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REPRODUCTIVE
BIOLOGY OF
MITES
SUBSCRIPTIONS
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The other step is the reproductive stage, and only during this
time may increase mite population. This occurs only in the
brood cells of workers and drones. 's to expensive mature female
bee engage when they emerge from the cell. The varroa mite
invades a host cell just before the cell is capped. Once inside,
hidden in the larval food in a prone position (view from the top
of the cell). mites have special appendages called "peretrimes"
(essentially as snorkels) that help you breathe when it introduced
into the larval food. Shortly after the larva inside a cocoon
built and then will become a prepupa. mite not be fed to about
five hours after the larva completes its cocoon and put the first
egg 7 0 hours after operculado cell. The first egg is not fertilized
and becomes a male. , this mechanism the same as in the bees,
since both species have what is called the mechanism
"haplodiploidy" sex determination, so that the males are haploid
(which has no parent) and females are diploid (with both
parents). Thereafter, approximately every thirty hours, the
female mite lays an egg. mite If the mother is not properly
fertilized, then the offspring will be male only when emerge. to a
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Varroa has "faecal sites" in the cell, where they deposit their
feces, which are white in color due to a high concentration (~
95%) of guanine. For some unknown reason, any mite defecates
in the pupa is directly sterile.
Methods for studying mite reproduction
There are two methods for the study of mite reproduction. A
method is simply uncover worker cells or drone in the colonies
and the percentage of mites that reproduce (fertility), or the
number of offspring (fecundity) is determined mites. This
method provides information about what happens in the wild,
but the information obtained is limited because it is not
controlled or manipulated. Another method is to perform
manipulations, either mites, then artificially introduced mites in
cells and waiting 9-10 days to determine fertility and
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1).
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(21.7%), and
3.17 ,
4 * (1 to 0,217) =
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"SMR"
"VSH" (hygienic
behavior),
VSH can
be considered a special
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were
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the
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Effect of humidity
Kraus and Velthuis (1997) wondered why varroa mites were
not such a big problem in the tropics (besides the fact that most
of the bees were from Africa), and tested in the laboratory to
see if moisture high relative inhibit mite reproduction.
individual mites were transferred into fresh artificial
operculadas cells, and after raising an incubator maintained.
When the relative humidity was set at 59-68%, average 53%
of the mites was (N = 174 mites) of offspring; under 79-85%
relative humidity, only 2% (N = 127) were reproduced mites.
The difference in mite fertility was highly significant. With
75% (instead of 50%), very few mites reproduce , with 80%
moisture varroa mite population will never increase to a harmful
level.
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Abstract
In summary, many factors can affect mite reproduction. These
range from the host reproductive rate (drone, worker or queen),
the cell size, the age of the larvae, the phoretic phase, relative
humidity, or even the movement of the combs. The more we
understand about how the reproduction of mites, the easier it
will be for us regulating find a way to interrupt the
reproduction of mites without harming the bees. The trick is
that the method must be easy and economical. Therefore, the
"basic research" on the reproductive biology of the mites will
eventually become useful for beekeepers, as it may one day
provide a new method for mite control.
Zachary Huang,
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