PROJECT DESIGN PHASE REPORT, OCTOBER 2016

GLASS TOUCH

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
G-Touch or Glass Touch is new innovative idea. It can convert a transparent glass in
to touch pad. Glass touch screen technology is the perfect solution to make our
projection screens as interactive touch screens, creating a through window touch
experience. Project or is connected to the PC in which application is controlled. The
application is designed to receive position values processed by the FPGA. FPGA
capture the screen through a camera and detects the positions where there appears.
The FPGA transmits the data through an UART module to PC according to the value
the next screen will be displayed.

1.1 HISTORY OF TOUCH SCREENS

Multitouch technology began in 1982 was the first human input multi touch
system , using frosted glass panel with a camera placed behind the glass. Until 1988
touch screens had the bad reputation of being imprecise. Most user interface books
states that touch screens selection is limited to targets larger than average finger.
Touch screens would not popularly used for video games until 2004. Until recently,
most consumer touch screens could only sense one point of contact at a time, and few
have the capability to sense how hard one is touching. This has changed with the
commercialization of multi-touch technology.

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CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
Touch screens are becoming more and more prevalent, we are using them almost
everywhere, including tablets, mobile phones, PC displays, ATM machines and so on.
Well-designed multi touch interaction is required to achieve better user experience, so
it has gained great attention. This firstly introduces early researches on this area and
then focuses on current researches of multi touch and gesture.
Three dimensional cinemas are already well known, although we have to wear
glasses to get three dimensional experiences. 3D displays are able to create three
dimensional images of computer graphics, but they fail in offering one or more visual
simulations of three dimensionality. Holographic display makes it possible to create
the realistic three dimensional images of computer graphics with attributes of three
dimensionality. Here through this project we are incorporating glass touch pad with
holographic technology.

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CHAPTER 3
SYSTEM OVERVIEW

A glass touch screen is an input device normally layered on the top of an electronic
virtual display of an information processing system..

Fig 3.1: block diagram

The main components used are:

Camera

Touch Screen or Display FPGA board

PC and a video projector

A user give input or control the information processing system through
simple or multi-touch gestures by touching a special stylus or pen or one or
more fingers. The user can use the touch screen to react to what is

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displayed and to control how it is displayed and control how it is

displayed. A camera is interfaced with the FPGA board. The touch on the
screen will create a red portion on the frame and it becomes white colour if
the touch exceeds the threshold. The corresponding pixels thus created are
captured by the camera. This camera which is interfaced with the FPGA
board consists of a UART module which provides asynchronous
communication with external devices such as modems, computers etc. The
touch screen enables the user to interact directly with what is displayed
rather than using a mouse touchpad or any other intermediate device.

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CHAPTER 4
PROPOSED MODEL

Fig 4.1: Working model

G-touch is able to provide complete product line, it is ideally suited for both
automobile market and popular consumer market applications such as smart phones,
GPS navigation systems, digital photo frames, and tablet PCs. The development of
interactive touch products not only makes product operation easier, but also
emphasizes the feeling of interactive communication for the consumers.

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DISPLAY
A transparent screen is a display technology (Holographic) that uses coated
glass media for the projection surface of a video projector. Holographic"
refers to the coating that bundles light using formed micro lenses. The lens
design and attributes match the holographic area. The lenses may appear
similar to the Fresnel lenses used in overhead projector. There sulting
effect is that of a free-space display, because the image carrier appears
very transparent. It is unclear if such a technology will be able to provide
acceptable three-dimensional images in the future.

FPGA
A Field- programmable gate array (FPGA) is an integrated circuit designed
to be configured by a customer or a designer after manufacturinghence
"field programmable". The FPGA configuration is generally specified
using a hardware description language (HDL), similar to that used for an
application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) (circuit diagrams were
previously used to specify the configuration, as they were for ASICs, but
this is increasingly rare). Contemporary FPGAs have large resources of
logic gates and RAM blocks to implement complex digital computations.
As FPGA designs employ very fast I/Os and bidirectional data buses it
becomes a challenge to verify correct timing of valid data within setup
time and hold time. Floor planning enables resources location within
FPGA to meet these time constraints. FPGAs can be used to implement
any logical function that an ASIC could perform.
UART implementation in FPGA
The UART (universal asynchronous receiver and transmitter) module provides
asynchronous serial communication with external devices such as modems and other
computers. The UART can be used to control the process of breaking parallel data
from the PC down into serial data that can be transmitted and vice versa for receiving

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data. The UART allows the devices to communicate without the need to be
synchronized. The UART consists of one receiver module and one transmitter module.
Since the data stream has no clock, data recovery depends on the transmitting device
and the receiving device operating at the same bit rate. The UART receiver is
responsible for the synchronization of the serial data stream and the recovery of data
characters. The UART system can tolerate a moderate amount of system noise without
losing any information. VHDL can be used for the behavioural level design
implementation of a digital UART and it offers several advantages. VHDL allows us
to describe the function of the transmitter in a more behavioural manner, rather than
focus on its actual implementation at the gate level. VHDL makes the design
implementation easier to read and understand, they also provide the ability to easily
describe dependencies between various processes that usually occur in such complex
event-driven systems. It is easier to test the UART by the VHDL simulation and find
out if any discrepancy occurs.

CAMERA
C3088 camera is used here, where C3088 is a low cost solution for higher quality
video image application.

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CHAPTER 5
DESIGN FLOW
VHDL is a hardware description language. It describes the behaviour of an electronic
circuit or system, from which the physical circuit or system can then be attained
(implemented). VHDL stands for VHSIC Hardware Description Language. VHSIC is
itself an abbreviation for Very High Speed Integrated Circuits, an initiative funded by
the United States Department of Defence in the 1980s that led to the creation of
VHDL. VHDL was the original and first hardware description language to be
standardized by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, through the IEEE
1076 standard. VHDL is intended for circuit synthesis as well as circuit simulation.
However, though VHDL is fully simulatable, not all constructs are synthesizable. We
will give emphasis to those that are. A fundamental motivation to use VHDL is that
VHDL is a standard, technology/vendor independent language, and is therefore
portable and reusable. The two main immediate applications of VHDL are in the field
of Programmable Logic Devices (including CPLDsComplex Programmable Logic
Devices and FPGAsField Programmable Gate Arrays) and in the field of ASICs
(Application Specific Integrated Circuits). Once the VHDL code has been written, it
can be used either to implement the circuit in a programmable device or can be
submitted to a foundry for fabrication of an ASIC chip. Currently, many complex
commercial chips (microcontrollers, for example) are designed using such an
approach. A final note regarding VHDL is that, contrary to regular computer programs
which are sequential, its statements are inherently concurrent (parallel). For that
reason, VHDL is usually referred to as a code rather than a program. In VHDL, only
statements placed inside a PROCESS, FUNCTION, or PROCEDURE are executed
sequentially.

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Fig: 5.1 Design flow

One of the major utilities of VHDL is that it allows the synthesis of a circuit or
system in a programmable device (PLD or FPGA) or in an ASIC. We start the design
by writing the VHDL code, which is saved in a file with the extension .vhd and the
same name as its ENTITYs name. The first step in the synthesis process is
compilation. Compilation is the conversion of the high-level VHDL language, which
describes the circuit at the Register Transfer Level (RTL), into a list at the gate level.
The second step is optimization, which is performed on the gate-level net list for
speed or for area. At this stage, the design can be simulated. Finally, place and-route
(fitter) software will generate the physical layout for a PLD/FPGA chip or will
generate the masks for an ASIC.

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A standalone piece of VHDL code is composed of at least three fundamental sections:

LIBRARY declarations: Contains a list of all libraries to be used in the design.

ENTITY: Specifies the I/O pins of the circuit.

ARCHITECTURE:

Contains the VHDL code proper, which describes how the

Circuit should behave (function).

Fig: 5.2 Basic VHDL code

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CHAPTER 6
CONCLUSION

G-touch or touch screen technology reduces the human efforts. Touching a visual
display of choices requires little thinking and is a form of direct manipulation that is
easy to learn. These are the fastest pointing devices and have easier hand eye
coordination than keyboards. Glass touch screens are durable in public access & in
high volume usage.

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CHAPTER 7
ADVANTAGES

Glass touch screen is more transparent and has excellent weather ability.

It is ideal for semi-outdoor or in vehicle environments.

Capable of multi-touch.

Not affected by dirt or dust

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GLASS TOUCH