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1) Carbon Steels:
Carbon steels contain trace amounts of alloying
elements and account for 90% of total steel
production. Carbon steels can be further categorized
into three groups depending on their carbon content:
2) Alloy Steels:
Alloy steels contain alloying elements (e.g.
manganese, silicon, nickel, titanium, copper,
chromium and aluminum) in varying proportions in
order to manipulate the steel's properties, such as its
hardenability, corrosion resistance, strength,
formability, weldability or ductility. Applications for
alloys steel
transformers,
motors.
3) Stainless Steels:
Stainless steels generally contain between 10-20%
chromium as the main alloying element and are
valued for high corrosion resistance. With over 11%
chromium, steel is about 200 times more resistant to
corrosion than mild steel. These steels can be divided
into three groups based on their crystalline structure:
Source:
http://metals.about.com/od/properties/a/Steel-Types-And-Properties.htm
Types of Welding
1) Stick - Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)
Shielded Metal Arc Welding, commonly called Stick, is a welding process that
uses an electrode (welding rod) to carry the electric current and provide the
majority of the weld metal. The electrode consists of a core wire coated in flux.
An electric arc is created across the gap when the energized circuit and the
electrode tip touches the work piece and is withdrawn, yet still within close
contact, generating temperatures of approximately 6500F. This heat melts both
the base metal and the electrode creating the weld. During this process, the
molten metal is protected from oxides and nitrides in the atmosphere by a
gaseous shield created by the vaporizing of the flux coating. The electrode
produces a slag covering on the finished weld.
Typical Uses: Steel Erection, Heavy equipment repair, Construction, Pipeline
Welding
create a molten weld puddle. An autogenous (no filler metal) weld can be created
by melting two pieces of metal together. An external filler rod can be added into
the molten puddle to create the weld bead and increase mechanical properties.
Like the GMAW process, the molten weld puddle needs to be shielded by an
external gas supply. The most commonly used shielding gas is argon, but
argon/helium mixtures can be used on heavy aluminum. GTAW can be used to
weld most alloys.
Typical Uses: Aerospace welding, piping systems, motorcycles or bikes
Sources:
http://earlbeck.com/types-of-welding.html
Types of Welding
Butt Joint
A butt weld, or a square-groove, is the
most common and easiest to use.
Consisting of two flat pieces that are
parallel to one another, it also is an
economical option. It is the universally
used method of joining a pipe to itself,
as well as flanges, valves, fittings, or
other equipment. However, it is limited
by any thickness exceeding 3/16.
Corner Joint
A corner weld is a type of joint that is
between two metal parts and is located
at right angles to one another in the form
of a L. As the name indicates, it is used
to connect two pieces together, forming
a corner. This weld is most often used in
the sheet metal industry and is
performed on the outside edge of the
piece.
Edge Joint
Edge welding joints, a groove type of
weld, are placed side by side and
welded on the same edge. They are the
most commonly replaced type of joints
due to build up accumulating on the
edges. They are often applied to parts of
sheet metal that have edges flanging up
or formed at a place where a weld must
Source:
http://www.ateliersbg.com/news/the-5types-of-basic-welding-joints.aspx
RESEARCH NO. 1
INSTRUCTOR:
ARCH. NOEL MALLARI