K L University

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Course Handout for IV Year B.Tech
A.Y.2016-17, First Semester
Course Name

: High Speed Optical Communication Networks

Course Code

: 13-CS-433

L-T-P structure

: 3-0-0

Course Credits

:3

Course Coordinator
Course Instructors
Course Objective
optical communication

: N.Durga Indira
: N.Durga Indira, C.Sreevardhan
: This course introduces the basic concepts required to understand
systems and networks

Course Rationale
: Transmission of information over a wired communication channel
suffers from attenuation,
inadequacy of bandwidth for high data speeds
etc., these problems were successfully routed
out by the introduction of
optical fiber as transmission media.
This course covers the basics of optical fiber communication link, propagation
losses, various
sources and detectors, data transmission schemes etc.
It is also emphasizes advancement in
data transmission capability of
point communication systems.
Course Outcomes (CO):
CO
No.
1
2
3
4

CO
Understand the basics of light signals and different types of optical communication
link methodologies
Understand the concepts of transmission characteristics of optical fibers and
dispersion
Analyze the concepts of optical transmission and detectors, electro optic modulation
and optical amplifier
Analyze the concept of basic networks

PO

BTL

Level
1
Level
1
Level
2
Level
2

e
e
e

COURSE OUTCOME INDICATORS (COI):

CO No.
1

2
3

COI-1
Understand the concepts of ray
theory transmission, total internal
reflection, fiber types, and modes of
propagation
Understand the concepts of
transmission characteristics of optical
fibers and dispersion
Analyze the concepts of optical fiber
systems and optical amplifiers along
with optical communication link

COI-2
Understand different types of
communications and light transmission
methodology
Understand the best data transmission
path for optical communications
Calculate the performance of components
in link and analyze the concepts of fiber
attenuation measurements

Analyze the concept of basic

networks-SONET/SDH,Broadcast and
WDM networks

Analyze the nonlinear effects on network

performance

SYLLABUS (As approved by BoS):

Introduction, Ray theory transmission, Total internal reflection, Acceptance angle, Numerical aperture,
Skew rays, Electromagnetic mode theory of optical propagation, EM waves, modes in planar guide, phase
and group velocity, cylindrical fibers, SM fibers. Attenuation, Material absorption losses in silica glass
fibers, Linear and non-linear scattering losses, Fiber bend losses, Midband and farbandinfra red
transmission, intra and inter model dispersion, overall fiber dispersion, Polarization non-linear
phenomena, Optical fiber connectors, fiber alignment and joint losses, Fiber splices, fiber connectors,
Expanded beam connectors, Fiber couplers. Optical sources: Light Emitting Diodes, LED structures,
surface and edge emitters, mono and hetero structures, interanal quantum efficiency, injection laser
diode structures, comparison of LED and ILD. Optical detectors: PIN photo detectors, Avalanche photo
diodes, construction, characteristics and properties, Comparison of performance, Photo detector noise,
Noise sources, Signal to Noise ratio, detector response time. Fundamental receiver operation, Pre
amplifiers, Error sources- Receiver Configuration, Probability of Error, Quantum limit, Fiber attenuation
measurements, Dispersion measurements, Fiber Refractive index profile measurements, Fiber cut-off
Wavelength measurements, Fiber Numerical Aperture Measurements, Fiber diameter measurements.
Basic Networks, SONET/ SDH, Broadcast, and select WDM networks, Wavelength routed networks, Non
linear effects on Network performance, Performance of WDM + EDFA system, Optical CDMA, Ultra High
Capacity Networks.
BoS Approved Text books:
1. Optical Fiber Communication John M. Senior Pearson Education Second Edition, 2007.
2. Optical Fiber Communication Gerd Keiser Mc Graw Hill Third Edition, 2000.
BoS Approved Reference Books:
1. Optical Communication System J. Gower, Prentice Hall of India, 2001.
2. Optical Networks Rajiv Ramaswami, Elsevier, Second Edition, 2004.
3.Fiber Optic communication Systems Govind P. Agrawal, John Wiley & Sons, Third Edition, 2004.
4. Fiber Optics and Optoelectronics R. P. Khare, Oxford University Press, 2007.
COURSE DELIVERY PLAN:
Ses
s.
No.
1

C
O

Topic (s)

TeachingLearning
Methods

Evaluation
Componen
ts

Chalk and Talk

Test 1

Chalk and Talk

Test 1

Chalk and Talk

Test 1
Test 1

Introduction, Course plan and pattern of delivery etc.,

Identify the different types of elements of an optical
fiber, Fiber models
Transmission link, Advantages of optical fibers
Ray theory transmission: Total internal reflection
Acceptance angle, numerical aperture, skew rays

Fiber types: Step Index, Graded Index

Chalk and Talk

Single mode fibers, multi mode fibers

Chalk and Talk

phase velocity and group velocity

CO
I

Test 1

Chalk and Talk

Test 1

Attenuation, material absorption losses

Chalk and Talk

Test 2

Scattering and bending losses

Chalk and Talk

Test 2

Dispersion in: Inter model, Intra model

Chalk and Talk

Test 2

10

Polarization non linear phenomena

Chalk and Talk

Test 2

11

Chalk and Talk

Test 2

12

optical fiber connections-fiber alignment and joint

loss, fiber splices
fiber connectors- expanded beam connectors

Chalk and Talk

Test 3

13

Chalk and Talk

Test 3

14

Chalk and Talk

Test 3

15

Chalk and Talk

Test 3

16

Chalk and Talk

Test 3

17

Chalk and Talk

Test 3

Chalk and Talk

SEE

fiber couplers
optical sources: light emitting diode-structures,
surface emitter and diode-edge emitter LEDS
LASER Diode structure
optical detectors: PIN photo detectors
Optical photo detectors: Avalanche photo diode
photo detector noise, noise sources
Signal to noise ratio and detector response time
Fundamental receiver operation and preamplifier
error sources-receiver configuration
Fiber attenuation measurement, Fiber dispersion
measurement
Fiber refractive index profile measurement, Fiber
cutoff wavelength measurements, Fiber numerical
aperture, diameter measurements

18

19

Broadcast and select WDM networks

Chalk and Talk

SEE

20

Wavelength routed networks

Chalk and Talk

SEE

21

Nonlinear effects on network performance

Chalk and Talk

SEE

22

Chalk and Talk

SEE

23

Performance of WDM System

Performance of EDFA System
Optical CDMA ,

Chalk and Talk

SEE

24

Ultra High Capacity Networks

Chalk and Talk

SEE

Session wise Teaching Learning Plan

Session Number: 1
Session Outcome:
1. Demonstrate the optical communication and its historical development
2. Identify the different types of elements of an optical fiber
Time(mi
Teaching

Topic
BTL
n)
Method
10
Introduction-Basic concept of optical communication
10
Course rationale and objectives
Level
10
Introduction to optical fiber communications
Chalk and Talk
1
Identify the different types of elements of an optical
Level
20
Chalk and Talk
fiber
1
10
Discussion
Level
30
Explanation to optical fiber models
Chalk and Talk
1
05
Conclusion and summary
Session Number: 2
Session Outcome:
1. Explain transmission link
2. Demonstrate ray theory transmission

Learning

Time(mi
n)
05

Topic

BTL

Teaching
Method

Level
1

Chalk and Talk

10

Recap on session 1
Explanation of transmission link, Advantages of optical
fibers
Applications of optical fiber

30

Ray theory transmission: Total internal reflection

Level
1

Chalk and Talk

10
10

Discussion
Conclusion and summary

30

Session Number: 3
Session Outcome:
1. Demonstrate Numerical Aperture
2. Explain acceptance angle
Time(mi
Topic
n)
05
Recap on session 2
30

Introduction to Acceptance angle, Numerical aperture

10

Discussion

30

Introduction to Skew rays

10
10

Discussion
Conclusion and summary

Session Number: 4
Session Outcome:
1. Know the fiber types: step index & graded index
Time(mi
Topic
n)
05
Recap on session 3
30

Know the fiber type: Step Index

10

Problems on step index

30

Know the fiber type: Graded Index

10
10

Problems on graded index

Conclusion and summary

Session Number: 5
Session Outcome:
1. Understand the concept of single mode fibers
2. Understand the concept of multimode fibers
Time(mi
Topic
n)
05
Recap on session 4
30

Understand the concept of single mode fibers

10

Discussion on single mode fibers

30

Understand the concept of multimode fibers

10

Discussion on multimode fibers

Learning

quiz

BTL

Teaching
Method

Level
1

Chalk and Talk

Learning

quiz
Level
1

Chalk and Talk

quiz

BTL

Teaching
Method

Level
1

Chalk and Talk

Learning

Problem solving
Level
1

Chalk and Talk

Problem solving

BTL

Teaching
Method

Level
1

Chalk and Talk

One minute paper

Level
1

Chalk and Talk

One minute paper

Learning

10

Conclusion and summary

Session Number: 6
Session Outcome:
1. Understand the concept of Phase Velocity
2. Understand the concept of Group Velocity
Time(mi
Topic
n)
05
Recap on session 5
30

Understand the concept of phase velocity

10

Discussion on phase velocity

30

Understand the concept of group velocity

10
10

Discussion on group velocity

Conclusion and summary

Session Number: 7
Session Outcome:
1. Understand the concept of Attenuation
2. Understand the concept of Absorption
Time(mi
Topic
n)
05
Recap on session 6
30

Understand the concept of Attenuation

10

Discussion on Attenuation

30

Understand the concept of Absorption

10
10

Discussion on Absorption
Conclusion and summary

Session Number: 8
Session Outcome:
1. Understand the concept of scattering
2. Understand the concept of solving bending loss
Time(mi
Topic
n)
05
Recap on session 7
30

Understand the concept of scattering

10

Discussion on scattering

30

Know the bending losses in fibers

10
10

Examples
Conclusion and summary

BTL

Teaching
Method

Level
1

Chalk and Talk

Learning

One minute paper

Level
1

Chalk and Talk

One minute paper

BTL

Teaching
Method

Level
1

Chalk and Talk

Learning

One minute paper

Level
1

Chalk and Talk

One minute paper

BTL

Teaching
Method

Level
1

Chalk and Talk

Learning

One minute paper

Level
1

Session Number: 9
Session Outcome:
1. Analyze the concept of Dispersion in: Inter model & Intra model
2. Differentiate Intra and Intra model
Time(mi
Topic
BTL
n)
05
Recap on session 8

Chalk and Talk

Teaching
Method

Learning

30

Understand the concept of Dispersion in: Inter model

10

Problems on Dispersion in :Inter model

30

Understand the concept of Dispersion in: Intra model

10
10

Comparison between inter and intra model

Conclusion and summary

Session Number: 10
Session Outcome:
1. Analyze the concept of polarization mode dispersion
2. Analyze the concept of nonlinear phenomena in polarization
Time(mi
Topic
n)
05
Recap on session 9
Understand the concept of polarization mode
30
dispersion
10
Problems on dispersion
Analyze the concept of nonlinear phenomena in
30
polarization
10
Discussion on nonlinear effects
10
Conclusion and summary
Session Number: 11
Session Outcome:
1. Explain in detail about fiber alignment and joint loss
2. Analyze the concept of fiber splices
Time(mi
Topic
n)
05
Recap on session 10
Introduction to optical fiber connections, explanation on
30
fiber alignment and joint loss
10
Discussion on single and multi mode fiber joints
30

Analyze the concept of fiber splices

10
10

Problems on joint loss

Conclusion and summary

Level
1
Level
1

Chalk and Talk

BTL

Teaching
Method

Level
1

Chalk and Talk

BTL

Teaching
Method

Level
1

Chalk and Talk

Level
1

Learning

Chalk and Talk, Problem

Solving
Problem solving

Level
1

Session Number: 12
Session Outcome:
1. Explain in detail about fiber connectors
2. Differentiate between expanded connectors and normal connectors
Time(mi
Topic
BTL
n)
05
Recap on session 11
Level
30
Introduction to optical fiber connectors
1
10
Discussion on types of connectors
Level
30
Explanation about expanded beam connectors
1
10
Discussion on types of connectors
10
Conclusion and summary
Session Number: 13
Session Outcome:

Chalk and Talk, Problem

Solving
Problem solving

Learning

Chalk and Talk, Problem

Solving
Problem solving

Teaching
Method

Chalk and Talk

quiz
Chalk and Talk
quiz

Learning

1. Understand the concept of fiber couplers

2. Know LEDS Structure-Surface and Edge emitter LEDS
Time(mi
Topic
n)
05
Recap on session 12
30

Understand the concept fiber couplers

10

Discussion on types of couplers

Introduction to optical sources: light emitting diodestructures, edge emitter LEDS
Comparison between surface and edge emitter LEDS
Conclusion and summary

30
10
10

Session Number: 14
Session Outcome:
1. Analyze the concept of LASER Diode structure
2. Define quantum efficiency
Time(mi
Topic
n)
05
Recap on session 13
Understand the concept of mono and hetero structures
30
Analyze the concept of LASER Diode structure
Discussion on quantum efficiency
10
Comparison of LED and ILD
30

Introduction to optical detectors: PIN photo detectors

10
10

Discussion on photo detectors

Conclusion and summary

Session Number: 15
Session Outcome:
1. Analyze Avalanche photo diode
2. Illustrate photo detector noise and noise sources
Time(mi
Topic
n)
05
Recap on session 14
30

Optical photo detectors: Avalanche photo diode

10

Comparison of performance-photo detectors

Know the concept of photo detector noise, noise
sources
Problems on photo detector noise, noise sources
Conclusion and summary

30
10
10

Session Number: 16
Session Outcome:
1. Know the concept of photo detector noise & noise sources
2. Demonstrate receiver operation
Time(mi
Topic
n)
05
Recap on session 15
30

Signal to noise ratio and detector response time

10

Problems on signal to noise ratio and detector

response time

30

Fundamental receiver operation and preamplifier

10

Discussion on preamplifiers

BTL
Level
2

Teaching
Method

Learning

Chalk and Talk

One minute paper

Level
2

Chalk and Talk

BTL

Teaching
Method

Level
2

Chalk and Talk

Learning

One minute paper

Level
2

Chalk and Talk

One minute paper

BTL

Teaching
Method

Level
2

Chalk and Talk, Problem

solving

Level
2

Chalk and Talk, Problem

solving
Problem solving

Learning

BTL

Teaching
Method

Level
2

Chalk and Talk, Problem

solving
Problem solving

Level
2

Chalk and Talk

Learning

10

Conclusion and summary

Session Number: 17
Session Outcome:
1. Demonstrate error sources
2. Determine types of fiber dispersion measurement
Time(mi
Topic
n)
05
Recap on session 16
Know the concept of error sources-receiver
30
configuration
10
Discussion on probability of error and quantum limit
Fiber attenuation measurement, Fiber dispersion
30
measurement
10
Discussion on fiber attenuation, dispersion types
10
Conclusion and summary

BTL

Teaching
Method

Level
2

Chalk and Talk

Learning

One minute paper

Level
2

Chalk and Talk

One minute paper

Session Number: 18
Session Outcome:
1. Demonstrate various types of fiber refractive index profile measurement
2. Determine fiber numerical aperture measurements
Time(mi
Teaching

Learning
Topic
BTL
n)
Method
05
Recap on session 17
Level
30
Fiber refractive index profile measurement
Chalk and Talk
2
10
Discussion on fiber refractive profile types
One minute paper
Fiber cutoff wavelength measurement, Fiber numerical
Level
30
Chalk and Talk
aperture, diameter measurements
2
Discussion on types of cutoff wavelength
10
One minute paper
measurements, diameter measurements
10
Conclusion and summary
Session Number: 19
Session Outcome:
1. Explain in detail about SONET/SDH
2. Analyze Broadcast and select WDM Networks
Time(mi
Topic
n)
05
Recap on session 18
30

Introduction to Basic networks: SONET/SDH

10

Discussion on SONET/SDH

30

Broadcast and select WDM networks

10
10

Discussion on WDM networks

Conclusion and summary

Session Number: 20
Session Outcome:
1. Demonstrate wavelength routed networks
2. Summarize different types of networks
Time(mi
Topic
n)
05
Recap on session 19
30

Wavelength routed networks

BTL

Teaching
Method

Level
2

Chalk and Talk

Learning

quiz
Level
2

Chalk and Talk

quiz

BTL

Teaching
Method

Level
2

Chalk and Talk

Learning

10

Examples of Wavelength routed networks

30

Wavelength routed networks

10
10

Discussion Wavelength routed networks

Conclusion and summary

Session Number: 21
Session Outcome:
1. Illustrate factors that affect the performance of the networks
2. Understand the nonlinear effects on network performance
Time(mi
Topic
n)
05
Recap on session 20
30

Nonlinear effects on network performance

10

Examples of Nonlinear effects

30

Nonlinear effects on network performance

10
10

Discussion on nonlinear effects

Conclusion and summary

Session Number: 22
Session Outcome:
1. Analyze performance of WDM
2. Analyze performance of EFDA
Time(mi
Topic
n)
05
Recap on session 21
30

Performance of WDM System

10

Discussion on WDM system

30

Performance of EDFA System

10
10

Discussion on performance of WDM+EDFA System

Conclusion and summary

Session Number: 23
Session Outcome:
1. Explain in detail about Optical CDMA
2. Discuss various types of optical CDMA
Time(mi
Topic
n)
05
Recap on session 22
30

Optical CDMA

10

Discussion

30

Types of optical CDMA

10
10

Discussion on optical CDMA with examples

Conclusion and summary

Session Number: 24
Session Outcome:

One minute paper

Level
2

Chalk and Talk

One minute paper

BTL

Teaching
Method

Level
2

Chalk and Talk

Learning

One minute paper

Level
2

Chalk and Talk

One minute paper

BTL

Teaching
Method

Level
2

Chalk and Talk

Learning

One minute paper

Level
2

Chalk and Talk

One minute paper

BTL

Teaching
Method

Level
2

Chalk and Talk

quiz

Level
2

Chalk and Talk

quiz

Learning

1. Demonstrate Ultra high capacity networks

2. Summarize ultra high capacity networks
Time(mi
Topic
n)
05
Recap on session 23
30

Ultra High Capacity Networks

10
20
20

Discussion
Revision
Overall syllabus conclusion and summary

BTL

Teaching
Method

Level
2

Chalk and Talk

Learning

One minute paper

EVALUATION PLAN:
Evaluatio
n
Compone
nt
COI
Number

Weighta
ge/Mark
s

BTL
Test 1

Weightag
e (10 %)
Max
Marks
(30)

Dat
e

Duratio
n
(Hours)

CO 1

CO 2

CO 3

CO 4

15

15

Test 2

Test 3

Active
Learning

Attendan
ce

Semeste
r End
Exam

Weightag
e (10 %)
Max
Marks
(30)
Weightag
e (10 %)
Max
Marks
(30)
Weightag
e (5%)
Max
Marks
(25)
Weightag
e (5%)

15

15
5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

15
0.5

5
15
0.5

1.0

1.0

Equal weightage for all the lecture sessions (5%)

Weightag
e (60%)
Max
Marks(60
)
Question
Number

12

12

12

12

Course Team members, Chamber Consultation Hours and Chamber Venue details:
S.No

Name of Faculty

N Durga Indira

C.Sreevardhan

Chamber
Consultation
Day(s)

Chamber
Consultation
Timings for
each day
All working days
1PM-2PM
(Proposed)
All working days

1PM-2PM
(Proposed)

Chamber
Consultatio
n Room No:

Signature
of Course
faculty

C 105
C 106

Signature of COURSE COORDINATOR:

Recommended by HEAD OF DEPARTMENT:

Approved By: DEANACADEMICS
(Sign with Office Seal)