FPMU40: Introduction to Public Health

Tuesday and Thursday, 11:00-12:20, Center

Hall, Rm 109
Instructor: Dr. Cheryl Anderson

Lecture Objectives
By the end of this lecture, you should be able to:
Distinguish between medicine and public health
Explain why heart disease can be both a personal
health problem and a public health problem
Identify four major factors that affect the health of
a community and provide an example of each
Describe major public health events occurring at
different periods from early civilization through
the 21st century

TODAYS AGENDA
Introductions

SEPTEMBER

Course organization
Definitions: public health
and medicine
History of public health

22

FPMU40: Introduction to Public Health

On completion of the course, you will be able to:
Describe the multiple influences on the publics health
Identify sources of data regarding public health metrics
Compute basic indicators of population health
Describe how various organizations contribute to
executing the core functions of public health

FPMU40: Introduction to Public Health

Describe leading causes of morbidity and mortality and
associated prevention activities to reduce disease burden
Describe factors that affect health equity across
socioeconomic status and race/ethnic groups
Demonstrate high standards of personal and
organizational integrity, compassion, honesty and
respect for all people
Describe why effective oral and written skills are needed
for communicating with different audiences about public
health concerns

Introductions
Graduate Teaching Assistants
BSPH Program Director
Chair, Department of Family and
Preventive Medicine
Faculty, School of Medicine

202 University Center, Ste 400

(Gilman Dr. and Rupertus Way)

Contact Information
Course Instructor:
Dr. Anderson, c1anderson@ucsd.edu
Student Affairs Officer:
Josh Tremill, use Virtual Advising Center (VAC)
Dina Rodgers, use Virtual Advising Center
Graduate TAs:
Jessica Hawks, jhawks@ucsd.edu
Haley Ciborowski, hciborow@ucsd.edu
Lorena Pacheco, l2pacheco@ucsd.edu

TODAYS AGENDA
Introductions

SEPTEMBER

Course organization
Definitions: public health
and medicine
History of public health

22

Core Competency Model for UCSD BSPH

Lower Division Sequences in Biology, Quantitative Skills and Social

Sciences are important prerequisites for a quality Public Health major

FPMU40: Covers Key Aspects of Public Health

EXAMPLES OF LECTURE TOPICS
History of Public Health

Global Health

US Health Care System

Delivering Interventions

Core Functions of Public Health Sexually Transmitted Infections

Communication

Maternal and Child Health

Epidemiology and Biostatistics

Injury Prevention

Surveillance

Health Policy

Survey Design

Public Health Emergencies

Needs Assessment

Environmental Health

US Health Care System

Careers in Public Health

Course Assessments
Save the dates:
Midterm exam
Final exam

Grading: no curves or sliding scale

Instant feedback: KQS

Expectations

Timely attendance
Honest use of sources
Respectful attitude
Mobile phones should be turned off or set to vibrate
Obtain missed class information
In-class exercises completed before leaving class
Exams should be completed without assistance
Academic and professional integrity

Tips for Success in FPMU40

Carefully review the syllabus and
understand course expectations
Attend lectures
READ: read before, review after, meet
learning objectives

TODAYS AGENDA
Introductions

SEPTEMBER

Course organization
Definitions: public health
and medicine
History of public health

22

Definition of public health:

Institute of Medicine 1988
the science and art of preventing
disease, prolonging life and promoting
healththrough organized community
effort
Fulfilling societys interest in assuring
conditions in which people can be
healthy

Definition of Public Health:

C.E. Winslow, 1923
the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life
and promoting health and efficiency through organized
community effort for the sanitation of the environment, the
control of communicable infections, the education of the
individual in personal hygiene, the organization of medical
and nursing services for the early diagnosis and preventive
treatment of disease, and for the development of the social
machinery to insure everyone a standard of living adequate
for the maintenance of health, so organizing these benefits
as to enable every citizen to realize her/his birthright of
health and longevity.

What is Public Health?

Public health seeks to improve human
health through the development and
application of knowledge that helps:
promotes health, prevent disease
protect the public from exposure to potential
harm
prevent health care inequalities
at a local, state, national and global level

Top Public Health Achievements

of the 20th Century in the US

Source:* http://www.whatispublichealth.org/impact/achievements.html

What is the difference between

public health and medicine?

Example: Heart Disease

Why Study Public Health?

Address some of the most pressing issues of the 21st
century
Rewarding and service-oriented

Why Study Public Health?

Exciting, growing, dynamic, diverse field
Learn critical thinking and evaluation skills
Receive training that prepares you for:
Public health jobs
Public health graduate programs
Medical school (MCAT 2015) & other health
programs
Other graduate schools (e.g. law, business)

Examples of Careers in Public Health

Epidemiologist
Biostatistician
Physician
Physician Assistant
Health Educator
Medical and Health Service Manager
Environmental Scientist
Registered Nurse
http://career.ucsd.edu/undergraduates/
consider-grad-school/public_health.html

Society

Community

Relationships

Individual

Adapted from: Dahlberg LL, Krug EG. Violence-a global public health problem.
In: Krug E, Dahlberg LL, Mercy JA, Zwi AB, Lozano R, eds. World Report on Violence and Health.
Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2002:1-56
Retrieved from: http://www.cdc.gov/ncipc/dvp/Social-Ecological-Model_DVP.htm

26

 Gene7cs
Gender
Race
Age
Socioeconomic Status
Behaviors
Educa7on
Occupa7on
Ethnicity/Culture
27

 Family
Peers
In7mate Partners
Social Groups
Religious Groups

28

 Neighborhood
Schools
Workplace
Urban vs. Rural

29

 Economic Policies/System
Poli7cal System
Jus7ce System
Educa7onal Policies
Physical Environment- Natural and Built
Health Care System

30

 Dene the public health problem

Iden7fy associated risk factors
Develop and evaluate interven7on
strategies
Develop and evaluate dissemina7on
strategies

31

TODAYS AGENDA
Introductions

SEPTEMBER

Course organization
Definitions: public health
and medicine
History of public health

22

Public Health Prior to 1700

EARLY CIVILIZATIONS (Text, Unit One, Box 1.2)
Before 500 BC
Code of Hammurabi
Book of Leviticus
500 BC to AD 500
Greek games of skill
Romans community projects
AD 500-1500
Spiritual era of public health
Black Death
Smallpox, measles, influenza et al
1500-1700
Environmental causes of disease
Accurate descriptions of symptoms

Public Health From 1700-2000

TIMELINE AND HIGHLIGHTS
Text: Unit One, Box 1.3
Eighteenth Century (1700s)
Industrial growth; workplace safety
Boards of health in large US cities
Nineteenth Century (1800s)
Modern era of public health
Snow removed handle from Broad Street pump
American Public Health Association founded

Contemporary Public Health

TIMELINE AND HIGHLIGHTS: 20th and 21st Century
First local health department (1911)
First school of public health (1918)
Social Security Act passed (1935)
Period of Social Engineering
Medicare and Medicaid bills passed (1965)
First federal seat belt law (1968)
Period of Health Promotion
Health Information and Health Promotion Act (1976)
Healthy People published (1979)
Clintons unsuccessful national health care program (1997)
Obamas Affordable Care Act (2010)
Healthy People 2020 (2010)
28 States have statewide smoking bans in public places (2013)

Tuesday: (1) Health measures and health status

(2) Health equity