the
missed command should resolve the problem.
page 37

7.5.5 Communication Language and Commands.
7.5.5.1 General Command & Reply Structure.
The tables that follow describe each of the commands that can be sent to the GS3100. Every command
comprises a string of ASCII characters of even parity, and all except one have the following things in common:-
[nn command ] where
[ and ] are opening and closing brackets.

nn is the GS3100's device number, in the range 01 to 99
command is the command string shown in the table below.
The one exceptional command is literally NN or nn transmitted to the GS3100 within brackets [nn].
This two character command asks for the GS3100's device number. The reply will comprise two characters,
being numerals in the range 01 to 99. In the examples that follow, a device number of one (01") is used.
When the GS3100 is asked to reply to a command, it replies with the same string structure as the command. For
example, the command to lock the keyboard is [01GPLL]. This command does not ask for a reply as it does
not contain a question mark. If a reply is required, a question mark must be added to this command, which is
then [01GPLL?]. The GS3100 will reply with [01GPLL], the only difference being the absence of the
question mark.
In all cases, a reply means that the GS3100 has understood the command. Generally, this also means that the
GS3100 has been able to carry out the command. There are a number of exceptions, which are noted in the
tables that follow.
For consistency, if the GS3100 is to transmit a value when replying to a command, it will always have the same
structure. It will comprise a sign and six digits with leading zeros and no decimal points.
Examples are +000125"; -000002"; +003285".
The computer can obtain from the GS3100 details of its setup. These include the number of decimal places.
Accordingly, the computer can convert the value sent by the GS3100 into a real number as required.
7.5.5.2 ID Number Command.
The ID number displayed and printed by the GS3100 can be entered via the GS3100's keyboard or a computer.
The ability to transfer this number between the computer and the GS3100 can permit operators to be identified to
the computer or to select recipes within the computer or other procedures.
Serial String content & position
1
ID NUMBER COMMAND. Comments
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Commands sent to the GS3100
[
[
[
n n I D ? ]
n n I D 7 5 4 9 2 ]
n n I D ? 7 5 4 9 2 ]
Asking the GS3100 to send the ID number.

Setting the ID number.
Setting the ID number and asking for a reply.
Each part of the above command string is:-
Are mandatory string delimiters .

Is a mandatory 2 digit Device Number in the range 01
to 99 assigned to the GS3100 on installation.
Is the two character command.
n n
I D
A question mark is included if a reply is required.
?
x x x x x
A FIVE digit ID number.
The GS3100's reply.
n n I D x x x x x ]
The GS3100 sends the ID number.
page 38

7.5.5.3 Set Point Commands.
The set point commands allow the computer to set the set point values, to read from the GS3100 the current set
point values and to obtain the status of the GS3100's set point control outputs. The values never include a
decimal point. Accordingly, the computer should take the number of decimal places into account when sending a
set point setting to the GS3100. Below is an example command, which sets the set point value for set point 1,
and asks for a reply. Note:- The control output state will not be correct if the GS3100 is replying to a command
which is sending a set point value. It takes one display update cycle for the new set point setting to have an
effect on the control outputs. If the new state of the outputs is required, a delay should be allowed, then a set
point enquiry command should be used, [01SP1?] for example.
command
[01SP1?7] reply is [01SP1+000007C] or [01SP1+000007N]
The computer should always ask the GS3100 for a reply to a set point setting command. Two issues must be
considered when checking the set point value in the reply. They are:1. The GS3100 converts the set point setting to a value consistent with its installed setup. This involves rounding
the value so its least significant digit is in the same increment size as the GS3100's Count By setting. For
example, if the GS3100's Count By setting is 5, and the set point value transmitted to the GS3100 is 3, it will
round this number to 5. Similarly, a value of 7898 will be rounded to 7900. The computer can obtain the Count
By setting from the GS3100 and can therefore take this into account.
2. The GS3100 will completely ignore the set point value if it exceeds 120% of the GS3100's installed capacity.
The computer can obtain the GS3100's capacity settings and should therefore take this into account. The
GS3100 will also ignore a set point setting value that makes no sense. For example, a number which included
letters 00A2B.
1
SET POINT COMMANDS. Comments
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Commands sent to the GS3100
[
[
[
n n S P 1 x x x x x x ]
n n S P 1 ? x x x x x x ]
n n S P 1 ? ]
[
[
[
n n S P 2 x x x x x x ]
n n S P 2 ? x x x x x x ]
n n S P 2 ? ]
Setting set point 1.

Setting set point 1 and asking for a reply.
Asking for set point 1's setting.
Setting set point 2.
Setting set point 2 and asking for a reply.
Asking for set point 2's setting.
Each part of the above command string is:-
]
n n
S P 1
S P 2
Are mandatory string delimiters .

Is a mandatory 2 digit Device Number in the range 01
to 99 assigned to the GS3100 on installation.
Is the three character command SP1" for set point 1.
Is the three character command SP2" for set point 2.
The set point setting comprising ONE to SIX numerals
with NO DECIMALS and NO SIGN. The setting value
must always be followed by the closing bracket. For
example: '35]' or '000035]' are both acceptable.
x x x x x x
The GS3100's reply.
[
[
n n S P 1 x x x x x x C ]
n n S P 2 x x x x x x N ]
Set point 1's setting. The output relay is closed.

Set point 2's setting. The output relay is open.
Each part of the reply string which is not identical to the components of the command string, is:
C
x x x x x x
The state of the set point control output. N means that

the output is Not Closed (open) and C means closed.
The set point value is sent with a sign (+) and 6 digits.
page 39

7.5.5.4 General Purpose Commands that Control the GS3100 and Ask for the Weight.
This group of commands directly control the GS3100. They ask it to transmit the current weight and include
commands to lock all of the GS3100's front panel keys, to acquire tare and zero and to select the weight
displayed. For important timing and related issues see page 34 of this manual.
1
GENERAL PURPOSE COMMANDS. Comments and example

of the GS3100's reply for device number 01 is provided.
Composition of the Command string sent

to the GS3100
[
[
n
n
n
n
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
]
?
]
n
*
Command String without an added question mark.

Command String not normally containing a question mark but one
has been added in order to obtain a reply from the GS3100.
Are mandatory string delimiters.
Is a mandatory 2 digit Device Number in the range 01 to 99
assigned to the GS3100 on installation.
A four character command as shown below.
The four character commands are shown below. Commands which do not automatically ask the GS3100 for a
reply are shown with a question mark, which asks for a reply. If they are transmitted without the added
question mark, the GS3100 will not reply:Commands that control the GS3100. (See also Function Lock settings on page 21).
LOCK KEYS - Locks the GS3100's keyboard. Locd L is
G P L L ?
displayed if any of the GS3100's keys are operated and they have
no effect. Reply [01GPLL]
UNLOCK KEYS - Unlocks the GS3100's keyboard.
G P U L ?
Reply [01GPUL]
ACQUIRE ZERO - Zeros the gross input emulating the zero key.
G P A Z ?
The GS3100 may not always acquire zero. See operation of the
ZERO key for the tests applied by the GS3100. A reply ONLY
means the command was understood. Ask for the gross weight
following this command to ensure zero was obtained.
Reply [01GPAZ]
ACQUIRE TARE - Acquires Tare and displays net. The GS3100
G P A T ?
may not always acquire tare. See operation of the TARE key for
the tests applied by the GS3100. A reply ONLY means the
command was understood. Ask for the net weight following this
command to ensure a tare was obtained. Reply [01GPAT]
DISPLAY GROSS - Displays gross weight . Reply [01GPDG]
G P D G ?
DISPLAY NET - Displays net weight . Reply [01GPDN]
Commands that tell the GS3100 to send the weight.

GROSS ? - the GS3100 is to transmit the gross weight & status.
G P G ?
Reply [01G+000234SGI] where:S will be S for the scale is still or M in motion.
G will be G for Gross is displayed or N for Net.
I will be I for the scale is In scale or O or U for Over
scale or Under scale.
NET ? - a request for the GS3100 to transmit the net weight.
G P N ?
Reply [01N+000234SGI]
TARE ? - a request for the GS3100 to transmit the tare weight.
G P T ?
Reply [01T+000234SGI]
ALL ? - a request for the GS3100 to transmit ALL weights. The
G P A ?
GS3100 replies with three strings as shown below:
Reply [01G+000234SGI] [01N+000234SGI] [01T+000234SGI]
page 40

7.5.5.5 Requests for Information Commands.
This group of commands asks the GS3100 to supply information concerning itself. The GS3100 can provide its
software issue and version, its product name, its update rate and much more. All of this information will be
useful to the computer in determining how to relate to the GS3100.
All of these commands ask for a reply and contain a question mark ? as part of their structure.
1
Composition of the Command string sent

to the GS3100
[
[
n
n
]
]
n
*
REQUESTS FOR INFORMATION COMMANDS.

Comments and example of the GS3100's reply for device
number 01 is provided.
Command String.
Is a mandatory 2 digit Device Number in the range 01 to 99
assigned to the GS3100 on installation.
A four character command as shown below.
The four character commands and example replies are shown below. All of the replies contain a value string of
7 characters comprising a plus sign followed by six digits with no decimal points. The two exceptions are
product and version, however, the string length is still 7 characters.
ISSUE ? - Requests the GS3100's software issue number.

Reply [01RII?+000001]
VERSION ? - Requests the GS3100's software version.
For the standard GS3100 the reply is [01RIV?Type A ]
If Option MODBUS3100" is fitted the reply is [01RIV?Type b ]
PRODUCT ? - Requests the GS3100's model number.
Reply [01RIP?+GS3100]
UPDATE ? - Requests GS3100's display update rate. Response is
1, 2, 4 for update rates of 20, 10 and 5 per second.
Reply [01RIU?+000001]
COUNT BY ? - Requests the GS3100's count by setup.
Reply [01RIC?+000005]
DECIMAL ? - Requests the GS3100's number of decimal places
setup. Reply [01RII?+000003]
FULLSCALE ? - Requests the number of full scale divisions for
the GS3100. Reply [01RIF?+003000]
The above replies can be used to scale the weight and set point information sent to the GS3100, and received
from it. Since all communication with the GS3100 uses value strings which do not include decimal points, this
scaling will be a necessary part of any program written to communicate with the GS3100. Key scale factors are:GS3100's capacity. The installed capacity of the scale or weigh hopper will be the number of full scale divisions
multiplied by the count by setting and adjusted for the number of decimal places. A general formula for this is:Capacity = ( FULLSCALE x COUNT BY ) / ( 10^DECIMAL )
For the example on this page, assuming kg units, the formula becomes
which is
that is
( 3000 x 5 ) / ( 10^ )
( 15000 ) / ( 1000 )
15.000kg
3
If set point 1 is to be set to 15.000kg it will be sent to the GS3100 as [01SP1?15000] with no decimal places.
page 41

7.5.5.6 Terminal Mode, the GS3100 transmitted key codes & two Useful Brief Commands.
The terminal mode commands are where the GS3100 really shines and where its purpose build as a
weigh/batching front end becomes most apparent. By using the following commands, the remote computer or
PLC can literally take over the GS3100. The remote computer can communicate with personnel on the factory
floor via the GS3100, by writing directly to the GS3100's display and by reading all of the key operations on the
GS3100's keyboard.
In the terminal mode, the remote computer effectively stands between the GS3100 and the factory floor
operators. In this mode, the GS3100's front panel keys have no effect whatever on the GS3100. They are just
sent to the remote computer, which will then decide what response is required, choosing from any one of the
extensive I/O commands, including all of those in the preceding tables.
When the GS3100 is in the terminal mode, it still continues its weighing and set point checking functions in
the background. A consequence of this is the fact that the GS3100's safety set points remain active and the
remote computer can always access the very latest weight information.
Serial String content &
position
1
TERMINAL MODE COMMANDS. Comments and example of the

GS3100's reply for device number 01 is provided.
(All of the command examples include the optional question mark).
^
Composition of the Command

string sent to the GS3100
[
[
[
n
n
n
n
*
*
*
*
]
?
Command String not requiring a reply (as it has no question mark).
n
*
Command string requiring a reply (as it has a question mark).

Is a mandatory 2 digit Device Number in the range 01 to 99 assigned to the
GS3100 on installation.
A two character command as shown below. Lower case is recognized but
the reply is always uppercase.
The two character commands, with a question mark and example replies:-
M ?
Terminal Mode ON. This command places the GS3100 in the terminal
mode. All the GS3100's normal functions continue to operate in the
background, but the display and keyboard are completely under the control
of the remote computer. The GS3100 displays information sent to it with a
TD command AND sends ALL keystrokes made on its front panel
keyboard to the computer. The GS3100's keys have no meaning to the
GS3100 during this time, and so keys like ZERO have no effect, apart from
the fact that their key code is transmitted by the GS3100.
Keys that have been locked out in the GS3100's Digital Setup are not
locked out during terminal mode. In addition, keyboard locking using a
serially transmitted LL command also has no effect during terminal mode
operation. All the GS3100's serial I/O functions continue to operate in the
terminal mode. Hint:- Send a display message using the TD command
before turning on the terminal mode.
Reply [01TM] see below for the key codes sent by the GS3100.
Key Codes transmitted by the GS3100. In the terminal mode, the GS3100
transmits one string only, immediately any one of its front panel keys is
pressed. The key must be released before another key identity string will
be transmitted. The string comprises the structure shown on the left, where
nn is the GS3100's device number, K means key code and kk is a
two digit key code number 00 to 14. The code numbers for each key are:00 to 09 for numeral keys 0 to 9; 10 - ENTER; 11 - TARE; 12 - G/N;
13 - PRINT and 14 - ZERO. No code is transmitted if two keys are pressed
at exactly the same time.
page 42

Serial String content &
position
1

Composition of the Command

string sent to the GS3100
Terminal Restricted Mode ON. This command is exactly the same as the
TM command above with one important difference. The GS3100's
keyboard is locked out so it cannot send key operations. This is intended for
RS-485 Multi-Point operation where unscheduled transmissions would create
difficulties. The GS3100 displays Locd.tr if a key is pressed.
Terminal Mode OFF. This command turns off the terminal mode. The
GS3100 will immediately display weight. The front panel keyboard resumes
its normal weighing functions and any function locks resume their operation.
This comand does not turn off the stream weight data mode. Reply [01TF]
Terminal Mode - send the GS3100's display. This command asks the GS3100
to send to the computer the information shown on the GS3100's display. The
GS3100 does not need to be in the terminal mode to respond to this
command. In its normal weighing mode, the GS3100 will send the
information on its display, which will generally be the current weight, rather
than a message it may have received from the computer. The ? in the
message is completely optional as this command always results in a reply.
The reply string that the GS3100 sends to represent its display can be longer
than the SIX digits of the display. This is because the GS3100 uses only
ONE digit to display a decimal point and a number (or letter), whereas,
normal ascii uses one character space for a number (or letter) and another
character space for a decimal point. Accordingly, any instance of a number
and decimal on the GS3100's display, will be converted to TWO ascii
characters when the GS3100 sends its display image. There is a further
matter. The GS3100 can display a decimal point at D5, D4, D3, and D2 of its
six digit display. (It cannot display a decimal at D6 (the leftmost digit) or D1
(the rightmost).
If a computer has sent the GS3100 a message containing FOUR decimal
points, eg 12.3.4.5.6, this will be converted to TEN ascii characters in the
GS3100's reply to the T7 command.
A further point to consider is this. The GS3100 displays some characters
in the same appearance as numbers, for example S looks like 5. This is a
limitation of a SEVEN segment display. When the GS3100 sends its display
image, it may include numbers that are really being used as letters.
Reply [01T7xxxxxx] to [01T7xx.x.x.x.x] where x is the digit displayed by

the GS3100 and . is a decimal point or points as located on the GS3100's
display.
Terminal Stream Mode ON. This command turns on the terminal stream
mode. During installation, the GS3100 can be set up to send a serial stream
of weight data with one transmission occurring at the end of each display
update cycle. In the serial I/O mode, this command allows a remote computer
to control the time at which when it receives a great deal of weight
information from the GS3100 and to turn the data stream off when it is not
required. For stream output see pages 22 and 29 of this manual.
Reply with [01TS]
Note - the ? is really redundant as a stream of weight data will
immediately follow the correct receipt by the GS3100 of the TS command.
Terminal Stream Mode OFF. This command turns off the terminal stream
mode. Note:- Exiting terminal mode via a TM command does not turn
off the stream mode. Only the TU command will do that. Reply [01TU]
page 43

1

Composition of the Command string sent to the GS3100

Two useful brief commands - checking the security of the GS3100's settings. (The ? is optional.)
The GS3100 replies with the number of times, to three digits (999), that its
S C ?
set up and calibration settings have been successfully accessed.
Reply [01SC123]
The GS3100 replies with the number of times, to three digits (999), that its
F C ?
set up and calibration settings have been un-successfully accessed by parties
attempting to crack the access code. Reply [01FC123]

1
[
[
n
n
n
n
Comments
10 11 12 13
T D H E L L O
]
T D ? H E L L O
Terminal Display Command. This command sends a

SIX to TEN character alpha/numeric ascii string that is
to be displayed by the GS3100.
The GS3100 has a SIX digit display. Because decimal points occupy the same space as numerals or letters, it is
able to pack SIX characters plus FOUR decimals into its SIX digit display. An example of this would be the
message 12.3.4.5.6.
An important point must be borne in mind when sending the GS3100 display messages containing multiple
decimal points. The GS3100 cannot display a decimal at Digit 6 or Digit 1 position ( D6 is the leftmost digit).
If it receives a message with decimals that would require placement at D6 it completely ignores the message. If
the message contains a decimal for the D1 location, the decimal is ignored and the message shortened ( the ]
bracket may get displayed in this case.)
The example shown is HELLO . Note the use of a space following HELLO to make up the full six digits.
The message contains SIX characters not including decimal points.
On receipt of the display string, the GS3100 converts the ascii characters to their 7segment display equivalent
and then displays them on its six digit seven segment display. If there is no seven segment equivalent to the
character sent to the GS3100, it displays a bar (-) instead of the character. When a reply is required by the
computer, the GS3100 will send the displayed message as it is shown on the GS3100's display, including any
bars (-) for characters that it could not convert to seven segments. See the table of ASCII to seven segment
characters on page 45.
Reply [01TD?HELLO ] where, instead of HELLO there is a letter, number or decimal as displayed by the
GS3100.
One final note:- Do not use a question mark at Digit 6 location as the GS3100 may interpret it as a request for
a reply rather than a character to be displayed.
page 44

7.5.5.7 Table of ASCII Characters that can be displayed by the GS3100 (includes their hex equivalent).
Table of ASCII Characters that the GS3100 can display, including their hexadecimal value.
Add the two half bytes to produce the hexadecimal value.
Least Significant half byte ( example $_A )
0
Most significant half
byte. ( example $3_)
2
3
4
5
space
U
g
.
?
d
t
L
[
O
]
7.5.5.8 Table of Hexadecimal values for ASCII characters.

Table of HEXADECIMAL VALUES OF ASCII and CONTROL characters.
Add the two half bytes to produce the hexadecimal value.
Least Significant half byte ( example $_A )
0
Most significant half
byte. ( example $3_)
LF
^S
1
2
space
0D
^Q
&
'
++
,-
<
>
up
left
SUM
+-
pi
tau
none
^Q is XON
^S is XOFF
CR is Carriage Return
LF is Line Feed
page 45
8 MODBUS3100 - FACTORY FITTED MODBUS ASCII and RTU OPTION.

8.1 Introduction.
The MODBUS protocol describes an industrial communications and distributed control system developed by
Gould-Modicon to integrate PLCs, computers, terminals and other monitoring, sensing and control devices.
MODBUS is a Master/Slave communications protocol where one device, the Master, controls all serial activity
by selectively polling Slave devices. The protocol supports up to 247 devices. However, the GS3100's
implimentation of it supports up to 99 devices which should be more than sufficient for any weighing related
control system.
The factory fitted MODBUS3100" Option provides support for the two MODBUS Modes appropriate for
weighing products - MODBUS ASCII mode and MODBUS RTU mode. The RTU mode is more efficient than
the ASCII mode as it specifies roughly twice the data density in the communication string. MODBUS serial
communications can be carried out using RS-232C, RS-422A or RS-485 MultiPoint serial signal levels and types
in rates from 1200baud to 19.2kbaud. The signal level/type will depend on the Serial I/O Option you select to
install in addition to the MODBUS3100" Option. Select Option07 for RS-232C or 20mA; select Option08 for
RS-422A I/O or RS-485 MultiPoint - both are optically isolated for reliable operation over long cable runs.
This section of the GS3100's manual contains all of the information you will need to set up and establish a
MODBUS communication system with one or several GS3100 products. It does not contain the substantial and
detailed technical specifications of the MODBUS Protocol which are in the public domain and freely available.
Such information is not required to effectively apply the GS3100 using the MODBUS Protocol. This is one of
the great benefits of MODBUS - it can be applied properly without the need to invest the time and effort
required to understand its every feature. This has already been done for you by Gedge Systems in the
implimentation of the Protocol in the GS3100.
Should you wish to obtain a copy of the Modicon Modbus Protocol it is freely available from MODICON whose
address is - MODICON Inc, One High Street, North Andover, Massachusetts 01845 USA.
8.2 Serial Transmission Modes, Speeds and Slave Numbers.

In digital setup, on page 22, you can select from two transmission modes - ASCII or RTU. Each complies fully
with the Modbus Protocol as described in MODICON's reference guide PI-MBUS-300 Rev J. Each
comprises:8.2.1 ASCII Mode
Coding System: Hexadecimal, ASCII characters 0-9, A-F One character contained in each ASCII character of
the message.
Bits per Byte: 1 start bit, 7 data bits least significant sent first, 1 even parity bit, 2 stop bits.
Error Check Field: Longitudinal Redundancy Check (LRC)
Message Framing: Messages start with a 'colon' (:) character (ASCII 3A hex) and end with a 'carriage
return-line feed' (CRLF) pair (ASCII 0D and 0A hex). Maximum allowed inter-character time 1 second.
Serial Transmission Speeds: MODBUS Communication is supported over the range 1200baud to 19,200baud.
This is selected by setting the baud rate switches on the Serial I/O Option07 or Option08 card and by selecting
the setting in the Digital Setup baud rate.
Slave Number: The GS3100's SLAVE number is selected in the range 01 to 99 and set in Digital Setup Device Number entry shown on page 24. The GS3100 does not support the broadcast SLAVE number 00.
page 46

8.2.2 RTU Mode
Coding System: 8-bit binary, hexadecimal 0-9, A-F Two hexadecimal characters contained in each 8-bit field of
the message.
Bits per Byte: 1 start bit, 8 data bits least significant sent first, no parity bit, 2 stop bits.
Error Check Field: Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)
Message Framing: Messages start with a silent interval of at least 3.5 character times and end with a silent
interval of least 3.5 character times. Maximum allowed inter-character silence is 1.5 character times.
Serial Transmission Speeds: MODBUS Communication is supported over the range 1200baud to 19,200baud.
This is selected by setting the baud rate switches on the Serial I/O Option07 or Option08 card and by selecting
the setting in the Digital Setup baud rate.
Slave Number: The GS3100's SLAVE number is selected in the range 01 to 99 and set in Digital Setup Device Number entry shown on page 24. The GS3100 does not support the broadcast SLAVE number 00.
8.3 MODBUS Functions and Exception Response.

The GS3100 fully impliments the MODBUS Protocol's functions 03 Read Holding Registers and 06 Preset
Single (holding) Register. It also impliments the Protocols' exception responses which are:When a reply is required to an exception - b7 of the functions code is set.
Replies to particular exceptions with the exception codes are: Illegal/Unsupported function (01); Register
address out of range (02); Downloaded contents for a register out of range (03).
There is no reply on: Parity error; Message frame error; LRC or CRC error; Message completely garbled.
8.4 Timing Considerations.

The maximum scan rate (minimum time) for any one GS3100 will depend on many factors, some of which are:the MODBUS mode ASCII/RTU; the baud rate; the number of registers scanned; the time it takes the GS3100 to
respond; the time it takes the MASTER unit to deal with a reply and to compose the next query; the number of
SLAVES on the one RS-485 MultiPoint serial bus; the ability of the PLC/Controllers MODBUS port to handle
the traffic. These factors need to be considered when setting a scan time and time-out time for a particular
installation. In addition to this, the weight update rate of the GS3100 should be taken into account. It makes no
sense to scan the GS3100 at 20 times per second when the weight update rate as set in digital setup on page 21
is set to 5 times per second. The 20/second scan will, most often, just result in 4 readings of the same weight!
Some of the above time factors can be estimated in advance - others can only be measured when the particular
installation is designed (and perhaps run).
8.4.1 Timing - ASCII mode versus RTU mode.
There seems little, if anything, to recommend the MODBUS ASCII mode. Certainly from an equipment
designer's point of view, its relaxed message framing specification makes it easy to impliment, but the price paid
for the life of the installtion that uses it is a low data density in the communications strings which places an
added and un-necessary burden on the communication resources. In fact, to generalise, communication rates can
be TWICE AS FAST using RTU rather than ASCII. If RS-485 MultiPoint communications are used the
slowness of ASCII versus RTU will become very evident.
8.4.2 Timing - GS3100's time to Respond.
There is no ready formula that can be used to calculate the time it takes the GS3100 to respond to a query from
a MASTER unit. The most reliable way to determine this is to measure it in the actual installation. The time
taken will depend on the mode, the scan rate, the baud rate, the weight update rate as well as the number and
type of registers scanned. As a guide, actual test measurements have revealed 7milliSeconds to 22milliSeconds
for 1 to 20 registers at 19.2kbaud RTU mode.
page 47

8.4.3 Timing - Baud Rate
Generally speaking fast baud rates will result in faster scan rates. This is particularly true where multiple
SLAVES are addressed on one serial RS-485 MultiPoint line. There is, however, a point at which increasing the
baud rate results in no great increase in scan rate - this point is reached when the inherent delays in the SLAVE
and MASTER are large compared to the time it takes for the serial traffic to occur. For weight indicators in
general and the GS3100 in particular, this practical upper limit is 19.2kbaud. At this speed, with no allowance
for inter-byte time, the MASTER'S query for the contents of 1 register takes 10milliSeconds in ASCII mode and
4.6milliSeconds in RTU mode and the reply takes 9milliSeconds in ASCII mode and 4milliseconds in RTU
mode. Considering that the GS3100 may take up to 7milliSeconds to reply, there appears little benefit in
attempting to halve these transmission times by using the next baud rate of 38.4kbaud or greater.
The table below has transmission time estimates for the MASTER'S query and the GS3100's reply. These
time estimates are the shortest possible SERIAL TRANSMISSION TIME ONLY and make no allowance for the
inter-byte time allowed in each message or the inter-message time specified in the MODBUS Protocol. They also
make no allowance for the delays within the GS3100 or the MASTER. Permitted inter-byte and inter-message
times are:- The ASCII mode allows up to 1 second between bytes and between messages, the RTU mode allows
up to 1.5 character times between message bytes and requires at least 3.5 character times between messages. At
19.2kbaud 1.5 character times equals only 0.86milliSeconds.
Read and Reply transmission times in milliseconds
Number of
Registers
1
3
5
10
20
ASCII Mode
4800baud
73
92
110
156
248
9600baud
37
46
55
78
124
RTU Mode
19200baud
18
23
28
39
62
4800baud
35
44
53
76
122
9600baud
17
22
26
38
61
19200baud
9
11
13
19
30
8.5 GS3100's 20 Holding Registers.

The GS3100 has TWENTY 16bit holding registers. Each can be read from, five can be written to. They are
arranged in order, from a weighing/controlling point of view, of the most important information first, the least
important last. In addition, the first register contains high density status information. All this is to improve the
efficiency of communication using the MODBUS multiple-read function 03.
During batching or other time-critical periods, most applications will only need to read the first three
registers, as they contain all the important weight/setpoint status information and the gross weight. The
remaining register can be read at less frequent intervals during low time-critical periods. The register numbering
used in the table on the following page is decimal from 1 to 20 with the hexadecimal value also shown. Note,
however, that the addresses used during MODBUS communications are hexadecimal starting always at $00 and,
for the GS3100, going to $13. If you are using a MODBUS scanner you will probably need to select registers
using numbering from 1 rather than 0.
GS3100s TWENTY HOLDING REGISTERS
Register Numbering
Decimal
Hex
Hex No
used in
serial I/O
$01
$00
Read
Write
16 bit Register Contents

NOTE:- Many of the 16bit registers are combined into 32bits in order to fit the
weight and setpoint data. In these cases, the data is described in its 32bit form
even though it is read as two 16bit registers.
STATUS INFORMATION.
b15 1=Weight Negative Offscale
b14 1=Weight Positive Offscale
b13 1=Weight Inscale
b12 1=Gross Overweight
b11 reserved for future use
b10 1=Net display selected
b09 1= Gross display selected
b08 1=In Motion, 0=Still
b07 1=keyboard locked, 0=unlocked

b06 1=RAM Battery Failed 0=OK
b01 Relay/Setpoint 2 1=ON 0=OFF
b00 Relay/Setpoint 1 1=ON 0=OFF
page 48

Register Numbering
Read
Write
Decimal
Hex
Hex No
used in
serial I/O
$02
$01
$03
$02
$04
$03
$05
$04
$06
$05
R/W
$07
$06
R/W
$08
$07
R/W
$09
$08
R/W
10
$0A
$09
R/W
11
$0B
$0A
12
$0C
$0B
13
$0D
$0C
14
$0E
$0D
15
$0F
$0E

GROSS WEIGHT Signed 32bits.

b31 sign bit 0 for positive, 1 for negative
b30 - b0 Displayed gross weight. Maximum value 195,000 $02F9B8
NET WEIGHT Signed 32bits.
b31 sign bit 0 for positive, 1 for negative
b30 - b0 Displayed gross weight. Maximum value 195,000 $02F9B8
SETPOINT 1 SETTING Unsigned 32bits.
b31 - b0 Setpoint setting to a maximum value of 120% Full scale.
NOTE:- When writing individually to each of the setpoints 16bit registers
ensure that the total 32bit value does not at any time exceed the maximum
value as the partial value just written will be ignored. The GS3100
automatically rounds the setpoint value to the closest count-by setting.
SETPOINT 2 SETTING Unsigned 32bits.
b31 - b0 Setpoint setting to a maximum value 120% Full scale.
(See note in Setpoint 1 above).
MULTI-PURPOSE WRITE REGISTER. Used to control the main weighing
functions of the GS3100. This register is really a write only register as it
always reads zero. To verify that the downloaded instruction has been
executed the sender should check the revent status register. Write instructions
are:$0400 select Net display
$0200 select Gross display
$0001 lock the keyboard
$0080 unlock the keyboard
$0002 acquire zero
$0004 acquire tare and display net
Reserved for future use.
PRODUCT/SOFTWARE VERSION. (ms most significant, ls least
significant)
ms half byte 31d $1F for GS3100
ls half byte 05d $05 for version 5
COUNT BY/DECIMALS
ms half byte 1d to 50d $01 to $32 for Count By setting 1 to 50
ls half byte 0d to 4d $00 to $04 for no decimal places to four decimal places.
NOTE:- The decimal position should be read, as the MASTER will need to
insert it into the integer weight values read from the above registers.
CALIBRATED FULL SCALE DISPLAY DIVISIONS
400d to 10,000d $190 to $2710. The maximum displayed weight will be this
value times the Count By setting taking into account the number of decimal
places. For example (in decimal arithmetic assuming kg):Full Scale = 3,000; Count By = 5 and Decimal Places = 3.
The weighing capacity will be 3,000 x 5 / 10^3 = 15.000kg
WEIGHT DATA AGE. Time, in 23millisecond units, since the weight data
was updated on the GS3100s display. This time will depend on the setting
for the GS3100s update rate as set in digital setup. It will be at its lowest
and least variable at 20/second and its most variable and sometimes highest at
2.5/second. It all depends on how soon a weight information request is
received after the weight display has been updated. At 20/second this value
will generally be 0 or 1 for less than 23milliseconds or 23-45milliseconds
respectively.
page 49

Register Numbering
Decimal
Hex
Hex No
used in
serial I/O
Read
Write

TIME - POLL TO REPLY. Time in 1.65milliSecond intervals between the

reciept of the last byte of a poll message and transmission of the first byte of
the reply.
The four registers below are cleared to zero when power is applied. It is a good idea to clear them when using
them to trouble shoot a system. The number of polls received by the GS3100 should be the same as the number
of polls transmitted by the MASTER unit. If using the ModScan software (mentioned over page) to evaluate a
system, be carefull - the poll count when data is displayed is not always the actual value but often several
polls behind it - this is a fault in that software - switching the display to traffic and back to data appears to
update the poll count to the correct value. The number of responses sent by the GS3100 is Reg19 - Reg18
TOTAL NUMBER OF POLLS RECEIVED. Total number of poll messages
R
17
$11
$10
received including those ignored due to parity and checksum errors and those
replied to with an exception code.
TRANSMITTER BUSY. Responses, though prepared, not sent because the
R
18
$12
$11
transmitter was still busy sending the previous response. This count will
usually be zero. If data cannot be sent, it is probably caused by low baud
rates and/or long data strings.
TOTAL NUMBER OF RESPONSES PREPARED. Total number of poll
R
19
$13
$12
responses prepared not including the present one transmitted. This number
plus the total in register 20 will equal the number of polls received in register
17. It will, however, always be one less than the value in register 17 because
it does not include the present response. R19 = (R17 - R20) - 1
IGNORED POLLS. Number of polls ignored due to parity or checksum error.
R
20
$14
$13
16
$10
$0F
8.6 Battery RAM - Additional MODBUS3100" Option Features.

The GS3100 MODBUS Option includes battery supported memory. This is not included in the standard GS3100.
Additional features provided by this are:- TARE - The acquired tare value is retained during power failure. In
the standard GS3100, the tare value is cleared to zero when power is applied; ZERO TRACKED VALUE The accumulated zero tracked value is retained during power failure. In the standard GS3100 this is cleared
when power is applied. Both versions of the GS3100 retain the keyed ZERO value when power is lost; ID
NUMBER - The ID number is retained during power failure. In the standard GS3100, the ID number is cleared
to zero when power is applied.
In the unlikely event that the battery supporting the memory should fail, the GS3100 will display the message
Err3 when power is applied. Operating any key will continue normal operation. The ram chip should be
replaced at the earliest convenience, but normal opearation of the GS3100 can continue in the meantime. The
only disadvantage in operating the GS3100 without full battery support for its memory is that the settings above
are lost on power failure and cleared when power is applied. The setpoint settings are also lost on power failure.
8.7 MODBUS Installation and Setup.

This procedure covers the installation of the GS3100 for MODBUS operation. For overall installation of the
GS3100 other relevant sections of this manual apply.
Before proceeding with the installation, make sure that your GS3100 has the MODBUS3100" Option installed.
To do this, remove and apply power. The GS3100 will display its software issue message which also contains
the products type. You will need to see 3100.5b where b tells you that this product is modbus enabled. If the
message is 3100.5A", the A indicating typeA, then your GS3100 does not include the MODBUS3100 Option.
The number .5" is the software issue. This can be any number 5 or greater. Having checked that the GS3100
includes the MODBUS3100" Option, you should now ensure that it includes, or that you have on hand, a Serial
page 50

Input/Output card, as this will be required for serial communications. Currently there are two Option cards from
which to choose, Option07 or Option08. These cards are fully described in the SERIAL INPUT/OUTPUT
OPTIONS section of this manual on page 33. To confirm which card is installed, remove the top cover from the
GS3100 so you can see the serial option card, which will be installed on the rear panel in the top right connector
cut-out.
Option07 has PC1969" printed along its left side and OPTION 07 OPTO ISOLATED RS232C & CURRENT
LOOP SERIAL I/O" printed along its left side. Option08 has PC1967" printed on its right side near the ribbon
cable connector J1 and OPTION08 OPTO ISOLATED RS422/RS485 SERIAL I/O" printed on the right rear
near the cable connector.
Now that you have confirmed that your GS3100 is fitted with a MODBUS3100" Option and a serial I/O card
you can proceed with the installation as follows:1. If the serial I/O card is not installed in the GS3100, install it now. You should follow the installation
steps detailed in the SERIAL INPUT/OUTPUT section of this manual on page 33. You should also install
the serial cable run between the GS3100 and the MASTER unit.
2. Using the SW1 switch group on the serial I/O card set the required communication rate between
1200baud and 19,200baud. Make a note of the selected rate, as you will need to set it on the MASTER unit
and in the digital setup of the GS3100.
3. Enter Digital Setup as shown on page 20 and select the required MODBUS mode of ASCII or RTU.
Advance to the next setup setting and enter the baud rate - it MUST be the same as set on the serial I/O
card or proper communication will not occur.
4. Enter the serial port MODBUS settings into your MASTER unit. They will be:ASCII, baud rate (as in 2 above), 1 start bit 7 data bits 1 even parity bit 1 stop bit.
RTU, baud rate (as in 2 above), 1 start bit 8 data bits no parity bit 2 stop bits.
5. Test the communication by setting the scan rate and time out to 1 second with the scan set to Read
Holding Registers from 1 for 1 register. Once communication is established you can change the scan time
and scan more registers to arrive at the required settings for the installation.
8.8 MODBUS Communications Testing/Demonstration.

Unlike the standard GS3100 serial I/O - MODBUS communications cannot be simulated on a computer using a
terminal mode program, because the MODBUS Protocol message framing is too time critical for this. You
cannot type the message strings fast enough - particularly for RTU mode at 19.2kbaud where the maximum time
between bytes is 0.85milliSeconds! Demonstration of operation is either achieved by running the actual systems
or by installing a Modbus scanner program on a computer and using it as the MASTER. One such program
available as shareware is ModSca16 from Wintech Software at http://www.win-tech.com. While this
program has its limitations, it does provide a low cost means of running the GS3100 in the selected MODBUS
mode and proving the system before connecting to a PLC.
page 51
9 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION.
LOAD CELL INPUT
Sensitivity/Range :- 1.00uV/d to 60uV/d to a maximum
input of 45mV.
Display provides -4% to + 104% Full
Scale.
Linearity :/+ 0.01% Full Scale.
Span Stability :/+ 15ppm/
Zero Stability :+/-500nanoV/ C +/- 30ppm/C
of dead load offset.
Noise :1uV p-p RTI maximum.
Zero Adj. Range :- 1mV to + 20mV
Excitation :10VDC Short Circuit Protected.
Up to 8 x 350ohm Load Cells in
parallel 230mA max.
Excitation Sensing :- True differential remote sensing
using a separate pair of wires.
Source Impedance :- 2kohm maximum.
Input Impedance :- 10Mohm minimum.
Analog Filter :Active 2Hz 2 Pole Low Pass.
Digital Filter :A/D averaging 1 to 8 samples.
SIZE and POWER

Physical :-
RE-CALIBRATION
Re-calibration :Recommended Re-calibration
interval 1 year.
FRONT PANEL
Weight Display :14mm high 7 segment High
Intensity red LED display to a
maximum of 199990 with minus (-)
sign.
Annunciators :6 LED lamps.
Controls :Positive action tactile feedback
key board of 15 keys behind a tough
water resistant membrane.
Rear Panel :-
Front :Body :-
oC
Unit weight :Environment :-
Power :-
OPTIONS
User Installed - A wide range of
serial output and serial input/output
options is available together with a
High Precision Analog Output
Option6HPF. They are supplied loose
for user installation.
Refer to pages 31 and 33 of this
manual for a complete listing and
description of the available serial
options and Page 14 for the Analog
Option.
CONTROL OUTPUTS
2 Outputs :One control output for each
set point. Each is an optically isolated
open collector capable of sinking
0.5Amp 5VDC to 45VDC from a user
supplied external power supply.
STANDARD SERIAL OUTPUT.
RS-232C serial ouput is supplied as
standard. Selectable baud rates are
4800baud or 9600baud.
All metal enamel finished desk and

panel mounting enclosure including a
panel mounting kit as standard.
198mm wide x 96mm high.
184mm wide x 90mm high.
Body length overall 149mm. For
panel mounting DIN standard
cut out 186mm wide x 92mm high.
Body rear panel projection 137mm.
Rear projection allowing space for the
supplied power and load cell
connector 176mm. Rear projection,
with an optional serial card connector,
allowing space for the cable and
connector is 195mm.
1.9kg. Shipping weight 3kg.
-10C to + 40C Operating;
-15C to + 70C Storage; to 95%RH
non condensing.
100/110/117/200/220/240VAC
-+ 10% 49 to 62Hz 19VA.
(specify voltage at order)
Power cable appliance receptacle;
Fuse and fuse holder; 9 pin D male
load cell connector and mating angled
cable plug; 9 pin D female RS-232C
and Control Output connector and
mating angled cable plug.
Factory Installed - MODBUS3100

for MODBUS Protocol
communications using RTU or ASCII
mode from 1200baud to 19200baud.
Requires fitment of Option07 or 08.
Ordering Guide.
GS3100
Weigh/Batching Front End.

includes panel mounting hardware
and all cable connectors.
Specify mains voltage and, if
required, MODBUS3100 Option.
page 52
10 WARRANTY
Definition. In the following, Buyer shall mean the original purchaser of the equipment supplied by Gedge
Systems. Seller shall mean Gedge Systems, the manufacturer of the equipment.
Extent. This express warranty shall extend between Buyer and Seller only and shall cover all claims and costs
during the warranty period between Buyer and Seller only, and, except for warranty of title, is in lieu of all other
warranties, whether expressed or implied, including the implied warranties of fitness for a particular purpose and
merchantability. Seller shall not be liable for any special, incidental or consequential damages resulting from a
breach or alleged breach of this warranty.
Warrants. The Seller warrants to the Buyer that the equipment shall be manufactured by good workmanship of
materials free of defect and that such equipment when used and installed in accordance with the Seller's
instruction manuals shall perform in accordance with the equipment's specifications.
Repair/Replace/Exceptions. The Seller shall repair or replace at its discretion, free of charge, any equipment or
option which is returned to its facility within twelve (12)months of shipment to the Buyer, and which upon
examination proves to be a manufacturing defect.
The warranty does not apply to any equipment that has been :A. Repaired or modified by other than a duly authorized repair facility.
B. Installed or adjusted not in accordance with the equipment's manual.
C. Mishandled, abused or which in the Seller's sole judgment has been exposed to an environment for
which the equipment was not designed.
D. Operated outside of its enclosure or operated in an enclosure other than as supplied by the manufacturer.
Shipping Costs. This warranty applies to equipment received at the Seller's facility, freight prepaid by the
Buyer, and does not include return freight to the Buyer's premises.
page 53

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GS3100 Weigh/Batching Front End

Operating & Installation Manual.

Year 2000 Compliant

Copyright GS Systems Pty Ltd

All Rights Reserved

GS3100 Weigh/Batching Front End

MANUAL & SOFTWARE VERSION NOTICE.

Gedge Systems - Melbourne - Australia

GS3100 Weigh/Batching Front End

11 3 FULL INSTALLATION DETAILS.

3.1 Installation steps.

Physical Installation and Adjustment.

20 3.12 Digital Setup - Programming the GS3100.

Accessing Digital Setup.

Resolution in display divisions.

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GS3100 Weigh/Batching Front End

29 4 STANDARD RS-232C SERIAL OUTPUT COMPOSITION

Serial Data Word Composition and Serial Flow Control - XON/XOFF.

30 5 SERIAL INPUT DIAGNOSTICS

Optional Serial Output Cards - Output and Power Supply Connections.

33 7 SERIAL INPUT/OUTPUT OPTIONS - RS-232C, RS-422A, 20mA CL,

General Command & Reply Structure.

46 8 MODBUS3100 - FACTORY FITTED MODBUS ASCII and RTU OPTION.

MODBUS Functions and Exception Response.

GS3100's 20 Holding Registers.

GS3100 Weigh/Batching Front End

1 INTRODUCTION & FEATURES.

The GS3100's serial I/O language includes commands

For Computer/PLC controlled applications requiring only

n Full Range of Programmable Settings.

The GS3100's extensive range of keyboard programmable settings

Gedge Systems - Melbourne - Australia

GS3100 Weigh/Batching Front End

also be programmed during installation if required.

installation into a standard 200mm depth enclosure.

information is natural and easy to remember.

in-house manufacturing and testing assures a long trouble free life.

The wide ranging display of 6 digits allows virtually any weight to be

No internal potentiometers or gain/zero switches within the GS3100.

meet a 100% performance test before shipping.

Gedge Systems maintains a detailed and full record of every product

Gedge Systems - Melbourne - Australia

GS3100 Weigh/Batching Front End

2 OPERATING THE GS3100

Gedge Systems - Melbourne - Australia

GS3100 Weigh/Batching Front End

GS3100 Weigh/Batching Front End

2.5 Front Panel Lamps

The GROSS or NET lamps are only on when

The COMMS lamp flashes when serial information is

GS3100 Weigh/Batching Front End

PRINT Prints the weight or sends a print command to a remote Computer

GS3100 Weigh/Batching Front End

3 FULL INSTALLATION DETAILS.

and so can be left either in or out.

messages before proceeding.

attach the appropriate weight units label to front of GS3100.

span calibrate the installation.

optional serial output.

WARNING. ALWAYS MAKE SAFE OR DISCONNECT ALL EXTERNAL DEVICES CONTROLLED

Gedge Systems - Melbourne - Australia

GS3100 Weigh/Batching Front End

3.4 Electrical supply quality.