Lesson plan on Motivation

General Information:
Name of the teacher: Binal
Joshi
Course
Unit
Topic
Group of students
No. of students in group
Date
Time
Venue
Previous knowledge of the
group
Teaching method
Audio-Visual Aids

Management of nursing services and

education
Unit 4
Motivation
Seven semester students
60
1 Hour
Classroom

Lecture cum discussion

Black board, PPT, Hand out, Video

Central Objective
:
After completion of the class students will be
able to gain knowledge and understanding about
Motivation in detail.
Specific objectives: After completion of the topic students will be able to
1. To
2. To
3. To
4. To
5. To
6. To
7. To
8. To
9. To
10.

introduce the term Motivation.

define the term Motivation.
discuss nature and enlist characteristics of motivation
classify motivation.
describe Mc cellands Need for Achievement theory of Motivation.
describe Maslows Need Hierarchy theory of motivation
discuss Herzbergs Theory of motivation
relate Victor vrooms Expectancy theory of motivation
identify methods of motivating the people
To determine factors response to motivation.

Specifi

Lesson Plan on Motivation

Content
Page 1

Ti

Teach

Evalua

r.
c
N Objecti
ve
o
.
1. To
Introduction:
introduc
Motivation is a Latin world,
e the
term
meaning to move Human motives
Motivati
are
internalized
goals
within
on.
individuals. Motivation encompasses

m
e
(M
in.
)
3

ingLearn
ing
activi
ties
Teach
er
verbal
ly
explai
ns the
conce
pt of
Motiv
ation
with
use of
chalk
board

Teach
er
verbal
ly
explai
ns the
dimen
sions
with
use of
chalk
board

all those pressures and influences that

trigger, channel and sustain human
behavior. People are complex and
they

are

uniquely

different.

Most

successful mangers have learned to

understand the concept of human

tion

What
do you
mean
by
interper
sonal
relation
?

motivation and are able to use that

understanding
standards

of

to

achieve

subordinate

higher
work

performance.
2. To
define
the
term
Motivati
on

DEFINITION:The Act of stimulating someone

or oneself to get a desired course
of action.
(Michael.J. Juices 2005).
Motivation is the work a manger
performs to inspire, encourage
and impel people to take required
action.
(Lewis Allen,
2005)

Lesson Plan on Motivation

Page 2

What
do you
mean
by
dyad?

According to Dubin:Motivation is the complex of

forces starting and keeping a person
at work in an organization. To put it
generally,

motivation

maintains

an

prescribed

starts

activity

line.

and

along

Motivation

a
is

something that moves the person to

action.
3. To
discuss
nature
and
enlist
charact
eristics
of
motivati
on

NATURE

AND

CHARACTERISTICS 8

OF MOTIVATION:The

process

of

motivation

is

characterized by the following.

1) Motivation

is

an

internal

feeling:Motivation is a psychological
pheneirnenon which generates
in the mind of an individual the
feeling that he lacks certain
thing and needs those things.
2) Motivation

is

related

to

needs:In order to motivate a person,

he

have

to

understand

is

needed that call for satisfaction.

3) Motivation produces goal
directed behavior:Goals are anything which will
alleviate a need and reduces a
drive.
Lesson Plan on Motivation

An

Individuals
Page 3

Teach
er
verbal
ly
explai
ns the
natur
e with
use
power
point
with
exam
ple.

What
are the
charact
eristics
of
motivati
on?

behaviors is directed towards a

goal.
4) Motivation can be either
positive or negative:Positive or incentive motivation
is

generally

According

based

on

Flippo

to

reward.
positive

motivation is a process of attempting

to influence others to do your will
through the possibility of gain or
reward
TYPES OF MOTIVATION:-

4. To
5
classify There are mainly two types of
motivati
motivation:on.
1) Positive
or
Incentive
Motivation.
2) Negative or fear Motivation
1)

Positive

or

Incentive

Motivation:This of motivation is generally

based on record A positive motivation
involves the possibility of increased
motive satisfaction.
Positive motivation include:

Praise and credit for work done

Wages and salaries

Appreciation

sincere

interest

in

subordinates as individuals

Delegation

Lesson Plan on Motivation

of

authority
Page 4

and

Teach
er
verbal
ly
explai
ns the
types
of
Motiv
ation
with
use of
chalk
board.

What
are the
types of
motivati
on?

responsibility
2) Negative or Fear motivation:This type of motivation is based
on force and fear causes persons to
act in a certain way because they fear
the

consequences.

Negative

motivation involves the possibility of

decreased motive satisfaction. It is a
Push mechanism.
Mc
cellands

5. To
describ
e

for 5

Achievement theory:

Mc

1) Mc Gregorys Theory X and

celland
s

Need

Theory:-

Need

manager

in

managing

for

subordinates

Achieve

dependent upon his assumption

ment

about human behavior

theory

of

Assumption about human behavior

Motivati

- Theory Y is positive Participatory

on.

and democratic

Theory

is

his

basically

is

Negative

* Theory X: - this is the traditional

theory

of

human

behavior

which

makes the following assumptions:1) Management is responsible it is

organizing the elements.
2) With reference to people it is a
process

of

motivating

directing
them,

their

efforts,

controlling

their

actions,
3)

People

Lesson Plan on Motivation

must

be

persuaded,

Page 5

Teach
er
verbal
ly
explai
ns the
theor
y with
use of
Hand
out

What
did you
underst
and by
theory x
and
thery y?

rewarded,

punished

and

properly

directed
4) The average human being has an
internet dislike of work and will avoid
it if he can
5) He is by nature resistant to change
Theory Y: - The assumption of theory
Y, According to Mc gregor are as
follows:1) work is as natural as play or
rest, provided the conditions are
favorable
2) Man can exercise self control
and self direction in the services
of

objectives

to

which

is

committed
3) Commitment to objectives is a
result of the rewards associated
with their achievement.
4) The

average

human

being,

under proper conditions does

not shirk responsibility but learn
only to accept responsibility but
also to seek it.
5) Under

conditions

industrial

life

of

the

modern

intellectual

potentialies of people are only

partially utilized.
6. To
describ

2)

Maslows

Need

Hierarchy 7

theory of motivation

Lesson Plan on Motivation

Page 6

Teach
er

What
did you

According to Abraham Maslow, a

Maslow

U.S Psychologist, man is a wanting

Need animal. He has variety of wants or

needs. All motivated behavior of man

Hierarc

is directed towards the satisfaction of

hy

his needs. The theory postulated that

theory

people

of

needs, which could be arranged in a

are motivated by

multiple

motivati hierarchy
on

Maslow offers a general theory of

of

motivation called the need hierarchy

Motivati

theory

on.

The features of his theory are as

fallows:1) People have a wide range of
needs which motivate them to
strive for fulfillment.
2) Human needs can be definitely
categorized into five types:

Physical needs

Safety or security needs

Affiliation or social needs.

Esteem needs and

Self actualization needs

3) These needs can be arranged

into a hierarchy. Physical needs
are at the base whereas self
actualization needs are at apex.
4) People

gratify

their

physical

needs first, when the need is

Lesson Plan on Motivation

Page 7

verbal
ly
explai
ns the
theor
y with
use of
Hand
out

underst
and by
Maslow
s Need

satisfied, they feel the urge for

the next higher level need.
5) Relative satisfaction of lower
level

need

is

necessary

to

activate the next higher level

need.
6) A.

satisfied

motivate

need

human

does

not

behavior.

It

only triggers or activates the

urge for the next higher level
needs.
Deficit

and

progression

principles:In order to comprehend the full

meaning of Maslows theory it is
necessary to understand the deficit
and progression principles.
Deficit principle:According to maslow once a
need is fairly well satisfied it is no
longer

stronger

motivator

of

behavior. People are motivated to

satisfy only those needs that are
perceived to be deficient.
Progression principle:Maslow contends that the five
categories

of

needs

exist

in

hierarchy. A need at a given level is

not activated until the need directly it
is fairly well gratified.
Lesson Plan on Motivation

Page 8

The need hierarchy theory must

not be veined as a rigid structure to
7. To
discuss

be applied universally in all situations.

3)
Herzbergs
Theory
of 7
motivation:-

Herzber

Hertzberg developed a theory of

gs

motivation on the premise that human

Theory

nature has two separate elements

of

a) The maintenance factors or

motivati
on

hygiene factors
b) The motivators
a) Hygiene

factors:-

(Maintenance

factors)
Hygiene factors represent the need
to avoid pain in the environment.
They are not an intrinsic part of a
job, but they are relating to the
condition

under

which

job

is

performed. They are associated with

negative feelings. They must be
viewed as preventive measures that
remove

dissatisfaction

from

environment.
Hertzberg believed that hygiene
factors

created

motivation

and

zero

level

of

if

maintained

at

proper level presents negative type

of motivation from occurring.
Thus

hygiene

factors,

when

absent, increase dissatisfaction with

the

job,

Lesson Plan on Motivation

when

present,
Page 9

help

in

Teach
er
verbal
ly
explai
ns the
theor
y with
use of
Hand
out

Explain
Hertzbe
rg
theory
of
motivat
on.

preventing dissatisfaction but do not

increase satisfaction or motivation.
b)

Motivators:-Motivators

are

associated with positive feelings of

employees about the job. They make
people satisfied with their job.
Motivators are necessary to keep job
satisfaction and job performance high.
On the other hand if they are not
present they do not prove highly
satisfying

motivational

factors

or

satisfiers are directly related to job

content

it

self,

the

individuals

performance of it, its responsibilities

and

the

obtained

growth
from

it,

and

recognition

motivators

are

motivators

are

intrinsic to the job.

These,

when

absent, prevent both satisfaction and

motivation.
To apply the two factors theory
to the work place, Hertzberg suggests
a two step process.
i.

The supervisor should attempt

to eliminate the hygiene factors
that are found to be more basic
than

factors

that

lead

to

satisfaction.
ii.

nce the dissatisfies have been

some

what

supervisor
Lesson Plan on Motivation

neutralized

may

be

Page 10

able

the
to

motivate workers through the

introduction

of

motivational

factors.
8. To
relate

Victor

vrooms

Expectancy 8

theory:-

Victor

Expectancy

theory

was

vrooms

developed by victor H vroom It is

Expecta

based on the notion that human

ncy

behavior

theory

expectations concerning their ability

of

to

depends

perform

tasks

on
and

peoples
to

receive

motivati desired rewards.

on

The expectancy theory argues

that the strength of a tendency to act
in a certain way depends in the
strength of an expectation that the
act

will

be

followed

by

given

outcome and on the attractiveness of

the outcome to the individual. It
includes.
Three variables which vroom refers to
as:I. Valance:

strength
preference

Valence
of
for

means

an
a

the

individual
particular

outcome. A valence of zero occurs

when the individual is indifferent
towards the outcome.
II. Instrumentality:Instrumentality
Lesson Plan on Motivation

refers
Page 11

to

the

Teach
er
verbal
ly
explai
ns the
theor
y with
use of
Hand
out

What
do you
underst
and by
Valance
?

relationship

between

performance and reward. It refers

to a degree to which a first level
outcome.

(E.g.

performance)

will

superior

lead

to

desired second level outcome

(E.g.

promotion)

if

people

perceive that their performance

is

adequately

rewarded

the

perceived instrumentality will be

positive on the other hand, if
they

perceive

performance
rewarded

that

their

is

adequately

the

perceived

instrumentality will be positive.

On

the

other

hand,

if

they

perceive that performance does

not make any difference to their
rewards, the instrumentality will
be low.
III.

Expectancy:-

People

have

expectancies about the likelihood that

an action or effort on their part will
lead to the intended performance
workers will be motivated by the
belief

that

their

performance

will

ultimately lead to pay offs for them.

Expectancy is the probability that a
particular

action

will

lead

particular first level outcome.

Lesson Plan on Motivation

Page 12

to

9. To
identify
method
s of
motivati
ng the
people

METHODS

OF

MOTIVATING 3

PEOPLE:Several factors influence human

behavior. There are numerous drives
and needs which can act as good
motivators moving people to work and
getting things through them as per
the

plan.

People

respond

to

physiological needs, social needs and

egoistic needs.
There

are

three

types

of

motivation programmers to improve a

persons behavior towards his job.

Teach
er
verbal
ly
explai
ns the
meth
ods of
motiv
ating
peopl
e
with
use of
power
point

How
many
motivati
on
progra
mmes
are
there?
what
are
they?

Teach
er
verbal
ly
explai
ns the
factor
s
detrm
ining
respo
nse
with
use of
power
point

What
are the
factors
determi
ning
respons
e to
motivati
on?

These are:1) Pay incentive plans

2) Job enrichment
3) Management by objectives
Factors Determining Response to 3

10.To
determi motivation:ne
There are four important factors
factors
respons governing employee response to the
e to
measures of motivation.
motivati
The intensity or urge of the
on.
Drive

Past experience can be rely

upon the promises given by
the boss

Amount of ward --the quantity

and quality of the reward can
influence the amount of extra
effort

Lesson Plan on Motivation

put

forth
Page 13

by

the

employee

Time relationship of response

to

reward--

long

range

promises are less effective

than immediate fulfillment.

Assignment to the students

:
Write an assignment on
Importance of motivation in
nursing

Date of Submission

Bibliography

1 BT Basavanthappa,Nursing Administration, first edition,jaypee

brothers,Kundli,2008.
2 Deepak

k.,A

Comprehensive

Textbook

On

Nursing

Management, first edition, Vinay Printers,Banglore:2013.

3 Mary

Lucita,Nursing

Practice

and

PublicHealthAdministration,Secondedition,ELSEVIER,New
Delhi:2007
4 NeelamKumari,A textbook Of Management of Nursing Services
and Education ,First edition, P V Books:2011.(as per INC
Syllabus)
5 NeelamKumari,A textbook Of Management of Nursing Services
and Education ,First edition, P V Books:2011.
6 Patricia Kelly, Leadership and Management in Nursing First
edition, DELMAR CENGAGE learning,Australia:2008.
Lesson Plan on Motivation

Page 14

7 SwinderKaur,A Professional Adjustment ward Management and

Trends

in

Nursing,Second

edition,

Lotus

publishers,

Jalandhar::2011.
8

ShabnamMasih, Nursing Managemnet-In Service And Education

first edition, Lotus publishers,Jalandhar::2011

Lesson Plan on Motivation

Page 15