ORDRE DES INGNIEURS DU QUBEC

MAY 2015 SESSION

Open-book examination
Calculators : only authorized models
Duration : 3 hours

14-EL-B1 Information Technology Networks

Question 1 (12 points)

A. Using the subnet mask /26, does computers which IP addresses are 132.207.67.13 and
132.207.67.63 belong to the same subnet? Explain your answer. (1 point)
B. Propose some solutions to reduce the delay between two remote routers in an IPv4
network that consists of tens of interconnected routers. (1 point)
C. Explain the characteristics of the IP addresses (length, classes, mask, composition of the
IP address, ...). (1 point)
D. Which transport protocol between TCP or UDP is better for real-time applications?
Explain your answer. (1 point)
E. Explain the differences between RIP and OSPF (1 point)
F. What is packet switching? (1 point)
G. What are the differences between WiFi and Bluetooth? (1 point)
H. Give two examples of computer applications for which connection-oriented service is
appropriate and two examples for which connectionless service is best. (1 point)
I. A network on the Internet has a subnet mask of 255.255.240.0. What is the maximum
number of hosts that it can handle? (1 point)
J. A client sends a 128-byte request to a server located 100 Km away over a 1-gigabit per
second optical fiber. What is the efficiency of the line during the transmission? (1 point)
K. Datagram fragmentation and reassembly are handled by IP and are invisible to TCP. Does
this mean that TCP does not have to worry about data arriving in the wrong order? (1
point)

L. Explain the TCP connection establishment. (1 point)

Question 2 (4 points)
An application client/server use the network depicted at Figure 1. The server sends a packet
(1000 bytes) to the client using OSPF routing protocol. There are two routes Route1 = (R1-R2R3) and Route2 = (R1-R4-R5-R6-R7-R3) for the communication between the client and the
server. Which is the best route for the communication? Explain your answer.
R2
R3
R1
1 Mbps

1 Mbps

1 Gbps

Client

Server
1 Gbps

R4
1 Gbps
1 Gbps

1 Gbps

R5
R6

R7

Figure 1.
Question 3 (4 points)
An application real-time uses the network depicted at Figure 2. The server sends a video to the
client in real-time. To have a good quality of service (QoS), the client must receive 25 images
per second. Suppose that an image is 10 Kbytes and UDP is used. The network cant send a 10
Kbytes packet, so the image will be fragmented is smaller packets. The control information
added to each packet is 100 bytes.
R2

R1
10 Mbps

R3

10 Mbps

100 Mbps

100 Mbps

Client

Server
Figure 2.

a. If the packets size is 1-Kbyte plus 100 bytes control information, is it possible for the server to
send the video? Explain you answer. (2 points)
b. If the packets size is 1-byte plus 100 bytes control information, is it possible for the server to
send the video? Explain you answer. (2 points)